Answer:
1).
TT and Tt
Parental genotypes are TT & Tt and as well as offspring genotypes are also TT & Tt.
2). Genes
Genes (factors) assort independently during formation of gametes
3). Round, yellow seeds only
RRYY x RrYy
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
4). Mendel
The present understanding of how inherited traits are passed between generations comes from
principles first proposed by Gregor Mendel.
5). Environmental conditions.
The characters determined by genes are transmitted from one generation to other whereas
characters determined by environmental conditions may or may not be inherited from one
generation to other.
6). Incomplete dominance
Red (RR) x White (rr)---parents
Pink (Rr) ----offspring
7). Codominance
Alleles that are masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some
situations, both alleles are expressed equally. A genetic scenario where neither allele is dominant
or recessive and both get expressed is known as codominance.
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
Solution
Answer:
1).
TT and Tt
Parental genotypes are TT & Tt and as well as offspring genotypes are also TT & Tt.
2). Genes
Genes (factors) assort independently during formation of gametes
3). Round, yellow seeds only
RRYY x RrYy
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
4). Mendel
The present understanding of how inherited traits are passed between generations comes from
principles first proposed by Gregor Mendel.
5). Environmental conditions.
The characters determined by genes are transmitted from one generation to other whereas
characters determined by environmental conditions may or may not be inherited from one
generation to other.
6). Incomplete dominance
Red (RR) x White (rr)---parents
Pink (Rr) ----offspring
7). Codominance
Alleles that are masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some
situations, both alleles are expressed equally. A genetic scenario where neither allele is dominant
or recessive and both get expressed is known as codominance.
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow).
Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Though heredity had been observed for millennia, Gregor Mendel, Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.
Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. In science and especially in mathematical studies, a variational principle is one that enables a problem to be solved using calculus of variations, which concerns finding functions that optimize the values of quantities that depend on those functions.
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heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
heredity and evolution class
PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher .pdfmailadmin1
PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher is the tendency to accept H+ and
produce OH-
Solution
PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher is the tendency to accept H+ and
produce OH-.
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Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms. Though heredity had been observed for millennia, Gregor Mendel, Moravian scientist and Augustinian friar working in the 19th century in Brno, was the first to study genetics scientifically. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring over time. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.
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Notes for hereditynsksjsvsksvsksvjsvsjsvsusgsgdvhsvsusgsusvduvdudgudgdusvudgdushushshsgjsjsjsksjisjdjdjdjdjjdhdjnjhjjjxjdjdkndjcmdhzlbsisbsisbisbsjzjzjzjsjsjsusvshsnxjzjsjsjjzjzjzjzjzjznzkbKBKNzjjzjzjznxnzkzkjzjzkznjxjzjsjKNMnxjzjskakakjajzbzjzbjzbzjzbzjbajbajajsjjsjsjskajksjzjzjznjsjsjsjsnsksbjsbsjshkabakabsisbhdjsjzjzksbkabsisbsksbjsbakabiabsjsnanbaiabaihaajakabiabajabisbakakakkaisjdkssjksajjsjsksjksjsksjsjjsjnjhkvkfjhhhhjsjdjsksnisbsihsjdhdjdhdjhdjsbalabksbsksnsksbsosjjsjsksjsksnksbsjsbjsbdhdnskskjshdhdhdksjjsbdhdjsjehushdydu゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・（／。＼）・゜゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟ゜・．（ｉДｉ）｡：ﾟj
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PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher .pdfmailadmin1
PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher is the tendency to accept H+ and
produce OH-
Solution
PO4 -3 Because Higher is the -ve charge,higher is the tendency to accept H+ and
produce OH-.
If the pH is in between 1 to 3 it is more acidic .pdfmailadmin1
If the pH is in between 1 to 3 it is more acidic If it is between 4 to 6.9 , it is weak
acidic So pH = 2 is more acidic
Solution
If the pH is in between 1 to 3 it is more acidic If it is between 4 to 6.9 , it is weak
acidic So pH = 2 is more acidic.
Hydrophobic interactions between the hydrocarbon .pdfmailadmin1
Hydrophobic interactions between the hydrocarbon chains in the fat and the
ethanol.
Solution
Hydrophobic interactions between the hydrocarbon chains in the fat and the
ethanol..
