The document discusses the Apgar score, which is a quick assessment of a newborn's health. It was developed in 1952 by Dr. Virginia Apgar and is measured at one and five minutes after birth. The Apgar score rates five signs - appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration. Each sign is given a score of 0, 1, or 2. A higher total score indicates better adaptation to extrauterine life without requiring resuscitation. Factors like drugs given to the mother during labor can affect the Apgar score. The assessment helps identify babies needing immediate resuscitation and predicts survival in the neonatal period.

1. PEOPLES COLLEGE OF NURSING AND
RESEARCH CENTER, BHOPAL
• SEMINAR PRESENTATION
• TOPIC – APGAR SCORE
• SUBJECT – MIDWIFERY
Under Guidance By:- Presented By:-
Mrs. NITIKA BHARGAV Mr. RAJEEV LOCHAN
Asst. Prof. B. SC. (N) 3rd Year
PCN & RC PCN & RC

2. CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
WHAT IS APGAR SCORE?
PURPOSE OF APGAR SCORE
APGR SCORE TABLE
FACTORS AFFECTING A. S.
SUMMARY
BIBLIOGRAPHY

3. INTRODUCTION
 A test developed in 1952 by Dr. Virginia
Apgar.
 Quick assessment of the newborn’s
overall well-being
 Given one-minute after birth and five
minutes after birth
 Rates 5 vital areas

4. DEFINITION
• The Apgar Score is a practical method of
systematically assessing newborn infants
immediately after birth to help identify
requiring resuscitation and to predict
survival in the neonatal period.

5. What is Apgar Score ?

6. APGAR
A – Appearance (i.e. skin color)
P – Pulse (i.e. heart rate)
G – Grimace ( i. e. respone
. to stimuli)
A – Activity ( i. e. Muscle
, tone )
R – Respiration

7. PURPOSE
To assess the baby’s vital signs quickly
The assessment at 1 minute is important
for the further management of
resuscitation,
However, it has been shown that an
assessment at 5 minute is more reliable
as a predictor of the risk of death during
the 28 days of life.

8. APGAR SCORE TABLE:-
SIGN 0 1 2
Appearance Blue, Pale Blue extremities
Pink body
Pink all over
Pulse Absent <100 b/m >100b/m
Grimace No response to
stimulation
Grimace to
stimulation (no
cry)
Cry; active response to
stimulation
Activity None Some flexion of
arms or legs
Active flexion
Respirations Absent Weak, irregular &
slow
Strong crying

9. Reflexion Heart beat

10. Respiration Muscle tone

11. Apgar score 7 - 10
• Achieved by 90% of neonates
• Nothing is required, except
 nasal and oral suctioning
 drying of the skin
maintenance of normal body
temperature.

12. APGAR SCORE 4 - 6
• Suffered mild asphyxia just before
birth.
-Respond to vigorous stimulation
-Oxygen blown over the face.

13. APGAR SCORE 0 - 3
• These neonates
are severely
asphyxiated and
require
immediate
resuscitation

14. FACORS AFFECTING APGAR SCORE
Drugs given to the mother during labour
and immaturity.
Analgesics, Narcotics & Sedatives
Precipitous Delivery
Acute Cerebral Trauma
Airway Obstruction – Choanal Atresia
Hemorrhage – Hypovolemia
Spinal cord trauma

15. SUMMARY
• INTRODUCTION- A test developed in 1952 by Dr.
Virginia Apgar.
• Definition
• PURPOSE:- To assess the baby’s vital signs quickly.
• 1 minute & 5 minute resuscitation
• A- Appearance
• P- Pulse
• G- Grimace
• A- Activity
• R- Respiration

16. CONTD…
Factors affecting A. S. :- Drugs given to the
mother during labour and immaturity.
Analgesics, Narcotics & Sedatives

17. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Textbook of pediatrics by Kliegman &
Janson volume -1, 18th edition Page no. –
679-680
A comprehensive textbook of MIDWIFERY
& GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING
by ANNAMMA JACOB page no.- 377-388
Textbook of Pediatrics by:- Parul Datta 4th
edition, page no.- 665

18. STUDENT ASSIGNMENT
• You are collecting the 1 minute APGAR
on a male newborn. You note that HR-
140 b/m, the baby’s cry is strong &
regular, Body is pink with slightly blue
hands, there is some flexion in arms &
legs, while assessing the newborn it
moves & cries. What is your patient’s
APGAR SCORE?

19. THANK YOU
THANK YOU