Americas 3 by peter winn
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Juan Manuel de Rosas rose to power in Argentina during a period of intense political polarization and civil war between Federalists and Unitarians in the early 19th century. As governor of Buenos Aires province from 1829-1835, Rosas consolidated power by controlling the army. He then declared himself dictator of Argentina in 1835, imposing a brutal conservative regime. Rosas' dictatorship lasted until 1852 when he was defeated at the Battle of Caseros by his former ally Justo Jose de Urquiza, ending 16 years of his authoritarian rule.
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Holidays
The document summarizes three key events in Mexican history:
1) The Battle of Chapultepec on September 13, 1847 during the Mexican-American War, where six Mexican military cadets fought to the death against superior U.S. forces rather than retreat.
2) The start of the Mexican War of Independence on September 16, 1810, a struggle led by Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos and Amerindians seeking independence from Spain.
3) The Mexican Revolution beginning in 1910 as an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against dictator Porfirio Díaz, transforming into a multi-sided civil war that produced Mexico's 1917 constitution.
Final ppt
Guadalupe Victoria was the first president of Mexico after fighting for independence from Spain. He abolished slavery and served as president from 1824 to 1829. Porfirio Díaz dominated Mexican politics as a dictator from 1876 to 1911, except 1880-1884, developing the "no reelection" rule. He maintained control through the slogan "bread or beating." Vincente Guerrero briefly assumed the presidency in 1829 after fighting for independence but was later executed for bribery.
New mexico revolution powepoint
The document provides a summary of the key events of the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920. It describes how Porfirio Diaz ruled Mexico as a dictator for over 30 years, oppressing the majority of Mexicans. In 1910, Francisco Madero led a revolt against Diaz after fraudulent elections. General Victoriano Huerta then overthrew Madero in 1913, establishing a military dictatorship. Growing resistance led by figures like Venustiano Carranza, Francisco Villa, and Emiliano Zapata eventually forced Huerta to resign. Carranza then assumed power and a new nationalist constitution was adopted in 1917. Key revolutionary leaders like Zapata and eventually Carranza were also killed in the ongoing political
Powerpoint Bere Mexico
The document summarizes three important dates in Mexican history celebrated as holidays in September and November. September 16th marks Mexican Independence Day, when Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla ignited the Mexican War of Independence from Spain in 1810. September 13th commemorates "Niños Héroes Day" honoring six teenage cadets who died defending Mexico City's Chapultepec castle from U.S. forces in 1847 during the Mexican-American War. November 20th is the anniversary of the start of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, when opposition to the long rule of Porfirio Díaz grew into a popular armed rebellion led by Francisco Madero.
The Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the decades-long dictatorship of President Porfirio Diaz, whose rule concentrated power and wealth among a small elite. Younger generations and reformers like Francisco Madero demanded democratic reforms and an end to Diaz's manipulation of elections to stay in power indefinitely. Madero's "Plan of San Luis Potosi" in 1910 called on Mexicans to rise up in armed revolution on November 20th to overthrow Diaz and establish democracy. This launch of the revolution succeeded in driving Diaz into exile in under a year, and elections were held that brought Madero to the presidency.
The mexican revolution
The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 in response to the oppressive dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, who ruled Mexico for over 30 years. Diaz failed to uphold political and economic reforms, imprisoning and killing those who opposed him. In 1911, opposition leader Francisco Madero called for revolt against Diaz and promised democratic reforms including land redistribution and term limits if elected. Led by Madero, Emiliano Zapata, and others, revolutionary forces defeated Diaz's army in 1911, forcing Diaz into exile and allowing Madero to become president.
Nicaragua pp blog
1. Nicaragua gained independence from Spain in 1821 but was occupied by the United States from 1909 to 1933 due to American investments.
2. From 1930 to 1979, Nicaragua was controlled by the Somoza family dictatorship. The Somoza family amassed wealth through corruption and owned much of the Nicaraguan economy.
3. In 1979, the Sandinista National Liberation Front overthrew the Somoza government, ending the family's rule. The FSLN implemented social programs but faced opposition from U.S.-backed Contras during their time in power from 1979 to 1990.
