Age And Second Language Acquisition

Age And Second Language Acquisition
16509658
Age and Second Language Acquisition
With the rise of globalisation, English has become the Lingua Franca as a tool to communicate
among people from different countries in numerous situations and areas (Nikolov & Djigunovic,
2006, p.234). Therefore, people in various countries are closely connected economically, politically
and culturally and many people are required to acquire a foreign language. As a result, there have
been many researches and evidence on whether age has a great impact on second language
acquisition. This essay will illustrate neurological, phonological and affective factors and the
Critical Period Hypothesis as evidence that children have advantages in second language
acquisition. In contrast, cognitive theories will be stated to illustrate how adult learners have
advantages in many second learning strategies (Comrie & Corbett, 2009, p.12). Thirdly, it will
suggest two second language acquisition methods inspired by children?s first language learning,
which are Total physical Response and Natural Approach, because despite their limitations, they
contain useful lessons from children?s first language acquisition such as raising interest and
lowering learners? stress. Finally, this essay will assert that considering neurological, phonological
and affective evidence and witnessing children?s natural and effortless language acquisition, overall
children surpass adults in second language acquisition. Therefore, it is wise to elect useful factors
from
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Pediatric Physical Therapy Essay
This was an interesting article from the journal "Physical therapy." This article acknowledges that
pediatric physical has been shown to reduce skull deformation in infants with positional preference;
however, this article also recognizes that not all infants respond well to therapy. The main focus of
this study was to identify characteristics in parents and in infants which may help to predict
responses to therapy. This study was a "prospective cohort study. "Two to four months old infants
with positional preference and/or skull deformation were observed for two and a half months at the
start of pediatric physical therapy. Potential predictors to the response of physical therapy were
assessed at baseline with questionnaires, plagiocephalometry, and the alberta infant motor scale. The
outcome determined either a good or a bad response to therapy. Therapy and therapist characteristics
were collected retrospectively. Most infants received 2–3 treatment sessions a month later 16–30
minutes each. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses with a stepwise backward
elimination method were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to this study, several baseline predictors to poor response to therapy were identified. The
findings of this study showed that Infants who had a baseline skull deformation above a certain
percent, infants with low parental satisfaction of head shape scores, and infants who started therapy
after the age of 3 months were all more likely to respond poorly to therapy. Although males seemed
to be more likely than females to respond poorly to therapy, infants with foreign parents, infants
with parents of lower levels of education, sex, method of feeding, and frequency of tummy time
were all just above the P value of

Obesity And Its Effect On Health
Over the last few decades, obesity has become a worldwide concern due to its continuously
increasing prevalence (1). Especially in Australia, more than 60% of adults, 25% of children are
overweight or obese (2). Beyond its potential adverse effect on health outcome and relationship to
chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension and heart disease，obesity also influences
people's quality of life (3). Sugar–sweetened beverages (SSB), on the other hand, were frequently
referred by scientific literature and public media due its high consumption and possible contribution
to overweight and obesity. SSBs are defined as sweetened beverages that do not contain artificial
sweeteners, such as sucrose and high–fructose corn syrup, including soft drinks, fruit flavoured
drinks, cordials, sports drinks, energy drinks and vitamin water drinks (4). According to the result of
2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS), Australia is the top
10 highest SSB consumption countries by calculating the per capita consumption of SSB(4).
Systematic reviews revealed that findings from large cross–sectional studies, in conjunction with
those from well–powered prospective cohort studies with long periods of follow–up have
consistently suggested that SSB significantly contributed to obesity epidemics (5, 6) . Evidence
from randomised controlled trials (RCT) also found increasing SSB intake contributed to significant
weight gain (7). However, the underlying

