1. Thermal management is crucial for solid state lighting applications using LEDs as temperature greatly impacts LED performance and lifetime.
2. A three-step approach is recommended to analyze thermal challenges: analytical modeling, computational fluid dynamics modeling, and experimental testing.
3. An example thermal analysis of an LED downlighter demonstrated good agreement between the three analysis methods, validating the thermal management solution.
New Magnetodielectric Materials for Magnetic Flux ControlFluxtrol Inc.
http://fluxtrol.com
Magnetodielectric materials play an important role in improvement of induction systems for heat treatment, brazing, soldering, sealing and other technologies. This presentation is a continuation of the report made at HIS-01. Current report shows the results of development of new magnetodielectric materials for magnetic flux control and intensive study of their properties.
New Magnetodielectric Materials for Magnetic Flux ControlFluxtrol Inc.
http://fluxtrol.com
Magnetodielectric materials play an important role in improvement of induction systems for heat treatment, brazing, soldering, sealing and other technologies. This presentation is a continuation of the report made at HIS-01. Current report shows the results of development of new magnetodielectric materials for magnetic flux control and intensive study of their properties.
This ppt is made for making the topic clear. The aim is to make available content regarding thermocouple which is available on various sites. This ppt is made only for study purposes. The author doesn't claim originality of the content.
The thermocouple can be defined as a kind of temperature sensor that is used to measure the temperature at one specific point in the form of the EMF or an electric current. This sensor comprises two dissimilar metal wires that are connected together at one junction. A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires' legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.The temperature can be measured at this junction, and the change in temperature of the metal wire stimulates the voltages. These are used as the temperature sensors in thermostats in offices, homes, offices & businesses.
These are used in industries for monitoring temperatures of metals in iron, aluminum, and metal.
These are used in the food industry for cryogenic and Low-temperature applications. Thermocouples are used as a heat pump for performing thermoelectric cooling.
These are used to test temperature in the chemical plants, petroleum plants. These are used in gas machines for detecting the pilot flame.
The magnetic refrigeration at room temperature is an emerging technology that has
attracted the interest of researchers around the world (Bouchekara, 2008). Such a technology
applies the magnetocaloric effect which was first discovered by Warburg (Bohigas, 2000;
Zimm, 2007).
We know that the present air conditioning system produces cooling effect by refrigerants like Freon, Ammonia. Using this refrigerants can get maximum output but one of the major disadvantages is harmful gas emission and global warming. This problem can be overcome by using thermoelectric modules Peltier effect air conditioner and their by protecting the environment. The present paper deals with the study of Thermoelectric air conditioner using different modules is discuss Thermoelectric cooling systems have advantages over conventional cooling devices, such as compact in size, light in weight, high reliability. High reliability as there is no moving parts. Mr. Parag Singhal | Tarun Chaudhary | Shardul Kumar Vijay | Tauheed Akhtar | Vaibhav | Ravin Singh ""Thermoelectric Air Conditioning"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23509.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23509/thermoelectric-air-conditioning/mr-parag-singhal
it is an acadamic project about how to create complex geometry for heatsink. In this project i designed a heatsink by implementing thermal topology optimization technique using altair's hyperworks Optistruct solver and manufactured it using additive manufacturing to obtain complex geometry for convective heat transfer.
This ppt is made for making the topic clear. The aim is to make available content regarding thermocouple which is available on various sites. This ppt is made only for study purposes. The author doesn't claim originality of the content.
The thermocouple can be defined as a kind of temperature sensor that is used to measure the temperature at one specific point in the form of the EMF or an electric current. This sensor comprises two dissimilar metal wires that are connected together at one junction. A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature. Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different metals. The wires' legs are welded together at one end, creating a junction. The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple reference tables to calculate the temperature.The temperature can be measured at this junction, and the change in temperature of the metal wire stimulates the voltages. These are used as the temperature sensors in thermostats in offices, homes, offices & businesses.
These are used in industries for monitoring temperatures of metals in iron, aluminum, and metal.
These are used in the food industry for cryogenic and Low-temperature applications. Thermocouples are used as a heat pump for performing thermoelectric cooling.
These are used to test temperature in the chemical plants, petroleum plants. These are used in gas machines for detecting the pilot flame.
The magnetic refrigeration at room temperature is an emerging technology that has
attracted the interest of researchers around the world (Bouchekara, 2008). Such a technology
applies the magnetocaloric effect which was first discovered by Warburg (Bohigas, 2000;
Zimm, 2007).