Macroevolution1. Huge changes occurs. Examples are adaptive radia.pdfmailadmin1
Macroevolution:
1. Huge changes occurs. Examples are adaptive radiation, genetic divergence etc.
2. Change or evolution between species.Level of species or above species.
3. Overtime results in formation of new groups be it species or family etc.
Microevolution:
1. Through natural selection which is due to changes in environment.
2. Level is below species level and results in formation of new species or various populations.
3. Geographical races or subspecies are its products.
Solution
Macroevolution:
1. Huge changes occurs. Examples are adaptive radiation, genetic divergence etc.
2. Change or evolution between species.Level of species or above species.
3. Overtime results in formation of new groups be it species or family etc.
Microevolution:
1. Through natural selection which is due to changes in environment.
2. Level is below species level and results in formation of new species or various populations.
3. Geographical races or subspecies are its products..
WikiLeaks releases 19,252 emails and 8,034 attachments from the top .pdfmailadmin1
WikiLeaks releases 19,252 emails and 8,034 attachments from the top of the US Democratic
National Committee -- part one of our new Hillary Leaks series. The leaks come from the
accounts of seven key figures in the DNC: Communications Director Luis Miranda (10770
emails), National Finance Director Jordon Kaplan (3797 emails), Finance Chief of Staff Scott
Comer (3095 emails), Finanace Director of Data & Strategic Initiatives Daniel Parrish (1472
emails), Finance Director Allen Zachary (1611 emails), Senior Advisor Andrew Wright (938
emails) and Northern California Finance Director Robert (Erik) Stowe (751 emails). So by
keeping those valuable information in public there may be a chance of acquiring that data by
different threats from different sides and give counter attacks on us.
Solution
WikiLeaks releases 19,252 emails and 8,034 attachments from the top of the US Democratic
National Committee -- part one of our new Hillary Leaks series. The leaks come from the
accounts of seven key figures in the DNC: Communications Director Luis Miranda (10770
emails), National Finance Director Jordon Kaplan (3797 emails), Finance Chief of Staff Scott
Comer (3095 emails), Finanace Director of Data & Strategic Initiatives Daniel Parrish (1472
emails), Finance Director Allen Zachary (1611 emails), Senior Advisor Andrew Wright (938
emails) and Northern California Finance Director Robert (Erik) Stowe (751 emails). So by
keeping those valuable information in public there may be a chance of acquiring that data by
different threats from different sides and give counter attacks on us..
The period between 30 to 70 years can be defined as midlife. During .pdfmailadmin1
The period between 30 to 70 years can be defined as midlife. During this period, men and
women alike face varied challenges in terms of personal, professional and economical, which
makes the researchers categorised this timeline as midlife crisis.
Men and women are affected to a different degree to midlife crisis, with women reporting higher
level of stress as they must balance work and home. However, men suffer from this phenomenon
of gender expansion, where they feel they will become more like their father and their wives
more their mothers.
Socioeconomic condition also play a key role, as in the people belonging to lower educational
category tend to rate their stresses at a higher level as compared to people belonging to higher
educational category.
In a broad category, midlife crisis manifests itself in different ways for different people.
Moreover, people have adopted different mechanism to deal with it, like taking up sports of their
liking, travelling, or developing a hobby, etc..
Solution
The period between 30 to 70 years can be defined as midlife. During this period, men and
women alike face varied challenges in terms of personal, professional and economical, which
makes the researchers categorised this timeline as midlife crisis.
Men and women are affected to a different degree to midlife crisis, with women reporting higher
level of stress as they must balance work and home. However, men suffer from this phenomenon
of gender expansion, where they feel they will become more like their father and their wives
more their mothers.
Socioeconomic condition also play a key role, as in the people belonging to lower educational
category tend to rate their stresses at a higher level as compared to people belonging to higher
educational category.
In a broad category, midlife crisis manifests itself in different ways for different people.
Moreover, people have adopted different mechanism to deal with it, like taking up sports of their
liking, travelling, or developing a hobby, etc...
In various cases we required to specify the abstract syntax in the f.pdfmailadmin1
In various cases we required to specify the abstract syntax in the form of various sequence of
symbols enclosed in the parentheses. And for the conversion of the prefix list to the abstract
syntax, we are basically writting different parsers based on our needs.
Solution
In various cases we required to specify the abstract syntax in the form of various sequence of
symbols enclosed in the parentheses. And for the conversion of the prefix list to the abstract
syntax, we are basically writting different parsers based on our needs..
