The document summarizes India's river systems. It describes how rivers originate and flow through different stages from youthful to mature to older. It notes that India's river systems can be categorized as Himalayan or peninsular rivers. Himalayan rivers originate in the Himalayas and are longer and perennial, while peninsular rivers originate in the Deccan plateau and are shorter, drying up in summer. It provides details on the Indus river system, the longest in India, describing its source, tributaries, and flow through India and Pakistan before draining into the Arabian Sea. It mentions the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan that allocates water rights.
The document discusses river drainage systems in India. It explains that a river system includes a main river and its tributaries, and the area drained by a river and its tributaries is called a drainage basin. Some of the largest drainage basins in the world include the Ganges River basin in India, the Nile River basin in Africa, and the Amazon River basin in South America. It also describes the three stages in a river's journey - the youthful stage involving vertical erosion, the mature stage involving lateral erosion and landforms like meanders, and the older stage where a river flows slowly and mainly involves deposition of silt and sand to form landforms like deltas.
Rivers originate from precipitation and flow towards oceans, lakes or other rivers. They have varied water and sediment discharge and shape their valleys over thousands of years through erosion. Rivers have played a vital role in human civilization by providing water, enabling irrigation and transportation, and serving as foundations for culture, tradition, and political organization. Rivers have significantly impacted livelihoods and the development of many early civilizations throughout history.
Rivers form from rainwater flowing over land and collecting in streams. They flow from high elevations down to oceans, lakes or other bodies of water. Rivers have common structures like watersheds, basins, tributaries and channels. The largest rivers include the Nile, Amazon and Mississippi. Rivers experience flooding when water exceeds capacity. Dams help control flooding but are also used for water collection and power generation. Bridges allow crossing rivers. Life like bears and beavers inhabit rivers, which support surrounding plant growth. Flow rates are measured in cubic meters per second.
How streams are classified? The most popular measurable terms classifying the flowing water body into "the stream order" are discussed in this presentation. .
The document discusses different types of bodies of water such as streams, rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Streams are small and narrow bodies of water that join together to form wider rivers. Rivers can empty into lakes and range from clear to muddy. People and animals rely on streams and rivers as a source of fresh drinking water.
The Kosi River flows from the northern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet through Nepal and into the Indian state of Bihar. It is known as the Sapta Kosi due to its seven major tributaries - the Sun Koshi, Indravati, Bhote Koshi, Dudh Koshi, Arun, Barun, and Tamur Rivers. Between the Sunsari and Saptari districts in Bihar, the Kosi River was embanked in 1958-1962 to control seasonal flooding, but it remains prone to shifting its course and sediment deposition which cause problems like waterlogging. The river has a very high sediment load and frequently shifts its path westward across the fertile lands of its all
This document provides information about rivers and wetlands. It explains that rivers are formed from streams joining together and flow downhill from mountains and creeks. Wetlands are areas saturated with water, like swamps. The document lists common animals found in rivers like fish, turtles, and insects and in wetlands like alligators, manatees, and snakes. It provides examples of some major rivers and wetlands around the world.
The document summarizes India's river systems. It describes how rivers originate and flow through different stages from youthful to mature to older. It notes that India's river systems can be categorized as Himalayan or peninsular rivers. Himalayan rivers originate in the Himalayas and are longer and perennial, while peninsular rivers originate in the Deccan plateau and are shorter, drying up in summer. It provides details on the Indus river system, the longest in India, describing its source, tributaries, and flow through India and Pakistan before draining into the Arabian Sea. It mentions the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan that allocates water rights.
The document discusses river drainage systems in India. It explains that a river system includes a main river and its tributaries, and the area drained by a river and its tributaries is called a drainage basin. Some of the largest drainage basins in the world include the Ganges River basin in India, the Nile River basin in Africa, and the Amazon River basin in South America. It also describes the three stages in a river's journey - the youthful stage involving vertical erosion, the mature stage involving lateral erosion and landforms like meanders, and the older stage where a river flows slowly and mainly involves deposition of silt and sand to form landforms like deltas.
