This document provides a history and overview of Arnis, the Filipino martial art of stick fighting. It discusses how Arnis evolved from ancient Filipino martial arts like Kali and was later influenced by Spanish fencing. It outlines the basic techniques, forms, stances and styles of Arnis including solo baston, sinawali and the use of canes. It also covers the governing body of Arnis in the Philippines and how it is now practiced both as a martial art and sport.

2. ARNIS
UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL
SYSTEMPILILLA,
RIZAL
MAPEHNIANS
Reported by:
Berro, Henry

3. HISTORY OF ARNIS
In 1565, more than 43 years after
Ferdinand Magellan came to the
Philippines, Spanish Don Miguel de
Lopez and 380 armed Spanish soldiers
were amazed that the natives practice
stick fighting similar to the England of
Espada y Daga or Sword and dagger.

4. When the Philippines were
conquered by Spain, the Spanish
language was forced upon the
people, and KALI was thereafter
known as ESGRIMA.
ESKRIMA
UNABLE TO
PRONOUNCE

5. Aftermath of an episode in Philippine
history, when KALI was outlawed by
Spanish rule as one of the precautionary
measures taken to discourage an
enslaved people fro revolt against the
Spanish oppressors.
Dr. Jose de Azas set up a school for the
study of arnis and fencing.

6. Arnis became a widespread in the
Philippine.
In 1972, the Philippine government
includes Arnis in “Palarong
Pambansa”
The Ministry of Education, Culture
and Sports also included it as part of
the Physical Education Curriculum
for high school and college students.

7. Arnis Philippines became a member of
the Philippine Olympic Committee
effective as of January 12, 1987, and
referred to, in the national language,
only by the name of Arnis.
Arnis is being practiced for self-defense
and physical exercise, and is well on its
way to becoming the national sports of
the Philippines.

8. Arnis is nowadays popularly
played with the use of cane being
less deadly than the bladed
weapon.
The cane is assumed to be an
extension of the hand.
END OF
HISTORY

9. 1. ESPADA Y DAGA (sword and
dagger) the long wooden sword and
a short wooden dagger.
2. SOLO BASTON (single stick) in
which a single long wooden stick or
rattan cane is used.

10. 3.SINAWALI so called because of
the interface movement of two
bastons used in criss-cross
manner, or simply called boble
baston.
4.PINGA or long bamboo stick.
5.MANO-MANO, buno or dumog

11. 1. Respect – Galang
2. Discipline – Disiplina
3. Loyalty – Katapatan
4. Bravery – Katapangan
5. Ethics – panuntunan
6. Sportsmanship
7. control

12. Abanico Corto and Abanico Largo- a strike
which consists of moving the stick in front
of the body in a fanning – like movement,
hence, the term abanico means “fan” in
Spanish.
Anyo or Form – a combination of
choreograph striking, blocking,
coordinating the arm and leg movements.

13. Arnis – from Spanish word “Arnes”, with
the English equivalent of Harness.
Banda y banda – a slashing of horizontal
movement or technique which consists of
pointing the stick forward. moving rapidly
and horizontally.
Espada y daga – a form of fighting
wherein long and short sticks are used.

14. Kali – an ancient Malayan word, which
refers to a long bladed weapon.
Sinawali – an intricate technique of striking
using sticks wherein the movement
resembles the woven pattern of the sinawali
or split.
Larga Muton or Labanang Totohanan – to a
free form of arnis apsrring which is
supposed to show and test the skills of the
arnis practitioners.

15. Sangga at Patama – a per arranged or
choreographed form of play consisting of
striking thrusting and parrying.
Redonda or “x” movement – a slashing
or circular X movement which is similar
to a double sinawali.
Rompida – circling the stick overhaead.
Up and Down

16. Made up of rattan or
yanok
24 inches long for elem.
Level
28 – 30 inches long for
high school college level.
1 inch in diameter.

17. 1. Use only one skills in self-defense, self-preservation, and
the protection of others where the need necessitates.
2. Respect fellow martial arts practitioners regardless of
their chosen style.
3. Do not engender ill feeling.
4. Be disciplined in the training and appreciation of
martial arts.
5. Uphold true martial arts spirit.
6. Set a good example to promote martial arts practice.
7. Abidde by the rules of one’s club and association.

19. FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
1.Grip: Proper Hold of the Stick
- Hold the stick one fist away
from the punyo (butt) of the
stick. Close the grip with the
thumb.
2. Basic Stance and Salutation
a. Handa
- Feet are positioned shoulder
width apart.
- Stick is held in front of the
body.

20. b. Pugay
- Place the weapon hand
across the chest.
- Bow by bending at the
waist.
c. Handa sa Paglaban/Fighting Stance
- One foot in the front (foot the
same as the weapon hand), the
other foot on the rear.
- Keep feet apart, distance of one
foot.
- Both knees slightly bent.
- Toes facing forward.
- Weight evenly distributed on both
feet.

22. • Stand with your feet apart parallel
to the shoulder with both toes
pointing forward.
• The knees should be straight, the
waist and the body facing
forward.
• Hands are on waist level and the
hands should hold the sticks on
both sides.
• The ready stance is commonly
used when standing at ease during
training or tournaments.

