This annual progress report summarizes the key activities and achievements of the Livelihoods and Forestry Programme (LFP) between July 2007 and July 2008. The LFP works in 15 districts across Nepal, including 5 districts in the Mid-Western Region (Dang, Salyan, Pyuthan, Rolpa and Rukum). During the reporting period, the LFP supported community forestry user groups with bottom-up planning, nursery seedlings, and forest management. It also increased social, human, physical, natural, and financial assets for poor and excluded groups. The LFP enhanced beneficiaries' voice, influence, and agency through capacity building, representation in decision making bodies, and support for income generating activities.

1. LLIIVVEELLIIHHOOOODDSS AANNDD
FFOORREESSTTRRYY PPRROOGGRRAAMMMMEE
MMWW CCoommppiillaattiioonn RReeppoorrtt
PPRROOGGRREESSSS RREEPPOORRTT
JJuullyy 22000077 ttoo JJuullyy 22000088

2. TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteenntt
PART I: SOME IMPORTANT INFORMATION..................................................................................1
1. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................................................................1
2. CONTEXT ..............................................................................................................................................1
3. STRATEGIC SHIFT AND FOCUSES................................................. ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
4. KEY ACTIVITIES OF THE REPORTING PERIOD........................................................................................2
5. SUMMARY OF CHANGES .......................................................................................................................3
6. TOTAL P&E BENEFITED FROM LFP SERVICES ............................ ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.
PART II: PROGRESS AGAINST THREE DOMAINS OF CHANGE................................................4
1. ASSETS AND ACCESS TO SERVICES........................................................................................................4
1.1 Increased natural assets .................................................................................................................4
1.2 Increased Social Assets ..................................................................................................................5
1.3 Increased human Assets..................................................................................................................7
1.4 Increased Physical Assets...............................................................................................................7
1.5 Increased Financial Assets...........................................................................................................10
Indicator 2.6: % of P & E involved in Income generating Activities .................................................10
2. VOICE, INFLUENCE AND AGENCY.......................................................................................................14
3. RULES OF THE GAME ..........................................................................................................................18
4. FOREST MANAGEMENT AND BENEFICIARIES.......................................................................................21
5. MONITORING.......................................................................................................................................23
6. FINANCE AND STAFF MANAGEMENT...................................................................................................23
7. LESSONS LEARNED .............................................................................................................................24
8. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES...................................................................................................................25

3. Abbreviations
CF Community Forestry
CFUG Community Forestry Users Group
DDC District Development Committee
DFCC District Forest Coordination Committee
DFO District Frost Office
FECOFUN Federation of Community Forestry User group Nepal
FOP Forest Operation Plan
FY Fiscal Year
ha. Hectare
HH Households
IGA Income Generation Activities
LFP Livelihoods and Forestry Programme
LRP Local Resource Person
NGO Non-governmental Organization
NTFP Non-timber Forest Product
OP Operation Plan
P&E Poor and Excluded
PNGO Partner Non-Governmental Organization
PP Partnership Programme
PPSI Pro Poor and Social Inclusion
RD Regional Director
VDC Village Development Committee

4. PPaarrtt II:: SSoommee iimmppoorrttaanntt iinnffoorrmmaattiioonn
11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
1. Introduction
The livelihoods and Forestry Programme (LFP) is a bilateral aid programme of GoN
and UK Government's Department for International Development (DFID) that started in
April 2001. The programme currently works in fifteen districts of Nepal, which includes 4
districts of Koshi hills, 3 districts of Dhaulagiri hills and 3 districts of Terai and 5 districts
of MW Rapti zone (Dang, Salyan, Pyuthan, Rolpa and Rukum). LFP started working in
Salyan from 2002. The programme is closely working with DFO and other stakeholders
e.g. parther NGOs, DDC, VDC, FECOFUN and CFUGs.
This annual progress reports aims to document programme achievements during the
reporting period for a wider sharing to different level stakeholders as well as self-
learning and reflection from it. In some cases, cumulative figures of some of the major
activities have been presented in order to monitor our consolidated efforts during the
working period. The report is divided into three parts- the first part of the report covers
some important information i.e. context, key activities in progress and summary of
change. Similarly, second part covers progress against three domains of change, i.e.
assets and access to services, voice, influence and agency, rules of the game and
finally the third part of the report covers management and finance.
22.. CCoonntteexxtt
2.1 Context of Rapti districts
Initially, Rapti integrated Project funded by USAID worked in Rapti districts for more
than 18 years. After this project, IFEA/CARE on financial assistance of USAID worked
in forestry sector in Rapti for eight years. Before LFP directly started its programme in
Rapti, a partial fund was provided to IFEA/CARE Nepal for programme implementation
(for one and half year) at the beginning of LFP.
LFP intervention was started to in most conflict-affected districts of Nepal until the past
three years (Rapti districts). When LFP started in Rapti, there were no other donors
working in the area. Some UN projects, which were working in this area, were operating
their works either from Nepalgunj or from Kathmandu directly. At that time all visitors in
district headquarters need to report to the Security Force (SF) mentioning purpose of
visit to the District and if any one need to go to the field outside district headquarters
(DHQs) need to get permission from the Maoist area commanders and other cadres.
There was regular curfew for almost period of the programme. Hindrances for field
visits, pressure for donation, registration, staff abduction from the field, District
headquarter attack, bomb blast, cross firing were the incidences occurred in the area.
The programme regularly tried to find possible safe solution to reach out the
communities.
LFP officially started working in Rapti districts with its Coordination office in Dang since
2002. Initially, there was a small team consisting of four people including admin and
support staff. From the beginning, LFP maintaining its low profiles and at first DC
deployed in April 2003 for each district and other DPOs, on December 2003 since then
only 2 staff (1 DC and 1 DPO) working in each district except Dang . Realizing the
situation of Rapti and status of programme, at that time the principle and values of

5. SEDC (safe and effective development in conflict) applied in programme
implementation. Then, our acceptance and geographical coverage of programme is
increased particularly in the Rolpa, Rukum, Salyan, Pyuthan and Dang districts.
2.2 Policy context
The programme works with wide range of partners and stakeholders in the district
aiming to extend its reach to remoter areas. Basically, it works with District Forest
Office more on technical aspects and with local 18 partner NGOs focusing on social
part. LFP also works in collaboration with DDC/VDC, district line agencies and
NGOs/INGOs on resource sharing basis. The provision of Community Initiative Fund
(CIF) has contributed in addressing ad-hoc based community needs and priorities that
are not reflected in the planning process. Further to this, it has also supported in
developing good co-ordination among district level development agencies.
LFP is working with District Forest Coordination committee as loose decision-making forum.
DFCC in the district is functioning as a core team for forestry development generally sit
together to discuss any related issues in the district. DFO, LFP, FECOFUN and DDC
chairperson are the core team members.
There are some disputes between FECOFUN and policy of MFSC. These two DFCC
policy and lack of elected representatives are the main reasons for the ineffectiveness
of DFCC in to the respective programme districts.
2.3 Security context
An environment for working has been come in normal as compare to last 2 years after
Constituent Assembly. However, LFP in the district has always been following of the
principles of neutrality, transparency and impartiality which contributed in maintaining
equal relations and distances among the district line agencies, political parties and civil
society members. The LFP team in the district conducts regular sharing and review on
organizational relationships, targeting, and resource transfer and safety issues. We also
aware our partner staffs on the sensitivity of these major issues of SEDC influencing on
organizational image, effectiveness of the programme as well as reducing personal risk.
33.. KKeeyy AAccttiivviittiieess ooff tthhee rreeppoorrttiinngg ppeerriioodd
The Livelihoods and Forestry Programme is a holistic and integrated programme aimed
to contribute in sustainable development of the rural poor through forestry sector
intervention. The key activities implemented during the reporting period that contributed
to three domains of change i.e.; increasing assets and access to services, enhancing
voice and influence and rule of the game have been described below -