Psychological Implications Of Interpersonal Attraction
Introduction Human beings are the most social of social animals and the desire to be liked and
accepted is very strong. This desire is forged by interaction with others, which forms interpersonal
attraction and judgement of beauty. There are several reasons that could explain why interpersonal
attraction occurs in social settings. Repeated exposure to a certain stimulus, allows individuals to
develop stronger impressions and greater familiarity towards the stimulus, promoting interpersonal
attraction (Zajonc, 1968), while similarity between individuals enhances initial attraction (Vinacke,
Shannon, Palazzo & Balsavage, 1988), and allows social validation (Byrne, 1971). Physical
attractiveness, one of the most important determinants of interpersonal attraction is often seen as a
sign of fertility, strength, or health (Buss, 1999; Thornhill, 1998). Physical attractiveness individuals
has been shown to be treated preferentially and more positively to the extent that it influence
outcomes of interpersonal interactions (Rhode, 2010), where attractive employees get paid with
higher wages (Frieze, Olson & Russell, 1991), and attractive criminals were given lighter sentences
(Stewart, 1980). This phenomenon could be explained by the "Halo Effect" (Nisbett, & Wilson,
1977), where evaluations of one attribute of a person are generalized to influence evaluations of
other attributes.
In the landmark paper ''What Is Beautiful Is Good,'' written by Dion, Berscheid and Walster (1972)

Behavioral Analysis Assignment
Behavioral analyst main goal is to better the lives of the individuals they serve. Improving the life
for these individuals could mean teaching independence, modifying severe behavior, or giving
clients environmental accommodations. Improving behavior consists of defining the baseline for a
behavior and analyzing if a behavior meets the needs for change (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2014).
Measurement is needed in order to keep record of behavior and to analyze any behavior
improvements. Among Procedures for defining the correct type of measurement for a behavior,
defining the social validity and importance of behavior is also relevant for determining if an
intervention was applicable to the client.
Cooper, Heron, and Heward (2014) mentions that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to maximize benefit for Jose, a behavioral plan concentrating on improving response
latency between given directions and start of a task should be implemented. This behavior is socially
valid because if behavior change occurs it would maximize benefits in learning for Jose.
The observational method that will be used to measure Jose's delayed task response is response
latency. Response Latency is valid for delayed task response because it is measuring how much time
occurs between an opportunity to emit a behavior an when the behavior is actually emitted (Cooper,
Heron, & Heward, 2014). An advantage of response latency is that mean, media, and rage can be
reported per observational period (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2014). A disadvantage of response
latency is that a prompt is needed to get the desired behavior and prompt fading would be necessary
after sometime.
Delayed task response consists of Jose taking more than one minute to start on a task that involves
learning or completing chores. Delayed task response does not occur on desirable events with Jose,
therefore, it is important to focus on delayed task response among chores and learning activities at
home and in school. Jose should be rewarded immediately with a token if he exhibits starting on a
task under his baseline time of ten

The Importance Of Mental Health Education
Methods Population and setting The University College Cork (UCC) Social Research Ethics
Committee (SREC) approved the study early in 2017. Participants included those from a selected
third–level education setting. All participants invited to partake in the research were informed of
their right to withdraw from the proceedings at any stage. Each individual, all of whom were pre–
service student teacher educators were supplied with an information sheet, and a written consent
was provided prior to the completion of the questionnaire. A clustered, convenience sample (based
on the proximity and accessibility to the research team) of pre–service student teacher educators
were invited to participate. Of the 160 students invited an 82% response ... Show more content on
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Additionally, the BRS has been used in the context of a university in previous studies, and proven to
be a valid and reliable instrument when examining resilience levels among college students (Amat,
Subhan, Jaafar, Mahmud, & Johari, 2014; (Lai & Yue, 2014). These tests were completed
independantly by each of the participants. Measurement scales used in this study (1) The WHO–
Five Wellbeing Index (WHO– 5) (WHO, 1998) was developed at the Psychiatric Research Unit,
Mental Health Centre North Zealand, and Hillerod, Denmark. This measurement scale has been
validated as both a screening tool for clinicians, and as a method to assess wellbeing in research
studies over time (Topp, Østergaard, Søndergaard, & Bech, 2015). It is a reliable instrument,
demonstrative of good test–retest reliability, and can assess all age group cohort. It is culturally
translatable, and can be used across diverse fields of practice and research (De Wit et al., 2007; Wu,
2014; Saipanish, Lotrakul, & Sumrithe, 2009). This positively worded questionnaire comprises of a
five item rating on a 6–point Likert scale from 0 (= not present) to 5 (= constantly present). The raw
score is calculated by totalling the figures of the five answers, and a percentage ranging from 0 to
100 is obtained by multiplying the raw score by 4. The lower the total score is, the more likely the
person is to be experiencing poor health

