Introduction to Agile Software Development

1© Life Cycle Engineering 2014© Life Cycle Engineering 2014
Agile Lunch and Learn Series
Introduction to Agility

2© Life Cycle Engineering 2014
• 4+ years adapting and
applying Agile and Scrum to
SPAWAR projects
• Scrum Alliance Certified
Scrum Master (CSM)
• Scrum Alliance Certified
Scrum Professional (CSP)
• PMI – Agile Certified
Practitioner (PMI-ACP)
jpetite@lce.com
@JustinPetite
JUSTIN PETITE

Agile.
We need to be Agile.
Why are we not doing Agile?

AGILE
An iterative and incremental (evolutionary) approach
to software development which is performed in a
highly collaborative manner by self-organizing teams
within an effective governance framework with “just
enough” ceremony that produces high quality
software in a cost effective and timely manner which
meets the changing needs of its stakeholders.
Scott Ambler
http://www.agilemodeling.com/essays/agileSoftwareDevelopment.htm

WHY AGILITY
• Need to more effectively respond to change
– Organizational needs
– Market demands
– Threats and opportunities
• Manage evolutionary change to culture,
products, and processes
• Frequently and incrementally deliver value to
reach a desired goal or outcome

AGILITY
Agility is the ability to both create and respond
to change in order to profit in a turbulent
business environment
Agility is the ability to balance flexibility
and stability
Jim Highsmith
Agile Project Management (2nd Edition, 2010)

BENEFITS
• Greater responsiveness
• Measured increase in productivity
• Lower costs
• Managed risk through greater visibility
• Increased customer satisfaction
• Better overall quality
• Improved team morale

AGILITY

MANIFESTO FOR AGILE
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
We are uncovering better ways of developing
software by doing it and helping others do it.
Through this work we have come to value:
Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on
the right, we value the items on the left more.

AGILE PRINCIPLES
1. Our highest priority is to
satisfy the customer through
early and continuous delivery
of valuable software.
2. Welcome changing
requirements, even late in
development. Agile
processes harness change
for the customer's
competitive advantage.
3. Deliver working software
frequently, from a couple of
weeks to a couple of months,
with a preference to the
shorter timescale.
4. Business people and
developers must work
together daily throughout the
project.
5. Build projects around
motivated individuals. Give
them the environment and
support they need, and trust
them to get the job done.
6. The most efficient and
effective method of
conveying information to and
within a development team is
face-to-face conversation.

AGILE PRINCIPLES
7. Working software is the
primary measure of
progress.
8. Agile processes promote
sustainable development.
The sponsors,
developers, and users
should be able to
maintain a constant pace
indefinitely.
9. Continuous attention to
technical excellence and
good design enhances
agility.
10. Simplicity—the art of
maximizing the amount of
work not done—is
essential.
11. The best architectures,
requirements, and
designs emerge from self-
organizing teams.
12. At regular intervals, the
team reflects on how to
become more effective,
then tunes and adjusts its
behavior accordingly

AGILE PRACTICES

Accredited to Michael Sahota & Olaf Lewitz

ETHOS
Plan-driven
Focus on documenting &
predicting outcomes
Lauds deadlines & output
Longer product cycle time
Change is hard
Value-driven
Focus on understanding &
executing priorities
Lauds priorities & throughput
Shorter product cycle time
Embraces change
Traditional Agile

ETHOS

Value
(Releasable Product)
Quality
(Reliable, Adaptable Product)
Constraints
(Scope, Cost, Schedule)
AGILE TRIANGLE
Jim Highsmith

DO’S AND DON’TS
Agile methods do:
• Position us to be more responsive to changing
priorities
• Allow better predictability of output for the
foreseeable time horizon
• Improve accountability
• Make priorities and risk calculations more
transparent

DO’S AND DON’TS
Agile methods don’t:
• Make engineers write more lines of code per
day or designers create output faster
• Preclude the need to make good organizational
decisions about product, priorities, and
customer needs
• Allow the rest of the organization to assume
they think they know what lies months ahead

AGILE MYTHS
• “Agile is the silver bullet for our organization!”
• “Agile doesn’t scale, so it can’t work for our
organization!”
• “No more documentation or deadlines!”
• “Since we don’t do things upfront, we have no
design and poor architecture!”
• “With so much rework going on, nothing new, and
innovative gets worked on!”
• “Agile makes us faster!”

ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY
• More than just “doing Agile”
• Discipline of managed change through continuous
inspection, evaluation, and adaptation
• Tailored to the organization
• Leverages Agile methods appropriately at each level:
– Individual
– Team
– Project
– Program/Portfolio
– Executive

ITERATIVE & INCREMENTAL
“Incrementing” builds a finished piece
Assumes the customer
has a fully formed idea
of what they need
Jeff Patton - 2008
http://www.agileproductdesign.com/blog/dont_
know_what_i_want.html

ITERATIVE & INCREMENTAL
Jeff Patton - 2008
http://www.agileproductdesign.com/blog/dont_
know_what_i_want.html
“Iterating” builds something imperfect to validate and refine
Iterating allows for less
developed ideas to
evolve and be refined

STORY MAPPING

USER STORY
• High-level requirement artifact:
– Incremental
– Negotiable
– Valuable
– Estimable
– Small
– Testable
• A conversation with the stakeholder:
– “As a” specific user or persona
– “I want” need, feature, or functionality
– “So (that)” purpose and value of delivery

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
• Flip the card over to record expectations:
–User
–Customer
–Product Owner
–Team
How has the customer defined success for this story?

PRODUCT BACKLOG

SCRUM
• Framework:
– Defined Roles
– Ritual Meetings
– Artifacts
– Terminology
• Emphasis:
– Value
– Delivery
– Open communication
– Team self-organization
– Stakeholder Participation

SCRUM ROLES
• Scrum Master
– Lead, promote, facilitate, organize, and coach Scrum
– Remove impediments for the team
• Product Owner
– Own, manage, and communicate the Product Backlog
– Advocate for the customer
• Scrum Team
– Turn work from the backlog into a “potentially
shippable” increment of working software

SCRUM TIMEBOXES
• Release Planning
• Sprint Planning
• The Sprint
• Daily Scrum
• Sprint Review & Demo
• Sprint Retrospective

PROJECT INITIATION
Decompose project requirements (scope) to
create the first iteration of the project
schedule, roadmap, and backlog
Form the cross-functional agile team(s) of
individuals with the roles and skills necessary to
deliver on the project’s requirements
Train the team, educate the customer,
and communicate expectations
Get started sprinting following the standard practices
to learn how to best adapt in the future
· Incorporate feedback from retrospectives
· Build “muscle memory” around good practices
· Establish common understanding of
Agile fundamentals
· Agree to a cadence
· Decide on initial technologies
· Identify and negotiate stakeholder
roles and responsibilities
· Agree to the metrics by which project
performance will be measured
· Establish the definition of done
· Set up visible progress indicators
Work
Breakdown
Structure
IMS /
Roadmap
Agile PM Tool
User StoriesUser Stories
Systems
Requirements
Document
(SRD)
Systems
Requirements
Document
(SRD)
PWS/CDRLPWS/CDRL
Product OwnerProduct Owner
TestersTestersDevelopersDevelopers
Scrum MasterScrum Master

KEEP THE AGILE CONVERSATION GOING
• Software engineering
practices
• Agile team dynamics
• Scaling up
• Contracting and
government
• Metrics
• Planning
• User story writing
• Testing/Quality
• Retrospectives
• Configuration management
• Release management
• Information assurance
• Fostering culture
• Organizational transition
• Change management
• Industry certifications
• Management and executive
sponsorship
• More than software

Agile Methodologies

THANK YOU!
Please let me know how I can do better next time!
jpetite@lce.com
@JustinPetite

Introduction to Agile Software Development

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