An anti-codon is found on tRNA and codes for UGA .pdfmailadmin1
An anti-codon is found on tRNA and codes for UGA which is the only stop codon
Solution
An anti-codon is found on tRNA and codes for UGA which is the only stop codon.
Keq = 1(Partial pressure)so2Na2O does not come in the expression .pdfmailadmin1
Keq = 1/(Partial pressure)so2
Na2O does not come in the expression because its a solid and partial pressure for the solid is
negligible or we can say its activity is equal to 1
Solution
Keq = 1/(Partial pressure)so2
Na2O does not come in the expression because its a solid and partial pressure for the solid is
negligible or we can say its activity is equal to 1.
George Washington famous quotes on freedom of speech state that if f.pdfmailadmin1
George Washington famous quotes on freedom of speech state that if freedom of speech is taken
away; there is the possibility that the world will be led dumb and in a silent way, just the same
way sheep is led to a slaughter
house. It was after recognition of human rights that freedom of speech was spelt out, with an
aim of protecting
the fundamental freedoms of human beings. There are many who have learnt to misuse the
words !freedom of speech\" and they use the words to harm others. The words !freedom of
speech\" have become a norm in the society that want to misuse the very words that were
formulated to protect them. The world\'s freedom of speech has evolved over the years and in the
US, freedom of speech and the rights that individuals have when it comes to speech, are clearly
stated in the 1st and 4th amendments as a right to express facts and opinions on a subject matter
only to reasonable limitation (Alexander & Horton,2003).
The most precious possession that we have as human beings is that freedom to eXpress
ourselves on matters of interest to us, for many centuries, people have fought and even died for
freedom, and this is still continuing today in the today1s society. George Orwell made a strong
argument about freedom of speech, where he talked about denial of freedom of speech resulting
to !no thinking society\". Further,he talked about lacking of freedom resulting into stagnationthat
destroys the human mind, creativity, potential and retards the deVelopment of the meaningful
relationship between man with himself as well as with others. however, there are strong reasons
behind the need to control and regulate freedom of speech as it is destroying the society (Van
Mill, 2002)
The most significant concern is the use of freedom of speech to harm others. In the society today
people are
using political arenas or the society platform in general to hurt others. It is better to have
freedom that stem
from a full, creative life that satisfies us as a people and can lead to the betterment and the
growth of the society.
What distinguishes man from the lower life forms is the ability to think and to speak. Thus, I
believe the denial of the basic freedoms is the denial of the humanity of man. The reason being,
as long as the repressive imposition of conditions takes place; there is a likelihood that thought
process functionality hindrance takes over thesociety (Van Mill, 2002).
If the society, for instance, muzzles the press and the freedom of opinion gets equated to awrong
in the society,
thinking becomes forbidden and the society by doing so paves way for stagnation. There is more
to life than just physical possessions of luxury items of non-essential comforts of life.It is
freedom of speech that is fundamental to the very freedom of human beingsand the functioning
of democracy (Van Mill, 2002).
Freedom of speech is at times a source of evil through the teeth of people that speak about their
teaching and
spread hate words using insensitive wo.
CSF( cerebrospinal fluid) rhinorrhea is the drainage of fluid surrou.pdfmailadmin1
CSF( cerebrospinal fluid) rhinorrhea is the drainage of fluid surrounding the brain into nose , it
may be due to head injury or small tear in membrane surrounding brain if remain untreated lead
to meningitis.Passage in the anterior cranial fossa floor or middle cranial fossa floor provide a
route for drainage of CSF to nose.
Solution
CSF( cerebrospinal fluid) rhinorrhea is the drainage of fluid surrounding the brain into nose , it
may be due to head injury or small tear in membrane surrounding brain if remain untreated lead
to meningitis.Passage in the anterior cranial fossa floor or middle cranial fossa floor provide a
route for drainage of CSF to nose..
color of most salts containing the copper (II) ion impart blue or gr.pdfmailadmin1
color of most salts containing the copper (II) ion impart blue or green
olor of most salts containing the nickel (II) ion in anhydrous is yellow and hydrated will be green
Solution
color of most salts containing the copper (II) ion impart blue or green
olor of most salts containing the nickel (II) ion in anhydrous is yellow and hydrated will be green.
