The document discusses techniques for disagreement management to increase organizational performance, including conceptual calibration, bridging, and modeling. It describes how knowledge management aims to integrate people, processes, and technology through a knowledge sharing culture to support continuous learning and increased performance. The semantic web allows a shift from knowledge push to pull in different domains by enabling a wider distribution and annotation of information.

1. TENCompetence Winter School,
Innsbruck, 2 February, 2009
Disagreement Management
for increasing the organizational performance
of Humanity Inc.
Ambjörn Naeve
Knowledge Management Research
The Royal Institute of Technology,
and Uppsala University
Sweden
http:// kmr.nada.kth.se/wiki/Amb

2. Some Techniques for Disagreement Management
Traditional:
• Violence (war)
• Diplomacy
• Negotiations
• Court trials
• Obfuscation (hiding the conflict)
• ….
Non-traditional:
• Conceptual Calibration
• Conceptual Bridging
• Distributed Dialog Mapping
• Mental Modeling
• Systems Modeling
• Values Modeling

3. A Major Aim of Knowledge Management
Performance Organizational Increased
is to support the process of integrating
people-, process-, and technology functions Continous
in order to create a knowledge sharing culture Learning
that supports continous learning
aiming for increased organizational performance.
Culture
People
Sharing
Integrating
Process
Knowledge
Technology
Functions Management
Knowledge

4. The Globally Annotated Information Age
Age
Information
Cuneiform Physically Archiving
writing mediated libraries
Recorded Transmitted Annotated
Semantic
Gutenberg Electronically
Web
printing mediated
Globally

5. The Semantic Web information architecture
enables a shift from knowledge push to knowledge pull:
• from teacher-centric to learner-centric education.
• from doctor-centric to patient-centric health care.
• from bureaucrat-centric to citizen-centric administration.
• from government-centric to citizen-centric democracy.
• from producer-centric to consumer-centric business models.
enables a shift from hierarchy to ”widearchy”:
• from opinion registration to opinion publication.

6. Human Tacit Explicit Mental Models
Cognition Beliefs &
Feelings Assumptions Conscious Thoughts
Mental modeling
Observe
Act
“Maybe space”

7. The Space of Maybe
Ambjörn Naeve, San Francisco, 1976

8. The Maybe Spaces of Newton and Einstein
Ambjörn Naeve, San Francisco, 1976

9. Web
Todayʼs Semantic
• the information is distributed
• anyone can link
anything to anything • the information
about the information is
• but
• graph-based (RDF)
• the information • distributed
about the information is
• document-based (XML) • anyone can express opinions
• centralized about anything in a
(70% in data bases) machine-processable context

10. A Knowledge Manifold
• is a structured information architecture that supports
a number of different strategies for information hiding.
• can be used to design learner-centric learning environments
(PLEs) that support question-based learning.
(“kno