Answer True or False to the following statements Colony is forme.pdf
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Answer \"True or False\" to the following statements Colony is formed from a large number of bacterial cells. Both spread-plate and pour plate methods will only yield pure culture. Turbidometeric methods count only live cells. Increase in turbidity is an index of bacterial growth and biomass. The primary stain of the gram\'s staining reaction is called safranin. The secondary/counter stain of the grams staining reaction is methylene blue. Gram positive cells have an extra layer in the cell component. Carbolfuchsin is used in staining acid fast organisms. Nucleic acids usually bind to basic dyes. Blood agar medium is an enrichment medium instead of a selective medium. A clone consists different kinds of bacteria. A pure culture can be formed from streaked plate method. Solution Group of bacteria grow on solid media called as colony. Hence colony formed by large number of bacterial cells. True statement. Spread plate method gives the pure culture. Pour plating dose not gives the pure culture , used for quantitative urine cultures.meny methods are there for isolation of pure culture example, enrichment media, selective media, indicator media, pretreatment, inoculation etc. Hence false statement. Turbidometry counts both live and dead cells. Hence false statement. True statement, increased turbidity index for bacterial growth and biomass. False, safranine is used for counter staining ,but not for primary staining. False, methylene blue is used for primary staining not for secondary staining. False statement, cell wall of positive bacteria has peptidoglycon layer and techoic acid. Gram negative has, lipopolysaccharides, outer membrane, lipoproteins and peptidoglycon. True statement, carbolfuchsin used for staining acid fast organisms. True statement, nucleic acids bind to basic dyes. True statement, blood agar is not selective media. False statement, clone consis of similar bacteria. True statement, streak culture or surface plating is used in pure culture..
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causes both chickenpox and shingles, frequently cause either torment, rash, or both in an
example characterized by a dermatome.
Shingles: it is one of the main maladies that causes a rash in a dermatomal design, and all things
considered, this is its characterizing side effect. The rash of shingles is quite often confined to a
particular dermatome, for example, on the trunk, leg, or arm created by the remaining varicella
zoster infection disease of the nerve that provisions that region of skin. Shingles normally shows
up years or decades after recuperation from chickenpox..
describe the definitions of substrate, enzyme active site and its ge.pdf
describe the definitions of substrate, enzyme active site and its general characteristics, and
apoand
holo-enzymes.
· describe the fact that enzyme catalysis is specific in terms of the type of reaction and the exact
substrate structure.
· Explain the difference in the “lock-and-key’ model and the induced fit model of enzyme
substrate interaction.
· describe that reaction rate constant thus reaction rate is dependent on the activation energy.
· describe the relationship between the energy of the transition state and the activation energy.
· describe the relative binding affinity of a substrate and its transition state to the enzyme.
· Explain how enzymes speed up reaction rate, i.e., how do enzymes lower the activation
energy. Note: Factors other than preferential stabilization of transition state also contribute to
increased
reaction rate. They include 1) enzymes placing one substrate (reactant) next to the other substrate
(reactant)
so that the reaction is no longer dependent on the collision rate of the two substrates; 2) enzymes
sequester the
substrate(s), minimizing solvent competition thus speeding up the reaction; 3) in enzyme
complexes with each
enzyme catalyzing one step in a multi-step reaction sequence, the product of one reaction is fed
to the active site
of another enzyme for the next step without the product diffusing away from the enzyme
complex thereby
increasing reaction rate.
· describe the Michaelis-Menten equation relating the initial velocity to total substrate
concentration.
· describe the assumptions that went into the derivation of the Michaelis-Menten equation. ([E]
is constant, steady state assumption, etc)
· describe the relationship between Vmax and kcat and the fact that kcat is a constant for a given
enzyme and substrate at a given temperature and solution condition; whereas Vmax can differ
for a given enzyme and substrate at a given temperature and solution condition, depending
on the enzyme concentration.
· describe the definition of Kd (equilibrium dissociation constant for ES into E and S).
· describe the relationship between Kd and the affinity of substrate for the enzyme, i.e., the
higher the Kd, the weaker the binding between E and S.
· describe the relationship between Kd and Km, i.e., in general, the higher the Kd, the higher
theKm.
· Use the Michaelis-Menten equation and the relationship between Vmax and kcat to do
calculations.
· describe the other names for the catalytic rate constant, kcat (i.e., the turn over number; also
called krelease) and why it is so called (kcat reports on per unit time per enzyme molecule the
number of product molecules formed/released, thus the name turnover number or krelease).