6. During this period, the key activities implemented relating to increased assets and
access to services were support to CFUGs on bottom-up planning, nursery seedling,
field based forest management coaching, nursery training, IGAs, record keeping, CFUG
formation, small infrastructure support, mobilization of revolving fund etc. Besides of
these, refresher training on forest survey & resource inventory was conducted for DFO
and PNGO staffs and CF process facilitation orientation was provided to LRPs and LRP
Supervisors for their capacity strengthening. A total of 6481 P&E HHs were benefited
during this reporting period. The details of the activities and beneficiary HHs has been
given in the annexes below. The LFP programme is working in collaboration with
DDC/VDCs, Agriculture Development Office/APPSP, District Plant Resources Office,
GTZ, RRN, CEAPRED etc. has supported in translating tangible benefits to CFUGs.
Due to the functional co-ordination among the political parties, line agencies, I/NGOs
the programme has been able to extend geographical coverage as well as contributing
to pull down leverage of resources in favour of P&E in CFUGs.
To contribute on voice, influence and agency of the P&E, LFP supported to CFUGs in
the formation of interest groups including women, ultra poor, NTFP, IGAs and
establishment and operate community-learning centre.
LFP Mid West, through its partnership programme is continuing facilitation for equitable,
pro-poor and inclusive provisions in CFUG policy documents i.e.; constitution and OPs
which is contributing to the pillar of Rule of the game. This year only the programme
has been able to form 94 new CFUGs and revision of OP in 319 FUG and constitutions
of 274 CFUGs. All newly formed CFUGs and revised OP/constitutions have pro-poor
and inclusive provisions such as provision of women, dalit and janajati in one of the
decision making positions in the CFUGEC, equitable distribution of forest products, land
allocation, allocation of FUG fund to P&E, public auditing, participation in meeting and
assemblies etc. Public audit of CFUG is also the good practices of Mid West and
around 26% in Rukum, 60 % in Rolpda, 50 % in Salyan, 40 % in Pyuthan and 50 % in
Dang has been recorded during this period.
44.. SSuummmmaarryy ooff CChhaannggeess
During this period, some significant changes are seen in the communities and service
providers. Some of CFUGs are initiating to address the poor and excluded needs and
demands in CF activities as a result NTFP promotion through land allocation, fund
allocation for IGA and making participants the poor and excluded in the trainings and
workshops. There are increasing in numbers of such excluded and voiceless people by
institutionalization of inclusive board of CF, affirmative provision in constitution and
operation plan.
Direct funding program and partnership program through respectively DFO and local
NGOs implementing various relevant guidelines, coordination and sharing mechanism
have been documented which are the milestone of institutionalisation process of
partnership and programs. Distracts of LFP hold in Rapti zone has been working
closely in moral collaboration with DDC for NTFP promotion activities and incorporating
forest activities in periodic five-year plan. DDC Rolpa has been provided fund to DFO in
order to enabling the capacity of FUGs and seedling plantation.
The awareness on sustainable forest management among CFUGs and local
government has been increasing as a result 24 VDC network in the involvement of 250
FUG has been formed in Mid West. In two VDCs basket funding has been start by Nrs.
28,000 deposited in Dang district. The Tole committees have developed their internal
communication where users have started to hang notice board and hold monthly
groups decision and interactions.

7. In this reporting period alone, Rs. 2,16,100/- earned by 137 Poor households from sale of
goats, pigs, vegetables from revolving fund and NTFP from the CF land allocation. Some
examples are as follows, Bom Prasad Bhandari of Urahari VDC-6 took Rs. 3000/- grant from
revolving fund and produce off season vegetable seedlings and earned a total of 42000/-
,Karbir Chaudhary earned Rs. 13,000/- from pigs. Ram Bahadur Bista took 1900/- from
revolving fund and earned Rs 22000/-. Similarly 17 users sold NTFP and earned accumulated
Rs 84000/- , P&E have increased their interest to involve in NTFP cultivation and their
involvement in CF management found increased.
The total representation of female number in executive board of CFUGs is 40.13%
where 14.27% dalits, 37.14% disadvantages, 0.07% Minorities in total of 4241 board
members in Rapti districts. More over, key position in executive committee has been
hold by women; dalits, disadvantage and minorities are 65.05%, 7.27%, 32.21% and
0.80 % respectively.
Similarly 26 community learning centre has been running by the initiation of FUG
members and altogether 750 members have been benefited in terms of being literate.
Within CFUGs 345 Sub groups are in functioning and enabling them to raise collective
voice for equity and access. There are 94 OP has been completed and 6479.57 ha
area of forest has been handed over to community and 319 OP have been amendment
along with 274 Constituent amendments. As s regular work awareness raising and
group management activities are on going in CFUGs,
The another achievement of this period is land allocation to P & E where 32.17 ha of
land allocated for NTFP and other income generating activities of total 381 FUG of five
districts and they are being actively involved and making earning for their lives. With a
view to increase NTFPs in private and community forest, this year LFP Mid West has
produced total 78,6763 NTFPs seedling through DFOs and FUGs.
Enabling the capacity of CFUG for social inclusion and equity are concern of LFP and
supported to organize various activities. In this FY year 1283 events of trainings
including field level coaching has been organized for FUGs and made benefited to
71,958 members in whom 21903 are poor and 5425 are dalits.
PPaarrtt IIII:: PPRROOGGRREESSSS AAGGAAIINNSSTT TTHHRREEEE DDOOMMAAIINNSS OOFF CCHHAANNGGEE
11.. AAsssseettss aanndd aacccceessss ttoo sseerrvviicceess
1.1 Increased natural assets
Indicator 1.3: 90% of FUG members perceiving continued improvement of forest and 75% of wildlife and
water conditions
A total of 6559.57 ha of the total potential forest area have been handed over to the community
during the reporting period.
A total of 872 CFUGs have carried out active management operation in 10708.73 ha. of their
CFs in the LFP Mid West where DFOs and PNGOs staff facilitated on site coaching for
providing skills on forest management.
Indicator 1.4: % of FUGs actively managing NTFPs for commercial benefits increased (from 9% to 50% in
hills, 31% to 50% in mid west and 26% to 45% in Terai)
LFP mid west districts have rich in floral natural diversity. The major valuable NTFP
species found in this region are Timur, Ritha, Sugantha Kokila, Resin, Kurilo, Allo,

8. In this reporting period, Dodkholi CFUG, Bangesal is harvesting kurilo in CF land, which
was cultivated 2 years ago. Three farmers sold 57 Kg of kurilo at the rate of Nrs 200.00/Kg to
Aurbed Ausadhalaya of Pyuthan and earn total amount of Nrs 11,400.00 rupees. Similarly
more than a tone of Kurilo also sold poor households at the rate of a range of Rs 100 - 200
per kg in Dang,
Padachamchal, Jatamansi, Gurans, Amala, Jhyau, Chiraito, Kaulo, and Samayo. And
major species of NTFP that CFUGs are involving in collection, promotion for economic
upliftment are: Laliguran, Tejpat, Sugandhkokila , Amriso, Ritha, Timur, Kurilo, Resin
and citrus fruits etc. The FUGs categorization report shows that 13 % FUGs are
effectively managing NTFPs in the mid West districts. Many poor and excluded
members of CFUGs are getting benefit by collecting and transporting the resin and
other NTFPs from government as well as community forest.
Until now, a total of 45 CFUGs have been allocated their CF land for poor and very
poor users and a number of 464,964 NTFP seedlings are being produced by CFUGs
and a total of 321,299 by DFOs.
1.2 Increased Social Assets
Purpose Indicator 3: Percentage of P & E with more secured assets ......(This part has
focused only on social assets)
Purpose Indicator 1: At least 50 % of FUGs from Midwest will be self-reliant and will also
be active members of their networks and association.
A total of 323 tole and different interest groups have been formed with a view to
develop networking among similar interest groups. The interest groups have regular
meeting and also started saving schemes. It is expected that the association of these
groups will support to develop strong networks leading to self-reliance. There are only
few CFUGs that are able to prepare their constitutions by their own effort with little
support from DFO and partners and contribute and pull services to prepare OP from
their own effort.
Similarly there are 3 NTFPs groups has been formed to promote and sharing ideas and
explore potential ways to increase sales of NTFP by making different level market
linkages with traders. ?? Accordingly 11 women groups in 6 CFUG, and 2 ultra poor
groups Laliguransh Juice production with the involvement of 5 CFUG have been
functioning.
Indicator 1.6: % of forest managers is capable of developing and responsively
implementing more equitable and gender sensitive operational plans and constitutions
As per updated report of categorization, only 30% in Rukum, 12% in Rolpa, 13 % in Salyan,
10% in Pyuthan and 22% in Dang of FUGs have few provisions for poor and women excluded
groups respectively. Similarly 26% of CFUGs have focus on women and excluded groups in the
training and other human resources development activities. Besides that in resent year, all most
60% CFUGs have the equitable and gender sensitive OP and constitution. In addition many of
the newly and amended CFUGs have the gender sensitive and provision for poor and excluded
groups in OP and constitution,

9. Till to reporting period, one sensitization workshop for the DFO staff and one workshop
for partner's staffs were conducted in Dang. Similarly, the PPSIS training including
different field level coaching of 1283 events made to 35,979 members out of them 523
events are of forest management training.
Days comes for Gha Class
''Puranai Niti, Puranai Chalan Anushar Paisa Bokera Ayen, tara Mulya Kam rai
chha''
Above was saying by Bal Sing Damai, who is a user of Indra Chaur Community Forest
that located in Jugar VDC ward no 2 and 3 in Rolpa. Before coming to demand Timber
after a well being ranking through LFP Partnership Program, he never known about
Gha class beneficiaries used to distribute forest product in less price rather than other
class beneficiaries. He had paid NR. 60 per cubic fit in the previous days and this time
also he supposes to pay same rate for per cubic fit. So that he has borrowed the money
from others in advance.
But, Indra Chaur Community Forest has decided to sell timber at a different price as
per well being level of beneficiaries, as a result now Gha class groups only have to
pay NRs 35 per cubic fit where ga, Kha, Ka class have to pay NRs. 55, 40 and 35
respectively. This provision has brought positive attitude and has support to
increase feeling of the groups who compels to feel that we are really oppressed- ''
we have no rights no voice and no life''. Another User Kam Bahadur B.K who
belongs to Gha class also expressed his satisfaction said that right now the equity
has come for us.