Celebrating Our Nation
Three important dates in Mexican history are celebrated:
1) September 13th honors six young cadets who fought and died defending Chapultepec Castle against U.S. invasion, fighting for their country's independence.
2) September 16th commemorates Miguel Hidalgo ringing the church bell in 1810 to call Mexicans to rise up against Spanish rule after being governed by Spain for a long time. This led to Mexican independence by 1820.
3) November 20th marks the start of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 when Porfirio Díaz had been president for 31 years, reelecting himself and not sharing power, leading Francisco Madero to call Mexicans to fight against Dí
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Holidays
The document summarizes three key events in Mexican history:
1) The Battle of Chapultepec on September 13, 1847 during the Mexican-American War, where six Mexican military cadets fought to the death against superior U.S. forces rather than retreat.
2) The start of the Mexican War of Independence on September 16, 1810, a struggle led by Mexican-born Spaniards, Mestizos and Amerindians seeking independence from Spain.
3) The Mexican Revolution beginning in 1910 as an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against dictator Porfirio Díaz, transforming into a multi-sided civil war that produced Mexico's 1917 constitution.
Final ppt
Guadalupe Victoria was the first president of Mexico after fighting for independence from Spain. He abolished slavery and served as president from 1824 to 1829. Porfirio Díaz dominated Mexican politics as a dictator from 1876 to 1911, except 1880-1884, developing the "no reelection" rule. He maintained control through the slogan "bread or beating." Vincente Guerrero briefly assumed the presidency in 1829 after fighting for independence but was later executed for bribery.
New mexico revolution powepoint
The document provides a summary of the key events of the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920. It describes how Porfirio Diaz ruled Mexico as a dictator for over 30 years, oppressing the majority of Mexicans. In 1910, Francisco Madero led a revolt against Diaz after fraudulent elections. General Victoriano Huerta then overthrew Madero in 1913, establishing a military dictatorship. Growing resistance led by figures like Venustiano Carranza, Francisco Villa, and Emiliano Zapata eventually forced Huerta to resign. Carranza then assumed power and a new nationalist constitution was adopted in 1917. Key revolutionary leaders like Zapata and eventually Carranza were also killed in the ongoing political
Powerpoint Bere Mexico
The document summarizes three important dates in Mexican history celebrated as holidays in September and November. September 16th marks Mexican Independence Day, when Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla ignited the Mexican War of Independence from Spain in 1810. September 13th commemorates "Niños Héroes Day" honoring six teenage cadets who died defending Mexico City's Chapultepec castle from U.S. forces in 1847 during the Mexican-American War. November 20th is the anniversary of the start of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, when opposition to the long rule of Porfirio Díaz grew into a popular armed rebellion led by Francisco Madero.
The Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was sparked by widespread discontent with the decades-long dictatorship of President Porfirio Diaz, whose rule concentrated power and wealth among a small elite. Younger generations and reformers like Francisco Madero demanded democratic reforms and an end to Diaz's manipulation of elections to stay in power indefinitely. Madero's "Plan of San Luis Potosi" in 1910 called on Mexicans to rise up in armed revolution on November 20th to overthrow Diaz and establish democracy. This launch of the revolution succeeded in driving Diaz into exile in under a year, and elections were held that brought Madero to the presidency.
The mexican revolution
The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 in response to the oppressive dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, who ruled Mexico for over 30 years. Diaz failed to uphold political and economic reforms, imprisoning and killing those who opposed him. In 1911, opposition leader Francisco Madero called for revolt against Diaz and promised democratic reforms including land redistribution and term limits if elected. Led by Madero, Emiliano Zapata, and others, revolutionary forces defeated Diaz's army in 1911, forcing Diaz into exile and allowing Madero to become president.
Nicaragua pp blog
1. Nicaragua gained independence from Spain in 1821 but was occupied by the United States from 1909 to 1933 due to American investments.
2. From 1930 to 1979, Nicaragua was controlled by the Somoza family dictatorship. The Somoza family amassed wealth through corruption and owned much of the Nicaraguan economy.
3. In 1979, the Sandinista National Liberation Front overthrew the Somoza government, ending the family's rule. The FSLN implemented social programs but faced opposition from U.S.-backed Contras during their time in power from 1979 to 1990.
