A seminar presentation on the benefits, importance and disadvantages of day to day physical activity

1. AN OVERVIEW ON THE HEALTH BENEFITS, IMPORTANCE
AND DISADVANTAGE OF DAY-TO-DAY PHYSICAL
ACTIVITIES
PRESENTED
BY
ABUBAKAR ALHAJI ADAMU
SUPERVISOR: ALHAJI HARUNA MUSA
A SEMINAR PRESENTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL
LABORATORY SCIENCE, FACULTY OF ALLIED HEALTH
SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
BACHELOR OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE (BMLS)
DEGREE
(CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY)

2. Outline
→INTRODUCTION
→EXERCISE
→TYPES OF EXERCISE
→HEALTH BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
→IMPORTANCE OF EXERCISE
→LABORATORY FINDINGS
→DISADVANTAGE OF EXERCISE
→CONCLUSION
→RECOMMENDATION
→REFERENCES

3. introduction
 Physical activity is defined as any body movement caused by skeletal
muscles that require energy expenditure.
 The term "physical activity" does not equate with "exercise".
Exercise is useful in preventing or treating coronary heart disease,
osteoporosis, weakness, diabetes, obesity, and depression.
 Regular physical activity remains an essential behavior for endorsing
health or preventing predominant musculoskeletal disorders.
(Abou Elmagd 2016)

4. Introduction cont’d
(Lopes et al., 2019)
 The period of adolescence represents the transition from
childhood to adulthood and lifetime habits such as regular
exercise are normally begun at this time.
 But unfortunately research indicated that physical activity rates
decline consistently during the adolescent years
 Daily exercise helps in strengthening of heart muscles. It helps
maintain desired cholesterol levels.

5. Exercise
 Exercise is a subcategory of physical activity that is planned, structured,
and repetitive for the purpose of conditioning any part of the body.
 Exercise is linked with many physical and physiological benefits that help
an individual to function effectively and feel good.
 Also we can define exercise as any bodily movement performed in order
to develop or maintain physical fitness and overall health.

6. Classification of exercise
Exercise and physical activity fall into four basic categories.
1. Endurance E.g. Walking, jogging, mowing and dancing
2. Strength E.g. Lifting weights, climbing stairs, hill walking and cycling
3. Balance E.g. Standing up and sitting down from a chair without using
your hands,
4. Flexibility E.g. Hip flexor and quad stretch, Side bend and Yoga.
(Arjunan 2015)

7. BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
 Preventing Obesity
 Reduce stress and anxiety
 Boost happy chemicals
 Increase brainpower
 Sharpen memory
 Improves muscles and bones strength
 Reduce the Risk of Heart Diseases
(Jiménez et al., 2020)

8. Laboratory findings
Exercise is associated with:
 Hypomagnesaemia
 Hyponatremia (sodium <135 mmol/l)
 increase in urea concentration
 increase in plasma creatinine concentration
 increase in liver function tests
(Hew-Butler et al., 2015)

9. DISADVANTAGES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Exercise induced arrhythmias
Exercise is addictive
Exercise hurts the heart
Exercise is stressful
Hyponatraemia (sodium <130 mmol/l) is associated with complications,
such as nausea, fatigue, vomiting, headache
Hypomagnesaemia which can results muscle weakness, neuromuscular
dysfunction, and tetany

10. Conclusion
→ Physical activity can reduce the risk of developing several diseases like
type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease.
→ Physical activity that is useful to the body is moderate physical activity
(40-60%) of the maximum capacity of a person's pulse.
→ However, if the physical activity is excessive and not accompanied by
adequate rest, it can cause damage to the liver.
(Yedjou et al., 2017)

11. Recommendation
Adults aged 18-64 should do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity
aerobic physical activity throughout the week or do at least 75 minutes
of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity throughout the week

12. References
Abou Elmagd, M. (2016). Benefits, need and importance of daily exercise. Int. J. Phys.
Educ. Sports Health, 3(5), 22-27.
Arjunan, R. (2015). Effect of Low and High Intensity Strength Training on Speed and
Explosive Power among Men Volleyball Plyers. IMPACT: International Journal of
Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences (IMPACT: IJRANSS), 3(10), 37-42.
Hew-Butler, T., Rosner, M. H., Fowkes-Godek, S., Dugas, J. P., Hoffman, M. D., Lewis, D. P., &
Verbalis, J. G. (2015). Statement of the third international exercise-associated
hyponatremia consensus development conference, Carlsbad, California, 2015. Clinical
Journal of Sport Medicine, 25(4), 303-320.
Jiménez-Pavón, D., Carbonell-Baeza, A., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Physical exercise as therapy
to fight against the mental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special
focus in older people. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 63(3), 386.

13. Reference cont’d
Lopes, L., Silva Mota, J. A. P., Moreira, C., Abreu, S., Agostinis Sobrinho, C., Oliveira-
Santos, J., & Santos, R. (2019). Longitudinal associations between motor competence
and different physical activity intensities: LabMed physical activity study. Journal of
sports sciences, 37(3), 285-290.
Nakagata, T., Yamada, Y., & Naito, H. (2018). Energy expenditure, recovery oxygen
consumption, and substrate oxidation during and after body weight resistance exercise
with slow movement compared to treadmill walking. Physiology international, 105(4),
371-385.
Yedjou, C. G., Tchounwou, P. B., Payton, M., Miele, L., Fonseca, D. D., Lowe, L., & Alo, R. A.
(2017). Assessing the racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality in the
United States. International journal of environmental research and public health, 14(5),
486.

14. Thanks for listening