10. 1.3 Increased human Assets
With an objectives to enhance the skills, capacity and knowledge of the DFOs, NGO
partner's staffs and FUG members in forest management, gender and social inclusion,
group facilitation, nursery management training and social mobilization and including
enterprise development skill for the effective implementation of community forestry
community development activities by own and with various others support have been
successfully carried out in this period. Altogether 59 DFO and NGO staffs got computer
training, 267 forest management training, 22 enterprise related training, 307 on gender,
social inclusion and social mobilization, 112 on conflict management and BRM, 13 on
communication and 91 others relevant to the groups management and saving schemes
training and workshop organized for FUG's members.
In the same way, FUG members also have highly targeted for capacity building in their
respective areas to promote the greater transparency, ownership, effective
communication, office management and skill development for income generation. A
number of 35979 FUG members have been benefited by such of different trainings
among whom, 14,843 are females.
1.4 Increased Physical Assets
Purpose Indicator 3: What have been the changes on people's access to infrastructure
facilities? What has been done during the reporting period and how many people
benefited? Some example is presented below and see table 8 given in annex
Pyuthan:
In this reporting period, Pyuthan district altogether 36 infrastructure scheme were
supported focusing P&E such as drinking water scheme, school building construction
and furniture support, irrigation, wooden bridge,and toilet are the main activities under
taken. CFUGs are able to pull down resource from different organization in order to
implement the programme with LFP. Due to the support of partnership programme, 10
schemes were implemented in collaboration with other DFID funded
projects/programme – APPSP and JIDCO, VDC, DDC and PAF. In this period
altogether NRs 15,53656 resource has been pull down form different stakeholders for
10 schemes including IGA and infrastructure.
21136
14843
5425
12897
707
16950
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
FUG training caste composition
FUG training caste
composition
FUG training caste
composition
21136 14843 5425 12897 707 16950
Male
Fema
le
Dalit
Disad
vanta
Minor
ity
Other

11. Siddhababa Community Forest User Group lies in Dharna VDC-6, 25 KM south of district
headquarter, Ghorahi. Among total households 83 of CF users, 45 HHs are dalits.
Comparatively the community is less developed and people are poor, having poor community
infrastructure, weak human development and fragile socio economic settings. Though thise
area is nearer to district headquarters, the development support from development agencies is
out of reach of the village. No any development agencies have programme to support the
community.
Last year, when local resource person visited the village, they were not even ready to hear to
the LRP.LRP tried continuously and the situation changed slightly. A series of meeting were
held and discussion with dalit community asking, "what you can do your self to ensure that you
are ready for development?" The community were agreed to construct latrines in their
homesteads and now they have a total of 32 latrines. The village is clean and no off smell as
before.
Looking to their commitment and dedication to development, LRP now focusing her effort to
involve dalits in CF executive committee. Tole level discussions are going on and executive
committee members now positive to include dalits in the committee in next assembly.
The provision of CARE/ASHA fund was created in order to contribute as an entry point
for forestry programme more widely and effectively. CARE/ASHA funded activities
contributed in building relation, wider geographical and social coverage, developing
trust with wider range of stakeholders in the district. Users are practicing public auditing
for all infrastructure development activities to make transparent and develop ownership
among the users. This has created them learning opportunity to conduct public auditing
of their regular activities as well. Besides, due to this opportunity users are separately
organizing public hearing to make more transparent of CFUGs activities that has been
done throughout the year.
PNGOs have linked to Improve Cooking Stoves (ICS) programme in the partnership
area. FECOFUN and FIRDO has facilitated for ICS and supported to install 194
numbers of ICS focusing P&E in 6 CFUGs. Among 194 HHs, 54 (27%), 68 (35%) and
72 (38%) HHs respectively are from Dalit, Janajati and Others communities.
Dang:
A total of 66 infrastructure schemes supported in 66 CFUG in Dang district. Out of them
drinking water system which includes water source protection, common well and water
tank in 19 CFUGs, 23 schemes for improve cook stove, school, furniture & roofing
support to 7 public school and 6 small culvert has been completed. In the meantime 11
irrigation schemes are also supported during the period. Altogether 2044 (except HH of
school and culvert support) HHs benefiting from these activities.
The provision of CIF (community initiated fund) was created in order to contribute in
forestry programme more widely and effectively. It was aimed that the CIF activities
contributes in building relation to those CFUGs where our programme reach is poor and
important to address the needs of the community and that is not planed programme. In
many CFUGs, it has no doubt to increase the level of benefit to poor users directly. The
users used CIF has practiced public audits to make the programme transparent. This
has created them learning opportunity to conduct public audits of their normal activities
as well.
The involvement of partners NGOs in supporting improved cook stove has positive
influences at FUG level For example; FECOFUN and Manavkalyan is facilitating
promotion of ICS with integrating revolving fund programme. In Janbhawana CFUG
while facilitating revolving fund the provision is made to install either ICS or toilet in their

12. house. They have also technically supporting in installing ICS. The 114 ICS have been
installed in this period.
Rolpa:
According to categorization result 20% of CFUGs were focusing on community
development activities for poor groups. In this context, LFP Rolpa has required some
funds to address the immediate and quick impact activities. Moreover, total 834 HHs of
97 CFUGs received the IGA and enterprises development support in this year.
Similarly to achieve the indicator 9 small drinking water programs, 5 irrigation program
in Thabang and other VDCs and 5 improve cooking stove support have been
completed with the total beneficiaries of 751 HHs. In additional with this indicator, LFP
Rolpa has supported the small infrastructure activities in collaboration with APPSP,
DDC and RRN.
Rukum:
As per the provision to, support for small infrastructure activities, through Community
Initiation Fund (CIF). The infrastructure work such as ICS, drinking water, mull
protection, Irrigation scheme, Trail improvement, wooden bridge constructions etc are
completed during the year. Altogether 22 schemes have completed during the
reporting period. Total 633 HHs benefited in infrastructure and 40 HHs have
constructed Improved-cooking stove.
Salyan:
Community development is a supportive and helping pillar of LFP program in order to
make improvement in living standard of community, small range of project that can
build trust, noteworthy relation with peoples at the local level particularly with P & E
FUG members. Altogether 4-school support for roofing and furniture, 7 drinking water
schemes, 1 solar plant, 15 improved cooking stove and 2 irrigation has been supported.
In addition support for health post, establishment of hat bazaar and dairy also has been
supported. Benefited household are 653.
Contribute on purpose indicator 3: What is the number and percentage of poor and
excluded caste group people benefited forest sectorpublic land? Update table 3 in the
annex ...
Indicator 2.2: P&E non-user members receive increased forest products from legitimate
sources
A number of excluded households have been increased from 227 to 979 as CFUG
members through the legitimate process during the reporting period with comparison of
last six months. Among them about 60% households belong to P&E group. They all are
receiving increased amount of forest products from legitimate sources. LFP's inclusion
strategy has encouraged user groups in the inclusion of excluded groups. Some
CFUGs are practicing equity based enrolment fees in case of excluded HHs on the
basis of their well-being status. Some CFUGs are following the practice of waiving fee
to P&E during the time of fuel wood collection.

