This document provides information about animal nutrition, including the definition of nutrition, feed efficiency, balanced rations, and the six essential nutrients (water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, and vitamins) needed to support animal life processes. It explains that proper nutrition is important for growth, reproduction, lactation, body mass, and maturity. Different diets are needed depending on whether the goal is maintenance, growth, reproduction, lactation, or supporting work. A balanced diet providing all essential nutrients is necessary to maintain animal health and efficient production.

1. Animal Nutrition Wiki
By: Jace & Nathan

2. Nutrition
• Definition- Process in which animals consume
and utilize food.
• Provides a balanced diet and supports the life
processes of the animal.
• A direct correlation between proper nutrition
and weight of grain, also known as feed
efficiency.

3. Feed Efficiency
• Livestock Producers
▫ Monitor animal nutrition to decreases the number
of days to slaughter.
• Companion Animal
▫ Limit amount of feed to maintain animal health.

4. Balanced Ration
• Goal is to provide animal with all nutrients
needed for proper growth.
• Total amount of feed the animal gets in one day.

5. The Essential Nutrients
• Needed to insure life and
provide energy.
• Without, problems may occur
during
▫ Reproduction
▫ Lactation
▫ Body mass
▫ Maturity time
• 6 Essential Nutrients:
▫ Water
▫ Carbohydrates
▫ Lipids(Fats)
▫ Proteins
▫ Minerals
▫ Vitamins

6. Water
• Vital process where it dissolves nutrients and
acts as a carrier of nutrients within the body.
• Also controls the body temperature of the
animal.
• Makes up 40-80% of the animals nutrition.
• A clean water supply is best for rapid growth and
efficient production.
• Younger animals need up to 80-90% of water
which makes it THE MOST IMPORTANT
NUTRIENT!

7. Carbohydrates
• This nutrient is the main energy source.
• Produces body heat while providing energy to the
body.
• Carbohydrates have two groups, simple and
complex.
• Simple contain things such as sugars and starches.
• Complex contain cellulose and fiber.
• The extra carbohydrates that aren’t burned off turn
into fat.
• Obtained by: alfalfa, corn, sugars, and pasture.

8. Lipids(Fats)
• Provide twice as much energy and heat than
carbohydrates.
• This nutrient is easily digested.
• Obtained by: oats, cotton seeds, and distiller
grains.

9. Protein
• The main source of repairing and maintaining
bodily functions.
▫ Such as hair, skin, muscles
• Essential for fetal development.
• Made by amino acids.
• Monogastric animals have to take in amino acids
whereas Ruminants make their own.
• Obtained by: meat and bone meal, soybean
meal, and corn meal.

10. Minerals
• Provide rapid growth of bones, teeth, tissue, and
etc.
• These regulate chemical processes while making
body functions happen.
• There are two types of minerals, macro and
micro minerals.
• Macro minerals are needed in large amounts,
whereas micro are needed in small.
• Obtained by: mineral supplements, wheat, and
hay.

11. Vitamins
• Supplies animals with important nutrients that
help repair and perform other body functions.
• These are needed in small amounts, but are very
helpful to the animals.
• Two types of Vitamins are fat-soluble and water-
soluble.
• Obtained through supplements.

12. 5 Different Diets
1. Maintenance
2. Growth
3. Reproduction
4. Lactation
5. Work

13. Maintenance
• Used in animals in which weight maintenance is
wanted.
• High in carbs and fat, low in protein, minerals,
and vitamins.

14. Growth
• Used when you want animal to fatten or gain
weight.
• Use many vitamins, minerals, protein.

15. Reproduction
• Used for animals from breeding to birth.
• High in protein, vitamins, and minerals.
• Feeding more than one animal.

16. Lactation
• All mammals after birth, produce milk.
• Fats, proteins, calcium, and phosphorous are
needed.

17. Work
• Used for animals that are being grown for labor.
• Salt, minerals, carbs, and vitamins are needed to
keep animals healthy.