AnswerTransport of Na+ and K+ mediated by the carrier protein (Na.pdfmailadmin1
Answer:
Transport of Na+ and K+ mediated by the carrier protein (Na+/K+ ATPase) through primary
active transport against their concentration gradient in the plasma membrane of animal cells. The
Na+/K+ ATPase located in the plasma membrane is responsible for the coupled movement of
Na+ and K+ into and out of the cell, respectively. The steps involved after Na+ has been released
into the extracellular fluid are:
In the E1 conformation, the protein Na+/K+ ATPase has three high-affinity Na+-binding sites
and two low-affinity K+-binding sites on the cytosolic-facing surface of the protein.
The Km for binding of Na+ to these cytosolic sites is considerably lower than the intracellular
Na+ concentration, as a result, Na+ ions normally will fill these sites.
However, the affinity of the cytosolic K+-binding sites is low enough that K+ ions, transported
inward through the protein, dissociate from E1 into the cytosol despite the high intracellular K+
concentration.
During the E1E2 transition, the three bound Na+ ions move outward through the protein.
Transition to the E2 conformation also generates two high-affinity K+ sites and three low-
affinity Na+ sites on the exoplasmic face.
In contrast, the three Na+ ions, transported outward through the protein, will dissociate into the
extracellular medium from the low-affinity Na+ sites on the exoplasmic surface despite the high
extracellular Na+ concentration.
Similarly, during the E2E1 transition, the two bound K+ ions are transported inward.
The overall process of transport moves three Na+ ions out of and two K+ ions into the cell per
ATP molecule split
Solution
Answer:
Transport of Na+ and K+ mediated by the carrier protein (Na+/K+ ATPase) through primary
active transport against their concentration gradient in the plasma membrane of animal cells. The
Na+/K+ ATPase located in the plasma membrane is responsible for the coupled movement of
Na+ and K+ into and out of the cell, respectively. The steps involved after Na+ has been released
into the extracellular fluid are:
In the E1 conformation, the protein Na+/K+ ATPase has three high-affinity Na+-binding sites
and two low-affinity K+-binding sites on the cytosolic-facing surface of the protein.
The Km for binding of Na+ to these cytosolic sites is considerably lower than the intracellular
Na+ concentration, as a result, Na+ ions normally will fill these sites.
However, the affinity of the cytosolic K+-binding sites is low enough that K+ ions, transported
inward through the protein, dissociate from E1 into the cytosol despite the high intracellular K+
concentration.
During the E1E2 transition, the three bound Na+ ions move outward through the protein.
Transition to the E2 conformation also generates two high-affinity K+ sites and three low-
affinity Na+ sites on the exoplasmic face.
In contrast, the three Na+ ions, transported outward through the protein, will dissociate into the
extracellular medium from the low-affinity Na+ sites on the exoplasmic surface .
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Answer1).TT and TtParental genotypes are TT & Tt and as well .pdf
1. Answer:
1).
TT and Tt
Parental genotypes are TT & Tt and as well as offspring genotypes are also TT & Tt.
2). Genes
Genes (factors) assort independently during formation of gametes
3). Round, yellow seeds only
RRYY x RrYy
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
4). Mendel
The present understanding of how inherited traits are passed between generations comes from
principles first proposed by Gregor Mendel.
5). Environmental conditions.
The characters determined by genes are transmitted from one generation to other whereas
characters determined by environmental conditions may or may not be inherited from one
generation to other.
6). Incomplete dominance
Red (RR) x White (rr)---parents
Pink (Rr) ----offspring
7). Codominance
Alleles that are masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some
situations, both alleles are expressed equally. A genetic scenario where neither allele is dominant
or recessive and both get expressed is known as codominance.
RY
Ry
2. rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
Solution
Answer:
1).
TT and Tt
Parental genotypes are TT & Tt and as well as offspring genotypes are also TT & Tt.
2). Genes
Genes (factors) assort independently during formation of gametes
3). Round, yellow seeds only
RRYY x RrYy
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
4). Mendel
The present understanding of how inherited traits are passed between generations comes from
principles first proposed by Gregor Mendel.
5). Environmental conditions.
The characters determined by genes are transmitted from one generation to other whereas
characters determined by environmental conditions may or may not be inherited from one
generation to other.
6). Incomplete dominance
3. Red (RR) x White (rr)---parents
Pink (Rr) ----offspring
7). Codominance
Alleles that are masked or hidden by dominant alleles are known as recessive alleles. In some
situations, both alleles are expressed equally. A genetic scenario where neither allele is dominant
or recessive and both get expressed is known as codominance.
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RY
RRYY (Round, yellow)
RRYy (Round, yellow)
RrYY (Round, yellow)
RrYy (Round, yellow)