Similarities And Difference Between Total Physical...
1.0 Introduction
There are a lot of methods in language learning that have been practical in our country's education
system such as Natural Approach, The Silent Way, Cognitive Code Learning and many more. This
assignment require us to do a comparison between Total Physical Response and Natural Approach.
Total Physical Response is mainly based on the coordination of language and physical movement
while Natural Approach emphasises communication and places decrease importance on conscious
grammar study and explicit correction of student errors. We will have to do the similarities and
differences, strength and weaknesses and the implementations between these two methods.
2.0 Similarities And Differences
Total Physical Response and Natural Approach have some differences such as their learner's role
which Total Physical Response learners have the primary roles of listener and performer. The
students in the class listen attentively and respond physically to commands given by the teachers
while Natural Approach learners should not try to learn language in the harder way but should try to
lose themselves in activities involving meaningful communication. Learners are expected to
participate in communication activities with other learners. Other than that, in Total Physical
Response, the teacher plays an active and direct role in the class. The ... Show more content on
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For example, Total Physical Response is really suitable to use in kindergarten. For the second
method which is Natural Approach, learners were initially exposed to the language, not forced to
speak until they felt to and not corrected until they fully understand the usage of grammar itself.
Both method is suitable for Malaysian education as most of them were being taught since

Summary: Exploratory Analysis
Exploratory Analysis After hypothesis testing was completed, the results led me to look into several
other areas. The CTQ, being composed of three different types of adverse stimuli, physical,
emotional, and sexual, was split up into its respective areas in order to investigate if there was any
significance within the CTQ compared to the ROI. The physical abuse and physical neglect were
added together to create the total physical CTQ score, and the same was done to the emotional
category. The sexual abuse category was not investigated further because often there is little
variability as well as the fact that the mean score for the group was not much higher than the
minimum possible score. Despite prior literature findings that ACEs and neuroanatomy ... Show
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The ANOVA was between the sum of all 5 ROI ratio–volumes (ratio–total volume) and the two
CTQ group. I found a non–significant p–value of 0.348. Next, I ran a repeated measures within–
subjects ANOVA with the left and right (2 sides) ratio–volumes of each area (5 areas) of interest for
a total of 10 volumes and covariates of age, sex, and CTQ group. The Greenhouse–Geisser–
corrected p–value for the interaction of area*side*CTQ Group was not significant (p–value of
0.503). The Greenhouse–Geisser–corrected p–value for the interaction of side* CTQ Group was
0.074. Finally, in case my decision to split the data into two separate groups, high and low CTQ
score, affected my results, I ran a partial correlation between ratio–total volume and total CTQ score
for each individual and found a non–significant p–value. To quantify this, I ran 5 partial
correlations, one for each region of interest and how they compared to total CTQ score. The
resulting p–values between the amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbens, rostral anterior
cingulate, and ventral medial prefrontal cortex and the total CTQ score were all found to be

Essay on Assignment 3
10/28/2014
Assignment Print View
Score: 100 out of 100 points (100%)
1.
award:
20 out of
20.00
points
Piscataway Plastics Company manufactures a highly specialized plastic that is used extensively in
the automobile industry. The following data have been compiled for the month of June. Conversion
activity occurs uniformly throughout the production process.
Work in process, June 1–40,000 units: Direct material: 100% complete, cost of Conversion: 40%
complete, cost of Balance in work in process, June 1 Units started during June Units completed
during June and transferred out to finished
goods inventory Work in process, June 30: Direct
material: 100% complete ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Use the weighted
average method of process costing.
1. Analysis of physical flow of units.
Work in process, June 1 Units started during June Total units to account for Units completed and
transferred out during June Work in process, June 30 Total units accounted for
Physical Units
40,000
240,000
280,000
200,000
80,000
280,000

2. Calculation of equivalent units.
Units completed and transferred out during June Work in process, June 30 Total units accounted for
Total equivalent units
Equivalent Units
Physical Units Direct Material Conversion
200,000
200,000
200,000
80,000
80,000
48,000
280,000
280,000
248,000
3. Computation of unit costs. (Round Cost per unit to 2 decimal places. Omit the "$" sign in your
response.) Work in process, June 1
Direct