Celebrating Our Nation
Three important dates in Mexican history are celebrated:
1) September 13th honors six young cadets who fought and died defending Chapultepec Castle against U.S. invasion, fighting for their country's independence.
2) September 16th commemorates Miguel Hidalgo ringing the church bell in 1810 to call Mexicans to rise up against Spanish rule after being governed by Spain for a long time. This led to Mexican independence by 1820.
3) November 20th marks the start of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 when Porfirio Díaz had been president for 31 years, reelecting himself and not sharing power, leading Francisco Madero to call Mexicans to fight against Dí
Mexican Holidays
The document lists three important Mexican holidays and events:
1) September 16th commemorates Mexico's war of independence from Spain which began in 1810 when Miguel Hidalgo encouraged Mexicans to fight for freedom and independence and ended in 1821.
2) September 13th honors the Heroic Cadets, six teenage military cadets who died defending Mexico City's Chapultepec Castle from invading U.S. forces in 1847.
3) November 20th marks the beginning of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 when Francisco I. Madero led an uprising against the autocrat Porfirio Diaz, a revolution that lasted until 1920.
Finalmexico
- Guadalupe Victoria was Mexico's first president after it became a republic in 1824, during his term he abolished slavery and strengthened Mexico politically and militarily.
- Porfirio Diaz ruled as a repressive president from 1876 to 1880, concentrating power and meeting any opposition with violence.
- Francisco Madero opposed Diaz's dictatorship and sparked the Mexican Revolution in 1911, leading soldiers against Diaz. However, he was later executed in a coup led by Victoriano Huerta.
Republic of West Florida/Beginning of Manifest Destiny
The document summarizes the history of West Florida and its role in the early expansion of the United States. It describes how West Florida came under Spanish control in 1763 after the French and Indian War. Tensions grew as American settlers moved into the region and objected to the inefficient and corrupt Spanish governance. In 1810, American settlers led by Philemon Thomas captured the fort at Baton Rouge, declared the Republic of West Florida, and replaced the Spanish flag with an American one. President Madison accepted the territory, establishing the precedent for the U.S. acquiring new lands without war or compensation and fueling the concept of Manifest Destiny.
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 due to economic inequality and the long rule of dictator Porfirio Diaz. Diaz had ruled Mexico for 35 years, winning reelection through corruption. Though Mexico saw economic growth through foreign investment, the benefits only went to a small elite. The vast majority of Mexicans lived in poverty. When opposition leader Francisco Madero called for democratic elections in 1910, unrest boiled over. The revolution involved peasants, workers, and farmers seeking to overthrow the Diaz regime and redistribute land and resources more equitably. The revolution lasted over a decade and resulted in over one million deaths, though ultimately brought democratic reforms.
Mexican revolution Weej 3/4
This document outlines key events and factors related to U.S. intervention in Mexico and the Mexican Revolution from the early 1900s. It lists U.S. policies like the Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary that influenced Mexico. It also provides details on key figures and factions in the revolution including Villa, Zapata, and Carranza, as well as social and economic conditions like land ownership that fueled the conflict.
Presentation1 Blaaaaa
September 13th marks the Battle of Chapultepec Castle where American forces defeated teenage Mexican heroes known as the "Ninos Heroes". On September 16th, Mexicans celebrate independence from Spanish rule with El Grito. Indigenous people originally inhabited Mexico and created great civilizations. The Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920 transformed from a revolt against the established order into a civil war, producing a new constitution in 1917 and establishing the National Revolutionary Party in 1929 which ruled as the PRI until 2000.
Indian conquistadors[1][1]
The Spaniards were utterly dependent on native Mesoamerican warriors and auxiliaries, who consistently outnumbered them. Up to forty thousand indigenous soldiers took part in campaigns, and native rulers donated thousands more from their villages to support the Spanish. Large numbers of porters and cooks also provided crucial logistical support by carrying supplies, wounded, and preparing food. Native guides additionally helped warn of threats and ambushes. The Spanish conquest imitated preexisting patterns of imperial expansion used in Western Europe such as trade routes, sequential conquests, and multicity alliances.
