Amazon Web Services (AWS) began offering IT infrastructure services to businesses in the form of web services -- now commonly known as cloud computing. One of the key benefits of cloud computing is the opportunity to replace up-front capital infrastructure expenses with low variable costs that scale with your business. With the Cloud, businesses no longer need to plan for and procure servers and other IT infrastructure weeks or months in advance. Instead, they can instantly spin up hundreds or thousands of servers in minutes and deliver results faster.

1. Architecting for the
AWS Cloud

2. Cloud Computing Attributes
Abstract Focus on your needs, not on hardware specs. As your
Resources needs change, so should your resources.
On-Demand Ask for what you need, exactly when you need it.
Provisioning Pay only for what you use.
Scalability Scale out or in depending on usage needs.
No Up-Front No contracts or long-term commitments.
Costs Pay only for what you use.
Efficiency of
Experts
Utilize the skills, knowledge and resources of experts.

3. What Do We Mean By Scalability
Scalability means the ability to scale up (bigger boxes),
scale down (smaller boxes), scale out (more boxes) and
scale in (fewer boxes)
A truly scalable has service has the following
characteristics:
Increasing resources results in a proportional increase in performance
A scalable service is capable of handling heterogeneity
A scalable service is operationally efficient
A scalable service is resilient
A scalable service becomes more cost effective when it grows
A scalable architecture is critical to take advantage of a
scalable infrastructure!

4. AWS Cloud Architecture Lessons
1. Design for failure and nothing fails
2. Loose coupling sets you free
3. Design for dynamism
4. Security is everywhere
5. Don’t fear constraints
6. Leverage a variety of storage options

5. Design for Failure and Nothing Fails
Never expect your systems to be stable
Never expect your code to be perfect
Everything fails
IO controllers
Ethernet chips
Hard disks
Fans
Power supplies
Cabling
Network ports
Switches
Load-balancers
If you can add it, it can fail

6. Examples of Handling Failure on AWS
• Use Elastic IP addresses for consistent and
re-mappable routes
• Use multiple Amazon EC2 Availability Zones
(AZs)
• Create multiple database slaves across AZs
• Use real-time monitoring across key access
points (Amazon CloudWatch)
• Use Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) for
persistent file systems

7. Build Loosely Couple Systems
Make no assumptions about the inner workings
of your components
Design for a jumble of black boxes
Loosely coupled systems on AWS
De-coupling systems allows for hybrid models (in-
cloud + in-physical data center)
Balancing between clusters enables easier scaling
Using queues (Amazon SQS) buffers against failures

8. Design for Dynamism
Components should not assume the
health or location of other components
Bootstrapping and dynamic configuration
helps you scale dynamically
Dynamism on AWS
Use Auto Scaling
Use Elastic Load Balancing on multiple layers
Use configurations in SimpleDB to bootstrap
instance

9. Security is Everywhere
With AWS, physical security is free, network security is
easy, and other security can be added
Building secure systems with AWS
• Create distinct Security Groups for each Amazon EC2
cluster
• Use group-based rules for controlling access between
layers
• Restrict external access to specific IP ranges
• Encrypt data stored in Amazon S3
• Encrypt all information transmitted across the wire
• Consider encrypted file systems for sensitive data

10. Don’t Fear Constraints
Architectural constraints can be broken
Having a flexible, on-demand pool of resources allows for different
architectures that remove constraints
I need more than xxGB of RAM per instance
Distribute load across multiple instances; use a shared distributed cache
I need more than xxK IOPS on my database
Run multiple read-only copies; sharding; database clustering software
My current server specs are better than an Amazon EC2 instance
Run more Amazon EC2 instances but only when you need them
I need static IPs for my servers
Boot scripts that re-configure software from configuration database

