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American revolution2011
This Hessian soldier is observing the Continental Army troops at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-1778. He notes that the men looked haggard, pale and poorly dressed, with many lacking even shoes and socks. He questions how any army could be maintained under such conditions, implying that the troops would desert. However, he acknowledges the power of "enthusiasm" and patriotism that kept the Continental Army together despite their hardships. While the soldier expresses pity for the physical suffering of the troops, he does not seem to respect their cause of "Liberty and Independence." He views their willingness to endure such conditions as misguided enthusiasm rather than a justified fight. Overall, the soldier sees the Continental Army as in
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American revolution2011
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- 2. KEY TERMSDefine 3key terms in each box.
- 3. loyalistWhat root wordis in loyalist?Aka-Tories; Colonist who remained loyal to Great Britain; approx 1/3rd of populationBox 1http://www.slideshare.net/pamelag1972/revolutionary-war-words
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- 5. patriotColonists who foughtthe British for their freedom; 1/3rd of populationBox 1http://www.slideshare.net/pamelag1972/revolutionary-war-words
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- 8. neutralnot supporting orfavoring either side in a war, dispute, or contest; 1/3rd of pop; Some Native American tribes remained neutral in the Revolutionary War.Box 1
- 9. grievancea formal complaintagainst a perceived unjust act(i.e., List fo Grievances against King George III in the D of I. Box 2
- 11. mercenarySoldier for hire(i.e., Hessians) Box 2
- 12. deserterAbandonment of dutyor post without permission; Many deserted because of the harsh conditions at Valley Forge. Box 3
- 13. Admiral DeGrasseCut offYorktown’sResupply by sea. This is known As a blockade.blockadeCut off an area using troops or warships to stop supplies/people from coming or going Box 3
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- 17. BritishPatriotsPEOPLESummarize the words& deeds of each person - 3 per box.
- 18. MERCY OTIS WARRENIAM A VERY CLEVER WRITER AND I PUBLISHED THE BLOCKHEADS, AN ANTI-BRITISH PLAY. Why do you think I titled it Blockheads ?
- 19. Martha WashingtonI joinedmyhusband,George, in the army camps to cook, clean, and sew for him and his men.
- 20. Mary Ludwig HaysNickname:“Molly Pitcher” for women who brought water to soldiers on battlefieldIfought on the battlefield along side my husband.Many Women washed, cooked,spied and fought
- 21. “Gentlemen Johnny” BurgoyneIenjoyed stopping to entertain and hold lavish parties!I was the British general involved in the Battle of Saratoga. ALTHOUGH I SWORE I WOULD NEVER SURRENDER, ISURRENDERED to General Horatio Gates AT SARATOGA (AFTER CHANGING INTO A CLEAN UNIFORM OF COURSE!)”
- 22. HORATIO GATESALTHOUGH IWAS A WEAK, INDECISIVE LEADER, I LED THE CONTINENTAL FORCES AT FREEMEN’S FARM AND RECEIVEDCREDIT FOR THE SURRENDER OF BORGOYNE.-this doesn’t make Benedict Arnold happy…
- 23. Thaddeus KosciuszkoI ama Polish Engineer & supervised construction of an earth barrier to hold back Burgoyne at Freemen’s Farm= part of the Battle of Saratoga (NY)
- 24. Benedict ArnoldI ama Patriot & Clever strategist BUT… resentment and greed led me to turn traitor & join the British in 1780“I SENT INDIAN ALLIES TO SPREAD RUMORS OF MY LARGE FORCE TO BARRY ST. LEGER IN THE MOHAWK VALLEY. I ALSO RESENTED THE FACT THAT I NEVER RECEIVED ANY CREDIT FOR MY STRoNG LEADERSHIP”btw, my girlfriend/wife, Peggy Shippen Arnold, influenced my decision
- 26. Joseph BrantI ama Mohawk chief and sided with British/Loyalists. I fought in Battles for the Mohawk Valley.
- 27. Marquis de LaFayetteIam a 19 yr old French noble. I volunteered with Washington’s army in 1777. I was shot in leg at Brandywine & refusedto leave the battlefield. I was one of the most popular leaders.
