Intercultural Communication ANNA-HTe King.pptx

1. VERY PERI
Introducing the Pantone Color of the Year
2022. PANTONE 17-3938 Very Peri is a
dynamic hue that blends the faithfulness
and constancy of blue with the energy and
excitement of red.
The four color palettes in this template
feature Very Peri to help you express your
ideas and convey the right mood. Read on
to learn how to use these colors in any
presentation.
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION

2. VERY PERI
Introducing the Pantone Color of the Year
2022. PANTONE 17-3938 Very Peri is a
dynamic hue that blends the faithfulness
and constancy of blue with the energy and
excitement of red.
The four color palettes in this template
feature Very Peri to help you express your
ideas and convey the right mood. Read on
to learn how to use these colors in any
presentation.

3. INTRODUCTION
• Anna and the King is a biographic
film based on a 1944 novel Anna and
the King of Siam (Thailand), which
gives a fictionalized account of the
diaries of Anna Leonowens.
• The story concerns Anna, an English
schoolteacher in Siam, now Thailand,
in the late 19th century, who taught
the King’s children in English and
western sciences.

6. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Power Distance
(PDI)
Individualism
(IDV)
Masculinity
(MAS)
Uncertainty Avoidance
(UAI).
Short-Term vs. Long-
Term Orientation (LTO)
Restraint vs Indulgence
(IND)

7. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Power Distance (PDI)
Power Distance is a degree to which less powerful
members of the society acknowledge unequal distribution
of power.
Some people are more comfortable with hierarchy and
authority relationships. In countries such as Malaysia and
Guatemala, people find it normal for someone to have a
great deal more power than they do. In countries at the
other end of the spectrum, such as Israel and Austria, it is
very uncomfortable to have anyone in authority over you.
The United States scores 40 out of 100, leaning toward less
acceptance of authoritarian relationships.

8. - power distance refers to the magnitude of acceptance
of unequal power distribution in a society or a group.
- A society with high (large) power distance is featured by
the hierarchical order in which people in low position
have little power and accept to obey the superior.
Power Distance (PDI)

9. For example, Hofstede(1986)
states that in a high
power distance classroom,
..students expect [the] teacher
to outline paths to follow,
whereas students in low power
distance classrooms expect
more say in the process (p.
313).

10. In “Anna and the king”,
- there are great divisions of social
classes. King Mongkut is
venerated as God and had
absolute power, and everyone
must kneel down in front of him.
- However, Anna comes from
England, a society with low
power distance therefore she
treats people as an equal.

11. Furthermore, Hofstede,
Hofstede, and Minkov (2010)
state that: In the small-power-
distance situation, teachers
are supposed to treat the
students as basic equals and
expect to be
treated as equals by the
students ... younger teachers
are more equal and are
therefore usually more liked
than older ones. (p. 69)
Power distance survey items were based on
statements made by Hofstede (1980; 1986; 2005)
about the connections between his power
distance dimension and the classroom behavior of
students and teachers.. Examples agree/disagree
survey items include: on statements made by
Hofstede (1980; 1986; 2005) about the
connections between his power distance
dimension and the classroom behavior of students
and teachers .Examples agree/disagree survey
items include: Your teacher is approachable, and
Your teacher is authoritarian, (p. 238).
Researchers have also used their own understanding of this
dimension to produce interesting findings related to classroom
culture ,for example, Li and Guo (2012)

12. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Individualism (IDV)
Collelctivism as its opposite pertains to societies in which individuals from birth onwards ar

13. Individualism (IDV) Hofstede categorizes cultures as individualist
and collectivist culture orientations. In individualistic cultures,
emphasis is placed on individuals’ goals over group goals. The
self is promoted because each person is viewed as uniquely
endowed and possessing distinctive talent and potential.
Hofstede (1986, 307) defines collectivist nations as ‘those where
the group’s interest prevails over an individual’s interest’.
Individualism (IDV) in Anna and the King

14. In collectivist cultures, groups goals have precedence over
individual goals. Most collectivist cultures value social reciprocity,
obligation, dependence, and obedience. Individualistic cultures,
like the UK value privacy much more than collectivist cultures.
Individualism (IDV) in Anna and the King
When meeting with the Siam royals, Anna
was asked: ”You are not married?” She bowed
slightly. “My husband is dead.”

15. Individualism (IDV) in Anna and the King
“How many years your husband has been
dead?” (Margaret Landon 1944, 35)
This conversation irritates Anna, a woman with
individualistic value orientation. She communicates the
information to the King that his rights do not extend to
the point of prying into her domestic concerns

16. Individualism (IDV) in Anna and the King
While the King believes it is his pleasure to have Anna and her
son reside within the Palace, Anna thinks it is impossible for her
to live together with the royal family. She would like to work in
the Palace during the school day, but she need some little home
of her own outside the Palace where she can retire when her
duties are done. She simply desires to secure her and her son
some privacy.

17. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Uncertainty avoidance (UAI) measures how people from
different countries are likely to ‘feel threatened towards
situations they perceive as uncertain, unstructured or
unknown’ (Hofstede 1986, 308; 1991,113). This dimension
is expressed socially in the need for norms (formal and
informal). In cultures with a weak uncertainty avoidance
orientation, uncertainty is seen as a normal part of life,
where each day is accepted as it comes. The people are
comfortable with ambiguity.
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI).

18. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI).
In the film, Anna was waiting impatiently for the
King to give her assignments, however she was
educated not to do anything. This is Siam. She
mustn’t be rushing out and doing things. The
important point here is to be able to wait until
things come to her. (Margaret Landon 1944,32)

19. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI).
Generally, Eastern cultures have a preference for
certainty, whereas Western cultures are uncertainty
oriented. Uncertainty oriented people like to find
out new information about the self. Certainty-
oriented people are more group oriented, as the
group provides a clear standard for norms and
behavior.

20. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Hofstede uses this dimension to describe the polarization
between gender roles in a country. He states that universal
characteristics of gender roles exist (Hofstede 1991, 81).
The male role reinforces assertiveness and competition,
and is centered around material success, while the female
role stress nurturance, modesty, tenderness and a concern
for relationships and for the living environment.
Masculinity (MAS)

21. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
In the film, the King is the embodiment of masculinity with
supreme power. The women here have filled Anna with
terror of the King himself. They call him the Lord of life,
which is certainly an awesome title for a human being and
very suggestive of his power. Anna is granted a subjectivity
culturally assumed to be a masculine prerogative while
retaining those feminine-associated abilities. She fulfills a
fantasy of masculine maternity offered in the service of
conquest without bloodshed: by nurture, education, and
emotional constancy.
Masculinity (MAS)

22. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Masculinity (MAS)
The King addresses the split between Anna’s
body and expected gender behavior when he
calls her “a difficult women, and much more
difficult than generality.” The “difficulty” that Anna
presents is captured by the Royal wives, who call
her both “Mrs. Anna” and “Sir.” The film displaces
all undesirable elements of femininity onto adult
Asians.

23. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
The long term and short term orientation dimension
refers to the degree to which cultures encourage delaying
gratification or the material, social, and emotional needs
of its members (Hofstede, 1980).
Societies with long term orientations show focus on the
future in a way that delays short-term success in favor of
success in the long-term.
These societies emphasize traits such as persistence,
perseverance, thrift, saving, long-term growth, and the
capacity for adaptation.
Short-Term vs. Long-Term Orientation (LTO)

24. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
In the film, it is noticeable that women dressed differently.
England: women wear big dress with huts and hold umbrella in
their hands. In Siam, women wear is shawl-like garment, or breast
cloth. Sabais can be used by women and men. Sabai is also known
as a long piece of silk, about a foot wide, draped diagonally
around the chest by covering one shoulder which its end drops
behind the back. When the king come and talk to Anna to help
them before the delegation was foreign presence Anna was
learned some traditions and she have made the wives wore dress
and children to become elegant and beauty.
Short-Term vs. Long-Term Orientation (LTO)

25. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Indulgence is a measure of controlling desires and impulses
based on the way they were raised. this dimension is a measure of
societal impulse and desire control. High levels of indulgence
indicate that a society allows relatively free gratification, and high
levels of bon de vivre.
Meanwhile, restraint indicates that a society tends to suppress the
gratification of needs and regulate them through social norms.
For example, in a highly indulgent society, people may tend to
spend more money on luxuries and enjoy more freedom when it
comes to leisure time activities. In a restrained society, people are
more likely to save money and focus on practical needs (Hofstede,
2011).
Restraint vs Indulgence(IND)

26. SIX OF HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS:
Indulgence versus restraint Treatment women
Siam men never said “ sorry “ for women, but in England it is fully
acceptable. After the fight between the king’s son and Anna’s son
ended, Louis apologized to his mom. Then the king’s son said
that men never apologize to women and refused to apologize.
This is because of strong Masculinity vs femininity dimension in
England reverse the Siam. In Siam, man never tell the women
sorry because women should respect the men. However, in Britain,
men and women are equal. If one of them is wrong they should
tell sorry.
Restraint vs Indulgence(IND)

27. THE STAR OF THE SHOW
Siam is a high context culture country,
as the individual freedom is not valued
in Siam as in the scene the noblewoman
keep her slave chained and working.
While England is a low context culture
country as Anna gave up on her
wedding ring just to buy the slave’s
freedom which means that Individual
freedom is valued. (High Context and
Low Context)