Sociology is inherently critical because it deals with topics related to the functioning and change of our societies. One of the first areas of sociology is to "denaturalize" common sense. The birth of sociological reflection is situated from two great revolutions: the French Revolution (1789-1799) and the Industrial Revolution (1760-1840). The founders of sociology are Karl Marx (1818-1883), Emile Durkheim (1858-1917), and Max Weber (1864-1920). There are two great paradigms of social investigation, quantitative methodology and qualitative methodology.

1. L A S O C I O LO G Í A E S U N A C I E N C I A
I N H E R E N T E M E N T E C R Í T I C A P O R Q U E T R ATA
T E M A S Q U E T I E N E N Q U E V E R C O N E L
F U N C I O N A M I E N TO Y C A M B I O D E N U E S T R A S
S O C I E D A D E S

2. U N A D E L A S P R I M E R A S TA R E A S D E L A
S O C I O LO G Í A E S “ D E S N AT U R A L I Z A R ” E L S E N T I D O
C O M Ú N

3. E L N A C I M I E N TO D E L A R E F L E X I Ó N S O C I O LÓ G I C A
S E S I T ÚA A PA R T I R D E D O S G R A N D E S
R E V O LU C I O N E S

4. R E V O LU C I Ó N F R A N C E S A ( 1 7 8 9 - 1 7 9 9 )
REVOLUCIÓN INDUSTRIAL (1760 - 1840)

5. LO S F U N D A D O R E S D E L A S O C I O LO G Í A

6.  K A R L M A R X ( 1 8 1 8 – 1 8 8 3 )
C O N F L I C T I V I S TA

7.  E M I L E D U R K H E I M ( 1 8 5 8 – 1 9 1 7 )
F U N C I O N A L I S TA

8.  M A X W E B E R ( 1 8 6 4 – 1 9 2 0 )
D E L A A C C I Ó N

9. E X I S T E N D O S G R A N D E S PA R A D I G M A S D E
I N V E S T I G A C I Ó N S O C I A L , L A M E TO D O LO G Í A
C UA N T I TAT I VA Y L A M E TO D O LO G Í A C UA L I TAT I VA .