There are three main approaches to industrial relations: unitary, pluralist, and Marxist. The unitary approach believes conflicts are temporary issues that can be resolved through improved management and teamwork. The pluralist approach sees conflicts as inevitable due to different groups within an organization having different aims and objectives. It advocates for collective bargaining between management and recognized trade unions. The Marxist approach views conflicts as a product of the capitalist system and sees trade unions as a means for workers to react against exploitation by management and create social change.

1. Submitted by:-
Parsi karayala
Roll no. :-
1700104047029
Submitted to:-
Mr. Devesh Aggarwal

2.  There are mainly 3 types of approaches in IR
1. unitary approach
2. Pluristic approach
3. Marxist approach

3.  The unitary approach believe in unity and
bringing together efforts of the individual for
team work and common objective.
 This theory believe that conflict are non
permanent malformation, which are a result
of improper management in the organisation.
 It also considered the organisational conflicts
resulting in strikes to be useless and
destructive.

4.  To create a productive , effective and
harmonious working environment.
 To Develop a trustworthy, open, fair and
transparent work culture.
 To Restrict the role of the tribunal and other
government associations like the trade union
and initiates direct negotiating between the
management and the employees.

5.  This approach assumes that the organisation
is composed of individuals who form distinct
group with their own set of aims, objectives,
leadership styles, and value propositions.
 In contrast to unitary approach, the pluralist
approach considers conflict between
management and employees as rational and
inevitable.

6.  Trade union as legitimate representatives of
employees interest and they must be
recognised.
 Stability in industrial relations is the product
of compromises between management and
unions.
 Collective bargaining is the best method for
resolving all kinds of dispute.
 Management authority is not easily accepted
and employees join trade unions to protect
themselves.

7.  Marxist like pluralist, regard conflict between
employers and employees as inevitable.
 However, pluralists believe that the conflict is
inevitable in all organisation. Marxist see it as
a product of the capitalist society.
 The Marxist approach, thus, focuses on the
type of society in which an organisation
functions.
 Trade union can be seen as labour reaction to
the exploitation by the management.

8.  Trade union act as mean of social change.
They work to improve the working condition
of the workers.
 In this approach, all strikes are political.
 Marxist regarded state intervention via
legislation and the creation of industrial
tribunal as supporting management’s interest
rather than ensuring a balance between the
competing groups.