Antihypertensive drugs in pharmacology: There we see about the Introduction, Classification, Etiology & the one orally active antihypertensive drug Hydralazine. Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP).Antihypertensive : A type of drug used to treat high blood pressure.

1. Anti Hypertensive Drug
Presented By Mainak Saha

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Classification
• Etiology
• MOA Of Hydralazine
• Pharmacokinetics Of Hydralazine
• Adverse effects Of Hydralazine
• Drug Interaction
• References

3. Introduction
• Hypertension (HTN), also known as high blood
pressure (HBP), is a long term medical condition in
which the blood pressure in the arteries is
persistently elevated.
• Antihypertensive : A type of drug used to treat
high blood pressure.
• The Normal SBP will be 120 mmHg and DBP will
be 80 mmHg

4. Classification Of Antihypertension
ACE inhibitors
(captopril)
Calcium
blockers
(nifedipine)
Vasodilators
(hydralazine)
Diuretics
Adrenergic
receptor
antagonists
{ β-blockers, α-
blockers, α+β
blockers }
Renin inhibitor
(aliskiren)
Angiotensin II
receptor
antagonists
(losartan)

5. • Primary HTN: it is the elevation in BP without an identified cause. This
type is account for 80-90% of total cases.
• Secondary HTN: it is the elevation in BP with an exact cause. This type is
account for 5-10% of total cases.
• The causes of Secondary HTN includes
• Renal disease
• Endocrine disorders like Cushing's syndrome
• Neurological disorders like brain tumors and head injury
• Sleep apnea
• Medications like oral contraceptive pills, NSAID
Etiology

6. Vasodilators
Hydralazine
Hydralazine (1-hydrazinophthalazine) was one
of the first orally active antihypertensive drugs.
It is used for the management of essential
hypertension or severe hypertension
associated with conditions requiring heart
failure, and pre-eclampsia or eclampsia

7. MOA Of Hydralazine
Pharmacokinetics Of
Hydralazine
Hydralazine is well absorbed from GIT on oral
administration. It is metabolized in the liver by
acetylation. The plasma half-life of the drug is
approximately 1 hour, but the duration of
antihypertensive effect is long. It is excreted as
metabolites and very small amount of the drug.
Hydralazine cause direct relaxation of the blood vessels
by activating K+ channels thereby reducing peripheral
vascular resistance with a consequent fall BP

8. Adverse effects
Of
Hydralazine
• Reflex tachycardia
• Salt and water retention
• Vomiting
• Headache
• Skin rashes
Drug Interaction
Side effects of Hydralazine decreases when it is
given in conjunction With a diuretic and beta-
blockers.

9. 1. Rasheed. H.S , Qureshi . R A Textbook Of Pharmacology-II, B.Pharmacy 2019 Edition
2.Ratheesh R L ; Lecturer Murlidhar college of nursing, Rajkot
3. https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01275
References

10. Thank You