Asthma is a chronic lung disease that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways. It is more common in boys than girls and is a leading cause of school absences. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, and difficulty breathing. While it often develops before age 5, many children will outgrow asthma. Treatment focuses on reducing triggers and using medications to open airways. Parents and teachers should monitor children for symptoms and know how to respond during an asthma attack.