A Difficult Past: How the Americas Changed
The document summarizes key events and developments in the Americas during the 19th century. It discusses how newly independent countries struggled to bring unity to fragmented societies while balancing individual rights. It also describes the expansion of the US and Canada, instability in Latin America, the impact of the Little Ice Age, territorial acquisitions like the Louisiana Purchase that shaped the US, and several wars including the War of the Triple Alliance and the Crimean War that influenced the region.
Mexican revolution
The document provides an overview of the Mexican Revolution from 1884 to 1920. It discusses the causes of the revolution including the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz and inequality. Key figures that led the revolution are described, such as Francisco Madero, Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, and Venustiano Carranza. The effects of the revolution included the overthrow of Diaz and new leadership, as well as Mexican immigration to the U.S.
Celebrating Our Nation
This document summarizes important dates in Mexican history. It describes the Battle of Chapultepec on September 13th where six young cadets known as the "niños héroes" fought against U.S. forces. On September 16th it notes Mexican Independence was declared when Miguel Hidalgo rebelled against Spanish rule. Finally, it mentions that the anniversary of the Mexican Revolution is November 20th, when many rebelled against dictator Porfirio Díaz, including key figures like Pancho Villa and Madero.
The battle of Pichincha
The document summarizes the Battle of Pichincha which took place on May 24, 1822 in Quito, Ecuador. Patriot forces led by Antonio Jose de Sucre consisting of 2,900 soldiers from Gran Colombia, Peru, Britain, and Argentina battled royalist troops led by Melchor Aymerich totaling 3,000 soldiers. After a difficult ascent to Pichincha volcano, the patriots engaged in a violent clash with the royalists but began to run low on ammunition and suffer casualties. However, the arrival of reinforcements including a British battalion turned the tide, allowing the patriots to disrupt and rout the enemy forces. This patriot victory led to Quito being liberated and annexed to
28.4 turmoil and change in mexico
Political turmoil in Mexico was triggered by social and economic inequalities. Santa Anna switched sides on different issues as president from 1821-1829 and 1833. The growing Anglo-American population in Texas led to tensions with Mexico, resulting in the Texas Revolt in 1835 and the battles of the Alamo and San Jacinto, leading to Texas independence. Mexico then lost the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and was forced to cede territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Benito Juarez led the liberal Reform movement which increased rights for indigenous groups and the poor. France invaded Mexico under Napoleon III in the 1860s but withdrew, allowing Juarez to rebuild the country.
Theme 1
1) In the late 18th and 19th centuries, many countries in the Americas gained independence from European colonial powers as the United States and Latin American nations struggled to build independent states and societies amidst migration, economic growth, civil war, and violence.
2) The United States expanded westward in the 19th century, taking Native American lands and causing tensions with Mexico and Canada. Latin American nations looked to the U.S. as a model but had difficulties governing.
3) Several key events shaped the Americas in this period, including the Louisiana Purchase which doubled the size of the U.S., the Haitian Revolution which established Haiti as the first black republic, and the U.S.
Interview shuffle reading
Toussaint L'Ouverture led a slave rebellion in Haiti that gained independence from France. He allied with the French to defeat the Spanish and British, then became governor of Haiti. The French invaded to reassert control over the profitable sugar industry. Toussaint surrendered but was arrested and died in prison, fueling the resistance movement. Haiti was the first Latin American country to gain independence.
Simon Bolivar played a key role in the independence movements across South America, helping to liberate Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru from Spanish rule over the course of many years. Jose de San Martin also contributed to independence efforts in Argentina, Chile and Peru. Their cooperation led to Peru's
Independence Movements
Most of Latin America was ruled by European powers like Spain and Portugal for 300 years. In the early 1800s, leaders like Toussaint L'Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, and Miguel Hidalgo led independence movements against European rule, inspired by the American and French Revolutions. Toussaint L'Ouverture led Haiti to independence from France, becoming the first Black leader of a free state. Simon Bolivar liberated multiple South American countries from Spain and helped establish Gran Columbia. Jose de San Martin led Argentina and other countries in South America to independence. Miguel Hidalgo initiated Mexico's independence movement, though he did not live to see its success.