· Determine Vmax and Km using both the Michaelis-Menten plot (initial velocity versus [S]) and
the Lineweaver-Burk Plot (the double reciprocal plot), given the data of initial velocity and
[S].
· Draw the Michaelis-Menten plot AND the double reciprocal plot (Lineweaver Burk), given
the Vmax and Km va.
You have subnetted a Class A address space of 17.0.0.0 using a subne.pdf
You have subnetted a Class A address space of 17.0.0.0 using a subnet mask of 255.248.0.0.
Which of the following addresses are useable host addresses for the second subnet?
A. 17.0.8.255
B. 17.0.14.255
C. 17.0.11.255
D. 17.0.15.255
E. 17.0.19.255
Solution
A, B, and C are correct. The magic number created by the 255.248.0.0 subnet mask is 8 (in the
second octet). The second subnet is 17.8.0.0, with a useable range of 17.8.0.1 to 17.15.254.
D and E are incorrect. 17.0.15.255 and 17.0.19.255 do not fall within the useable range..
write a MATLAB function to implement Continues-time Fourier Transfor.pdf
write a MATLAB function to implement Continues-time Fourier Transform and inverse-Fourier
Transform
Solution
Continuos time Fourier Transform
>> dt = 0.001;
>> t = 0:dt:2*2*pi;
>> x = cos(t);
>> f = fftshift(fft(x));
>> N = length(f);
>> n = -(N-1)/2:(N-1)/2;
>> w = 2*pi*n/N/dt;
>> f = f ./ N;
>> stem(w,real(f));
>> axis([-10 10 -1 1]);.
Write a hypothesis from the following observation. a. Every April, f.pdf
Write a hypothesis from the following observation. a. Every April, farmers along the
Chesapeake Bay apply fertilizers to their land to prepare for the planting season. In May every
year, thousands of fish are found floating in the Bay. b. Pacific white-sided dolphins utilize
many modalities to communicate with one another. On clear, sunny days, these dolphins will
slap their tails on the water to indicate their position to their partner or offspring. On foggy days,
clicks and whistles are used.
Solution
a. Chesapeake Bay
2..
What were the outstanding accomplishments of the Byzantine empire un.pdf
What were the outstanding accomplishments of the Byzantine empire under Justinian and
Theodora\'s rule? What was Theodora\'s role in the governance of Constantinople? What was
unusual about her role, for the time? In what ways did they preserve the culture of the Roman
Empire and help solidify the importance and expansion of Christianity?
Solution
the nearly 40 year region of emperor justunian and held extensive territorial expansion and
military success along with new synthesis of greco roman and christiac cluture seen at all levels
of byzantine cluture as justinian\'s rise to imperial power began in 527 with his appoinment as co
emperor to justin I his uncle who died later in that same year his sole rule was characterized by
profound efforts to strengthen the empire and return the state to its former glory to this end
justinian drew upon administrators and counselors from outside the aristocratic class .his own
modest origins along with his selection of these court members and contributed to its lasting
tensions with byzantine nobility .Popular outrage at justinians policies crystalized in conquer in
the hippodrome of constantinople during the period of jan 11 - 19 ,532 as the period of civil
unrest resulted in burning of several religious and imperial buildings including constantinople
catherdal the fourth century church of hagia sophia ie the church of holy wisdom god and the
church of piece and gate to the imperial palace as the resulting damaged into the constantinople
palatine and religious center at southeastern end of the city it would allow justinian an
opportunity for extensive rebuilding in the following years .
In the religious sphere justininan took leading role in shaping search policy as an adamant
defender of christian orthodoxy as he fought to extinguish the last vestiges of greeco paganism to
root out manichaens and smaritans and to oppose competing christian sects including the arians
and the monophysites . in foreign policy justinian sought to recover regions lost to foreign
invaders particularly germanic tribes in italy and north africa he thus launched one of the most
aggressive military programs in medival history . justinian region is further disinguished by an
exceptional record of archietectural and artistic patronage and production as justinians
archietectural efforts in the capital are memorized in the treatise of on the buildings as the
rebuilding of the church of wisdom from 532 to 537 was paramount achievment of justin
building campaigns as the capital cathedral and the most important church during the empires
long history as the church of wisdom ie hagia spohia rebuit by justinian set a standard in
monumental building and doomed archietecture that would have lasting effect on the history of
byzantine archietecture and the church designers anthemis of tralles and isidorus of miletus are
among the few byzantine archietectures whose names have been recorded and their training in
engineering and mathematics was es.