Rivers originate from precipitation and flow towards oceans, lakes or other rivers. They have varied water and sediment discharge and shape their valleys over thousands of years through erosion. Rivers have played a vital role in human civilization by providing water, enabling irrigation and transportation, and serving as foundations for culture, tradition, and political organization. Rivers have significantly impacted livelihoods and the development of many early civilizations throughout history.
Rivers form from rainwater flowing over land and collecting in streams. They flow from high elevations down to oceans, lakes or other bodies of water. Rivers have common structures like watersheds, basins, tributaries and channels. The largest rivers include the Nile, Amazon and Mississippi. Rivers experience flooding when water exceeds capacity. Dams help control flooding but are also used for water collection and power generation. Bridges allow crossing rivers. Life like bears and beavers inhabit rivers, which support surrounding plant growth. Flow rates are measured in cubic meters per second.
How streams are classified? The most popular measurable terms classifying the flowing water body into "the stream order" are discussed in this presentation. .
The document discusses different types of bodies of water such as streams, rivers, lakes, and waterfalls. Streams are small and narrow bodies of water that join together to form wider rivers. Rivers can empty into lakes and range from clear to muddy. People and animals rely on streams and rivers as a source of fresh drinking water.
The Kosi River flows from the northern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet through Nepal and into the Indian state of Bihar. It is known as the Sapta Kosi due to its seven major tributaries - the Sun Koshi, Indravati, Bhote Koshi, Dudh Koshi, Arun, Barun, and Tamur Rivers. Between the Sunsari and Saptari districts in Bihar, the Kosi River was embanked in 1958-1962 to control seasonal flooding, but it remains prone to shifting its course and sediment deposition which cause problems like waterlogging. The river has a very high sediment load and frequently shifts its path westward across the fertile lands of its all
This document provides information about rivers and wetlands. It explains that rivers are formed from streams joining together and flow downhill from mountains and creeks. Wetlands are areas saturated with water, like swamps. The document lists common animals found in rivers like fish, turtles, and insects and in wetlands like alligators, manatees, and snakes. It provides examples of some major rivers and wetlands around the world.
The document discusses the immense size of the oceans, which cover over 70% of the Earth's surface and have an average depth of over 12,000 feet. It describes the diversity of over 1 million known marine species that live in all ocean environments, from the surface to deep sea vents. The text also explains how ocean life depends on food chains and webs that originate from photosynthesis at the surface or chemosynthesis at deep sea vents. Seas are smaller parts of the ocean enclosed by land, while the five oceans range in size from the massive Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean.
This document discusses the three pathways for water movement within plant tissues: the apoplastic pathway, symplastic pathway, and vacuolar pathway. The apoplastic pathway moves water through free spaces outside living cells like intercellular spaces and dead vessel cells. Around 90% of water travels through this pathway. The symplastic pathway moves water through plasmodesmata connecting living cell contents. The vacuolar pathway moves water into and out of cell vacuoles through osmosis across membranes.
The document provides an overview of the geography of Africa. It notes that Africa is the second largest continent, covering around 11.7 million square miles. Key geographical features discussed include the Sahara Desert, which covers about 1/3 of the continent; savannas, which make up 50% of Africa and contain most wildlife; and plateaus, rivers, coastal areas, and the Great Rift Valley, an extensive canyon system hosting many lakes. Major rivers include the Nile, Congo, and Zambezi. The climate varies significantly from tropical in coastal areas to desert in the Sahara.
Rivers are extremely important for many reasons. They provide food and water for drinking, irrigation for farming, and habitat for many species of fish. Rivers are also a major source of energy through water mills and dams for hydroelectric power. Politically, rivers form boundaries and support defense. Culturally, rivers allow for the spread of civilization by enabling movement of people and exchange of goods and ideas. Rivers are important for transportation of products and minerals. Economically, rivers support commerce, exploration of trade routes, and economic stability. Rivers also provide opportunities for tourism through recreation, boating, and excursions. Overall, rivers play a vital role and their protection is important for current and future generations.
