Patriotic Europeans Against the Islamisation of the West (PEGIDA) was founded in Dresden, Germany in 2014 by Lutz Bachmann as a Facebook group and weekly demonstrations. It has since expanded to demonstrations in other German cities. PEGIDA protests were criticized by German political leaders as promoting xenophobia. Surveys found typical PEGIDA protesters were middle-class, educated, employed males from Saxony around 48 years old. PEGIDA demonstrations used nationalist slogans and accused the media of lying.