- 28. Baron von SteubenIwas a Prussian (German) Volunteer in 1778. I turned the Continental Army into an Effective Fighting Force at Valley Forge by teaching European military formations,charging with bayonets, & executing drills with speed and precision. Focus placed on strict hygiene = discipline
- 31. Francis MarionMy nicknameis “Swamp Fox.”I am the leader of 20 mounted men & boys in South Carolina swamplands. We used guerilla warfare
- 32. John Paul JonesIwas a Scottish born privateer (pirate for hire). I battled the British Serapiswith my ship, Bonhomme Richard & WON! When things looked rough for me & my men I stated, “I have not yet begun to fight”
- 33. General Jean RochambeauIwas the Leader of French forces. I marched south with Washington to the last major battle & WIN at Yorktown, Virginia.
- 34. Foldable Timeline SetUpDraw a symbol for each event after you read from Dateline p.34 &/or watch video clipsWriteNEATLY and leave space – DO NOT crowd your notes.
- 40. #3 WashingtonCrossesthe Delaware#5Washington’sWinter atValley Forge#1 Battle of NYC“Bloody Cat & Mouse Game”177817771776#4 Saratoga,Turning Point Of the War; EFFECT: leads France to ALLY with the Patriots#2 Thomas Paine’sThe Crisis#6 France RecognizesAmericanIndependence & become itsally
- 41. The War startedin the NORTH (New England) & ended in the SOUTH (VA). #7 Battle of Yorktown, last major battle178317811779#7 Treaty OfParisEnds the warSlaves were promised freedom if they fought on either side. However, the British sold them back into slavery to the West Indies.
- 43. How do youprepare the night before a…Basketball gameCheerleading competitionFootball gameTrack meetSoccer gameConcertEtc… ?
- 44. General Washington hadTheCrisis,written byThomas Paine, read to histroops on December 24,1776. Why?
- 45.
- 46. THE CRISISDecember 19,1776THESE are the times that try men's souls. TheSummer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, inthis crisis, shrink from the service of their country;but he that stands by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and woman…the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly: it is dearness only that gives every thing its value.
- 47. Make a Textto Text Connection between The Crisis and Dido’s song,“See the Sun.”Highlight the verse(s)that parallel Thomas Paine’s The Crisis.
- 48. FACT VS. FICTIONWASHINGTONCROSSES THEDELAWAREDON’T BELIEVE EVERYTHING YOU SEE.
- 49. What Is WrongWith This Picture?George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 50. What Is WrongWith This Picture?The flag shown was not created until June of 1777. The Grand Union flag would have been carried at the time.George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 51. Grand Union Flag13Original States
- 52. What Is WrongWith This Picture?The boat was the wrong size and model. The actual boats used had higher sides and were much bigger.George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 53. What Is WrongWith This Picture?Washington is shown standing heroically in the front of the boat. He probably would have been sitting to keep from falling into the water.George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 54. What Is WrongWith This Picture?While the Delaware did freeze over in the winter, it was too early to see much ice in the river, let alone ice the size shown.George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 55. What Is WrongWith This Picture?While the sun is shown rising in the distance, the crossing actually took place in the middle of the night.George Washington Crossing The Delaware, Emanuel Leutze 1851
- 56. TRENTONWASHINGTON MARCHED HISTROOPS9 MILES TOTRENTON FOR THE SURPRISEATTACK ON THE HESSIANS. PATRIOTS CAPTURED OR KILLED 1,000 HESSIANS AFTER CROSSING THE DELAWARE RIVERCol. Raul (Hessiancommander) had receivedinfo regarding the attackBut didn’t take the time toHave it translated becausehe was busy playing cards!
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- 58. “No pay, noclothes, no provisions, no rum”
- 60. “I have notyet begun to fight!” -John Paul Jones
- 61. George Rogers Clarkand the Western Frontier
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- 67. 1. An accountfrom a Hessian soldier: The men looked haggard and pallid and were poorly dressed. Indeed, very many stood quite proudly under arms without shoes and stockings. What army could be maintained in this manner? None, certainly, for the whole army would gradually run away. This, too, is a part of that “ Liberty and Independence” for which these poor fellows had to have their arms and legs smashed. But to what cannot enthusiasm lead a people!What do you believe to be the meaning of this observation? How do you think this soldier feels about the men to which he refers in this statement? Explain