What is genetic drift O Achange in allele frequencies caused by rand.pdf
What is genetic drift? O Achange in allele frequencies caused by random events O The motion
of continental plates over time O The physical splitting of a habitat O The production of an
evolutionarily independent group of organisms Submit Hints My Answers Give Up Review Part
Part B Why are the large finches now living on the Galapagos lslands different from the original
source population from a nearby island? O All three answers are correct. O Natural selection
favored individuals that were more fit in the new environment. o The separation of
habitatsteduced gene flow between the populations. O Genetic drift occurred in the two
populations. Submit Hints My Answers Give Up Review Part Part C True or false? The last ice
age produced many different species mainly because populations dispersed and colonized new
habitats. True False Submit Hints My Answers Give up Review Part a CBOO
Solution
Part A: (a)A change in allele frequencies caused by random events. These random events will
cause only a particular type of population to survive in harsh conditions. Therefore, genetic drift
cna be considered as beneficial in most of the cases.
Part B: (a) All three answers are correct. Gentic drift, gene flow, natural selection along with
mutation are various modes of evolutionary process. Therefore, large finches have evolved
because of natural selection, gene glow and genetic drift and are different and now living on
Galapagos islands than from original source population.
Part C (b) False. The last ice age produced many different species because of ice sheets or
glaciers being seperated from each other. The seperation of these ice sheets showed population
dispersion. The Ice age is also called as Last Glacial period.
Part D (c) Reinforcement is a type of natural selection. Here a particular group of popluation
with extreme traits are preferred over intermediate traits.
Part E (a) The population will not be able to interbreed because they are different species. Here
the population moves from one habitat to nearby island and gets acclimatized to the
environmental condition. When the birds are reproductivey isolated means they can interbreed
among their own species, so even when they have moved back to original habitat, they will not
be able to interbreed.
Part F (a) Increased fitness of large beaked birds, leading to natural selection. Natural selection is
the means of evolution, with changes in heritable traits over time, to survive in harsh
environmental conditions.
Part G (a) True. Because Allopatric speciation occurs when population of same species are
isolated from each other to an extent that prevents genetic interchange. Also vicariance in the
case of frog may result in this allopatric speciation..
What are some characteristics associated with effective project .pdf
What are some characteristics associated with effective project teams ? Can the same be said for
an effective couple, orchestra, or professional sports team ? Why or why not ?
What are some characteristics associated with effective project teams ? Can the same be said for
an effective couple, orchestra, or professional sports team ? Why or why not ?
What are some characteristics associated with effective project teams ? Can the same be said for
an effective couple, orchestra, or professional sports team ? Why or why not ?
Solution
Characteristics associated with effective project teams is explained below-
They work as Team Players-they work together and help each other to meet the goals of project.
They Are Self-Starters- Effective project team members take initiative to start a project from
starting, and make solid plan together.
They Are Influential- Members of an effective project team have positive influence over their
partner. They persuade community members, superiors and subordinates who could be helpful to
the project.
They Are Dependable-they are reliable, responsible and accountable.
They Are Committed-Team members are highly committed to organization as well as the
project.
Professional sports team also behave as a team player. They play together to win the game. They
make strategies and set plan together to play good. The captain of the team shows faith among all
team members..
We have discussed outliers for several times during the semester. Wh.pdf
We have discussed outliers for several times during the semester. Why should a researcher care
about outliers in their data? Your task is to give two reasons why researchers need to be mindful
of outliers in their datasets, and explain your reasoning for those two reasons.
Solution
Outliers are the data points which are far away from the actual data set.
Researchers should always be careful about the outliers becasuse:
a) Outliers sometimes indicate that they belong to a different population and have completly
different properties.
b)Outliers should be studied with attention as they may not occur due to sampling error always.
Before discarding outliers reseasrchers should study well..
2. External events include all of the following except Purchasing equ.pdf
2. External events include all of the following except Purchasing equipment. O Collecting an
account receivable. O Paying rent O Using office supplies.
Solution
Using office supplies is not an external event. Supplies have already been purchased so it does
not involve an external transaction. Option 4 is correct.
The Missequa Valley Protectors understand groundwater is a great dri .pdf
The document discusses comparing and contrasting the recharge and threats to two types of aquifers - the unconsolidated unconfined (UU) aquifer and the consolidated confined (CC) aquifer. The UU aquifer is recharged by groundwater seepage and shallow wells, while the CC aquifer is recharged through rock fractures, springs, and deep wells. Potential threats to the UU aquifer include pollution and population change, while threats to the CC aquifer include population growth, land use change, deforestation, and climate change.
