The document discusses converting the Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) in Hubli-Dharwad, India to a Light Rail Transit (LRT) system. It provides background on the existing BRTS, which experiences issues like traffic congestion. The key reasons discussed for transitioning to LRT include that LRT runs on fixed tracks unaffected by traffic and can offer more frequent service than buses. Case studies of cities like Rio de Janeiro that transitioned from BRTS to LRT are also presented, showing the benefits of improved quality of transport and a more sustainable system.

1. BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM –
LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM OF
HUBLI-DHARWAD
Krishnakanth M
Bachelor of Architecture, (M.Tech in Urban
& Regional Planning in Town Planning)
Research Paper
ALTERNATIVE OF BRTS
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2. CONTENT
20XX PRESENT A TI O N TITLE 2
• Introduction to HDBRTS
• Objectives of HDBRTS
• Indicators of HDBRTS
• Allied Services of HBRTS
• Elements of HDBRTS
• Growth Pattern of HUBLI-DHARWAD
• Cost/Funding of HDBRTS
• Section Analysis of HDBRTS
• Impact of HBRTS
• SWOC Analysis of HDBRTS
• LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT System
• Case Study of Converting BRT-LRT( Transition/ Converting of BRTS-LRT)
• Development & Comparison of Sections
• Proposal according to Phases of Development
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3. INTRODUCTION TO BRTS HUBLI DHARWAD
Hubballi-Dharwad BRTS Company , a Government of Karnataka Undertaking, has been registered as a company
under the Companies Act on 7th May 2012. The company has been established by the Government of Karnataka for
the specific purpose of implementation of BRTS project in the twin cities of Hubballi and Dharwad.
The company has an authorized share capital of INR 20 Cr, out of which 70% is the share of Government of
Karnataka and the remaining 30% is shared by Hubballi-Dharwad Municipal Corporation (HDMC), North-Western
Karnataka Road Transport Corporation (NWKRTC) and Hubballi- Dharwad Urban Development Authority (HDUDA).
The company’s affairs are managed by a Board of Directors. Implementation of various components of Hubballi-
Dharwad BRTS project has already started and the Bus rapid transit system is expected to be commissioned.
Mission :
To transform Hubballi- Dharwad as the most livable and sustainable city in the region through creation of safe,
affordable and world class bus rapid transit infrastructure and services, with focus on commuter comfort and
convenience, integration of modes and information technology.
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T 3
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y
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4. Twin cities separated by about 20 km.
• Single municipal area: 202 Sqkm.
• Population : 0.94 million(2011)
• Density: 4678 persons per sq.km.
• Hubli: commercial centre and business hub of the region.
• Dharwad: administrative seat of the District and Educational hub of the
region. Navalgund, Dharwad, Navanagar, Hubli, Kundgol & Kalghatgi are
the taluks in Dharwad district
• Growth direction: Along the corridor between the two cities
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T 4
SOURCE : ASIA BRT CONFERENCE BY DULT
INTRODUCTION TO BRTS HUBLI DHARWAD
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5. OBJECTIVE OF BRTS HUBLI-DHARWAD
1. To plan for the sustainable development of the city through the process of scientific land use and transport
planning integration.
2. To make Public transport attractive, convenient and preferred choice of the citizens.
3. To promote walking and cycling as preferred modes for short distances and improve the related infrastructure.
4. To build capacities within the city for professional planning and management of urban transport and urban
planning.
5. To promote participation of citizens in planning process.
5
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y
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6. INDICATORS OF BRTS HUBLI-DHARWAD
Travel Characteristics
• Two lane road. • Average time taken: Peak period : 64 mins
• Public transport: main mode. • 0.17 million use PT every day.
• PT operator: NWKRTC, a state government undertaking.
• 6000-7000 PHPDT. Buses comprises 7 % of total traffic along the corridor;
carry 70 % of the passengers.
Context • Project sanctioned for widening of two lanes to four lanes. •
Overall PT mode share for the twin cities: 30% • Two-wheelers: 67% of total
vehicles.
• Vehicle growth rate: 9.5 % • Mobility plan projected drop in PT share to
25% by 2028. Concerns for PT 45% of fleet over-aged, Congested buses, poor
infrastructure, lack of last mile connectivity.