13. What are the provisions to include non-users' P & E members to include in FUGs?
What is the number and percentage of household included in the FUG during the
reporting period?
What are the other provision to make non-user members to get forest products form the
legitimate sources?
At the time of FOP & Constitution amendment the provision for non-user member have
mentioned,'' If resource is more other will get in costly price''. The national forest
resources can supply to them with minimum system establishment at that community
please make it clear.
1.5 Increased Financial Assets
Indicator 2.6: % of P & E involved in Income generating Activities
Poor and excluded are benefited from different IGA activities such as goat raising, pig
raising, vegetables farming, small retail shop, bee keeping, churi processing, metal
work and buffalo keeping through revolving fund schemes with co funding by FUG
under fund mobilization provision in the constitution.
During this fiscal year, goat rising, vegetables farming, small retail shop, pig rising,
tailoring machine, bee keeping have been implemented and benefited to 2473 HHs of P
& E of altogether 291 CFUGs
Indicator 1.5: number of user's group based forest enterprises and income generating
activities and their sales increase by five times
Rukum:
During this reporting period, LFP supported to 96 HHs of P& E members in income
generating /enterprise establishment. The allo processing bans nigalo, furniture,
tailoring, chaumin, bee keeping, furniture etc.
Pyuthan:
A sum of 29 CFUGs established revolving fund supporting 259. HHs of P&E. In this
reporting period a total of Nrs 913120 has been supported for revolving fund from LFP
and Nrs 203000 has been contributed from CFUGs. Bee keeping, metal work, goat
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h'6fpF5' . of] v'b|f k;n gu/]sf] eP ljut jif{sf em} b'Mv kfO{ /x]sf] x'Gy].
aNn xl/of] ;fukft vfg kfO{of]
d]/f] gfd l8nf lj=s=xf] . d xDkfn ;fjp; ?s'dsL Ps ;b:o x'. d]/f] 6f]n clt ljkGg 5 . o; 6f]ndf
vfg]kfgLsf] clt sl7gfO lyof] , kfgL lng @ 306f lx8]/ dfq kfgL cfpYof] . dlxgfdf Ps lbg dfq
g'xfOYof} . z'4 kfgLsf] sd} k|of]u uYof}F efF8f s'8f dfemg yf]]/} kfgL k|of]u uYof}F . Tof] kfgL km]/L kz'sf]
nfuL /fVYof}F t/ cfh xfd|} 3/sf] cfugdf vfg] kfgL wf/f 5s]{sf] 5 . g'xfpg] JolQm ;fem , ljxfg g'xfO{
/x]sf 5f} . 6Gg s/];fjf/Ldf xl/of] ;fukft, t/sf/L pAhfPsf 5f}F . lxhf] xl/of] ;fu jiff{ofddf dfq
vfGYof}F cfh k|To]s lbg ;'Vvfofddf klg vfg kfPsf 5f}F .
“;f=j=n] c?nfO{ t s] lbof] yfxf5}g, dnfO{ t dlxgfdf slDtdf #))).–cfDbflg x'g]
Aoj;fo lbof] .Æ –sldlg dNn, lhªjfª ;f=j=p=;=-rfpldg tflnd kl5 Aoj;fo
;+rfngaf6 @ dlxgfdf ? ^))).–art u/]sf] cg'ej ;'gfpb}_

14. keeping, buffalo keeping, vegetable farming, Chiuri processing etc. Lali guransh juce
productions etc. are the major income generation activities carried out by the CFUGs.
In addition 35 CFUGs themselves allocated CFUG fund for income generation activities
especially for P&E. Besides that with the support of APPSP, 5 CFUGs are conducting
income generation activities.
Salyan:
During this reporting period, with the LFP support P&E people are engaged in different
IG activities such as goat farming, small grocery, vegetable cultivation, fruit, NTFP and
spices cultivation in private and CF land, enterprises development, community goat
farming and iron workshop. The other enterprises/IGAs so far started in the district are
allo processing, bee keeping, aran sudhar, etc. Similarly, incense stick making, bee
keeping, ginger candy, citrus juice are some of the successful examples of
enterprise/Income generating activities. CFUG members are involving in collecting and
selling of Timur, kafal, pakhanbed etc from the Government as well as community
forests. During the reporting period, 829440 kg of NTFPs was collected and generated
employment opportunity of 84200 person days to P&E.
Rolpa:
During this year LFP Rolpa has supported for income generating activities to enhance
economically to the user groups who are categorized under poor and very poor based
on their local needs and geographical potentialities. A total of 834 are getting benefits
from these activities where 271 were dalits. Among different activities, there are 11
forest based IGA, 36 agriculture and livestock based and?? Others in the involvement
of 97 CFUGs.
Dang:
A sum of 636 poor and very poor users benefited in 55 CFUG from revolving fund in
this reporting period. LFP has supported Rs. 12,40,000 where CFUG contribution was
Rs 6,15,000 for revolving fund to FUG's members particularly for P& E group.
Indicator 2.4: % of FUG allocating at least 25% of their fund to P & E provision (Source
LFPDFO categorization date ......is it relevant for this period ?)
Salyan:
As per perception of DFO staffs and LRP/S the no. of CFUGs having FUG fund
mobilisation for P&E is in increasing trend. According to categorisation report (2005), it
shows that 39% of CFUGs are allocating their fund for pro-poor income generating
activities at a very low interest rate.
Recent data shows that about 50% of CFUG fund is spent on salary for forest watcher.
Similarly, 24.2 % amount is spent in community development and 8.04% spent in
silviculture operations. It is observed that most of the forest watchers are from P&E
households. In some CFUGs, particularly women managed or women headed, there
are some female forest watchers and nursery naike. The fund spent on community
development and silviculture operation activities is for labour contribution, which comes
from P&E households. The report shows 45% of CFUGs are mobilizing their fund for
P&E

15. Pyuthan:
After LFP intervention, CFUGs practicing land allocation with in CF. They are mostly
practicing grass and NTFP promotion in the CF land. CFUGs are starting CFUG fund
allocation to the ultra poor community. Till the reporting period, 11% of the total CFUGs
has been practicing land allocation system for grass and NTFP promotion, and 22%
CFUGs has been practicing at least 25% of CF fund for P and E. There is provision of
fund allocation for ultra poor households in newly revised constitutions and operational
plan.
Rukum:
More than 48 % CFUGs have provision for allocating their fund for poor & excluded. 32
% CFUGs have allocated their funds for poor focus activities and rest CFUGs do not
have sufficient fund for mobilisation for IGA.
Rolpa:
In Rolpa, 81% of FUG's had not any provision of P & E. It is because of threats or the
Maoist forced to donate FUG fund So that FUG do not want to deposit money in their
saving account, they use to invest all the fund immediately after collection from
different. Due to lack of plan they invest for unproductive work too rather use fund for
poor and excluded groups. The categorization result in 2005 Shows that only 2 %
FUGs have allocated more than 19% funds for P & E groups. After the Jan Andolan two
and intensive partnership proramme support and coaching, 81 CFUGs and 49 CFUGs
of non-partnership area have now provision to allocate the fund for pro-poor
households of CFUG. In this year 4 CFUGs have allocated FUG fund as revolving fund.
Indicator 2.5: Increased number of FUG based paid employment daysyear for poor and
excluded (Source: Impact monitoring of date ..........)
Dang:
In this reporting period, a total of 279564 person days paid employment generated from
forestry activities. Education and small infrastructure activities are the major source of
employment. 60% CFUGs have forest watcher where as 33% CFUGs providing
teachers salary support to the local school.
Rukum:
The CFUG paid employment person days are in increasing trend because the quantity
of resin collection, NTFPs collection is gradually increased. Similarly the trend to paid P
& E users for silviculture operation being started. During the reporting period altogether
19074-person days employment generated from different forest management activities.
Mainly the P&E HHs has earned to invest for schooling, sanitation, etc.
Salyan:
The resin is the major NTFP for employment generation in the district. The data shows
that 187369 p/days employment is generated by resin collection only. Similarly, timber,
nursery, CF watcher and other NTFPs are other areas contributing in generating
employment opportunities for P&E. A total of 209651 p/days employment is generated
to P&E by FUG based activities including resin collection.

