A skyscraper is a tall, multi-story building that stands as a prominent feature of urban landscapes. Characterized by its height and verticality, a skyscraper is designed to maximize space efficiency, often accommodating offices, residences, or commercial spaces. These architectural marvels use steel and concrete construction techniques, featuring a distinctive towering silhouette that symbolizes modern urban development. Skyscrapers serve as landmarks, offering breathtaking views, and contribute to the dynamic skyline of cities worldwide.

1. Al Hamra Firdous Tower,
Kuwait
ARCHITECT:
OWINGS & MERRILL SKIDMORE
YEAR:
2006-2011
LOCATION:
KUWAIT CITY, KUWAIT

2. Developer
Al Hamra Real Estate
Designed in
2005
Built in
2006-2011
Height
412,6 m
Top Floor Height
368 m
Floors
77
Elevators
47
Location
Kuwait City, Kuwait
• Climate Of Kuwait : Desert Climate, Hot & Dry Climate.

3. INTRODUCTION

4. • Concept design & geometry • The geometry of the tower is
based on a set of criteria :
• the strategy of future financial customers • environmental
factors i.e. sun exposure and wind loading. • The resulting
shape provides transparency into the gulf and opacity to
severe desert.
• The building resembles an elegant hidden figure with a
delicate glass veil reflecting the silhouette of the city based
on site allotment and sun path concept
• Geometry :
• The unique geometry of the Tower creates the illusion of a
subtle elegant twist, which reflects the profile of the peninsula
with its delicate glass veil, allowing breath-taking views of the
Arabian Gulf.
• Design : • the intricate geometry of the tower is defined
a pure, simple formal operation, which is based on the
CONCEPT

5. • HIGH RISE
• LOW ZONE : 56 – 64
• CROSSOVER : 65
• HIGH ZONE : 65 -75 (Executive Floors on the 74th
75th providing the highest business address in
with unique experience)
• MID RISE
• LOW ZONE : 31 – 41
• CROSSOVER : 42
• HIGH ZONE : 42 -51
LOW RISE
• LOW ZONE : 6 - 16
• CROSSOVER : 16
• HIGH ZONE : 17 - 26
BUSINESS TOWER

6. • Like many tall buildings, Al Hamra has a central core shear built in
reinforced concrete and a sturdy perimeter frame. However,
approximately one quarter of the square ground plate has been
removed.
• The deleted portion gradually changes at each level, moving
slowly from the southwest corner, near the bases of the building
where it meets the podium, to the southeast corner at the apex of
the tower.
• Resulting from the cutting edges are defined by a pair of walls
hyperbolic paraboloid.
SUBSTRACTIVE GEOMETRY

19. 432 PARK AVENUE

20. INTRODUCTION
• A residential skyscraper in New York city.
• ARCHITECT: Rafael Viñoly Architects
• Originally proposed to be 1,300 feet (396.2
meters) in 2011, the structure topped out at
ft (425.5 m).
• Second-tallest building in New York city after
world trade center and the fifteenth- tallest
building in the world.
• Construction began in 2012 and was completed
on December 23, 2015.
• The slim and elegant square tower will ascend 96
storeys and will be constructed using architectural
concrete, steel, and glass.
• creating column-free interiors for the building’s
104 luxury residences.

21. DESIGN
• The design of the structure was conceived by
architect Rafael Viñoly • Design was inspired by a
trash can designed in 1905 by an Austrian
designer.
• • To support its thin orthogonal frame, the
structure features larger columns at its base than
on the upper floors.
• • The tower has eighty-four 8,255-square- foot
(766.9 m2) stories. Design inspired from trash
Apartments and amenities

22. STRUCTURE SYSTEM
• It is the tallest residential structural concrete
building . • The building consist of two structural
tubes.
• Simplicity is the defining trait of 432 Park Avenue.
• With a series of large glass windows set in a
regular grid of exposed concrete members, the
building offers a clean, rational exterior, rising
of the ground as a singular, white monolith.
• The gridded window scheme forms the
exoskeleton of the building and bears structural
loads, thus no interior columns are needed
between the elevator core’s shear walls and the
façade of the building.

23. BUILDING MATERIALS
• Structural Material – Concrete Exterior faces
consist of white concrete columns and horizontal
spandrel beams with 10’ x 10’ windows. •
Portland Cement.
• The building consists of a concrete core of
architectural concrete surrounding a steel
within and clad with curtain of glass.
• The exterior faces of the building feature cast-
place concrete made with white Portland cement.

24. THANK YOU
RAIYYAN KHALAK 193561050018