The Pain Matrix
Introduction
Pain is a sensory and affective state that can be experienced by the self, and perceived in others
(Jackson, Meltzoff & Decety, 2005). Such psychophysiological state signals potential threats to the
body, initiating a behavioural response that ensures survival (Novembre, Zanon & Silani, 2014).
Neuroimaging studies have identified a range of brain areas associated with processing physical
pain (PP); typically referred to as the 'pain matrix' (Iannetti and Mouraux, 2010). This consists of an
affective–motivational component of the painful experience (negative feelings) and the sensory–
discriminative component of the pain stimulus (duration and intensity). While the former is
primarily associated with the anterior insula (aINS) and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Procedure
All participants are required to give informed consent. Participants will enter the scanner and
complete the PP and vicarious SP task in a counterbalanced order. Prior to the Cyberball task,
mothers of the target will be told to watch a live feed of their child participating in a game next door.
Unbeknownst to them, age–matched participants (also naïve to the experiments aims) in the room
adjacent will also watch the same child's (who are unfamiliar to these participants) live game of
Cyberball. After both tasks are completed, participants will be fully debriefed.
Results
Data will be analysed in a similar way as to Kross et al., (2011), where blood–oxygen–level
dependant (BOLD) signals from the fRMI analysis will be compared across groups for the different
task conditions. Firstly, the mothers and strangers response to the PP task will be compared.
Expected results should indicate a non–significant difference between the mothers and strangers PP
response. Furthermore, activations in the aINS, ACC, SI and S11 regions of the brain should be
evident for both groups, confirming findings from previous literature (Eisenberger, 2008); PP
typically activates both the affective and sensory components in the pain matrix. Secondly, BOLD
signals of the mothers and strangers SP response will be compared. Analysis should reveal
activations in the aINS, ACC, SI and SII for both groups. This would

Physical Activity, Food Choice, And Weight Management...
My behavior change for my Total Wellness class was to go to the Colvin (gym) more. The article I
chose to peer review is "Physical Activity, Food Choice, and Weight Management Goals and
Practices among U.S. College Students." The authors chose to analyze data from the 1995 NCHRBS
(National College Health Risk Behavior Study) and their methods and results from the analysis
reveals an interesting trend among college students. The authors conducted this study for the very
reason that there are few population–based observational studies that will research the different
ways in which people attempt to control their weight based on diet and exercise, not one or the
other. The authors decided to analyze data from the 1995 NCHRBS in order to ... Show more
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At the end of the survey, the total response rate was 60% (Collins, Kann, Fulton, Galuska, Lowry, &
Wechsler, 2000). According to the study, "physical activity, food choice behaviors, and weight
management goals did not vary by type of institution attended." This really shocked me, as I was
thinking of how the different factors (race, gender, etc.) could affect the overall results. However, I
was able to examine the results closely on Table 2 of the article that 37.6% of the total population
partook in vigorous physical activity. An important thing to note is that logistic regression models
were used to observe the effects of the demographic influences for being overweight, trying to lose
weight, and using weight control methods. Logistic regression models also were used to find the
types of physical activity and food choice behaviors related to weight management. The
demographics of the participants were used as a control (Collins, Kann, Fulton, Galuska, Lowry, &
Wechsler, 2000). In the discussion section of the article, the authors made an important statement.
They mentioned that there are limitations to the findings in this study due to the fact that the data
was self–reported and people will over– or under– estimate themselves when answering questions
that require self–analysis. The authors said it best was they said that the "methods for the
measurement of physical activity, dietary behaviors, and