The Amazon River is the largest river basin in the world, covering over 6.9 million square kilometers in South America. During the rainy season, the river averages 40 meters deep and 40 kilometers wide, while the flooded area triples to over 350,000 square kilometers. The Amazon Rainforest contains over one third of the world's species and the river itself is home to more than 3,000 recognized fish species.
The document discusses the devastating 1952 flooding in Lynmouth, England. It began with over 11 inches of rain falling in 24 hours, saturating the ground and causing the East and West Lyn Rivers to burst their banks. The flood waters destroyed 39 buildings and killed 34 people as 30-foot walls of debris and 15-ton boulders were swept through town. Since then, flood prevention strategies have been implemented, including widening and deepening the river, raising riverbanks, and straightening curves to better direct water flow to the sea.
REVISION AS CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: RIVERS - HJULSTROM CURVEGeorge Dumitrache
The Hjulstrom curve shows the relationship between flow velocity and sediment transport, with larger particles being deposited first as velocity decreases due to losing the energy needed to transport heavier sediment, while higher velocities are required to both erode and transport larger particles due to their weight and the cohesion of smaller particles.
The document lists and provides details on the top 10 longest rivers in the world. It discusses the Nile River as the longest at 6,650 km, flowing through 11 countries in Africa. The second longest is debated as being the Amazon River at 6,575 km or the Nile, with the Amazon's source uncertain and draining parts of 9 South American countries. The third longest is China's Yangtze River at 6,300 km, with over a third of China's population living in its basin. The fourth longest system is the Mississippi River at 6,275 km, formed from the Mississippi, Missouri, and Jefferson rivers draining 31 US states and 2 Canadian provinces.
There are many bodies of water in the United States including lakes, rivers, and oceans. Some important rivers discussed include the Mississippi River, which is the largest river system in North America, the Colorado River, and the Arkansas River. The Great Lakes along the US-Canada border were also covered, including Lake Erie being the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the five lakes. Finally, the three oceans bordering the US were mentioned with the Pacific Ocean identified as the largest oceanic division.
This document provides summaries of 10 important rivers around the world. It begins with the Sepik River in New Guinea, then discusses the Mississippi River in the US, the Volga River in Russia, the Zambezi River in southern Africa, the Mekong River in Southeast Asia, the Ganges River in India, the Danube River in Europe, the Yangtze River in China, the Nile River in northern Africa, and concludes with the Amazon River which flows through South America. For each river, it provides key details about the river's length, location, importance, and in some cases wildlife.
Lakes and rivers are important bodies of freshwater on Earth. Lakes and rivers contain water, which can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. While water covers 70% of the Earth's surface, most is saltwater - only 1% of the total water on Earth is freshwater available for human use, found primarily in lakes and rivers. Rivers drain the landscape and transport water and minerals to oceans, beginning as small streams and merging into larger rivers like the Amazon and Mississippi that span great distances. Lakes vary in depth, size, and location around the world, storing about 90% of the Earth's surface freshwater aside from oceans.
The Amazon River is the largest river in the world by volume of water carried and is responsible for 25% of the fresh water flowing into oceans. It is over 6,400 km long with the largest watershed of any river, containing over 200 tributaries originating from the Andes Mountains across five countries. The massive Amazon River meets the Atlantic Ocean, modifying the color and salinity of the ocean for over 320 km before emptying its waters into the sea.