J gamurot hist_monoppt
Emiliano Zapata was a revolutionary leader during the Mexican Revolution who fought for land reform and rights for rural villagers. As a village leader himself, he saw the injustice of land being taken away. He initially supported Francisco Madero's revolution against Porfirio Diaz but later turned against Madero when he did not follow through on land reform. Zapata then led the Zapatistas revolutionary group according to his Plan de Ayala which called for land redistribution and denounced the governments of Diaz and Madero. The Zapatistas used guerilla tactics in their fight for their cause.
How the Americas Change
- The document discusses various political, social, and economic developments that occurred in North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean during the 19th century, including westward expansion in the US, mass migration during the Gold Rush, independence movements in Latin America, and the formation of Canada.
- Key events discussed include the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican-American War, the abolition of slavery in the British Empire, and the American Civil War including the battles of Antietam and Emancipation Proclamation.
- Climate changes like the Little Ice Age impacted populations, while slave uprisings in places like Haiti influenced geopolitics.
Louisiana purchase
Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, negotiated the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, doubling the size of the country by acquiring territory west of the Mississippi River from France for $15 million. The Louisiana Purchase consisted of land that is now Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and parts of Minnesota. The agreement was signed in Paris on April 30, 1803 by Robert Livingston, James Monroe and French Minister Barbé-Marbois.
Latin American Revolutions for Independence
The document discusses Latin American independence movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It describes how enslaved peoples in Haiti, led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, revolted and eventually declared independence in 1804. In Mexico, Father Miguel Hidalgo and José Morelos led popular revolts against Spanish rule, paving the way for Mexico's independence. Simón Bolívar led independence movements that freed many South American nations from Spanish control. While independence was achieved, the newly independent countries struggled with political instability and dependence on foreign powers.
Modern latin america[1]
Modern Latin America can be divided into three categories:
1. The first world includes Chile, which uses free trade to engage with global powers like the US.
2. The second world struggles with political and economic instability, like Argentina, Venezuela, and Columbia. Argentina has declined despite past prosperity, while Venezuela relies too heavily on oil.
3. The third world remains undeveloped, though some such as Columbia have potential to connect South America globally if they can address issues like poverty, drugs, and political divisions.
Americas by peter winn
Frida Kahlo was a Mexican painter known for her self-portraits that expressed her Mexican identity and experience with pain and disability. She used vibrant colors to depict elements of Mexican culture and explain their symbolic meanings. Though committed to socialism, she expressed political ideas privately through her artwork focused on the experiences of indigenous people and women. Kahlo channeled her physical pain from a bus accident and marital struggles into her intimate portraits. Her unconventional artwork has inspired generations of artists to explore identity and escape conventions.
Online Dental Education CPD
This document describes RD CPD, a website that provides over 300 articles and videos for continuing professional development (CPD) in dentistry. It offers over 50 hours of verifiable CPD covering core areas of dental practice that can be completed flexibly in small chunks when convenient. The CPD provided is a cost-effective alternative to courses and allows unlimited access for an annual subscription of only £25.
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Mexican Holidays
The document lists three important Mexican holidays and events:
1) September 16th commemorates Mexico's war of independence from Spain which began in 1810 when Miguel Hidalgo encouraged Mexicans to fight for freedom and independence and ended in 1821.
2) September 13th honors the Heroic Cadets, six teenage military cadets who died defending Mexico City's Chapultepec Castle from invading U.S. forces in 1847.
3) November 20th marks the beginning of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 when Francisco I. Madero led an uprising against the autocrat Porfirio Diaz, a revolution that lasted until 1920.
Finalmexico
- Guadalupe Victoria was Mexico's first president after it became a republic in 1824, during his term he abolished slavery and strengthened Mexico politically and militarily.
- Porfirio Diaz ruled as a repressive president from 1876 to 1880, concentrating power and meeting any opposition with violence.
- Francisco Madero opposed Diaz's dictatorship and sparked the Mexican Revolution in 1911, leading soldiers against Diaz. However, he was later executed in a coup led by Victoriano Huerta.