The Relationship Between Study Habits and Academic...
JOURNAL OF TEACHINO IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION, 1991.11, 3 M 6
Gender Differences in Adolescents ' Attitudes Toward School Physical Education
Moira D. Luke and Gary D. Sinclair University of British Columbia
The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the potential determinants of male and female
adolescents ' attitudes toward school physical education. Students (N=4SS), randomly selected from
four large metropolitan schools, were asked to comment on their school physical education
experience from kindergarten through Grade 10. A systematic content analysis was used to
categorize these responses. Three main questions were addressed: What factors in the K–10 physical
education experience of male/female students contribute to the ... Show more content on
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The intent of this study was to identify the potential determinants of adolescent attitudes toward
physical education for four groups of students: males who elected physical education, females who
elected physical education, and males and females who did not. Students from Grade 11 classes of
four large secondary schools in a metropolitan area were asked to comment on their school physical
education experience from kindergarten through Grade 10 and to identify those events that caused
them to like physical education and those that caused them to dislike it. Three main questions were
addressed in this study: What factors in the K–10 physical education experience of male/female
students contribute to the development of positive/negative attitudes toward physical education? Are
the factors identified in the K–10 physical education experience different for males and females?
Are they different for students who choose to take or not take pbysical education when offered as an
elective subject?
Methodology and Procedures Subjects
The subjects for this study were 488 Grade 11 secondary school students who had recently decided
either to elect or not to elect P.E. as part of their program for that year. These 233 males and 255
females came from four schools in a large metropolitan area in Canada. Each school followed the
same provincial physical education curriculum guide, which

Health And Wellness Intervention Paper
Participants were recruited at a prenatal visit during early pregnancy and randomized to either a 12–
week individually tailored, motivationally matched exercise intervention (n = 132) or to a
comparison health and wellness intervention (n = 128).
Women were not blinded to their assigned intervention group.
Sample Size: 260 participants total: 132 in the exercise group, 128 in the health and wellness group.
Intervention: The intervention began with 1 in–person session with a health educator who
administered a tailoring questionnaire and set behavioral goals.
Over the course of the study, both intervention arms received monthly booster telephone calls at 2,
6, and 10 weeks from health educators who provided individualized feedback and reviewed
participants' progress toward their behavioral goals.
In addition, tip sheets were mailed weekly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Health and Wellness Intervention
The health and wellness intervention received tips sheets and telephone booster calls on the same
contact schedule as the exercise arm; this controlled for contact time, while keeping the content of
the 2 interventions distinct.
Specifically, after completion of the initial tailoring questionnaire, the health educator focused on
general issues related to health and wellness during pregnancy instead of issues related to physical
activity.
A series of ACOG informational booklets on general issues related to health and wellness during
pregnancy were mailed to the participants weekly during the first 4 weeks of the intervention and
then biweekly thereafter. These booklets were selected to represent high–quality standard, low–cost,
self–help material currently available to the public.
A follow–up tailoring questionnaire was mailed at week 12. Monthly booster telephone calls
provided individualized feedback on progress toward health and wellness behavioral

Beaumont IV Summary
HEARING OFFICER'S ANALYSIS OF PETITIONER'S ALLEGATIONS
PARAGRAPH 31–A
Petitioner's paragraph 31–A in Beaumont IV alleges a failure to develop specific and measurable
IEP goals and objectives based on assessed present levels of performance in the areas of speech
therapy, occupational therapy, physical therapy, in–home training, parent training, total
communication, and ABA therapy evaluation. All of the alleged failures amount to an alleged failure
to implement the Beaumont I final order.
Beaumont I final Decision and Order mandate the District to convene an ARD meeting to address
services in the areas of occupational therapy ("OT"), physical therapy ("PT"), speech therapy, and
adaptive physical education ("APE") for the remainder of the 2013–2014 ... Show more content on
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6 and 7 in Beaumont I, the Hearing Officer did not specify a time line for BISD's completion of any
assessments or compensatory services." (emphasis added) Petitioner's statement support the
District's position that the assessments were orders as relief in the Beaumont I final decision and
order. The ordered assessments in the areas of ABLLS, FBA, and FIEs were relief ordered by the
Hearing Officer as Orders 6 and 7. Therefore, an allegation that the District was delayed in
providing the assessments is on its face an allegation that the District failed to comply with Orders 6
and 7 in Beaumont