The document summarizes 10 major rivers around the world, including their locations and key features. The Amazon River is highlighted as the second longest and largest by volume, flowing through South America. The Nile River is the longest and crucial to Egypt's civilization. The Yangtze River is the longest in China and hosts the largest hydroelectric dam. The Danube flows through several European capitals. The Ganges is considered holy in Hinduism. The Mekong supports rich biodiversity but species are endangered. The Zambezi features Victoria Falls. The Volga is the longest river in Europe. The Mississippi drains much of the central US. The Sepik River winds through Papua New Guinea with isolated tribes possessing unique
The Amazon River By Steven Green 97 2003 Powerpointyear 6 DBIS
The Amazon River flows through 7 South American countries before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. At over 6,400 km long, it is the second longest river in the world. The river begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru and passes through dense rainforest before reaching its enormous mouth, which is over 60 km wide and larger than the length of the Thames River in London. The Amazon River is home to many species of wildlife including bull sharks, anacondas, piranhas, and Amazon river dolphins.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area. The Ojibwe Indians named it Gichigami meaning "big water." It has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Some of the oldest rocks in the world can be found on its shores and it provides many recreational activities while also being home to shipwrecks and massive storms due to its size.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area. The Ojibwe Indians named it Gichigami meaning "big water." It has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Some of the oldest rocks in the world can be found on its shores and it provides many recreational activities while also being home to shipwrecks and massive storms due to its size.
The document lists and provides brief descriptions of 13 major rivers around the world. It describes the Amazon River as the largest by volume and found in South America. It also discusses the Nile River as the longest river in the world flowing through Egypt, and the Mississippi River as the longest river in North America forming part of the western border of Tennessee. Finally, it summarizes several other major rivers including the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers in China, the Ganges River in India, and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Turkey and Iraq that were important to early civilizations.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area, containing 10% of the earth's fresh surface water. Named Gichigami by the Ojibwe Indians meaning "big water", it has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 3 quadrillion gallons of water. With underwater visibility up to 100 feet and waves reaching 30 feet, Lake Superior is renowned for its clarity, size, and power.
This document discusses Georgia's seven main rivers: the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, Flint, Ocmulgee, Oconee, Savannah, and St. Mary's Rivers. It provides details on the source and flow of each river, as well as historical and ecological information. Many were named by the Creek Indians and several, like the Chattahoochee and Flint, played important roles in Georgia's early history and development. The rivers support a variety of wildlife and ecosystems and provide water resources to much of the state's population.
Lake Superior is nicknamed "Big Water" by the Ojibwe Indians and is referenced in Longfellow's poem Song of Hiawatha. It has a surface area greater than several New England states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Storms can produce waves up to 30 feet tall on Lake Superior, which contains some of the oldest and clearest fresh water on Earth.
The document discusses the immense size of the oceans, which cover over 70% of the Earth's surface and have an average depth of over 12,000 feet. It describes the diversity of over 1 million known marine species that live in all ocean environments, from the surface to deep sea vents. The text also explains how ocean life depends on food chains and webs that originate from photosynthesis at the surface or chemosynthesis at deep sea vents. Seas are smaller parts of the ocean enclosed by land, while the five oceans range in size from the massive Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean.
This document discusses the three pathways for water movement within plant tissues: the apoplastic pathway, symplastic pathway, and vacuolar pathway. The apoplastic pathway moves water through free spaces outside living cells like intercellular spaces and dead vessel cells. Around 90% of water travels through this pathway. The symplastic pathway moves water through plasmodesmata connecting living cell contents. The vacuolar pathway moves water into and out of cell vacuoles through osmosis across membranes.
The document provides an overview of the geography of Africa. It notes that Africa is the second largest continent, covering around 11.7 million square miles. Key geographical features discussed include the Sahara Desert, which covers about 1/3 of the continent; savannas, which make up 50% of Africa and contain most wildlife; and plateaus, rivers, coastal areas, and the Great Rift Valley, an extensive canyon system hosting many lakes. Major rivers include the Nile, Congo, and Zambezi. The climate varies significantly from tropical in coastal areas to desert in the Sahara.
Rivers are extremely important for many reasons. They provide food and water for drinking, irrigation for farming, and habitat for many species of fish. Rivers are also a major source of energy through water mills and dams for hydroelectric power. Politically, rivers form boundaries and support defense. Culturally, rivers allow for the spread of civilization by enabling movement of people and exchange of goods and ideas. Rivers are important for transportation of products and minerals. Economically, rivers support commerce, exploration of trade routes, and economic stability. Rivers also provide opportunities for tourism through recreation, boating, and excursions. Overall, rivers play a vital role and their protection is important for current and future generations.