11. Leverage Many Storage Options
Amazon S3 is optimized for storing large objects
Store persistent data
Amazon CloudFront for performance
Push popular objects to 14 worldwide edge locations
Amazon SimpleDB for speed, scale, and simplicity
Store small bits of data that have no dependencies, such
as metadata
Amazon EC2 local disk space for transient data
Amazon EBS acts like a disk drive for persistent
storage
Store dynamic content or a traditional RDBMS
Use snapshots to S3 for backup

12. Diverse Use Cases
Web Site Hosting
Application Hosting
Media Distribution
Storage, Backup, Disaster Recovery
Content Delivery
High-Performance Computing
Software Development and Testing

13. Sample Architecture:
Migrating Your
Web Applications

14. Web Application Design
A typical web application could need:
Compute power
Storage capacity for images, music, etc.
Content distribution
Database storage
Messaging between components
Payment options to enable e-commerce
Load balancing for optimal performance

15. Typical Web App Architecture
Database
Application Server /
Business Logic
Web Server /
Presentation Layer
Client Browser

16. Web Application Design on AWS
An AWS-based web application could use:
Compute power (Amazon EC2)
Storage capacity for images, music, etc. (Amazon S3)
Content distribution (Amazon CloudFront)
Database storage (Amazon EBS)
Messaging btw. components (Amazon SQS)
Payment options to enable e-commerce (Amazon
FPS)
Load balancing for optimal performance (Amazon
EC2)

17. Use Amazon S3 for Storage
Store persistent files in Amazon S3
for lower costs, higher reliability
Client Browser

18. Use Amazon CloudFront
Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery
network that caches data stored in Amazon S3
across a worldwide network of edge locations:
Seattle, Palo Alto, Los Angeles, St. Louis,
Dallas, Ashburn, Newark, Miami, Amsterdam,
Client Browser Dublin, Frankfurt, London,
Hong Kong, Tokyo

19. Use Amazon EC2 for Compute
Configure Amazon EC2 running
your choice of web server to handle
all incoming web requests.
Client Browser

20. Use Amazon EC2 for Compute
Configure multiple Amazon EC2
instances running your choice of
application server to process
requests.
Use Availability Zones and Elastic
Client Browser IPs for greater reliability and
resiliency.

21. Use Amazon EBS for Database
Configure an Amazon EBS device to
host your existing relational database.
Snapshots can be automatically
Client Browser
backed up to Amazon S3.

22. Use Amazon SQS
SQS
Amazon SQS makes it easy to
coordinate between the web server
Client Browser and application servers.

23. Use Amazon SimpleDB
SimpleDB
SQS
Amazon SimpleDB can be used to
store metadata, logfiles, and other
Client Browser information for your site.

24. Additional Features and Other Serivces
New Features
CloudWatch (monitoring), Elastic Load Balancing, and
Auto Scaling services just launched
AWS Import/Export adds “sneaker net” to S3
Other Services
Amazon Elastic MapReduce can be used to crunch
and analyze large amounts of data
Amazon Flexible Payments Service can handle
checkout pipelines and payment methods
Amazon Mechanical Turk can be used for tasks best
suited for human intervention (e.g., image upload and
content approval)

25. Amazon EC2 Tools
AWS Management Console
AWS Toolkit for Eclipse:
Eclipse Java IDE plug-in
iPhone Apps:
Manage EC2 from your iPhone with
ec2Phone, ElasticPod or directEC2
ElasticFox:
Mozilla Firefox extension

26. AWS Management Console
https://console.aws.amazon.com/

27. Other Tools
Managing Amazon S3 & Amazon
CloudFront:
S3Fox, CloudBerry Explorer, Manager for
CloudFront
Managing Amazon SimpleDB:
AWSZone
Managing Elastic MapReduce:
AWS Management Console

28. In Conclusion
Most Important Lesson From Our
Customers:
Start small with a well-defined proof of
concept that will highlight the power of AWS
Build support in your organization
Once one application is launched others will
follow…

29. Thank You
training@varnaaz.com
+91 98455 62620