The document discusses the shift in aeronautical design philosophy from a focus on performance during the Cold War to emphasizing cost and schedule with the "Better, Faster, Cheaper" approach in the 1990s. It provides examples of planes developed under each philosophy and trends showing rising costs and development times. The concept of "value" is introduced as a useful framework for engineering in this new era, taking into account performance, cost, and time.
Short revue of development and influence on lean process in aerospace industry. Historical steps of latest achivements.
Attached video shows practical resoults of MODERN TECHNOLOGY.
Boeing 787: Global Supply Chain Management Takes Flight
Learn how Boeing was able to reduce the supply chain risk associated with moving to a globally-distributed manufacturing model for Boeing's 787 Dreamliner.
Building organizational agility into large scale software-reliant environmentsBoxer Research Ltd
The tempo at which an enterprise creates new uses for its systems is different from that of its acquisition or systems development processes. The military continues to confront the issue of how fielded systems can support the agility needed by its deployed forces. This problem of diverging tempos applies to a variety of large-scale, software-reliant enterprisessuch as those found in healthcare and digital communications. This paper posits four realities underpinning an approach to this problem space: the governance-demand double challenge, edge-driven perspective, stratification, and demand cohesion. It uses a particular case example to show how these concepts support the modeling and analysis of the enterprise as a socio-technical system of systems. The paper argues that analyses based on this approach are necessary for making this problem space tractable.
Short revue of development and influence on lean process in aerospace industry. Historical steps of latest achivements.
Attached video shows practical resoults of MODERN TECHNOLOGY.
Boeing 787: Global Supply Chain Management Takes Flight
Learn how Boeing was able to reduce the supply chain risk associated with moving to a globally-distributed manufacturing model for Boeing's 787 Dreamliner.
Building organizational agility into large scale software-reliant environmentsBoxer Research Ltd
The tempo at which an enterprise creates new uses for its systems is different from that of its acquisition or systems development processes. The military continues to confront the issue of how fielded systems can support the agility needed by its deployed forces. This problem of diverging tempos applies to a variety of large-scale, software-reliant enterprisessuch as those found in healthcare and digital communications. This paper posits four realities underpinning an approach to this problem space: the governance-demand double challenge, edge-driven perspective, stratification, and demand cohesion. It uses a particular case example to show how these concepts support the modeling and analysis of the enterprise as a socio-technical system of systems. The paper argues that analyses based on this approach are necessary for making this problem space tractable.
My research paper for Managerial Economics, Spring 2010. The paper analyzes the structure of the aerospace industry and Lockheed Martin\'s role in that industry.
XPO Logistics IncProject Air Transport Analysis10252022.docxtroutmanboris
XPO Logistics Inc
Project: Air Transport Analysis
10/25/2022
Assignment Instruction for Project 8
Your executive board has asked you to prepare a presentation detailing the opportunities for air transport (local and global) XPO . As your starting point analyze current usage of air transport with the reasons for its usage in comparison to alternative modes of transport across the dimensions of cost and service. Having profiled current air transport usage, develop your presentation to cover future opportunities for air transport in XPO, again using the logic of costs and service. You may find it useful to identify current and future products that fit a profile of high value to mass / cubic volume in terms of their fit with air transport.
Your presentation should be about 5 slides in length
Current Usage of Air Transport
XPO provide air transport services for urgent / express shipment
About 617 million shipments were shipped by XPO in the United States from North America, from Europe and from Latin America
XPO air transport market is expected to expand by 2037
XPO target for customer who are looking for reliability, affordability, speed, and invention of new technologies has led to the increase in its usage
3
Future Opportunities For Air Transport In XPO Logistics Inc
a. Reduced Costs
This is by ordering goods in bulk to save many trips therefore saving fuel and other processes involved.
Outsourcing transportation management is also essential.
Other modes of transport are so expensive in terms of processes involved in supply chain compared to air transport (Seymour et al., 2020).
By monitoring supply chain performance, XPO Logistics Inc. will be able to determine breakage in line of operation and correct them properly (Vinod, 2021).