16. Pyuthan:
An estimation of about 150,863 person days is generating paid employment
opportunities have been created by different activities in one year.
Rolpa:
Rolpa district haven't any specific data regarding this although by developing small
infrastructure activities, school teacher salary support by CFUGs fund and resin collecting
work,other NTFP( Timur,Ritha, Malagedhi,Samayo) collection work and so on. Approximately.
308732 person days created the paid employment for the P & E groups. In 2063064 DFO has
generated revenue, Rs 75 lakhs. from forest products.
Summary of Employment generation
Districts Dang Pyuthan Salyan Rolpa Rukum Total
Person days 279564 150,863 209651 308732 19074 967884
1.5.1 Leverage of resources
Purpose Indicator 4: Increased leverage1
of local resources for the benefit of P&E
(Separate information collection required_ to be included in FUG reporting system)
The capacity of user groups has been increasing due to awareness rising through
different trainings, workshops, and social mobilization working modality. There are
inspiring steps move ahead by placing effort to get funds for P & E from GOs and
INGOs in the districts. By this period a total of Nrs.8, 903,060 has been pull down as
leverage of sources through collaborative activities from different service providers such
as DDc, VDC, ADO, DLSO, APPSP, GTZ, RRN etc. A summary of increased leverage
from different sources in five districts is presented below.
Activities Total Amount Groups
amount Rs.
Contribution from
other agencies
Local peoples (labor
Contribution)
saramdan in Rs.
LFP
Contribution
Enterprises
Support
647,824 10,000 114,972 0 522,852
IGAs 11,586,950 1,485,561 1,874,050 597,185 7,630,154
Infrastructure 34,167,867 2,179,735 6,836,038 8,704,210 16,447,884
Training 6,374,954 0 0 0 6,374,954
Land Allocation 5,355,16 0 0 175,000 360,516
Mi-cro Hydro 112,8750 0 78,000 162,300 888,450
Other SSIP 176,3929 282,063 0 300,000 118,1866
Improved
Cooking Stove
290,287 34,168 0 88,406 167,713
Total 56,205,790 3,991,527 8,903,060 10,027,101 33,574,389
1
Leverage: total amount of money accessed/ used by user’s groups from government, non-government
and UG’s funds and volunteer labours etc.

17. 1.5.2 User's satisfaction why ,, what is basis?
Indicator 3.1: Average P&E user satisfaction score achieved by forestry sector service
providers rises (Source: Categorisation and Impact monitoring date )
According to the report and interaction, formal and informal talks with locals in the
community, they express for the hope of expansion of future integrated activities, which
could able to bring social, economic and other environmental changes. The existing
program of LFP has been providing particularly both of technical and other services to
the users so that till to date, they are satisfied somehow but they still need to empower
on the basic rights of lands, natural resources that has been addressed on the UN
article no 169.
Furthermore, the post conflict situation has support to the service provider to engage in
the field more without fear and pressure. As for so, the perception of beneficiaries and
impact of program shows that P & E satisfaction towards program is higher than the last
2 years.
Indicator 3.4: DDC rating of the effectiveness of forest sector planning process and
implementation in benefiting the P&E shows positive trend
The bottom up planning starts from CFUG level and final compilation takes place at
district level. The range post presents its RP level compiled plan at Ilaka level planning
workshop of DDC. The district level compiled plan is presented in DFCC meeting and
finally endorsed through DDC council. The DDC has recognized the effectiveness of
forestry sector planning process of DFO since the process is in line with DDC planning
process. Due to improved political and security context, VDC secretary including
representative of other stakeholders also participated in planning WS at field level and
political parties as well in district level.
22.. VVooiiccee,, IInnfflluueennccee aanndd AAggeennccyy
Indicator 2.3: % of poor and excluded members of User's groups will have active
representation in Groups and Committees' meetings and their networks (FECOFUN, issue
based and VDC networks etc.) Source: FUG categorisation and FUG database.
The participation of women, P&E members in meeting, executive committee with key position of
decision-making level and assemblies has increased by 34.95% and 65.05% of male and
female respectively this year. On the other hand 7.27%, 32.21%, 0.80% and 57.73% status are
in present of executive committee of CFUG of dalit, disadvantage, minorities and others
correspondingly too. The contributing factor behind this is intensive social mobilisation through
partnership programme, livelihood interventions and capacity development focused for women
and P&E members. The PP progress report shows that the participation of P&E, women in the
CFUG assemblies and meeting is in significantly increasing trend.
The CFUGs have formed different sub-groups as women groups, tole groups and interest
groups with the support of LFP programme. The voice of dalits and women are being
recognised in the committee meetings. LFP, DFO, PNGOs and FECOFUN are raising issues
on inclusion, gender and equity issues and facilitating FUG meeting and assemblies in favour of
dalits, women and P&E.

18. Representation in Executive Committee
14%
37%
0%
49%
Dalit
Disadvantage
M inority
Other
Ratio in Key Position
611
1137
127
563
14
1044
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
M
ale
Fem
ale
D
alit
D
isadvantage
N
inority
O
ther
Ratio in Key Position
More than 28.75 % CFUGs that counts in number 475 are member of FECOFUN by
forming 14 networks and 14.51% CFUGs are in 24 VDC level network while in Dang 35
CFUGs are associating with HIMAWANTI Nepal by forming 3 neworks.
Public audit is the activity being increasingly practiced by the CFUGs in Mid West. In
this reporting period, around 50% CFUGs reported completing public audits in their
groups. The efforts of facilitating public audit process in to the groups in larger numbers
have facilitated by PNGOs. This year, the process been facilitated jointly by DFO,
PNGOs and LFP. In some CFUGs, LRPs facilitated the process. Some important
learnings of the public audit programme are listed below;
• Public audit of CFUG is effective if it is done before general assembly of the
group.
• After completing public audit, there should be some time allocated for question
and answer; which is found effective to reduce rumour and conflicts.
• Group's decisions, processes and provisions also need to be presented along
with financial matters in public audit.
• Public audit is effective at tole level where tole committees are formed.
• The groups practicing public audit on event basis also have to encourage carry
out annual public audit of the group.

19. l;sfO{ s]Gb|n] cfFvf v'n]
d]/f] gfd t'n;f dNn xf] . d 3]Tdf #, nfnL u'F/f; ;f=j=p=;= cGt/ut k|utL;Ln dlxnf ;d'x l;sfO{
s]Gb| sL Ps ;xefuL x' . d o; l;sfO{ s]Gb| ;+rfng ePb]vLg} lgodLt k7g kf7g df ;+nUg ePsL
5' . klxn] xfdL w/}h;f] dlxnfx? s eg]/ lrGg / n]Vg ghfGg]x? cfhef]nL t gx]/]/ cfkmgf] gfd,
7]ufgf, ;d"xsf] gfd n]Vg] ePsf5f} . olt dfq sxfF xf]/ xfdLn] laeLGg lsl;dsf 3/fof;L ;/—;kmfO{,
hf]8, 36fp, ;+3;+:yf, ;fjp; ;DaGwL s'/fx? klg l;Sg kfPsf 5f} . klxn] xfldnfO{ jg ;DaGwL
s]xL s'/fx? yfxf lyPg . eg] cfh ef]nL t jg sf] af/]df klg s]lx s'/fx? l;Sg] df}sfkfPsf 5f} .
dnfO{ nfUb5sL klxn]sf] eGbf cxLn] xfdLdf s]xLg s]xL k/Lat{g ePsf] 5 eGg] nfUb5 . cem} klg
s]xL lbg o; l;sfO{ s]Gb|nfO{ ;do yk u/L l;Sg] df}sf kfP cfef/L x'g] lyof} . / ;fy} yk ePdf
xfdL cGwsf/df /x]sf dlxnfx?sf cfFvf v"Ng] lyP .
Likely, Newly formed tole committees have put their efforts in participatory planning
during the planning process in this period. Their involvement in planning have
developed their understanding on participatory planning in one hand and side by side
their internal strengths to promote transparency of the activities carried out at the CFUG
level found increased. Many tole groups have empowered to ask their executive
committees to transparent their incomes and expenditures they have made before.
• Tole committee have delegated authority for forest protection, forest
management, FP distribution
• Leadership development - Tole committee members participating in EC
• Good communication and relationship between tole and EC.
• Easy to formalisation – since big CFUG have difficult to hold assembly, tole
committee provides authority to the tole committee and fomalise only by all tole
committee.
“lhjgdf klxnf] k6s a}+s vftfdf ;lx u/]+, ;fx|} uj{ nfUof] .Æ –el/nf
v8sf,uf]ugu}/f ;f=j=p=;=, Kjfª, -l;sfO{ s]Gb|sf] pknlAwdf v'l; x'Fb}_
ca u'/u/] ;d"x xfdL dlxnfsf] klg xf]
?s'd lhNnfsf] k]p3f–& df kg]{ u'/u'/] ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d'xsf] ;ldlt u7g x“'bf
sfo{ ;ldlt k'?ifsf] dfq lyof] . klxnf ;d'xsf] a}7s a:bf dlxnfx? gcfpg] k|rng lyof] .
;fem]bf/L sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;+rflnt ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] r]tgfn] gf};/fdf kl/jt{g Nofof] .
;d'xsf] @)^% >fj0f !! ut]sf] cfde]nfaf6 gf};/f sf]iffWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf lgjf{lrt
eO{g . xfn ;d'xn] j[Iff/f]k0f s[ofsnfk ubf{ k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf dlxnfx? b'O{ ltxfO{
pkl:yt eP . æcj u'/u'/] ;d'x xfdL dlxnfsf] klg xf] Æ eGg] ;d'xsf ;Dk"0f{ dlxnf
“xfd|f] k]zf df/]/ jg hf]ufpg] eP Tof] jgsf] xfldnfO{ s] dxTj eof] <Æ–cf;dfg la=s=,sf]n
;f=j=-;ldltsf] a}7sdf ;f=j=df uf]n kf]Ng gkfpg]] lg0f{o ug{ nfUbf To;sf] k|ltjfb ub}{_