6
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : ASIA BRT CONFERENCE BY DULT
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7. ALLIED SERVICES FOR BRTS HUBLI-DHARWAD
7
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : ASIA BRT CONFERENCE BY DULT
BRT - NETWORK
Proposed BRTS Corridor DHARWAD PROPOSED BRT CORRIDOR: 22.25 Km
NWKRTC terminal Dedicated corridor:21.35 km
Mixed traffic: 0.9 km
Dharwad CBT Jubilee circle
FEEDER SERVICE:
19.7 km Karnataka University RaniChennammacircle (OCBS)
Navanagar Tarihal Industrial area Gopankoppa
Airport LEGEND Hubli Rly Station BRT Corridor HUBLI Hosur cross
Hubli CBT FEEDER Terminal Electricity Grid
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8. ELEMENTS OF BRTS OF HUBLI-DHARWAD
8
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : ASIA BRT CONFERENCE BY DULT
• Dedicated corridor for 21.35 km. In mixed traffic : 0.9km.
• Central bus lanes with Median bus stops, closed system.
• Regular/Express services. Passing lanes.
• At-level boarding & alighting; Off-board fare collection system ; Fare structure: Increase by
16-20% over prevalent fares.
• Rolling stock: 160 : 12m, 900 mm floor buses; articulated buses(30)
• Access to the corridor: At-grade pedestrian crossings; FOBs, Pelican signals.
• Comprehensive development of the city transport infrastructure:
• Depots, workshops, terminals both for BRT and feeder buses.
• Integration, physical, service, fare, information. • ITS for BRT, Depot/workshop
management, feeder services and traffic management. • Last-mile connectivity. • Integrated
Land use and transport planning.
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9. GROWTH PATTERN OF HUBLI-DHARWAD
9
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y
GROWT H PATTER N ACCORDIN G TO POPUL A TI O N GROWT H PATTER N ACCORDIN G TO DEVLOP ME N T
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10. GROWTH PATTERN OF HUBLI-DHARWAD
10
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y
GROWT H PATTER N ACCORDIN G TO AUTOM O TI VE S
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11. PROJECT FUNDING & LAND ACQUISITION
OF HUBLI-DHARWAD
11
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN

12. SECTION ANALYSIS, 44M CORRIDOR OF HBRTS
12
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y
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13. SECTION ANALYSIS, 35M CORRIDOR OF HBRTS
13
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : HUBLI DHARWA D BRTS COMPAN Y

14. IMPACT OF BRTS HUBLI-DHARWAD
14
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : ASIA BRT CONFERENCE BY DULT
Problems faced Due to BRT :
1)Due to many intersections, leading Traffic Congestion & accidents.
2) Lack of sufficient parking facility at BRTS, bus stops irks passengers.
3) The City scape & landscape of the twin cities are been damaged.
4) Hubli-Dharwad being second tier city, has around 25 Traffic signals congestions,
during peak hours the travel time is nearly 45mins - 60 min for 20kms.
5) Landowners cry foul over notices for encroachments.
6) Due to dedicated 4 Lane for buses & 2 lane for private vehicles without parking of
private vehicles on two lanes, creates a major traffic jams/congestion along
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15. IMPACT OF BRTS HUBLI-DHARWAD
15
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : SELF ANALYSI S
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16. SWOC ANALYSIS BRTS OF HUBLI-DHARWAD
16
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : SELF ANALYSI S
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17. LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM (LRT)
17
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE :PUB LI C DOMAIN
On July 12, 1980, the country's president, Ferdinand E. Marcos, created the Light Rail Transit
Authority (LRTA) as a government agency.
Light rail transit (LRT) is a form of passenger urban rail transit characterized by a combination
of tram and rapid transit features. While its rolling stock is similar to a traditional tram, it
operates at a higher capacity and speed, and often on an exclusive right-of-way.
LRT can run aboveground at street level, like streetcars, however they operate in separate
lanes, meaning they are not affected by car and truck traffic. LRT can also run underground,
like subways, as is planned for much of the Eglinton Crosstown LRT.
Components of LRT :
Design and operational elements of LRT include level boarding, off-board fare payment, and
traffic signal priority. Stations are typically spaced farther apart than those of local transit
services and are usually situated where there are higher population and employment
densities.