The Amazon River is the largest river basin in the world, covering over 6.9 million square kilometers in South America. During the rainy season, the river averages 40 meters deep and 40 kilometers wide, while the flooded area triples to over 350,000 square kilometers. The Amazon Rainforest contains over one third of the world's species and the river itself is home to more than 3,000 recognized fish species.
The document discusses the devastating 1952 flooding in Lynmouth, England. It began with over 11 inches of rain falling in 24 hours, saturating the ground and causing the East and West Lyn Rivers to burst their banks. The flood waters destroyed 39 buildings and killed 34 people as 30-foot walls of debris and 15-ton boulders were swept through town. Since then, flood prevention strategies have been implemented, including widening and deepening the river, raising riverbanks, and straightening curves to better direct water flow to the sea.
REVISION AS CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: RIVERS - HJULSTROM CURVEGeorge Dumitrache
The Hjulstrom curve shows the relationship between flow velocity and sediment transport, with larger particles being deposited first as velocity decreases due to losing the energy needed to transport heavier sediment, while higher velocities are required to both erode and transport larger particles due to their weight and the cohesion of smaller particles.
The document lists and provides details on the top 10 longest rivers in the world. It discusses the Nile River as the longest at 6,650 km, flowing through 11 countries in Africa. The second longest is debated as being the Amazon River at 6,575 km or the Nile, with the Amazon's source uncertain and draining parts of 9 South American countries. The third longest is China's Yangtze River at 6,300 km, with over a third of China's population living in its basin. The fourth longest system is the Mississippi River at 6,275 km, formed from the Mississippi, Missouri, and Jefferson rivers draining 31 US states and 2 Canadian provinces.
There are many bodies of water in the United States including lakes, rivers, and oceans. Some important rivers discussed include the Mississippi River, which is the largest river system in North America, the Colorado River, and the Arkansas River. The Great Lakes along the US-Canada border were also covered, including Lake Erie being the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the five lakes. Finally, the three oceans bordering the US were mentioned with the Pacific Ocean identified as the largest oceanic division.
This document provides summaries of 10 important rivers around the world. It begins with the Sepik River in New Guinea, then discusses the Mississippi River in the US, the Volga River in Russia, the Zambezi River in southern Africa, the Mekong River in Southeast Asia, the Ganges River in India, the Danube River in Europe, the Yangtze River in China, the Nile River in northern Africa, and concludes with the Amazon River which flows through South America. For each river, it provides key details about the river's length, location, importance, and in some cases wildlife.
Lakes and rivers are important bodies of freshwater on Earth. Lakes and rivers contain water, which can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas. While water covers 70% of the Earth's surface, most is saltwater - only 1% of the total water on Earth is freshwater available for human use, found primarily in lakes and rivers. Rivers drain the landscape and transport water and minerals to oceans, beginning as small streams and merging into larger rivers like the Amazon and Mississippi that span great distances. Lakes vary in depth, size, and location around the world, storing about 90% of the Earth's surface freshwater aside from oceans.
The Amazon River is the largest river in the world by volume of water carried and is responsible for 25% of the fresh water flowing into oceans. It is over 6,400 km long with the largest watershed of any river, containing over 200 tributaries originating from the Andes Mountains across five countries. The massive Amazon River meets the Atlantic Ocean, modifying the color and salinity of the ocean for over 320 km before emptying its waters into the sea.
The document summarizes 10 major rivers around the world, including their locations and key features. The Amazon River is highlighted as the second longest and largest by volume, flowing through South America. The Nile River is the longest and crucial to Egypt's civilization. The Yangtze River is the longest in China and hosts the largest hydroelectric dam. The Danube flows through several European capitals. The Ganges is considered holy in Hinduism. The Mekong supports rich biodiversity but species are endangered. The Zambezi features Victoria Falls. The Volga is the longest river in Europe. The Mississippi drains much of the central US. The Sepik River winds through Papua New Guinea with isolated tribes possessing unique
The Amazon River By Steven Green 97 2003 Powerpointyear 6 DBIS
The Amazon River flows through 7 South American countries before emptying into the Atlantic Ocean. At over 6,400 km long, it is the second longest river in the world. The river begins in the Andes Mountains in Peru and passes through dense rainforest before reaching its enormous mouth, which is over 60 km wide and larger than the length of the Thames River in London. The Amazon River is home to many species of wildlife including bull sharks, anacondas, piranhas, and Amazon river dolphins.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area. The Ojibwe Indians named it Gichigami meaning "big water." It has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Some of the oldest rocks in the world can be found on its shores and it provides many recreational activities while also being home to shipwrecks and massive storms due to its size.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area. The Ojibwe Indians named it Gichigami meaning "big water." It has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Some of the oldest rocks in the world can be found on its shores and it provides many recreational activities while also being home to shipwrecks and massive storms due to its size.
The document lists and provides brief descriptions of 13 major rivers around the world. It describes the Amazon River as the largest by volume and found in South America. It also discusses the Nile River as the longest river in the world flowing through Egypt, and the Mississippi River as the longest river in North America forming part of the western border of Tennessee. Finally, it summarizes several other major rivers including the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers in China, the Ganges River in India, and the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Turkey and Iraq that were important to early civilizations.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area, containing 10% of the earth's fresh surface water. Named Gichigami by the Ojibwe Indians meaning "big water", it has a surface area greater than several U.S. states combined and contains 3 quadrillion gallons of water. With underwater visibility up to 100 feet and waves reaching 30 feet, Lake Superior is renowned for its clarity, size, and power.
This document discusses Georgia's seven main rivers: the Altamaha, Chattahoochee, Flint, Ocmulgee, Oconee, Savannah, and St. Mary's Rivers. It provides details on the source and flow of each river, as well as historical and ecological information. Many were named by the Creek Indians and several, like the Chattahoochee and Flint, played important roles in Georgia's early history and development. The rivers support a variety of wildlife and ecosystems and provide water resources to much of the state's population.
Lake Superior is nicknamed "Big Water" by the Ojibwe Indians and is referenced in Longfellow's poem Song of Hiawatha. It has a surface area greater than several New England states combined and contains 10% of the world's surface fresh water. Storms can produce waves up to 30 feet tall on Lake Superior, which contains some of the oldest and clearest fresh water on Earth.
This document discusses the importance of rivers and provides details on some of the major rivers in the world. It defines key river geography terms like tributaries, distributaries, deltas, and estuaries. It also notes that while rivers provide opportunities, they also pose threats, and that human activities have threatened rivers. Sustainable management of rivers is important as over two-thirds of the world's population will live in water-stressed areas by 2025 due to depletion exceeding natural recharge of rivers.
Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. It exists in three states: solid ice, liquid water, and gas steam. Most water on Earth is salt water in the oceans, while only a small portion is fresh water available for human use. Humans overuse and waste much of the available fresh water. If water usage is not reduced, the limited fresh water resources could be depleted, endangering all life on Earth that depends on water.
Water is found in oceans, lakes, rivers, streams, and ponds. Oceans contain about 97% of the world's water and cover 71% of the Earth's surface. Lakes are bodies of water surrounded by land that can vary in size. Rivers are large streams that flow over land and help shape it. Streams are smaller bodies of water that flow between banks. Ponds are small areas of still, fresh water.
Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes by surface area at 31,700 square miles. It contains 3 quadrillion gallons of water, or 10% of the earth's fresh surface water. Due to its great size and depth, waves can reach heights of 30 feet and visibility underwater extends to 100 feet in some areas, making it the clearest of the Great Lakes. Lake Superior is geologically very old, containing some of the oldest rocks on Earth at 2.7 billion years of age.