Republic of West Florida/Beginning of Manifest Destiny
The document summarizes the history of West Florida and its role in the early expansion of the United States. It describes how West Florida came under Spanish control in 1763 after the French and Indian War. Tensions grew as American settlers moved into the region and objected to the inefficient and corrupt Spanish governance. In 1810, American settlers led by Philemon Thomas captured the fort at Baton Rouge, declared the Republic of West Florida, and replaced the Spanish flag with an American one. President Madison accepted the territory, establishing the precedent for the U.S. acquiring new lands without war or compensation and fueling the concept of Manifest Destiny.
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution began in 1910 due to economic inequality and the long rule of dictator Porfirio Diaz. Diaz had ruled Mexico for 35 years, winning reelection through corruption. Though Mexico saw economic growth through foreign investment, the benefits only went to a small elite. The vast majority of Mexicans lived in poverty. When opposition leader Francisco Madero called for democratic elections in 1910, unrest boiled over. The revolution involved peasants, workers, and farmers seeking to overthrow the Diaz regime and redistribute land and resources more equitably. The revolution lasted over a decade and resulted in over one million deaths, though ultimately brought democratic reforms.
Mexican revolution Weej 3/4
This document outlines key events and factors related to U.S. intervention in Mexico and the Mexican Revolution from the early 1900s. It lists U.S. policies like the Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary that influenced Mexico. It also provides details on key figures and factions in the revolution including Villa, Zapata, and Carranza, as well as social and economic conditions like land ownership that fueled the conflict.
Presentation1 Blaaaaa
September 13th marks the Battle of Chapultepec Castle where American forces defeated teenage Mexican heroes known as the "Ninos Heroes". On September 16th, Mexicans celebrate independence from Spanish rule with El Grito. Indigenous people originally inhabited Mexico and created great civilizations. The Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920 transformed from a revolt against the established order into a civil war, producing a new constitution in 1917 and establishing the National Revolutionary Party in 1929 which ruled as the PRI until 2000.
Indian conquistadors[1][1]
The Spaniards were utterly dependent on native Mesoamerican warriors and auxiliaries, who consistently outnumbered them. Up to forty thousand indigenous soldiers took part in campaigns, and native rulers donated thousands more from their villages to support the Spanish. Large numbers of porters and cooks also provided crucial logistical support by carrying supplies, wounded, and preparing food. Native guides additionally helped warn of threats and ambushes. The Spanish conquest imitated preexisting patterns of imperial expansion used in Western Europe such as trade routes, sequential conquests, and multicity alliances.
A Difficult Past: How the Americas Changed
The document summarizes key events and developments in the Americas during the 19th century. It discusses how newly independent countries struggled to bring unity to fragmented societies while balancing individual rights. It also describes the expansion of the US and Canada, instability in Latin America, the impact of the Little Ice Age, territorial acquisitions like the Louisiana Purchase that shaped the US, and several wars including the War of the Triple Alliance and the Crimean War that influenced the region.
Mexican revolution
The document provides an overview of the Mexican Revolution from 1884 to 1920. It discusses the causes of the revolution including the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz and inequality. Key figures that led the revolution are described, such as Francisco Madero, Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, and Venustiano Carranza. The effects of the revolution included the overthrow of Diaz and new leadership, as well as Mexican immigration to the U.S.
Celebrating Our Nation
This document summarizes important dates in Mexican history. It describes the Battle of Chapultepec on September 13th where six young cadets known as the "niños héroes" fought against U.S. forces. On September 16th it notes Mexican Independence was declared when Miguel Hidalgo rebelled against Spanish rule. Finally, it mentions that the anniversary of the Mexican Revolution is November 20th, when many rebelled against dictator Porfirio Díaz, including key figures like Pancho Villa and Madero.
