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John Dalton was an English chemist and physicist best known for his pioneering work in developing atomic theory. In 1808, Dalton presented his atomic theory, which proposed that (1) matter is made up of extremely small indivisible particles called atoms, (2) atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties, and (3) atoms of different elements can combine to form compounds with fixed ratios of the constituent atoms. Dalton's atomic theory provided an explanation for laws of conservation of mass and definite proportions in chemical reactions.