20. The changes from the tole committees; a success case from a PNGO
Yadavsamaj Sewa Sangh is one of the PNGOs who have been able to form 112 tole committees
in 33 CFUGs untill this period. According to the PNGO report, the idea of tole committee is the
real need of present Nepal since the concept focuses on transparency, decentralization and
local empowerment.
It was focused to involve P&E in the tole committee so that they can involve in making decision
for themselves. Out of 230 tole commitee formed in the district, inclusion of women and poor
are high (63% women) in the toles formed in YSS area. The reasons behind this inclusion as
given by the PNGO are;
• Effective mobilization of women and dalit LRPs
• Regular support and follow up by the NGO and the programme
• Good coordination between PNGO and DFO staff at field level
• Interest and motivation developed with in the users and committee members.
Some major achievements from the tole committees noticed up to now are as follows;
• Increased transparacy among the users
• Delegation of EC's authorities to tole committees
• P&E involvement in forest management increased
• Increased voice and influence of P&E to the CFUGs. For instance, In Devisthan CFUG
Bela-2 Executive committee decided to sell this year's forest products to the contractor
at the rate of Rs 253.00 per cubic feet for Sal timber and Rs 2150.00 per Chatta (stake)
firewood. The process of tender was completed and executive committee been approved
the tender. When the information reached to the tole committees, they opposed and
created pressure to cancel the tender. Later on re-tender was announced with wider
notice and the forest products were sold at the rate of Rs 386.00 per cubic feet sal
timber and Rs 6000.00 per chattaa firewood.
• In Shanti CFUG during general assembly, women of kothari tole have strongly
proposed to include women in the key position. Finally one woman from disadvantaged
janajati of very poor category nominated on treasure position in executive committee
unanimously.
• Sher Bahadur BK of Madhpurnasahawa CFUG Gadhawa strongly put forward his
demand of charcoal for the first time with executive committee. This was possible when
he knew that the provision of charcoal distribution to iron worker (blacksmith) has been
a:b}gf} ca bdg ;x]/
@)^$kmfNu'g b]lv l;sfO{ s]Gb| ;+rfng ePsf] 3]Tdf ?s'dsf] clt b'u{d uflj; dWo]sf] Ps xf]
. jf:tjdf dfgjsf] nflu lzIff g} hLjgHof]tL /x]5 . o; ufpFsf dlxnfx? klxn] b]lv g}
bdg / ?9Ljfb ;+:sf/ jf6 lyrf]ldrf]df kl/ cgluGtL b'Mv si6 / ;d:ofnfO{ em]Nb}
cfPtfklg clxn] cfkm'nfO{ / :jo+ ;dfhnfO{ kl/jt{gsf If]qdf kl/dfh{g ug{sf] nflu pQm
l;sfO{ s]Gb|df ;xefuL eO{ xfn gj;fIf/sf] ?kdf s]lx s'/f l;Sg] ,k9g] / n]Vg] cj;/ kfpFbf
pgLx?n] x[bo b]lv v'l; JoQm ub{l5g . / eGb5g M– gk9]sf] dfG5] t bfDnf] sf] aGb]hdf
c8]sf] kz'sf] hLjg ;l/ x'bf] /x]5 . To;}n] ca xfdL ;fd'bflos jg dfkm{t b'O{ cfFvfdf rf/
cfFvf agfpg] ;'cj;/ kfpg] eof} / klxn] xfdLnfO{ l;sfO{ s]Gb|df ;dfj]z x'Fbf af]Ng ;d]t
cfpb}GYof] t/ 5f]6} ;dodf ePklg xfd|f] lg8/tf / gx8j8fP/ jf]Ng ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] ljsf;
ePsf] 5 , of] l;sfO{ s]Gb|n] xfdL / xfd|f] ;d'bfodf lgZro klg s]xL s'/f km]5{ xf]nf eGg]
cfzf lnPsf 5f} . cfˆgf] ufpF zx/ cfkm} jgfpF eg]em} cfˆgf] / cfkmgf afnaflnsfx?sf]
eljio klxn] eGbf cln km/s s;/L agfpg] eGg] af/] ;lx dfu{lglb{i6 / cfTdlge{/ /xg ;Sg]
5g .

21. Networks and networking
With a view to raise collective voice and strengthen institutionalisation of network to
work as paralegal regarding sustainable development of forestry and livelihood and
influence excluded voice to the decision making level, strengthen bottom up planning
and exchange of experience and wide spread of information including effective and
transparent service delivery in the community, networking concept has been adapting in
the development sector since a long, LFP also have been always draw attention and
contribute its effort to facilitate for local and district levels networks of P & E and other
user groups in its commanding area in full involvement of FECOFUN, HIMMAWANTI
and VFCC. A total of 24 CFUGs network at VDC level has been formed in which 238
CFUG are involved in these network.
Similarly, there are altogether 14 district levels networks in well functioning and being
institutionalisation and a number of 475 CFUGs are affiliated as a members.
Except of VDC level and district level network, there are different sub groups called tole
groups, women groups, ultra poor groups and NTFP groups have been formed with the
strong participation of women and other excluded and 236 in Dang, 10 in Rukum and
77 in Rolpa tole groups in the involvement of 109 CFUG in this fiscal year. Accordingly,
there are 3 NTFP groups in Dang and Salyan, 1 Ultra poor people groups and 11
women groups in Salyan also have been formed and working actively.
33.. RRuulleess ooff tthhee GGaammee
Purpose Indicator 3.1: Improved policies of user's groups and their networks on sharing
benefits equitably2
to P&E and are practiced (Keep both number and % for policies
developed and also for practicing groups) (Source: LFP/ DFO categorisation/ annual
reports/ APM reports)
The newly formed or revised constitutions and OPs have adequate provisions on equity
issues. Some CFUGs are also practicing revision of policies in favour of P&E during
user groups' meeting and assemblies. Due to the inclusion of P&E members in
CFUGEC, the trend of allocation of budget for IGAs and equity provisions are in an
increasing trend.
Partnership programme is facilitating to incorporate and implement the provisions in
favour of poor and excluded. LFP, through partners, has emphasized to prepare more
equitable and inclusive OP/constitution. Most of the newly amended OP/Constitution
were with more inclusive and equitable provision in favour of poor and excluded.
Partnership programme together with District Forest Office have also given priority to
implement the provision as mentioned in OP/Constitution.
Women representation in the committee has been increased in the partnership
Programme in the dist. Before Partnership programme women representation in
committee was 20 Percent and it is 40.13% percent during the reporting period.
A number of PPSI-S sensitization workshops have been conducted from district level to
CFUGs level. As a result of the sensitization, it is found that the increasing trend in
2
Equitable means favourable terms e.g., subsidies, concessions and additional benefit to P&E etc. This
indicator will be measured by review of policies (Op and constitution) documents of user groups. LPF
considers at least one provision in the policy improvement as per GPSE recommendation.

22. resource allocation, inclusive and participatory planning and implementation in the favor of
the poor in CFUGs and Services providers. About 96 among the 301 CFUGs
In average 22.18 % FUG has been allocating 25.40% fund for poor and excluded out of their
total income in Mid West district.
Fund allocating by CFUG in districts;
District
FUG in percent allocating
budget for P & E
Percent of fund
allocated
Pyuthan 10% 19 %
Rukum 31.89% 32%
Salyan 45% 32%
Rolpa 2% 19%
Dang 22% 25%
Guidelines related to fund mobilization; planning process, land allocation process,
group formulation & mobilization have been prepared and used. Based on that CFUG
has developed their own guidelines by which supported to ensuring the participation,
benefit sharing of P & E.
Some CFUGs had exercised self-monitoring and evaluation process to develop long
term Vision and Plan. It is found that this process is effective to ensuring the
participation of P & E in planning & Implementation, realizing to decentralize the role of
committee, pulls down the resource from service providers.
Different training, workshops, meetings and planning have been intervene at different
level to build the capacity of partners staff including DFO staff and enhancing the
capacity of users group members. A Total of 37119 including 5689 Dalit & 15147
women and community members received the training and enhance their capacity by
actively participated.
The FOP and constitution provisions and practicing context shows that 19 % FUG in
Rukum, 52% in Rolpa, 28% in Pyuthan. 22 % in Dang and 15 % % in Salyan have
forest product distribution system with equitable provision for the poor.
Indicator 3.2: DFCC are the principle district level forest sector planning, coordination
and monitoring mechanism
In all districts DFCC has been formed under local self-governance act however
functioning of DFCC is known as very changing political scenario. Therefore the role of
the DFCC for the day to day decision making purpose such as CIF proposal, PNGOs
plan is endorsed by the Activity Management Committee (AMC; LDO, DFO and DPC-
LFP).
DFCC in the district is functioning as a core team for forestry development generally sit
together to discuss any related issues in the district. DFO, LFP, FECOFUN and DDC
chairperson are the core team members. In Rukum district the DFCC is functioning as
loose decision making forum.
DFCC members including representatives from different political parties agreed to
LFP’s proposal of scaling up plan and finally selected 10 new VDCs and a joint
development visit led by DFCC was organised this year comprising of wider district
level stakeholders including local medias and political parties in Salyan district.

23. Indicator 3.3: DDC rating of the effectiveness of forest sector planning processes and
implementation in benefiting the P&E shows positive trend
DDC, haven't plan for forest sector due to ineffectiveness of bottom up planning,
although DDC is positive with LFP to provide and allocate the amount for forestry sector
in the coming year. DFCC members have encouraged flowing our resources on remote
areas.
DDC has been playing the active & positive role for co-ordination, policy formation&
implementation activities. DFCC is activating through Leading /active role of DDC team
as a result initiation has been done to Include Five year forestry plan in DDC periodic
plan .DDC has highly commitment for NTFPs promotion particularly in Rolpa district by
provding Nrs. 600,000 through the DFO.
Indicator3.4`: Trend in VDC/DDC resource allocation to pro P&E forestry sector
development shows increase (Source: (DDC/VDC reports/records)
VDCs have allocated fund for forestry sector to Incorporate CFUG's plan in VDC's plan.
VDC has allocated a total amount of 1142000 for forestry sector in Dang, Salyan,
Pyuthan, Rolpa and Rukum. And now CFUGs demand at VDCs, DDCs & other
agencies is increasing rapidly.
District wise VDC plan in table;
Description
District
Dang Salyan Rukum Rolpa Pyuthan
No. Of VDCs developed plan
including Forestry FUGs plan
explicitly in current fiscal year
8 3 17 4 9
No. Of VDCs allocating VDC
budget for forestry activities
developmentCFUGs in current
fiscal year
13 3 9 9 9
Total Budget Allocated by VDC in
NRs. in current fiscal year
72,000 89,000 625,000 131,000 225,000
No of VDCs developing
coordinated plan with including
forestryFUGs plan explicitly in
the next fiscal year
8 NA 22 9 9
Total No. Of VDC in district 39 47 43 51 49
Indicator 3.5: Increased % of jointly implemented activities between the actors in forest
sector (source: FUG reports)
CSP, DADO/APPSP, DLO, are positive for sharing and coordination in district level
fora. DADO/APPSP has support Revolving fund to 4 CFUGs. DLO has provided
revolving fund in Rukum District.

24. Indicator 3.6: Increased % of excluded staff in NRM institutions (FUGs, APM,
FECOFUN, LFP etc.) at various levels
The no of excluded PNGO staffs in NRM institution is increasing and seems
satisfactory. In case of PNGO 46% women staffs have been working. In case of DFO
only 7 % women staffs have been worked. About 12% dalit 19 % janjati staffs have
been working in the PNGO in Rukum.
Likely, Percentages of female and male staff in PNGOs (for partnership programme) are 42%
and 58% respectively. Likewise percentages of dalit, janajati and others in PNGOs staff are 8%,
31% and 68% respectively in Pyuthan district.
44.. FFoorreesstt mmaannaaggeemmeenntt aanndd bbeenneeffiicciiaarriieess
Forest management was also one of the major activities carried out in this reporting
period. In this FY, a total of 872 CFUGs have carried out active forest management in
107,08.73 ha of CF area. DFO and PNGOs staffs especially rangers, LRP's supervisor
and LRPs have actively involved in facilitating the management process. It is found that
users in remote parts of the district have less aware on CF management than that of
accessible area. LRPs of PNGOs have put their efforts to make clear on the matters.
Likewise, instead of formal organizing formal CF management training, on the site
coaching has carried out by DFO and PNGOs during CF management operation in the
field. It has done realizing that coaching is practical means and appropriate tools to
facilitate forest management activities. During coaching, first they simply briefed the
situation, linked with their management objectives and exhibit by themselves first what
actually has to do and how. Second day, site based coaching followed by forest
management works with additional users on the leadership of the participants who
attend the coaching session of the first day. Forest product distribution mechanism also
dealt with the UG leaders during the coaching focusing on equitable distribution.
Indicator 1.1: % of national forest estate under a defined management system increased,
and Indicator 1.2: increased percentage of forest estate and public and institutional land
actively managed.
In Mid West, a total forest area of the LFP working district is 668089 ha. The potential
forest for CF is 292083 ha but only 6,559.57 ha had hand over to community. Most
potential area is needed to hand over to the community through formation of other new
CFUGs.
District Total forest
area in ha
Potential
forest area
in ha
Total Hand
Over forest
in ha up to
2062063
Total Hand
Over in ha
of 2064065
Forest
Management
in 2064065
No of FUG
Cover of CF
in 2064065
Rolpa 94,097 57,399 13558 2449.28 374 106
Salyan 128,204 35,513 25,400 2095.25 2636 195
Dang 201,900 75,500 92,295.02 - 5497.73 162
Pyuthan 72,694 52,690 380,31.62 549.95 1282 96
Rukum 171,194 70,981 119,28 1465.09 919 113

25. a. What is the status of operation plans? How many are amended and how many are
backlogged? Update table 4 in annex.
In this reporting year 472 FOPs are still in backlogged condition and altogether 319 OP
have been amendment.
Land allocation
Dang: A total of 143 CFUGs have been allocated their CF land (99 Hactares) for poor
and very poor users of Dang up to now where 2039 poor and very poor HHs directly
involved in NTFP cultivation. In this period, 27 CFUGs have allocated 15.46 ha CF land
to 366 poor users HHs for NTFP cultivation. Asparagus as identified and planted in
larger areas found successful NTFP in the district.
DFCC in the district is functioning as a core team for forestry development generally sit
together to discuss any related issues in the district. DFO, LFP, FECOFUN and DDC
chairperson are the core team members. Partnership decisions, area, activities and
processes and major coordination issue being discussed in the DFCC.
Pyuthan: Land allocation practicing has been continuing from the last from the last 2-
year. Altogether, 38 CFUGs has allocated approx. 25 ha of CF land to cultivating
NTFPs especially timbur, setomusli, kurilo, tejpat, etc for income generation and 577
households are directly involving in the activities. Details of the benefited hhs from the
land allocation.
Rukum: The 6 CFUGs have allocated the about 10 ha land for 38 P&E HHs during the
reporting period.
Mainstreaming PPSI
With an aim to make reach and provide meaningful benefits to P&E at various levels.
PPSI orientation to DFO and PNGOs staff has been organized. After the orientation of
PPSI to DFO and PNGOs staffs, they have been contributing their efforts to facilitate
CFUGs to roll out PPSI in different training, coaching and workshop. So that CFUGs
has raise awareness on equity benefit sharing mechanism, P&E focused activities and
incorporation of special provision for P&E in operational plan and constitutions. CFUGs
are also gradually starting to implement the provision in favour of P&E. CFUGs has also
practiced to distribute forest product based on well being ranking. Besides, CFUGs has
been practiced to allocate certain seats for P & E in the key post of executive
committee, income generation activities targeting P&E, allocation of CFUGs funds for
pro-poor activities and so on.
In Dang In this reporting period alone, Rs. 2,16,100/- earned by 137 Poor households
from sale of goats, pigs, vegetables from revolving fund and NTFP from the CF land
allocation. Some examples are as follows, Bom Prasad Bhandari of Urahari VDC-6 took
Rs. 3000/- grant from revolving fund and produce off-season vegetable seedlings and
earned a total of 42000/-, Karbir Chaudhary earned Rs. 13,000/- from pigs. Ram
Bahadur Bista took 1900/- from revolving fund and earned Rs 22000/-. Similarly 17
users sold NTFP and earned accumulated Rs 84000/-, P&E have increased their interest
to involve in NTFP cultivation and their involvement in CF management found
increased.