The battle of Pichincha
The document summarizes the Battle of Pichincha which took place on May 24, 1822 in Quito, Ecuador. Patriot forces led by Antonio Jose de Sucre consisting of 2,900 soldiers from Gran Colombia, Peru, Britain, and Argentina battled royalist troops led by Melchor Aymerich totaling 3,000 soldiers. After a difficult ascent to Pichincha volcano, the patriots engaged in a violent clash with the royalists but began to run low on ammunition and suffer casualties. However, the arrival of reinforcements including a British battalion turned the tide, allowing the patriots to disrupt and rout the enemy forces. This patriot victory led to Quito being liberated and annexed to
28.4 turmoil and change in mexico
Political turmoil in Mexico was triggered by social and economic inequalities. Santa Anna switched sides on different issues as president from 1821-1829 and 1833. The growing Anglo-American population in Texas led to tensions with Mexico, resulting in the Texas Revolt in 1835 and the battles of the Alamo and San Jacinto, leading to Texas independence. Mexico then lost the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 and was forced to cede territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Benito Juarez led the liberal Reform movement which increased rights for indigenous groups and the poor. France invaded Mexico under Napoleon III in the 1860s but withdrew, allowing Juarez to rebuild the country.
Theme 1
1) In the late 18th and 19th centuries, many countries in the Americas gained independence from European colonial powers as the United States and Latin American nations struggled to build independent states and societies amidst migration, economic growth, civil war, and violence.
2) The United States expanded westward in the 19th century, taking Native American lands and causing tensions with Mexico and Canada. Latin American nations looked to the U.S. as a model but had difficulties governing.
3) Several key events shaped the Americas in this period, including the Louisiana Purchase which doubled the size of the U.S., the Haitian Revolution which established Haiti as the first black republic, and the U.S.
Interview shuffle reading
Toussaint L'Ouverture led a slave rebellion in Haiti that gained independence from France. He allied with the French to defeat the Spanish and British, then became governor of Haiti. The French invaded to reassert control over the profitable sugar industry. Toussaint surrendered but was arrested and died in prison, fueling the resistance movement. Haiti was the first Latin American country to gain independence.
Simon Bolivar played a key role in the independence movements across South America, helping to liberate Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru from Spanish rule over the course of many years. Jose de San Martin also contributed to independence efforts in Argentina, Chile and Peru. Their cooperation led to Peru's
Independence Movements
Most of Latin America was ruled by European powers like Spain and Portugal for 300 years. In the early 1800s, leaders like Toussaint L'Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, and Miguel Hidalgo led independence movements against European rule, inspired by the American and French Revolutions. Toussaint L'Ouverture led Haiti to independence from France, becoming the first Black leader of a free state. Simon Bolivar liberated multiple South American countries from Spain and helped establish Gran Columbia. Jose de San Martin led Argentina and other countries in South America to independence. Miguel Hidalgo initiated Mexico's independence movement, though he did not live to see its success.
J gamurot hist_monoppt
Emiliano Zapata was a revolutionary leader during the Mexican Revolution who fought for land reform and rights for rural villagers. As a village leader himself, he saw the injustice of land being taken away. He initially supported Francisco Madero's revolution against Porfirio Diaz but later turned against Madero when he did not follow through on land reform. Zapata then led the Zapatistas revolutionary group according to his Plan de Ayala which called for land redistribution and denounced the governments of Diaz and Madero. The Zapatistas used guerilla tactics in their fight for their cause.
How the Americas Change
- The document discusses various political, social, and economic developments that occurred in North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean during the 19th century, including westward expansion in the US, mass migration during the Gold Rush, independence movements in Latin America, and the formation of Canada.
- Key events discussed include the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican-American War, the abolition of slavery in the British Empire, and the American Civil War including the battles of Antietam and Emancipation Proclamation.
- Climate changes like the Little Ice Age impacted populations, while slave uprisings in places like Haiti influenced geopolitics.
Louisiana purchase
Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, negotiated the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, doubling the size of the country by acquiring territory west of the Mississippi River from France for $15 million. The Louisiana Purchase consisted of land that is now Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and parts of Minnesota. The agreement was signed in Paris on April 30, 1803 by Robert Livingston, James Monroe and French Minister Barbé-Marbois.
Latin American Revolutions for Independence
The document discusses Latin American independence movements in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It describes how enslaved peoples in Haiti, led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, revolted and eventually declared independence in 1804. In Mexico, Father Miguel Hidalgo and José Morelos led popular revolts against Spanish rule, paving the way for Mexico's independence. Simón Bolívar led independence movements that freed many South American nations from Spanish control. While independence was achieved, the newly independent countries struggled with political instability and dependence on foreign powers.