The If and IF else are a pair of commands in the Arduino Processing .pdf
The If and IF else are a pair of commands in the Arduino Processing language that handle:
Solution
The If and IF else are a pair of commands in the Arduino Processing language that handle:
IF (conditional) and ==, !=, <, > (comparison operators/functions)
IF function, which is used in conjunction with a comparison operator, to tests whether a certain
condition has been reached or matched, such as an input being above a certain number. The
format for an if test is:
x = 70
IF (variable > x )
IF else.
The duct from an expanded chamber called the node truck A substance t.pdf
The duct from an expanded chamber called the node truck A substance that provides an
response is called a (n) complement T is so _ as B is to _. Bottom None of the answers is correct.
Which of these statements about lymph flow in a node is false? Lymph enters in an afferent
Lymph first enters the space. Lymph flows past cells. The efferent exits at the helium. The
altered lymphatic enters at the helium. _ are Large lymphoid modules that are located in the
walls of the pharynx. Tonsils Payer\'s patches Lymph nodes complexes Spleens
Solution
24. E) cisterna chyli.
It is a dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct. The lymph from intestinal tuck and two
lumbar lymphatic trunks flow into the cisterna chlyli.
25. E) Antigen.
Antigen can induce immune response because it is treated a foreign body and our cells respond
to it by producing antibodies against it.
26. B) thymus dependent, bone marrow derived
The T –cells are matured in Thymus, so called as Thymus dependent.
The B- cells are produced and matured in bone marrow .
27. E) The afferent lymphatics enter at the hilum.
28. E) Tonsils.
It is a small lymphoid tissue that is located in the lateral walls of the opening between the mouth
and the pharynx.
Suppose you have a method triPartition, whose documentation is given.pdf
Suppose you have a method triPartition, whose documentation is given as follows:
/* triPartition: Given TWO pivots, pivot1 and pivot2,
* partition an unsorted list into THREE pieces.
*
* Details: Partition unsorted[start]...unsorted[end-1] into
* <--smalls--><--mediums--><--bigs-->
* where smalls = elements < pivot1 (in no particular order)
* = unsorted[start]...unsorted[pivot1Posn]
* mediums = elements < pivot2 and >= pivot1 (in no
* particular order).
* = unsorted[pivot1Posn+1]...unsorted[pivot2Posn]
* bigs = elements >= pivot2 (in no particular order)
* = unsorted[pivot2Posn+1]...unsorted[end-1]
* pivot1 is in its correct position in the sorted list
* = unsorted[pivot1Posn].
* pivot2 is in its correct position in the sorted list
* = unsorted[pivot2Posn].
* assumes: start + 2 <= end (unsorted has at least two elements)
* @param unsorted
* IN: Array unsorted contains the integers to be partitioned.
* pivot1 and pivot2 are already in unsorted[start] and
* unsorted[start+1] (note that pivot1 <= pivot2).
* OUT: unsorted is partitioned into
* <--smalls--><--mediums--><--BIGS-->
* @param start
* Index in unsorted defining the sublist to be partitioned.
* unsorted[start] ... unsorted[end-1] is to be partitioned.
* @param end
* Index in unsorted defining the sublist to be partitioned.
* unsorted[start] ... unsorted[end-1] is to be partitioned.
* @returns an object of type Pair, with two public (int) fields:
* - pivot1Posn : the position of pivot1
* - pivot2Posn : the position of pivot2
*/
The code for the Pair class is:
public class Pair {
public int pivot1Posn;
public int pivot2Posn;
}
QUESTION:
Write a recursive quicksort method that uses the method triPartition to sort an
array of ints. You may assume the existence of a swap method, if necessary.
Solution
public static void QuickSort_Recursive(int[] arr, int left, int right)
{
// For Recusrion
if(left < right)
{
int pivot = Partition(arr, left, right);
if(pivot > 1)
QuickSort_Recursive(arr, left, pivot - 1);
if(pivot + 1 < right)
QuickSort_Recursive(arr, pivot + 1, right);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int[] numbers = { 3, 8, 7, 5, 2, 1, 9, 6, 4 };
int len = 9;
System.out.println(\"QuickSort By Recursive Method\");
QuickSort_Recursive(numbers, 0, len - 1);
for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
System.out.println(numbers[i]);
System.out.println();
}
}.
Task Write a Java program to implement a simple graphics editor tha.pdf
Task: Write a Java program to implement a simple graphics editor that can be used to draw a
Pythagoras. The editor has a pull-down menu on top of the screen, with 2 buttons: \"Pythagoras\"
and \"Quit\". 1) When the user selects \"Pythagoras\", he/she can draw a tree of Pythagoras on
the screen. 2) The editor terminates/quits execution if the user selects \"Quit\" from the pulldown
menu. 3) The editor has a horizontal and a vertical sliding bar that when slided, moves the tree
on the canvas accordingly.