This document provides information on major rivers and lakes around the world. It describes the key details of 20 rivers, including their locations, sources, lengths and other geographic features. It also outlines 13 lakes, noting their sizes, locations spanning multiple countries in some cases, and other distinguishing characteristics. The document offers a comprehensive overview of the world's major rivers and lakes.
Rivers, climate and vegetation2 5th gradeisamadero79
Rivers originate in mountains and flow into seas, lakes or other rivers. A river has an upper, middle and lower course. The upper course is near the source and the water moves fast over a steep river bed. In the middle course, the river widens and forms meanderings as the river bed flattens. The lower course near the mouth is wide with slow moving water over a flat river bed. A river's flow depends on precipitation levels, with irregular flows in Mediterranean rivers and more regular flows in Atlantic and Cantabrian watershed rivers.
Similar to Alexander Zingman : 5 лепшых рэк свету (20)
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
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Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
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3. Рака - гэта стужкападобны вадаём, які цячэ ўніз ад сілы
прыцягнення. Рака можа быць шырокай і глыбокай або
досыць дробнай, каб чалавек мог перабрацца ўброд.
Праточны вадаём, меншы за раку, называецца ручаём,
ручаём або ручаём.
Некаторыя рэкі цякуць круглы год, а іншыя цякуць толькі ў
пэўны сезон або калі было шмат дажджоў. Даўжыня самых
вялікіх рэк можа дасягаць тысячы кіламетраў. Эрозійная сіла
рэк можа ўтвараць геалагічныя цуды, такія як Гранд-Каньён.
4. In this Video, we have provided the list of
the Top 5 longest rivers of the world
along with their length and country of
origin.
5. There are a couple of key factors to consider when
trying to identify the longest river in the world, namely:
• The source (where the river starts)
• The location of the river mouth (where the river ejects,
effectively where the river end and the
sea/ocean/estuary begins)
6. The Nile river is considered to be the longest river in the
world. Lake Victoria is considered to be the source of the
river. It flow through the Egypt, Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Tanzania, Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
Eritrea, Burundi, Sudan, and South Sudan.
Блакітны і Белы Ніл - два прытокі ракі. Хаця для
большасці з нас рака Ніл з'яўляецца самай доўгай ракой
у свеце
The Nile River
7.
8. The Amazon River is undoubtedly the largest river in the
world by discharge volume of water. However, its position as
the second-longest river in the world is highly disputed as the
title has for long been granted to the Nile River in Egypt.
The dispute arises from the determination of the origin of the
Amazon. A recent 2014 study claims that the origin of the
Amazon can be traced to the Cordillera Rumi Cruz.
The Amazon River
9.
10. The Yangtze River is the world's third longest river and the longest to
flow entirely within one country. It is also the longest river in Asia. The
river basin of the Yangtze houses one-third of the population of the
most populated country in the world i.e., China. Traditionally, the
government of China recognizes the Tuotuo tributary located in the
Tanggula Mountains as the source of the river.
According to new data, however, the source of the Yangtze River is located
in the Jari Hill from where the headwaters of the Dam Qu tributary
originate.
The Yangtze River
11.
12. The river system comprising of the Mississippi, Missouri, and
Jefferson rivers, is regarded as the world's fourth longest river
system. The river system drains 31 US states and 2 Canadian
provinces. The Mississippi River begins in northern Minnesota
where Lake Itasca is believed to be the source of the river and
drains into the Gulf of Mexico.
However, when we regarded the Jefferson River as the furthest source
of the Mississippi River, then we get the Mississippi–Missouri–
Jefferson river system.
The Mississippi River
13.
14. This is the world's fifth-longest river system and the largest
draining into the Arctic Ocean. The Selenge River is regarded as the
headwaters of this river system. The Selenge River is 992 km long
and drains into Lake Baikal.
The Angara river rises from Lake Baikal near Listvyanka and flows
through the Irkutsk Oblast of Russia and finally joins the Yenisei River
near Strelka. The Yenisei finally drains into the Arctic Ocean. The total
length covered is 5,539 miles.
The Yenisei River