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This document describes a student project to study the effect of antibiotics on microorganisms. The objective is to examine how four different antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, aureomycin, and terramicin) inhibit the growth of microorganisms found in soil. The procedure involves preparing a potato dextrose agar culture medium and adding soil samples mixed with the antibiotics to petri dishes. The petri dishes are observed to count and measure microbial colonies, and determine which antibiotics are most effective at inhibiting microbial growth. The conclusion is that penicillin and terramicin were the most effective antibiotics against the microorganisms in the soil.
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- 2. STUDY OF EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTICS ON MICROORGANISMS BY AJAY.R
- 3. ABSTRACT Antibiotics are the organic secretion produced by micro – organisms, which in low concentrations are antagonistic to the growth of other micro – organisms (mostly pathogens). Antibiotics have proved very useful in combating several bacterial diseases in man an animal. Antibiotics are commonly obtained from actinomycetes and some eubacteria. Some of the important antibiotics are streptomycin, Aureomycin, teramycin, Chloromycetin, erythromycin, neomycin etc.
- 4. Soil is a natural medium that harbors several types of micro – organism .These micro- organisms can be frown on culture media. The effect of different types of antibiotics can be studied on the growth of micro - organism growing in culture medium. This is an important subject, therefore the study of effect of antibiotics on micro - organism has been taken for the present project.
- 5. OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT The aim of this project is to study the effect of antibiotics on micro – organisms. Experime nt To study the effect of antibiotics on micro-organisms
- 6. REQUIREMENT S • POTATO ,AGAR, DEXTROSE , DISTILLED WATER , FOUR DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANTIBIOTICS (SUCH AS PENICILLIN , STREPTOMYCIN , AUREOMYCIN , TERAMYCIN ) , SYRINGE , OVEN STERILIZED PETRIDISH , FLASKS , BEAKERS , PIPETTES , GARDEN SOIL , GLASS MARKER PEN , ETC
- 7. PROCEDUR E • A) PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIUM • 1. POTATO DEXTROSE AGAR (PDA) MEDIUM TAKE 200 G OF PEELED POTATO CHIPS. BOIL THEM WITH 500 ML OF WATER IN A BEAKER FOR 15 MINUTES SQUEEZE THE POTATO PULP THUS OBTAINED THROUGH A MUSLIN CLOTH AND KEEP IT IN A FLASK. • TAKE 20 G OF AGAR IN A BEAKER AND WARM IT WITH 500 ML OF WATER . • MIX BOTH THE SOLUTION OF POTATO AND AGAR AND ADD 20 G DEXTROSE TO IT THUS ONE LITRE OF PDA MEDIUM IS PREPARED AUTOCLAVE THE MEDIUM AT 15 POUNDS PRESSURE FOR 15
- 8. • B. EFFECTS OF ANTIBIOTICS ON SOIL MICRO0 ORGANISMS • I) TAKE 2 G OF SOIL AND DISSOLVE IT IN 10 ML OF WATER IN A BEAKER. LET THE SOIL PARTICLE SETTLE DOWN • II) TAKE 5 OVEN STERILIZED PETRIDISHES AND POUR 1 ML OF SOIL SUSPENSION IN EACH OF THE PLATES. NOW POUR 1ML OF THE FOUR ANTIBIOTICS SEPARATELY IN FOUR PETRIDISHES WITH THE HELP OF SYRINGE, AND MARK THEM WITH MARKER PEN. LEAVE THE FIFTH PETRIDISH WITHOUT ANTIBIOTIC TO SERVE AS CONTROL. • III) POUR PDA IN EACH OF THE PETRIDISHES AND MIX THE SUSPENSION BY ROTATING THE PETRIDISHES. LEAVE THE PETRIDISHES UNDISTURBED AT A WARM PLACE
- 9. OBSERVATION • THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ANTIBIOTICS ON THE MICRO – ORGANISMS CAN BE ASSESSED BY COUNTING THE NUMBER AND SIZE OF THE COLONIES GROWING IN THE PETRIDISHES.
- 10. CONCLUSIONS •PENCILLIN AND TERRAMYCIN WAS MOST EFFECTIVE ANTIBIOTIC AGAINST MICROORGANISM IN SOIL