Customers can save more money overall when they are encouraged to do larger orders. This can benefit both XPO logistics and the customers. For instance, transporting six to eight pallets at once can typically be less expensive than shipping two to four pallets every other day. It makes reasonable that needing to use more journeys will result in the carriers using more labor, petrol, and vehicles. As one can see, prices will remain this way unless one component can be changed to significantly lower the cost of air freight as a whole. Air transport can help XPO logistics to reduce cost because the costs for fuel and other logistics expenses needed in this process are low (Seymour et al., 2020). A company can transfer the load on itself when they outsource the logistics and transportation of freight. These businesses can also buy operational goods in bulk, like fuel and parts/accessories (Islam, 2019). At the end of the day, XPO Logistics will still save more money on air freight shipping even if it has its own carrier line. Commercial sea travel, including trips on freighters and cruise ships, is significantly more expensive than flying considering tax and duties. Companies are able to det.
My research paper for Managerial Economics, Spring 2010. The paper analyzes the structure of the aerospace industry and Lockheed Martin\'s role in that industry.
XPO Logistics IncProject Air Transport Analysis10252022.docxtroutmanboris
XPO Logistics Inc
Project: Air Transport Analysis
10/25/2022
Assignment Instruction for Project 8
Your executive board has asked you to prepare a presentation detailing the opportunities for air transport (local and global) XPO . As your starting point analyze current usage of air transport with the reasons for its usage in comparison to alternative modes of transport across the dimensions of cost and service. Having profiled current air transport usage, develop your presentation to cover future opportunities for air transport in XPO, again using the logic of costs and service. You may find it useful to identify current and future products that fit a profile of high value to mass / cubic volume in terms of their fit with air transport.
Your presentation should be about 5 slides in length
Current Usage of Air Transport
XPO provide air transport services for urgent / express shipment
About 617 million shipments were shipped by XPO in the United States from North America, from Europe and from Latin America
XPO air transport market is expected to expand by 2037
XPO target for customer who are looking for reliability, affordability, speed, and invention of new technologies has led to the increase in its usage
3
Future Opportunities For Air Transport In XPO Logistics Inc
a. Reduced Costs
This is by ordering goods in bulk to save many trips therefore saving fuel and other processes involved.
Outsourcing transportation management is also essential.
Other modes of transport are so expensive in terms of processes involved in supply chain compared to air transport (Seymour et al., 2020).
By monitoring supply chain performance, XPO Logistics Inc. will be able to determine breakage in line of operation and correct them properly (Vinod, 2021).
Customers can save more money overall when they are encouraged to do larger orders. This can benefit both XPO logistics and the customers. For instance, transporting six to eight pallets at once can typically be less expensive than shipping two to four pallets every other day. It makes reasonable that needing to use more journeys will result in the carriers using more labor, petrol, and vehicles. As one can see, prices will remain this way unless one component can be changed to significantly lower the cost of air freight as a whole. Air transport can help XPO logistics to reduce cost because the costs for fuel and other logistics expenses needed in this process are low (Seymour et al., 2020). A company can transfer the load on itself when they outsource the logistics and transportation of freight. These businesses can also buy operational goods in bulk, like fuel and parts/accessories (Islam, 2019). At the end of the day, XPO Logistics will still save more money on air freight shipping even if it has its own carrier line. Commercial sea travel, including trips on freighters and cruise ships, is significantly more expensive than flying considering tax and duties. Companies are able to det.
Submission of this RFP, we believe, demonstrates confidence in the world's premier aircraft builder, the potential of restored financial sector equilibrium within 12-18 months, and the capability of this advanced airplane to take a lead role in the permanent air augmentation of US industrial base global supply chain as outlined in our business plan," said Myron D. Stokes, Managing Member.
Will Forever Change Acquisition, Production and Congressional Approval Process While Restoring Financial Equilibrium
Chicago – 8/26/09. In another addendum to its June 25, May 31, 2009 and 2007/2006 press releases, Global HeavyLift Holdings, LLC, a Florida incorporated and Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) listed (www.ccr.gov/) entity with principal offices in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, is clearly indicating that continued Boeing C-17 production is inextricably linked to its business strategies. Principals also believe funding for this superlative airlifter is not the issue; rather, it’s the process.