Total Knee Arthroplasty Essay
Total knee arthroplasty are also known as total knee replacement. It is used as one of the option to
relive the pain and to restore the function to an arthritic knee. Total knee arthroplasty or total knee
replacement is used when other methods such as weight loss, physical therapy, medical or injections
have failed to relive arthritis– associated knee pain. Knee replacement implant is remove of
damaged cartilage and bones from surface of knee joint and followed by implantation of an artificial
knee joint made with biomaterials. Femoral components and tibial component are made with metal
alloy. Between the Femoral component and tibal component there is a Polyethylene layer.
Inflammatory response is Phagocytes which is cells that are able to ... Show more content on
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Step3, Phagocytes engulf dead cells and cellular debris. Step4, Platelets move out of the capillaries
to seal the wounded area. The implantation of a biomaterial initiates the inflammatory response in a
sequence of events following the implantation from acute inflammation to chronic inflammation to
granulation tissue. Acute inflammation lasts a few hours to days. Histamine release and blood
vessels near the implantation site become dilated and leaky. Neutrophils and plasma protein
"escape" into tissue. Neutrophils are also called poymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN). Area around
the injury becomes swollen and red due to the increase of blood flow. Major role of neutrophils is to
phagocytose (engulf and eat dead cells) microorganisms and foreign mateirals. Neutrophils are short
lived. Predominate during the first few days of inflammation. Chronic inflammation is the 2nd stage
of healing process. Presence of monocytes and lymphocytes. Monocytes differentiate into
macrophages to phagocytose particles and break it down into smaller fragments. If the device is
large, frustrated phagocytosis will occur where macrophages become larger by fusion and foreign
body giant cells will

A Concert That I Went At The Tcf Bank Stadium
For my final paper, I decided to focus on a concert that I went to this summer. On June 20th, I went
to the Kick Up The Dust concert at the TCF Bank stadium. This was an all day concert and included
multiple performers, like Dustin Lynch, Randy Houser, Thomas Rhett, Florida Georgia Line, and
headliner Luke Bryan. Because of what I've learned in this class, I was able to recognize and
analyze a lot of the different elements and characteristics of the music. And because there were so
many performers, I was able to compare them to each other and see how they used these elements
and characteristics differently. As we learned in class, music can have many different purposes
depending on their setting. Given the setting, I believe the main purpose of this concert was stickily
entertainment. It was an outdoor concert with thousands of people just out to have a good time and
sing along to some of their favorite country singers. If this music were to be listened to in a different
setting, it could have had a totally different purpose. For example, if you were lying on the beach
listening to some Florida Georgia Line or Luke Bryan, it could serve more of a spiritual purpose,
rather than an entertainment purpose, because you are probably in a state of total relaxation.
In class, we also discussed the many different responses people can have to a type of music or even
just a song. While I was at this concert, I noticed some of these responses to all of these performers.
However,

A Research Study On Student Satisfaction Through Scheduling
Chapter Four In chapter four, the results of the data are displayed, from a selection of participants,
by dispersing questionnaires to the participants. The goal of the questionnaires was to allow the
participants to give their thoughts and opinions on "Ways of increasing patient satisfaction through
scheduling". After gathering the information, the responses were put in frequency tables for better
viewing and understanding. Variables The data collected described demographic variables of the
sample and to evaluate the influence it had on the research findings. The demographic data consisted
of: years of experience and job type. Years of Experience The years of experience had influence on
the research when it came to scheduling ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Questionnaire one was sent to physical therapists (PTs) and physical therapists assistants (PTAs)
asking for feedback on the scheduling system. To better understand the concerns, the hope was to
get involvement from 20 therapists; however, eight therapists responded. Additionally, questionnaire
two was sent the Rehab Schedulers (RS) along with the Rehab Support Assistants (RSAs), which 12
participants were more than happy to reply. Each set of participants was given 10 business days to
return the completed questionnaires. Quantitative Data Analysis Each group of participants was sent
different questionnaires, which can be seen in Appendix A. These questionnaires were sent
throughout rehabilitation services asking for feedback, with the hope of receiving ten responses
from the therapists and five responses from schedulers. The questionnaire was to examine their
opinion on why patients are not being able to schedule appointments within a reasonable timeframe
of one week. Answering Research Question/Testing Hypotheses In this portion of this chapter I will
discuss the results of the quantitative research designs responses to the research questions and
consider to what extent the results answered the hypotheses, which was given in chapter one. The
question that was proposed for my research is: Can effective and creative scheduling help with
increasing patient satisfaction? In addition to the overarching research question, there were two

