The document summarizes Rob Latham's essay "Fiction, 1950-1963", which traces the development of science fiction as a literary genre from 1950 to 1963. It discusses the ups and downs science fiction faced in gaining mainstream acceptance, including rising production costs in magazines that threatened the genre in the late 1950s. However, science fiction was able to survive this challenging period and eventually lead to the influential "New Wave" movement known for its experimentation.