23. Stand with your feet forming a 45 degrees
angle.
Heels should be close to each other, knees should
be straight, the waist and body facing forward.
Shoulders are dropped to the side and both
hands are at waist level.
The Attention Stance is commonly used in
preparation for courtesy or “bowing” at
commencement of sparring.

24. • Starting with the ready stance, move one
foot forward until the knee and the toe
are in line to each other.
• Both toes are pointing in front, the waist
and the body is facing forward.
• The body should not be too low or the lead
foot too extended otherwise it will be hard
to manoeuvre.
• Distribute the weight or center of gravity
to both legs.
• Forward stances can be right foot lead,
which is the Right Foot Forward Stance
or it can be left foot lead which is Left
Foot Forward Stance.
• Forward Stance are commonly used with
frontal striking or blocking techniques.

25. • Starting with the ready stance, move
one foot forward 45 degrees away from
the body until the knee and the toe are
in line to each other.
• Move on the same direction as the lead
foot (e.g. for right foot lead, move 45
degrees forward to the right).
• Both toes are pointing in front, the
waist and the body is facing forward.
• The body should not be too low or the
lead foot too extended otherwise it
will be hard to maneuver.
• Distribute the weight or center of
gravity to both legs.
• Oblique stances can be right foot lead,
which is the Right Foot Oblique
Stance or it can be left foot lead which
is Left Foot Oblique Stance.
• Oblique Stances are commonly used
for forward blocking and evasion
techniques.

26. • Starting with the ready stance,
move one foot about two feet (2’)
to the left or the right direction
until both lower legs are almost
perpendicular to the ground.
• Both toes are pointing in front,
the waist and the body is facing
forward.
• The body should not be too low
or extended otherwise it will
be hard to maneuver.
• Distribute the weight or center
of gravity to both
legs. Straddle stance are also
called Horseback Riding
Stance since it mimics position
when riding on a horse back.
• Straddle stances are
commonly used for blocking
the strikes to the side of the
body.

27. • Starting with the ready stance,
move one foot about two feet (2’)
to the left or right direction.
• Moving foot will be
perpendicular to the ground
while the other leg is extended
thereby creating a position like
that of a side kick.
• Both toes are pointing in front,
the waist and the body is facing
forward.
• The body should not be too low or
extended otherwise it will be hard
to maneuver.
• Distribute the weight or center of
gravity to both legs. If the left foot
moves to the side it becomes Left
Foot Side Stance, if the right foot
moves to the side it becomes Right
Foot Side Stance.
• Side Stances are commonly used
for strike deflection and evasion
techniques.

28. • Starting with the ready
stance, move one foot
backward 45 degrees away
from the body.
• The heels of the foot should
form an imaginary “L” shape
while the legs are in a
straddle position.
• The body should not be too
low or extended otherwise it
will be hard to manoeuvre.
• Distribute the weight or
center of gravity to both
legs.
• Back stances can be right
foot lead, which is the
Right Foot Back Stance or
it can be left foot lead
which is Left Foot Back
Stance.
• Back stances are used for
blocking and backward
evasion techniques.

29. Sinawali exercise provides Eskrima
practitioners with basic skills and
motions relevant to a mode of two-
weapon blocking and response method
called Doblete.

30. Sinawali training is often introduced to novices in
order to develop certain fundamental skills
including:
body positioning and distance relative to an
opponent,
rotation of the body and the proper turning radius,
recognition of one’s center of gravity,
eye-hand coordination, target perception and
recognition,
increased ambidexterity,

31. recognition and performance of
rhythmic structures for upper body
movement, and
muscular developments important to
the art, especially, the wrist and
forearm regions.

32. Swing the cane to
strike the
opponent’s temple
Withdraw the cane
Swing it down to
strike the opponent’s
knee
Withdraw the cane
and place it above
your shoulder

33. • Begin with the right hand
up and the left hand tucked
under the right shoulder
• Strike the opponent’s
temple with the right hand
• As you retract the right
hand to the left shoulder
strike the opponent’s knee
with the left hand
• As you strike a backhand to
the opponent’s temple with
the right hand, retract the
left hand to the left
shoulder

34. • Using the right cane, strike the
opponent’s temple
• Withdraw it and place it below
the left armpit then strike the
opponent’s temple with the left
cane
• Withdraw it then place it above
the right shoulder then strike the
opponent’s knee with the right
cane
• Place the right cane above your
right shoulder then hit the
opponent’s knee with the left
cane then place it above the left
shoulder

35. -start with the right cane over the right shoulder and the other
one under the right armpit
-swing the right cane diagonally forward and position it above
the left shoulder
-swing the left cane diagonally forward then position it above
the left shoulder
-swing the right cane downward then position it below the left
armpit
-swing the left cane diagonally forward and position it over the
head afterwards
-swing the right cane diagonally forward then position it above
the right shoulder. Position the other hand under the right
armpit.

37. Solo Baston is one of the three major
fighting system s of arnis. Under this
system evolves various system of fighting
using a long stick weapon. Though the
system is called solo baston it is not
limited to using only a stuck. History
points out that bladed weapon and other
daily implements like umbrellas and
walking sticks are good weapons.

39. Made up of rattan or
yanok
24 inches long for elem.
Level
28 – 30 inches long for
high school college level.
1 inch in diameter.