Solution
HOpe this will help--
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
public class MenuExp extends JFrame {
public MenuExp() {
setTitle(\"Menu Example\");
setSize(150, 150);
JSlider framesPerSecond = new JSlider(JSlider.VERTICAL,FPS_MIN, FPS_MAX,
FPS_INIT);
framesPerSecond.addChangeListener(this);
JSlider framesPerSecond1= new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL,FPS_MIN, FPS_MAX,
FPS_INIT);
framesPerSecond1.addChangeListener(this);
// Creates a menubar for a JFrame
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
// Add the menubar to the frame
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
// Define and add two drop down menu to the menubar
JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu(\"Process\");
menuBar.add(fileMenu);
// Create and add simple menu item to one of the drop down menu
JMenuItem newAction = new JMenuItem(\"Pythagoras\");
JMenuItem openAction = new JMenuItem(\"Quit\");
fileMenu.add(newAction);
fileMenu.add(openAction);
newAction.addActionListner(new PythagorusListener());
openAction.addActionListner(new CloseListener());
// Add a listener to the New menu item. actionPerformed() method will
// invoked, if user triggred this menu item
newAction.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.out.println(\"You have clicked on the new action\");
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MenuExp me = new MenuExp();
me.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
me.setVisible(true);
}
}
public class CloseListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//DO SOMETHING
System.exit(0);
}
}
public class PythagorusListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
setSize(900, 900);
setTitle(\"Pythagoras tree\");
add(new Draw(n));
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
}
}
class Draw extends JComponent {
private int height = 800;
private int width = 800;
private int steps;
public Draw(int n) {
steps = n;
Dimension d = new Dimension(width, height);
setMinimumSize(d);
setPreferredSize(d);
setMaximumSize(d);
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
g.setColor(Color.black);
int x1, x2, x3, y1, y2, y3;
int base = width/7;
x1 = (width/2)-(base/2);
x2 = (width/2)+(base/2);
x3 = w.
A CALLING MODEMA calling modem transmits each data bit 1 as a 1270.pdf
A CALLING MODEM
A calling modem transmits each data bit 1 as a 1270 hertz tone lasting one time unit, and each
data bit 0 as a 1070 hertz tone .
Write a program that displays and writes to an output file messages indicating the tones that
would be emitted for the input data , a file of zeros and ones separated by spaces. The messages
should take the form:
Emit____ -hz tone for ___________ time unit(s).
Be sure to prompt the user for file names.
input file:
1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
output:
Emit 1270-hz tone for 1 time unit(s).
Emit 1070-hz tone for 4 time units(s).
Emit 1270-hr tone for 2 time units(s).
Solution
//This is a C code. It takes an \"output.txt\" as input.
#include
int main(void)
{
FILE *fp;
char c;
int i,count1=0,count0=0;
fp = fopen(\"output.txt\", \"r\"); // error check this!
while((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
if (c == \'1\') {
if(count0!=0)
{
printf(\"Emit 1070-hz tone for %d time unit(s).\ \",count0);
count0=0;
}
count1++;
}
if(c == \'0\')
{
if(count1!=0)
{
printf(\"Emit 1270-hz tone for %d time unit(s).\ \",count1);
count1=0;
}
count0++;
}
}
if(count1!=0)
{
printf(\"Emit 1270-hz tone for %d time unit(s).\ \",count1);
count1=0;
}
if(count0!=0)
{
printf(\"Emit 1070-hz tone for %d time unit(s).\ \",count0);
count0=0;
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}.
Show that L = {a^k k is a square} is not regular.SolutionLet .pdf
Show that L = {a^k | k is a square} is not regular.
Solution
Let p be the pumping length for the language. Let s = a^(p^2), according to pumping lemma s
can be divided in to three parts xyz such that
1) |xy|<=P
2) |y| > 0
3) xy^iz belongs to L.
As |xy|<=p which implies |y|<=p lets assumes y = a^j where j<=p, lets consider xy^2z which will
be a^(p2+j).
p^2 + j <= p^2 + p < p^2 + 2p + 1 < (p+1)^2. Hence xy^2z does not belong to L. Therefore it is
not a regular language..
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Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Mule event processing models | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #47
Event Link:- https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-mule-event-processing-models/
Agenda
● What is event processing in MuleSoft?
● Types of event processing models in Mule 4
● Distinction between the reactive, parallel, blocking & non-blocking processing
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
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