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Total Physical Response In...
Abstract Teaching English, especially for children, should be enjoyable, interesting, repetitive, and
understandable. In doing so, there should be appropriate methods for teaching English to them. One
of the alternative methods that can be applied in the classroom is the so–called Total Physical
Response. This method tries to introduce some language skills or components in an action in which
a teacher serves three roles: an order taker, a model provider, and an action monitor in which
learners serve as models and action performers until they feel ready to speak out. Key words: young
learners, total physical response (TPR), alternative method. INTRODUCTION "If a child can't learn
the way we teach, maybe we should teach the way they learn. ... Show more content on
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Can TPR method improve the student's English language skills? II. What is the most significant
improvement of the components of English language by using the TPR method? 1.3 Objectives of
the study This study attempts to solve the problems which need positive solutions, and they are: I.
To inform one method of teaching English which is TPR II. To know whether TPR method can
improve the student's English language skills in primary school III. To know the most significant
improvement of the components of English language by using the TPR method 1.4 Significance of
the Study This study is expected to give some benefits for the students and for the teachers.For the
students,throught TPR,they will get on enjoyable situation and get the clear words and their
meanings,pronunciation,spelling and the use of them.The results of this study,hopefully,will
improve the student's English language skills.For the teachers,by understanding the results of this
study ,they can ce careful in selecting teaching technique and methods in their class.It is hoped that
the results of tus study helps the teachers to teach English language properly by using TPR for
Elementary school students. 1.5 Definition of the

Research Data Analysis on a Career in Law Enforcement
Survey Instrument RESPONSES Item 1. What led to your interest in a career in law enforcement?
Did family or friends try to dissuade you from pursuing a career in law enforcement? Total
Responses = 9: Family influence = 4; Discouraged = 6; Inspired by others = 4; Enjoyed the work =
2 The overarching theme for this data was that family members were initially hesitant to endorse the
prospective law enforcement officers' career choice, but most eventually expressed pride in their
sons' or daughters' choices. Two–thirds of the prospective officers were actively discouraged from
pursuing a career in law enforcement. A number of the respondents have been inspired in their youth
to go into law enforcement. A few respondents had early experiences in ROTC or the Military
Police that solidified their interest in law enforcement. Item 2. Have you ever regretted the decision
to go into law enforcement? Have your on–the–job experiences and your collegial relationships
caused you to think differently about that decision? Total Responses = 9: Regret = 1; No regret = 8;
Negative experiences = 4; Benefits / interest = 5 Only one respondent regretted the decision to go
into law enforcement. Half of the respondents expressed discouragement, noting backward thinking,
"good ole boy networks," and negativity about making changes to the system. Half of the
respondents reported experiencing mostly positive experiences and were proud of their growing
reputations as capable

How Mental Imagery Works Help Athletes
HOW MENTAL IMAGERY WORKS TO FACILITATE PERFORMANCE:There are many theories
and body of literature that tried to explain how imagery works but the most popular amongst them
are psychoneuromuscular, symbolic and informational theories.
Psychoneuromuscular Theory (Muscle Memory): This theory states that as athletes engage in sport
movement, their brains are constantly transmitting impulse to the muscles for execution of the
movement. Similar impulses occur in the brain and muscles when athletes imagine the movements
without actually performing them. Thus, the psychoneuromuscular theory asserts that vivid
imagined events produce innervations in our muscles similar to that produced by the actual physical
execution of the event. Coaches and athletes should know that mental imagery strengthens their
muscle memories by having the muscle respond in the correct sequence without actually executing
the movement, (William 2009).
Symbolic Learning Theory (Mental Blueprint) Sackett (1934): In this theory, imagery may function
as a coding system to help athletes acquire or understand movement patterns. All movements that
we make must first be encoded in our central narrow system, we must have a blue print or code their
movement into symbolic components, thus making the movement more familiar and perhaps more
automatic. For example, a gymnast can use imagery to cue himself, on the temporal and spatial
elements involved in performing a balance beam routine (Smith 2009) (William 2009).