“Budgetary constraints, with due respect, exist only in the minds of those in the public and private sector who are at best disingenuous in their claims of continuing attempts to rein in spending. A true and viable solution exists that will forever change Department of Defense acquisition processes, and it’s designated Transformational Recapitalization,” says Myron D. Stokes, Managing Member.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
1. Wojtek Mozdyniewicz F-35 Structural Design Lockheed Martin May-2007 CHALLENGES OF THE BETTER, FASTER, CHEAPER PHILOSOPHY OF AERONAUTICAL DESIGN
2.
3. Examples of Planes under Philosophy of Performance Driven Development F-111 Video B-52 Video SU-35 Video F16 vs SU27 F-4 Video F-16 Video B2 . . . . . . .
4. Speed of sound created barrier of PERFORMANCE DRIVEN DESIGN. F-14 TOMCAT left F-18 HORNET below
24. For Example; Lean findings and implementation Impressive progress has been made in development and manufacturing of aerospace systems with the application of lean over the last decade. A list of examples contributed by LAI members in late 1998 [16] is given in the appendix. A few specific examples are included to illustrate findings and application at sub system levels. A big challenge is to optimize the mix of sub process improvements to achieve system level, or bottom line, improvements. A particularly stellar example in this regard is the C-17 program that has taken $100M of cost out of each aircraft, partly due to implementation of lean practices . Figure 7 shows the cumulative results of applying a number of lean practices to design and production of a forward fuselage section. Compared to an earlier product, the application of lean led to an effective learning curve shift of 9 units and a 48% reduction in labor hours once learning was stabilized.
25. 2.1 Trends in cost and development time Perhaps the first person to call national attention to the fateful trend of increasing costs for aircraft was Norm Augustine [1]. His plot (which he first introduced in the late 1960s) of the unit cost of US tactical aircraft versus years showed an extrapolated crossing of the cost of a single aircraft with the total DoD budget in the middle of the 21st century. Although there has been considerable attention given to reducing the cost of new tactical aircraft, it has proven difficult to realize. “Augustine’s Crossing” remains a major concern. McNutt reported in 1999 [2] that the time required to develop all major DoD systems, including aircraft, increased by 80% in the thirty years from 1965 to 1994 as shown in Figure 1.
26. McNutt also reported a correlation between the cost and the time of development for such systems. Although there is considerable scatter in the data, the best curve fit indicates cost increases with the fourth power of the development time. Clearly development time is a major variable to consider. One might argue that the root cause for these time increases is growing system complexity. However, development time for commercial systems of comparable complexity has been reduced during this same period. For example, the Boeing 777 was developed and fielded from 1990-1995. Beyond complexity, other likely causes include a wide variety of inefficiencies in acquisition, design, engineering and manufacturing practices and processes for development cost and time of embedded software in aerospace systems. aeronautical systems.
27. An indicator of the evolving industry dynamics is the number of major US aerospace companies as shown in Figure 4, which includes all aerospace products, not just aircraft. From 1908 to about 1959, with the exception of the depression years, more companies entered the field than exited. From 1959 to the present the trends are the opposite. There was a steep decline from 1960 to 1969, followed by a long plateau from 1969 to 1992. The post Cold-War mergers and acquisitions left a vastly different industrial base at the end of the decade. Similar dynamics have influenced the European industries, but with time shifted effects. The first wave of consolidation at the national level started earlier, and the current period of international consolidations lagged due to the more complex political considerations. The shape of the Figure 4 curve follows a classic pattern of product evolution exhibited by many industries producing assembled products, as studied and reported by Utterback [6].
