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The document discusses various aspects of allergies and the lymphatic/immune systems. It notes that allergies cause hypersensitivity reactions and can occur through skin contact, injection, ingestion, or inhalation. It provides some statistics on the prevalence of allergies in America. It also discusses hives as a common allergic skin condition caused by things like infections, allergic reactions, or stress. Hives are usually treated with antihistamines but epinephrine shots can provide immediate relief. The document also briefly explains the ELISA test which detects HIV through color changes in liquid based on the presence of antibodies.
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Seasonal Allergies
Seasonal allergies, also known as hay fever, are caused by an allergic reaction to pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds or mold spores. Common symptoms include a runny nose, sneezing, itchy eyes, and congestion. While avoidance of allergens is difficult, medications can help control symptoms, including over-the-counter antihistamines and prescription nasal steroids, decongestants, or sprays. Allergy shots are also available to reduce sensitivity to allergens over time.
Drug allergy
A drug allergy occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies a drug as harmful and launches an allergic reaction. Common symptoms include rash, hives, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis in severe cases. While any drug can potentially cause an allergy, certain medications like antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and chemotherapy drugs are more likely to trigger allergic responses. Avoiding the culprit drug is the best prevention strategy, and antihistamines, corticosteroids, bronchodilators, or epinephrine may be necessary to treat symptoms.
Allergies
Allergies are caused by an abnormal immune system response to usually harmless substances called allergens. Common allergens include pollen, mold, dust, foods, insect stings, and animal dander. Allergic reactions occur when a person is exposed to an allergen, causing the immune system to produce antibodies that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells, resulting in symptoms like sneezing, itchy eyes, rashes, and more severe reactions like anaphylaxis in some cases. Allergies can be diagnosed through skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens, and are treated with medications that reduce symptoms or immunotherapy to desensitize the immune system.
Allergies
Allergies are caused by an abnormal immune system response to usually harmless substances called allergens. Common allergens include pollen, mold, dust, foods, insect stings, and animal dander. Allergic reactions occur when a person is exposed to an allergen, causing the immune system to produce antibodies that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells, resulting in symptoms like sneezing, itchy eyes, rashes, and more severe reactions like anaphylaxis in some cases. Allergies can be diagnosed through skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens, and are treated with medications that reduce symptoms or immunotherapy to desensitize the immune system.
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Allergies are caused by an abnormal immune system response to usually harmless substances called allergens. Common allergens include pollen, mold, dust, foods, insect stings, and animal dander. Allergic reactions occur when a person is exposed to an allergen, causing the immune system to produce antibodies that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells, resulting in symptoms like sneezing, itchy eyes, rashes, and more severe reactions like anaphylaxis in some cases. Allergies can be diagnosed through skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens, and are treated with medications that reduce symptoms or immunotherapy to desensitize the immune system.
Allergies
Allergies are caused by an abnormal immune system response to usually harmless substances called allergens. Common allergens include pollen, mold, dust, foods, insect stings, and animal dander. Allergic reactions occur when a person is exposed to an allergen, causing the immune system to produce antibodies that trigger the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells, resulting in symptoms like sneezing, itchy eyes, rashes, and more severe reactions like anaphylaxis in some cases. Allergies can be diagnosed through skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens, and are treated with medications that reduce symptoms or immunotherapy to desensitize the immune system.
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I need an article not copied on the internet talks about allergic .pdf
I need an article not copied on the internet talks about \"allergic reaction\"
Solution
allergic reactions
allergic reaction : it is a the body\'s method for reacting to an \"intruder.\" When the body detects
an outside substance, called an antigen, the insusceptible framework is activated. The immune
framework typically shields the body from destructive operators, for example, microscopic
organisms and poisons. Its overcompensation to a safe substance (an allergen) is known as a
touchiness response, or a hypersensitive reaction.
Responses may happen in one spot, for example, a little restricted skin rash, bothersome eyes,
confront knocks, or all over, as in an entire body rash, for example, hives.
Most hypersensitive responses are minor, for example, a rash from toxic substance ivy, mosquito
or other bug chomps, or sniffling from feed fever.The kind of response relies on upon the
individual\'s insusceptible framework reaction, which is some of the time eccentric. In
uncommon cases, a hypersensitive response can be life-undermining (known as
hypersensitivity).
The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) gauges that no less than one in 50
Americans (1.6%), and upwards of one in 20 (5.1%), have had hypersensitivity happen, bringing
about a normal of 186-225 passings for each year. The AAFA states that hypersensitivities
influence 50 million Americans, are the fifth driving unending malady in the U.S., and the third
driving interminable ailment among kids under 18 years old. More than 40 million individuals
have indoor/open air sensitivities as their essential hypersensitivity. In 2012, more than 11
million individuals in the U.S. gone to their specialist for unfavorably susceptible rhinitis, and
hypersensitivities to nourishment represent 200,000 visits to the crisis room and 10,000
hospitalizations every year.
Practically anything can trigger an allergic reaction.The body\'s safe framework includes the
white platelets, which deliver antibodies. At the point when the body is presented to an antigen
(an outside body, for example, dust that can trigger an invulnerable reaction), a perplexing
arrangement of responses starts.
The white platelets deliver a neutralizer particular to that antigen. This is called
\"\"sensitization.\" The employment of the antibodies is to white platelets recognize and crush
substances that cause malady and disorder. In unfavorably susceptible responses, the counter
acting agent has a place with the class of immunoglobulins known as immunoglobulin E or IgE.