We know that the present air conditioning system produces cooling effect by refrigerants like Freon, Ammonia. Using this refrigerants can get maximum output but one of the major disadvantages is harmful gas emission and global warming. This problem can be overcome by using thermoelectric modules Peltier effect air conditioner and their by protecting the environment. The present paper deals with the study of Thermoelectric air conditioner using different modules is discuss Thermoelectric cooling systems have advantages over conventional cooling devices, such as compact in size, light in weight, high reliability. High reliability as there is no moving parts. Mr. Parag Singhal | Tarun Chaudhary | Shardul Kumar Vijay | Tauheed Akhtar | Vaibhav | Ravin Singh ""Thermoelectric Air Conditioning"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23509.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/23509/thermoelectric-air-conditioning/mr-parag-singhal
it is an acadamic project about how to create complex geometry for heatsink. In this project i designed a heatsink by implementing thermal topology optimization technique using altair's hyperworks Optistruct solver and manufactured it using additive manufacturing to obtain complex geometry for convective heat transfer.
Evaluating the Thermal Performance of Lighting Solutions With Cloud-Based CFDSimScale
Cloud-based simulation enables electronic engineers to test and evaluate how well their designs dissipate heat. Using LEDs as a test case, this presentation demonstrates how effective heatsink design improves cooling performance, ultimately mitigating gradual light loss and providing a longer product lifespan for lighting devices. SimScale, with its high performing conjugate heat transfer solver, accurately calculates how effectively heat generated by spotlight diodes is dissipated by multiple designs, even simultaneously.
Watch the webinar recording here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=69LfxAxDoE0
Solving Heat Management Issues with Thermally Conductive PlasticsMomentive
As demand for performance and functionality of electronic devices increases, thermally conductive materials, such as our boron nitride powders, can effective lower operating temperatures and may potentially reduce failure rates. View the video above to see how.
Solar photovoltaic thermal (PV/t) parabolic trough collector systemManav Shah
This system consists of concentrating parabolic trough collector to magnify the solar radiation onto the focal point where absorber tube has been placed. Working fluid such as water is passed from the tube with the help of pump. In order to increase the overall efficiency of the system, photovoltaic cells are placed on the absorber tube so that hot water and electricity can be produced from one integrated system.
RTD or Thermocouple; What's the Right Choice?Chuck Bragg
How do you choose when to use an RTD or a Thermocouple to achieve the best temperature measurement? This slide set and the associated notes (RTDology.com) provide guidance and insight.
Modeling and thermal analysis of heat sink with scales on fins cooled by natu...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Selection of sensor for Cryogenic Temperature Measurementijsrd.com
The continuous monitoring of liquid temperature in cryogenic application is essential requirement from control and safety point of view. . Several factors must be considered when selecting the type of sensor to be used in a specific application Any temperature dependent parameter can be used as a sensor if it fits the requirements of the given application. These parameters include resistance, forward voltage (diodes), thermal EMFs, capacitance, expansion/contraction of various materials, magnetic properties, noise properties, nuclear orientation properties, etc. The two most commonly used parameters in cryogenic are voltage (diodes) and resistance. There are several reasons for choosing diode thermometry or resistance thermometry. Therefore this paper present the demand of precision measurement of temperature is addressed using semiconductor diode type sensor and resistor type sensor by sensor characteristic.
Paul J. Boudreaux Consider a Mixed Analog/Digital/MEMsssusercf6d0e
Heat spreaders with high K values attached to the chip can help alleviate lateral DT problems. Placing the system or components into a forced isothermal environment also reduces DT, dT/dt and CTE related problems. Severing the thermomechanical heat path reduces or eliminates shock and vibration from entering the system while reducing weight.
Developing an experimental set up for measurement of cutting temperature in T...HIMANSHU KUMAR SINGH
• Developed an experimental set up for measurement of cutting temperature in Turning Operation
• Design (in SolidWorks) and implementation of a miniature device for measuring temperature at cutting point for lathes and CNC’s
• Analysed varies exiting technology and made the advanced, accurate, low cost and easy to use temperature measuring device.
• The tool-work thermocouple measurement technique is an economic and fairly accurate technique of temperature measurement
Based on our 30 years of experience in the optoelectronic field Marktech has produced a 67 page eBook that focuses on custom designed emitters, detectors, and assemblies for anyone interested in having a custom component designed for their specific application or to optimize a current product performance.