28. 3 Value “ Value” is a word that is common in the business literature and vernacular, and even in some quarters of engineering. It is certainly common to each of us individually. Over the past few years, LAI research has found that “ value” provides a useful framework for engineering in the Better, Faster, Cheaper (BFC) era. In fact, it will be shown that BFC can be recast as a value metric. The authors are not experts in value, but have a growing awareness of the literature and concepts, including the field of Value Engineering that was an outgrowth of WWII propulsion engineers. Value is a measure of worth of a specific product or service by a customer, and is a function of (1) the product’s usefulness in satisfying a customer need, (2) the relative importance of the need being satisfied, (3) the availability of the product
29. “ A system offering best life-cycle value is defined as a system introduced at the right time and right price which delivers best value in mission effectiveness, performance, affordability and sustainability, and retains these advantages throughout its life.” The emphasis of this extended definition is to consider the total lifecycle, which is central to aerospace systems that have long lifetimes and considerable lifecycle operational costs. Research is currently underway to develop a framework for BLV. Best Lifecycle Value can elevate the thinking of aeronautical engineers beyond “Higher, Faster, Farther” or “Better, Faster, Cheaper” to an abstraction that embraces both and provides a framework for future challenges.
30. 3.2 Elements of Value From the above discussion, it is apparent that value is a multidimensional attribute, and the definition in the aeronautical context is still emerging. One might assume a functional relationship as: Value = fp ( performance) / fc(cost) · ft(time) Improved performance (Better), lower cost (Cheaper), and shorter times (Faster).
31. This definition of value is a variant on the one used by Value Engineers who don’t include the time function. The functional relationships need to be defined by the customer for each product or system. These relationships would comprise specific metrics with weightings to indicate customer utility functions and normalizations for consistency. Some examples of elements that might be in these value metrics are given for illustration. These are not exhaustive, but illustrate the large number of possible factors that might enter a value analysis. Performance function, fp · Vehicle performance (range-payload, speed, maneuver parameters) · Combat performance (lethality, survivability, store capability) · Ilities (Quality, reliability, maintainability, upgradability) · System compatibility (ATC, airport infrastructure, mission anagement) · Environmental (Noise, emissions, total environmental impact)
32. References: [1] Augustine, N. Augustine’s Laws. 6th edition. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, 1997 [2] McNutt, R. “Reducing DoD Product Development Time: The Role of the Schedule Development Process”. MIT Ph.D. Thesis, Jan 1999. [3] Menendez, J. "The Software Factory: Integrating CASE Technologies to Improve Productivity." LAI Report 96-02, Jul 1996. [4] Hernandez, C. "Intellectual Capital White Paper." The California Engineering Foundation, Dec 7, 1999. [5] Drezner, J., Smith, G., Horgan, L., Rogers, C. and Schmidt, R. "Maintaining Future Military Aircraft Design Capability." RAND Report R-4199F, 1992 [6] Utterback, J. Mastering the Dynamics of Innovation . Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA, 1996. [7] Chase, J., Darot, J., Evans, A., Fernandes, P., Markish, J., Nuffort, M., Speller, T., “The Business Case for the Very Large Aircraft”, AIAA Papar 2001-0589, Reno, NV, Jan 2001
33. [8] Liebeck, R.H., Page, M.A., Rawdon, B.K., “ Blended-Wing-Body Subsonic Commercial Transport”, AIAA-98-0438, [9] Slack, R. "The Application of Lean Principles to the Military Aerospace Product Development Process." MIT SM Thesis, Dec 1998. [10] Fredriksson, B. "Holistic system engineering in product development", The SAAB-SCANIA GRIFFIN . Nov 1994, pp. 23-31. [11] Fabrycky, W. Life Cycle Costs and Economics . Prentice Hall, N.J. 1991. [12] Warmkessel, J. "Learning to Think Lean." INCOSE Mid-Atlantic Regional Conference, April 5, 2000. [13] Womack, J, Jones, D and Roos, D. The Machine That Changed The World . Rawson, 1990. [14] Womack, J and Jones, D. Lean Thinking . Simon &Schuster, 1996.
34. [15] Weiss, S, Murman, E and Roos. D. "The Air Force and Industry Think Lean." Aerospace America , May 1996, pp32-38. [16] "Benefits of Implementing Lean Practices and the Impact of the Lean Aerospace Initiative in the Defense Aerospace Industry and Government Agencies." LAI Whitepaper, January 1999. http://lean.mit.edu/public/pubnews/pubnews.html [17] Ippolito, B and Murman, E. "Improving the Software Upgrade Value Stream." LAI Monograph, expected publication July 2000. [18] Hoppes, J. "Lean Manufacturing Practices in the Defense Aircraft Industry." MIT SM Thesis, May 1995