26. 55.. MMoonniittoorriinngg
Sample monitoring of FOPs been carried out jointly with PNGOs, DFO and LFP staff in
this period. This has provided clear pictures to the participants that, we have still a lot of
rooms to improve our operation plans. This system has also encouraged PNGO staff to
continue carrying out such monitoring and identify the possible areas to be corrected in
FOPs. Through this exercise, the participants also identified small activities such as
discussion on provision of OP/constitution, inclusion, record keeping etc. to be
incorporated in field support plans.
As monitoring is part of partnership program controlling mechanism of implementing
activities. It is the periodic analysis of selected indicators to enable all staffs to
determine whether key activities are being carried out as planned and having the
expected impact on the target beneficiaries.
As monitoring routine are designed as a continuous process of data collection, analysis
and judgment in order to provide relevant timely and accurate information. Monitoring
finding are disseminated to PCO and district as well as concerned partners. In this year,
programs were being continuous monitored by partners, DFO, RD, area coordination
office and LFP districts.
66.. FFiinnaannccee aanndd ssttaaffff mmaannaaggeemmeenntt
During this period, out of total planned, budget NRs. 41,769,830 in program activities
and NRs. 16,003,128 in administrative have been expended. Looking towards LSI
code, budget has been expended respectively 49.65% in Supportive, 28.65% in
Specific and 15.47 in Neutral.
Types of Budget Total planned
Budget
Expenditure Expenditure in
percent
Supportive 35,354,992 305,925,45 49.65 %
Specific 16,778,000 176,500,91 28.65 %
Neutral 94,77200 95,303,30 15.47 %
Total 616,101,92 57772966 93.77%
Similarly, in this FY year, in terms of staff management for effective program
implementation, 6 new staffs have been recruited as EDO, Monitoring and
communication Officer, field officer in Salyan, and 2-field program technician in Pyuthan
and Rukum. In the meantime, driver for LFP area coordination office also has been
posted. Likely, 2-program officer have been promoted as a district coordinator in
Rukum and Rolpa through internal assessment because of Rolpa district coordinator
1
5
15
14
7
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Dalit Male
Mid West Staff
Mid West Staff

27. has been replaced in Dang due to transfer of former district coordinator in LFP Terai.
77.. LLeessssoonnss LLeeaarrnneedd
• Partnership programme focuses needs to be specifically on social targets in the
changed context.
• Multi stakeholders cooperation in programme implementation leads the
programme towards sustainability
• Multi stakeholders' involvement in the planning process is important at field, that
created related stakeholders to know about the field situation and that is a good
opportunity to get a level of commitments from the stakeholders to support the
plans of CFUGs.
• Involvement of DFO, LRPs, FECOFUN and the representatives of the conflicted
CFUGs in the CF boundary conflict management meeting is helpful to settle the
boundary conflict.
• Formation and functioning of tole level committees makes CFUGC helpful to
delegate its major authorities to the tole groups. This is also the means to
include P&E in the community forestry.
• Less number of PNGO will be helpful to support partnership programme with
prompt monitoring and other support.
• Safe and effective development is an effective tool to get acceptance from wider
range of stakeholders.
• Short term and long term-benefited activities should be integrated in order to
deliver the programme more effectively.
• We shouldn't undermine to recognize the role of elite persons in order to reach
the target group. Tactics of appreciating and involving elite person is more
important to reach the real target group.
• Public auditing is an effective tools making transparent and develop ownership of
the programme to the concern stakeholders.
• Field based practical training on CF management particularly forest
management and resign tapping has been observed effective and need to be
promoted intensively at field level.
• Standard training manuals of major technical as well as PPSI related activities
need to be developed as to ensure that uniform message is reached to the target
groups and other concerned stakeholders
• Multi stakeholder involvement in the planning process is important at field, which
created related stakeholders to know about the field situation and that is good
opportunity to get a level of commitments from the stakeholders to support the
plans of CFUGs.
• Joint monitoring is very important for programme transparency as well as
effective for wider sharing and replication of best practices.
• Incentive for P&E group in community forestry development seems important in
order to increase their participants and representation.
• Regular sharing with different stakeholders is essential to avoid the duplication of
the activities.
• To work in the VDC's having no CFUG's instead of withdraw the programs in
these areas we should focus to work through the new interest group which
ultimately help in formation of FUG.

28. • The monitoring system should be made clear within all stakeholders in the
district and within the LFP structure, their responsibility and accountability as
well.
• Community participation especially poor and socially excluded members are
higher in quick impact activities.
• Some of CFUGs within the district are inactive even within CFUGs, which are
known as active their institutional development aspect is very poor so, instead of
focusing more on scientific management of community forest we should focus to
reactive the CFUGs, or for their organizational management.
• Lack of awareness as well as common understanding among district line
agencies and civil society members about forest management, management
activities in the field sometimes create problem. It is therefore important to create
awareness and develop common understanding among concerned stakeholders,
political parties and civil society members.
• Conservation and management of naturally grown NTFPs is realized to be more
important than the cultivation. It is learned that our focus need to be
concentrated on sustainable management and proper utilization of naturally
grown NTFPs.
• Clear, specific and timely communication is important in order to have active
participation of targeted groups.
• Local initiative fund and other livelihood interventions in integration with forest
sector programme have proved positive results in widening geographical
coverage and acceptance of the programme. This has also been fruitful in
mobilizing FUG fund for P&E members. At the mean time, CIF has not only
contributed in addressing community development needs of P&E but also
developing co-ordination and collaboration among other stakeholders there by
resulting to tangible benefits to P&E.
• It is learnt that enterprise development activities should only be started after
carrying out the feasibility study. Enterprise activities should be linked with public
private partnership approach. LFP should focus on limited number of successful
enterprises rather than introducing new ones every year. Follow up supports
(marketing, linkages with private agencies, refresher training, packaging, co-
operatives etc.) for those enterprises already running seems important.
• Well being ranking is very useful for support to real target group. (For poor focus).
• Awareness /Initiation for active forest management is must to change their
traditional thinking.
• Co-ordination & resource pull down by CFUGs with DLA / service providers can
play vital role to make sustain of CFUGs and its network.
88.. IIssssuueess aanndd CChhaalllleennggeess
• Now, demand for development from the people has increased and there is
challenge for the development agencies to meet the increased demands.
• Partnership with FECOFUN as a civil society organization and their primary role
of advocacy bringing pressure for allocating additional money on their
institutional development. This has repeatedly bringing unpleasant environment
to the partnership. Challenge for the district is to manage such partner to bring
their interest and motivation in favour of P&E in comparison to their own.

29. • Marketing and enterprise development of NTFP involving different agencies
working in the field of NTFP enterprises has been initiated in the district but still a
challenge to manage NTFP marketing in a way that benefits P&E in a sustained
manner.
• Social programme support and follow-up monitoring is limited in comparison to
technical support. Social perspective support needs to be strengthened.
• OP backlog is a major problem as the result some CFUGs have been deprived
of getting revenue from resin collection.
• Incentive for participation of P&E group in forestry development is an issue,
which is, discouraging P&E groups for their active participation and
representation.
• A protection oriented plan prepared with minimum information about forest
resources and limited provisions of objectively defined silvicultural operations.
OP and constitutions are not used as working documents and provisions made
in the constitutions and OPs is still difficult to translate into practice.
• Sustainable management of NTFPs more particularly resin collection
• Transparency and equitable mobilisation of CFUG fund
• Boundary dispute due to geographical, political boundary and personal vested
interest resulting to delay in handing over and amendment process.
• CFUG not to be a common group for all stakeholders to implement programme
through CFUGs.
• IEE/EIA provision for CF handover (more than 200 and 500 ha)
• Inadequate human resources to provide support and coaching to partners and
monitoring of field level activities
• Change attitude and behaviour of so-called elite persons and their perceptions
towards poor members of community.
• Make common voice coordinating with different stakeholders.
• Duplication of members in CFUGs- exact number of HHs involved and to be
involved HHs identification
• Program Delivery with hurriedly (less monitoring).
• Institutional Ownership of the Working Organization is less.
• Conflict Sensitive/ Scatter Geographical areas.
• Making right balance of partnership programme between government and civil
society organisation in the change political context.
• Managing programme focus and ensuring impartiality during CA election that
might divert attention of partners and communities.
• Geographical coverage vs. increase of programme intensity in the existing
areas,
• Insufficient and effective collaboration for poverty targeting in district,
• Changing political situation.