2. It is an infection with the intestinal protozoan
Entamoeba histolytica.
About 90% infections are asymptomatic, and the 10%
produce a spectrum of clinical syndrome ranging from
dysentry to abscesses of the liver or to other organs.
3. About 10% of population infected globally.
1 lakhs death occurs every year globally.
High prevalence in tropics and subtropics.
5. Two infecting species are cyst of E.histolytica and
E.dispar .
More common in tropical and subtropical areas with
poor sanitation.
Parasites occur in two forms a trophozoite form which
is active adult form seen in tissues and diarrhoeal stool
and a cystic form seen in formed stools but not in the
tissues .
6. Patients receiving glucocorticoids are high risk of
amebiasis
The lesions of amebiasis includes:
Amoebic colitis
Amoeboma
Amoebic liver abscess
Spread to other sites
7.
8. o E.histolytica is acquired by ingestion of viable cysts
from fecally contaminated water , food or hands.
o Food being grown in feces contaminated soil ,
fertilizers and water.
o Oral and anal sexual practices.
o Rarely rectal innoculation through colonic irrigation
devices.
9.
10.
11.
12. Symptomatic amoebic colitis develops 2-6 weeks after
the ingestion of infectious cycts.
A gradual onset of lower abdominal pain and mild
diarrhoea followed by malaise , weight loss and diffuse
lower abdominal or back pain
Patients with full-blown dysentry may pass 10-12
stools/day
More fulminant intestinal infection , with severe
abdominal pain , high fever and profuse diarrhoea in
rare and occurs predominantly in children
13. INTESTINAL DISEASE:
Vague abdominal discomfort , malaise to
abdominal cramp , flatulence , bloody diarrhoea with
mucus.
AMOEBIC LIVER ABSCESS:
High fever , elevated alkaline phosphate , liver
tenderness , palpitation , errosion of liver abscess.
14. Point tenderness over the liver and right sided pleural
effusion
Jaundice is rare but febrile
Weight loss of hepatomegaly
Painful genital ulcerations
Hematogenous spread of the infection
Pleuropulmonary involvement
15. Stool examinations , serologic test , non invasive
imaging of liver.
Fecal findings.
Amoebiasis are usually identified first by barium
enema , but biopsy is necessary for differentiation
from carcinoma.
16.
17. Preventions of infection requires hygenic
adequate sanitation and eradication of cysts
carriage
It can be prevented by the avoidance of
unpeeled fruits and vegetables and use of
bottled water.