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18. LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM (LRT)
18
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN
Advantages of LRT
Because light rail vehicles run on fixed tracks, they are less affected by traffic congestion and other disruptions. This mea ns that
light rail systems can offer more frequent and consistent service than buses, which can be delayed by traffic and other facto rs.
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19. LITERATURE STUDY/ CASE STUDY : TRANSITION OF
BRT – LRT (RIO-DE-JENERIO)
19
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN
Rio announces transition from BRT to light rail
The city’s current network, which was inaugurated for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, has three lines with 29 stops, and is served
by a fleet of 32 vehicles each with capacity for 420 passengers
The upgrade project will begin with the conversion of the Transcarioca BRT line, connecting Barra da Tijuca with Galeão International Airport,
and the Transoeste BRT line, which runs from Barra da Tijuca to Santa Cruz, with a branch to Campo Grande. The BRT network already features
dedicated BRT lanes and high-platform stations.
The project is being led by Rio de Janeiro’s Partnership and Investment Company (CCPar), formerly Cdurp, in partnership with the Municipal
Transportation Secretariat (SMTR).
We want to improve the quality of transport for the people of Rio de Janeiro and point the way to the Rio of the future,” says CCPar president,
Mr Gustavo Guerrante. “Light rail is a success story here and around the world. It is the transition to a more sustainable Rio, with a mode of
transport approved by the population
.
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20. LITERATURE STUDY/ CASE STUDY : TRANSITION OF
BRT – LRT (RIO-DE-JENERIO)
20
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN
Rio announces transition from BRT to light rail
The city will continue to improve the existing BRT corridors while
planning for conversion to LRT is underway. The schedule also
includes the delivery of major projects such as the completion of
the Transbrasil BRT route and the Gentileza interchange; the
resurfacing of the Transoeste BRT corridor; and the expansion of
the city’s bicycle path network.
Separately, Alstom has signed a contract for the 700m double-
track extension of the existing light rail network to Gentileza,
where interchange will be provided with BRT and other bus
services. View of LRT@ Rio-DE-JENERIO
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21. LITERATURE STUDY/ CASE STUDY : TRANSITION OF
BRT – LRT (RIO-DE-JENERIO)
21
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN
VLT Carioca is a modern light rail system with 3 lines that
stop at many attractions in Central Rio. Remarkably, they
draw 80% of their electricity from underground but it’s safe
for pedestrians to walk over the rails. The remaining 20% of
VLT electricity usage is from batteries. VLT has eliminated
60% of buses and 15% of automobile traffic from Central
Rio.
The city also has vintage streetcars that run from central
Rio through Lapa across the great white arch to Santa
Teresa. They are not air-conditioned. Corcovado Tram goes
up the mountain to Christ The Redeemer Statue. The Light
Rail Transit is reached from Central Rio by vintage streetcar,
taxi, or Uber ride. View of LRT@ Rio-DE-JENERIO
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22. TRANSITION OF BRT-LRT
22
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN & BRTS COMPAN Y
• Future Expansion : Conversion of
Hubli Dharwad BRTS-LRT, based on
increase in:
• Growth Of Population of City
• Daily Commuters to both Cities
• Vehicular Growth of both cities.
For more Function & Sustainable Hubli
Dharwad.
IMPLEMENTATION FOR HUBLI_DHARWAD
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23. PROPOSALS ACCORDING TO PHASES
23
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : PUBLIC DOMAIN & BRTS COMPAN Y
Phase I :
• The Green Lane can be converted into LRT, with elevated
platforms like metro with single lane, without damaging the
stations.
• The traffic floe becomes an ease as city gets 4 lanes on
either sides.
Phase II :
• The Mixed Lane can be Underground LRT/ feeder buses to
connect inner core of the city also can connect to Airport &
inner core area of CBD Hubli Taluk
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24. CONCLUSION
24
T R A N S I T I O N O F B R T - L R T
SOURCE : SELF ANALYSI S
Conclusion :
• Transition helps in better function & Sustainable transport Network
for Dharwad & Hubli Taluk.
• This helps less in congestion on main roads.
• This helps the private vehicles to maneuver in city freely, without
any reasons as they get 4lane on either sides of the road.
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25. THANK YOU