Modern latin america[1]
Modern Latin America can be divided into three categories:
1. The first world includes Chile, which uses free trade to engage with global powers like the US.
2. The second world struggles with political and economic instability, like Argentina, Venezuela, and Columbia. Argentina has declined despite past prosperity, while Venezuela relies too heavily on oil.
3. The third world remains undeveloped, though some such as Columbia have potential to connect South America globally if they can address issues like poverty, drugs, and political divisions.
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Republic of West Florida/Beginning of Manifest Destiny
Republic of West Florida/Beginning of Manifest Destiny
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Frida Kahlo was a Mexican painter known for her self-portraits that expressed her Mexican identity and experience with pain and disability. She used vibrant colors to depict elements of Mexican culture and explain their symbolic meanings. Though committed to socialism, she expressed political ideas privately through her artwork focused on the experiences of indigenous people and women. Kahlo channeled her physical pain from a bus accident and marital struggles into her intimate portraits. Her unconventional artwork has inspired generations of artists to explore identity and escape conventions.
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Americas and Women
The document discusses the changing roles of women in Latin America over the past several decades. It describes how in the mid-20th century, women fought for and gained the right to vote in some countries. Women then took on new public roles by leading struggles for human rights under oppressive military regimes. More recently, women have entered the workforce in greater numbers and gained more access to education, though domestic work remains a common occupation and double shifts are still expected of many working women. Prejudice against women in politics still persists throughout Latin America.
Americas 4 by peter winn
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Americas 2 by peter winn
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Americas 3 by peter winn
- 1. Americas by Peter Winn Topic #3 Juan Manuel de Rosas
- 2. El CaudilloJuan Manuel de Rosas The Beginnings of Dictatorship in Latin America
- 3. Before Rosas During the early days of the Republic, Argentina was plagued by years of civil war between two opposing political factions – the Federalists and the Unitarians. The Federalists demanded autonomy for the regions of Argentina through a loose “confederation of its provinces.” (Winn, 94). The Unitarians wanted a strong, centralized government. “At bottom, this fratricidal conflict was a struggle over who would reap the economic gains and pay the costs of independence. It pitted the merchants of Buenos Aires and the desire for a monopoly of free trade against interior provinces trying to protect their artisans from the competition of “the thin, showy, and low-priced goods of English manufacture.”” (ibid.) This polarization allowed for the empowerment of local landowner, or caudillos, to reign supreme, treating “the resources of the state as his own,” (Winn, 95). This was pushing Argentina closer and closer to a national state of anarchy.
- 4. Rosas’ Goal “Society was in a state of utter dissolution. Gone was the influence of those men who in every society are destined to take control; the spirit of insubordination had spread and taken widespread roots…no one was prepared either to order or to obey. In the countryside there was no security for lives or property….The inevitable time had arrived when it was necessary to exercise personal influence on the masses to reestablish order, security and laws.” [Explained by Rosas in 1835 – (Winn, 97).
- 5. Rosas Timeline 1793: Juan Manuel de Rosas is born to members of the ranching elite 1829: Elected governor of Buenos Aires Province 1833: Rosas leaves office to lead army of Buenos Aires in a war against local Indians on the southern border of the province. This control of the army is key “in his consolidation of power” (Winn, 95) 1835: By using his power and influence on all other local leaders – his position is raised to dictator of Argentina, imposing a brutal and conservative regime on the country 1843: Rosas intervenes in the Uruguayan civil war, and attempts to seize Montevideo. This conflict would last for nearly nine years. This is the beginning of the end for Rosas. 1851: The long battle in Uruguay, teamed with Rosas’ stubborness at opening up the Rio de la Plata to free navigation, and the absence of a constitution, led to Rosas’ defeat at the hands of his ally and general, Justo Jose de Urquiza, the Federalist governor of Enre Rios. 1852: Urquiza defeats Rosas’ army at Caseros with the help of Brazil 1853: Urquiza calls a convention. A constitution for Argentina is written. 1861: By way of military battle, Buenos Aires joins the Constitutional Argentina. Winn, Peter. Americas: The Changing Face of Latin America and the Caribbean. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. http://www.historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac09