The UN deputy secretary-general highlighted Iran's contributions and challenges in 2015 on the 70th anniversary of the UN. The Iranian general secretary said extremism threatened neighboring countries and must be addressed by combating poverty, injustice, and the strategic mistakes of Western countries in the region. While Iran faces challenges in employment, rights, and opportunities for youth, dialogue between Iran and the UN aims to contribute to regional peace. The secretary expressed hope for peaceful conditions following the Iran nuclear deal agreed upon with P5+1 countries.

2.  Name:- SAAD SAIF
 Section:- FA17-BSCS-359-H

3.  IN the 70th anniversary of UN , UN deputy
secretary-General highlights the
contribution
and challenges which Iran faces (2015) :

4.  Irani General Sectary said that he came from a region of the world whose
many parts were currently burning in the fire of extremism and radicalism.
To the east and west of his country, extremists threatened its neighbors
and resorted to violence and bloodshed. They did not speak a "single"
language nor were they of a "single" skin color or nationality; they had
come to the Middle East from around the world with a shared ideology of
violence and extremism.
 To fight the underlying causes of terrorism, he emphasized that
poverty, unemployment, discrimination, humiliation and injustice
must be addressed, pointing out that the strategic blunders of
the West in the Middle East, Central Asia and the Caucuses had
turned those parts of the world into a haven for terrorists and
extremists
He addressed that Iran, like many nations, still faces significant
challenges, in areas related to employment, environmental protection,
human rights and ensuring space for civil society and the media to play
their vital roles.
“One area of particular importance is the need to create opportunities for
young people – especially jobs,” he said. “Iran, like many other countries,
must make special efforts to use the demographic opportunity of a large
youth population. Youth unemployment is a huge challenge in today’s
world – with important social, economic and political ramifications.”

5.  He added that “tragically, resolving the Israel-
Palestine conflict still remains a central task and
challenge for all of us as a matter of justice and long
term peace and security,” and that Iran has
considerable influence in the region.
 “We at the United Nations continue the dialogue with
Iran on how it can contribute to regional peace and
security,” he declared. “My own visit to Tehran is an
example of such a dialogue.”
 Mr. Elias son UN(secretary) said he is hopeful that
new avenues to peaceful conditions will open, now
that there has been a “historic” agreement between
Iran and the P5+1 countries [China, France, Germany,
Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States],
welcomed by a great majority of Member States

7.  Iran acknowledged that it needed foreign assistance to cope with the
economic repercussions. On March 6, the governor of the Central Bank of
Iran requested an emergency $5 billion loan from the IMF. The request
was unprecedented. Iran last received IMF assistance in the early 1960s
during the monarchy. But in 2020, the Trump Administration said it would
block Tehran’s request. Iran’s Central Bank, which is currently under
sanction, “has been a key actor in financing terrorism across the region
and we have no confidence that funds would be used to fight the corona
virus,” a U.S. Treasury official told CNN.
 Iran still had more than $500 million in its so-called reserve tranche at
the IMF; these are funds that it contributed and could tap without a
service fee or facing conditions from other IMF members. It also had on-
demand access to some $1.6 billion in “Special Drawing Rights” (SDR) at
the IMF. The SDR is an international reserve asset that supplements the
official reserves of member countries. It is allocated to member
countries based on their IMF quotas and relative standing in the world
economy. Members can exchange SDRs for useable currencies from other
members.
 To provide short-term relief, more than 30 countries sent medical
supplies to Tehran. The European Union pledged to send 20 million Euros
($21.5 million) in materiel and 5 million Euros ($5.4 million) in
financial aid. The following outlines the impact of the corona virus on
Iran’s economy.

8.  The corona virus, which causes the disease
COVID-19, presents governments across the
world with a stress test they have so far
failed to meet—but few have failed more
spectacularly than the Islamic Republic of
Iran.
 The first few months of 2020 have been
unkind to the Iranian people. Not only are
they suffering economic hardship due to new
U.S. sanctions, but their autocratic
government’s corruption, mismanagement,
and bad policy choices are wreaking havoc
on their lives

10.  On 3 January 2020, a United States drone strike near Baghdad
International Airport targeted and killed Iranian major
general Qasem Soleimaniof Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard
Corps (IRGC) while he was reportedly planned to meet Iraqi Prime
Minister Adil Abdul-Mahdi in Baghdad. Soleimani was commander
of the Quds Force which has been designated a terrorist
organization by the U.S., Canada , Saudi Arabia and Bahrain —and
was considered the second most powerful person of Iran,
subordinate to Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei . Nine others were
killed alongside Soleimani, including four Iranian and
five Iraqi nationals such as deputy chairman of Iraq's Popular
Mobilization Forces (PMF) and commander of the Iran-
backed Kataib Hezbollah militia, Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis—a
designated terrorist in the U.S. and in the United Arab
Emirates (UAE).
 The strike occurred during the 2019–20 Persian Gulf crisis, which
began after the U.S. withdrew from the 2015 nuclear deal with
Iran in 2018, re imposed sanctions, and accused Iranian elements
of fomenting a campaign to harass U.S. forces in the region. On
27 December 2019

11.  On Jan. 3, 2020 (local time), the United
States launched a drone strike targeting the
head of Iran’s Quds force, Major-General Qassem
Suleimani, and killing both him and Iraqi
military commander, Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis.
 In response to the air strike ,On Jan. 8 2020
(local time), Iran launched several ballistic
missiles directed from Iran on two air bases in
Iraq (Al Assad and Irbil) housing US troops and
other anti-ISIS coalition forces. Initially no
casualties, but material damage were reported.
(Over a week later, the public learned that 11
American service members were injured in the
attack.)

13.  Whenever United States resort to a
significant use of force in their international
relations, commentators asking about the
relevance and regulatory power of
international law are not far behind. As the
many scholarly contributions assessing
various legal aspects of the United States-
Iran incident have set out, the military
confrontation between these two adversaries
in Iraq has put the UN Charter and its
principles under strain. But how did the main
actors on the international plane, States,
view these events?

14.  The UN may not be able to help with North
Korea, but it still has a role to play in the
Iran nuclear deal.
 Iran’s supreme leader agreed to the deal
because he believed his country would be
better off if it escaped economic isolation.
Iran has one of the best-educated
populations in the Middle East, but its
potential has been limited by international
sanctions that between 2012-2014 cost
Tehran 4.5 percent of its GDP, according to
the World Bank.

15.  Not for Trump. The U.S. president called the
deal “an embarrassment to the United
States” in his keynote speech. But the UN
can prove crucial to keeping the deal intact.
If the U.S. pulls out of the Iran nuclear deal
— as Trump has threatened on multiple
occasions — but the rest of the Security
Council and UN community remain on board,
Iran is most likely to stick to the deal as
well, with the added bonus of getting to
paint the U.S. as the villain.

16. Thanks