This neutralizer sort advances creation and arrival of chemicals and hormones called
\"mediators.\"
Mediators have impacts on neighborhood tissue and organs notwithstanding initiating more
white platelet safeguards. It is these impacts that cause the side effects of the response.
Histamine is one of the better-known hypersensitivity , mediators delivered by the body.
In the event that the arrival of the mediators is sudden or broad, the unfavorably susceptibl.
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The document discusses different types of allergies including eczema, hives, and hay fever. It describes eczema as a skin rash that can be caused by temperature, humidity, chemicals, infections, stress, clothing, dust, pollen, and animal dander. Hives are described as red bumps on the skin that can be triggered by food, medicine, pollen, sun exposure, cold, and drugs. Hay fever causes symptoms like watery eyes, sneezing, and runny nose when people are exposed to pollen from trees, grass, and weeds.
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This document discusses anaphylaxis, a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It defines anaphylaxis and explains that it is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction caused by the immune system overreacting to harmless substances. Symptoms can affect multiple body systems like the skin, respiratory and digestive systems. Prompt treatment with epinephrine and other emergency measures is needed. Prevention involves avoiding triggers and carrying epinephrine auto-injectors if at risk.
Allergy.pdf
When your immune system reacts to a food or substance that typically doesn’t trigger a reaction in most people, such as pollen, bee venom, or pet dander, allergies might develop. Your body creates molecules called antibodies.
Anaphylaxis Management: Problems with the Current Paradigm and the need for ...
Michael Langan, MD
Geriatrician, MGH Senior Health
September 10, 2012
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Clinical immunology questionMr. R.M., a 60-year-old Caucasian man,.pdf
Clinical immunology question
Mr. R.M., a 60-year-old Caucasian man, was stung by a bee while gardening. He had been stung
once before earlier in the summer. Within a few seconds, his hand began to itch and he began to
experience abdominal cramping. He subsequently began experiencing difficulty breathing.
Fortunately, he was able to reach a first aid kit in his garage. Inside of the kit was an EpiPen
(injectable epinephrine) that his wife kept for herself because she was allergic to bee venom. He
immediately had his wife drive him to the hospital.
He was asymptomatic on arrival at the hospital. R.M. had no history of adverse reactions to bee
venom or antibiotics. Because of the nature of the incident, a diagnosis of anaphylactic shock
due to bee venom sensitivity was made. An IgE level was ordered. The results indicated a level
more than twice the (normal) reference range value. In addition, a follow-up skin test was
performed. The patient was extremely positive for bee venom.
Questions:
1.Which of the 4 types of hypersensitivity reactions does this case represent?
2.What is the immunologic mechanism involved in anaphylaxis?
3.What types of agents can induce anaphylactic shock?
4.Describe 2 different types of testing to diagnosis this patient.
5.What is the risk in performing a skin test?
Solution
Answer:
1) There are four types of hypersensitivity reactions, they include:
1) Type - I ; Allergy , 2) Type- II ; Cytotoxic, antibody-dependent, 3) Type III; Immune
complex disease
4) Type IV; Delayed-type hypersensitivity.
2) Anaphylaxis is an Type-I reaction ; allergic reaction. During allergic reaction, IgE react with
antigen, and it activates basophils and mast cells, due this activation, histamines are released.
3) Anaphylactic shock could be due to the food agents such as milk, eggs and shellfish. In few
cases, insect stings can cause shock.
4) Diagnosis includes, 1) Allergy testing (skin allergy test), 2)Differential diagnosis.
5) Skin test is available only to test effect of penicillin drug allergy.so, it is risk for allergies..
Hypersensitivity..
The document discusses hypersensitivity, which refers to undesirable immune reactions like allergies and autoimmunity. It defines the four types of hypersensitivity reactions classified by Gell and Coombs in 1963. Type I is an immediate hypersensitivity mediated by IgE antibodies binding to allergens and crosslinking mast cells and basophils to release inflammatory mediators. Common allergic disorders include asthma, rhinitis, anaphylaxis, eczema and urticaria. Approximately 20-30% of Indians suffer from at least one allergic disease. Type II involves antibody and complement mediated cell destruction, while Type III and IV are delayed hypersensitivity reactions involving T cells and monocytes.
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AhearnPresent6
- 1. BLOOD LYMPHATIC/ IMMUNE SYSTEMS TJ AHEARN
- 2. Allergies….grrr Allergies cause a hypersensitivity to a common substance in the environment or to a medication. Skin Contact, Injection, Ingestion and Inhalation are just a few of the possible allergies a person could suffer from.
- 3. Allergy Fun Facts Many people are affected by allergies. In fact, according to American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology there are 54.6% of American’s that suffer from at least one allergen. Hay fever is the 5th leading chronic disease that results in over 4 million sick/missed days of work every year! There are roughly 1,000 deaths a year in the United States due to Allergies.
- 4. Hives Hives (Urticaria) are a topical skin condition that usually leads to itchy, redness and bumpy rash. Common Causes include: *Viral Infections *Allergic reactions *Stress *Chronic Infections *Metabolic disease *Others
- 5. *Picture to the right is one type of hive you may see in cases. *Hives may be a chronic condition *It’s usually treated with anti-histamines. Although epinephrine shots can be administered for immediate relief.
- 6. ELISA Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay A ‘wet-lab’ type of test that detects HIV by coloration of the liquid *If antibodies are present (+) the liquid turns a clear red. *A negative result will produce no change.