APEC 2016 Industry Session-Thermal Challenges and Solutions for SSL Applications
1. Thermal Challenges and Solutions
for Industrial Solid State Lighting
Applications
Peter Resca
Sr. Director of Product Development
Advanced Thermal Solutions
Presented at: APEC 2016 Long Beach CA
2. Agenda
1.Challenges of thermal management in
Industrial lighting
2.Implications of temperature stress on
the system
3.Tools to manage the thermal stress
4.Application Example
5.Conclusion
2
3. Comparison of LED to Incandescent Lamp
8%
73%
19%
Incandescent
Visible Light
IR
Heat
20%
80%
LED
Visible Light
IR
Heat
• Most of the energy is infrared
• Energy losses are mainly lost by
Radiation heat transfer
• No radiation
• Conduction heat
transfer dominant
3
4. LED - inside view
• The efficiency is dependent on many parameters
• Not all of these parameters can be influenced by the user
• The most important parameter that can be influenced is the
junction temperature of the LED, by applying effective thermal
management
Luxeon K2 power LED (courtesy of Lumileds)
4
5. Conduction - junction to heatsink
Metal core
1.6mm
Prepreg
150um
Copper
70um
Heatslug
Solderpaste
150um
Rslug-solder pad
Rjunct-heatslug
Rmetal core
Interface material
Heatsink base
Rinterface
Rhs, (material and spreading resista
Ths
Tjunct.
P
5
6. LED Parameters vs. Temperature
• Light output is strongly dependent on temperature
• Temperature has an effect on forward voltage
• Temperature reduces lifetime
• Exceeding Tj, max may permanently damage LED
=> Thermal Management for LED based solutions is
imperative!
6
7. Light Output vs. Temperature
http://cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED-Components-and-Modules/XLamp/Data-and-
Binning/XLampMCE.pdf
Temperature can directly impact the output
of the emitting light
7
8. Lifetime vs. Temperature
(B50, L70) lifetimes against junction temperature for LUXEON Rebel LED
Temperature can directly impact the life of
the LED
8
9. Thermal Analysis Process
9
DFM
Solution
Analytical Modeling
• Fundamental based
modeling for quick results
• Generate models for what-
if scenarios
• Physics based results
Computational Modeling
• Flotherm
• Cfdesign
• Icepak
• CAD tools
Empirical Modeling
• Liquid & air flow testing
• JEDEC testing
• IR & LC thermography
• Temperature measurement
• Velocity measurement
• Pressure measurement
Validated
Prototype
Ready for high
volume, low cost
production
Custom
Heat
Sinks
Standard
Heat Sinks
Results
10. What Does Thermal Management Entail?
Objective: To maintain device junction below specified
temperature for worst case environment.
Hierarchy (level) of modelling:
• Environment: Where the system resides
• Enclosure: Houses the electronics
• Board: Housing the components
• Component: Housing the dies (chip)
• Chip: Housing the electronics parts
10
15. Conduction and Spreading
15
Heat
LED
Good x-y Thermal
conductivity(3 W/m-K
Dielectric)
Poor x-y Thermal
Conductivity (0.3 W/m-K
Dielectric)
Dielectric
Copper
Metal Base
22. Results
Paramater Units
Analytical,
with
experimental
hs-data
Analytical,
only CFD Experiment
Tambient °C 20 20 20 20
Iforward mA 1000 1000 1000 1000
Light efficiency % 9% 9% 9% 9%
Tdissipated total °C 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6
Theatsink base °C 76 66 75 71
Tboard, copper led °C 84 74 84 78
Tj, led °C 113 103 113 107
Comparison methods 106% 96% 105% 100%
Results of different solution methods show good
comparison, within 6%.
22
23. Other Considerations
• Power Dissipation – LED
components, multichip modules
and fixtures
• Solar Loading
• Heat Sink Materials - Copper,
Aluminum
• Interface Material – Grease, Phase
Change, Gap Pad
• Process – Cast, Skiving, Extrusions
23
24. Conclusion
• LED’s by their construction and application pose unique thermal
challenges.
• Proper thermal management a critical variable that can be
established and controlled in the design.
• Impedance diagrams are a helpful tool for understanding, modeling and
analyzing a thermal management problem.
• Always calculate/measure the junction temperature; Use the three
step approach to the analyze the problem (Analytical/
Computational/ Experimental)
• Measure the light efficiency or ask the supplier for input to have the real
dissipated power.
• Example did show good comparison between three methods
providing a solution right the first time.
LEDs can never be cool enough!!
24
25. Thank You
• For more information:
• www.qats.com
• http://www.qats.com/Applications/LED
-Applications
• Peter Resca – presca@qats.com
25