Physical Response : A Language Teaching Method Developed...
2.2.3 TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR) Total physical response (TPR) is a language teaching
method developed by James Asher, a professor emeritus of psychology at San José State University.
It is based on the coordination of language and physical movement. In TPR, instructors give
commands to students in the target language, and students respond with whole–body actions. The
method is an example of the comprehension approach to language teaching. The listening and
responding (with actions) serves two purposes: It is a means of quickly recognizing meaning in the
language being learned, and a means of passively learning the structure of the language itself.
Grammar is not taught explicitly, but can be learned from the language input. TPR is a valuable way
to learn vocabulary, especially idiomatic terms, e.g., phrasal verbs.James Asher developed the total
physical response method as a result of his observation of the language development of young
children. Asher saw that most of the interactions that young children experience with parents or
other adults combine both verbal and physical aspects. This creates a positive feedback loop
between the parent' speech and the child's actions. Asher also observed that young children typically
spend a long time listening to language before ever attempting to speak, and that they can
understand and react to utterances that are much more complex than those they can produce
themselves. From his experiences, Asher outlined three main hypotheses

Evaluation Of A Psychology Experiment
Method
Participants
Each researcher in the class interviewed between one to two children within the following age
group; 3–5, 8–10 and, 13–15 years old. As a total, there were 33 children involved in the
experiment. There were 8 children ages 3–5 interviewed; 4 males and 4 females. There were 15
children ages 8–10 interviewed; 8 males and 7 females. There were 10 children ages 13–15
interviewed; 6 males and 4 females. The participants were selected because the experimenter knew
the child they were interviewing. Before interviewing the child, the experimenter asked the parent of
the child if it was ok to ask the child some questions for a psychology experiment.
Materials
Items necessary to complete the experiment were a computer to type up the responses from the child
being interviewed and a phone to call the intended child if the interview was not conducted face to
face.
Procedure
Age groups were assigned based on the people in the class who knew a child within an age group
designated by the experiment. From there, the instructor attempted to keep the groups as even as
possible so to have even results. Interviews were conducted over the phone or in person. Before the
experiment, the prior lab session explained the purpose of the experiment, the procedure, and the
interview questions and instructions. The purpose of the experiment was to look at the social
cognitive development of children as they grew older by interviewing a child about their friendship.
The responses

Multidimensional Anxiety
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) is a standardized measure of anxiety. It
is compromised of 39–items that are based on self–report. Not only does that MASC have a total
score, it also includes a factor index that includes, harm avoidance, physical symptoms, separation
anxiety and social anxiety (March et al., 1997). As a starting point, of developing the MASC, no
clusters of expected anxiety symptoms were clusters together, only hypothesized to be cognitive,
physical, behavioural and emotional. After developing and administering the test, a varimax rotation
was used to derive four factor index scores of physical symptoms, social anxiety, separation anxiety
and harm avoidance (March et al., 1997). This test is used to measure ... Show more content on
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Social desirability includes the tendency an individual has to alter their response to make themselves
more appealing to others (Furr, & Bacharach, 2014). Children may be frightened to report their
anxiety symptoms due to aspiring to present themselves in a certain way or to avoid treatment of
their anxiety. This bias can result in children presenting an underestimation or overestimation of the
symptoms they are experiencing. The gender or cultural differences of the child can also influences
the reporting of anxiety symptoms because of expectations of that gender or religion. A solution for
this bias could be peer–report of both the child and/or parents to ensure social desirability does not
influence the responses of the parent of or child with

What Are the Perceptions of Domestic Violence Amongst...
UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN SYDNEY RESEARCH REPORT: What are the perceptions of
domestic violence amongst individuals who live in western Sydney?
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 101041 – Communication Research
Spring 2012 Student Name: Ferah Arslan Student Number: 17530620 RESEARCH REPORT
SUBJECT: WHAT ARE THE PERCEPTIONS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONGST
INDIVIDUALS WHO LIVE IN WESTERN SYDNEY? ABSTRACT: What are the perceptions of
domestic violence amongst individuals who live in western Sydney? When the term "domestic
violence" is heard, it is most likely that acts of physical abuse would enter the individual's mind. It is
essential to affirm that domestic violence refers to many forms of abusive ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, it is certain that cases of domestic violence would be current issues of individuals
today, however, it is also more than likely that acts of domestic violence would occur on a less
frequent basis (in comparison to previous eras), and that such acts would be typically classified as
"injustice", "detrimental" and "wrong". However, it is also likely that views of domestic violence
would be somewhat narrow. That is, there are many forms of domestic violence, however, the first
and perhaps only form of domestic violence that would be considered by individuals of society
would be physical abuse. A significant example that would verify this proposition would be held in
the Merriam–Webster dictionary, defining the term domestic violence as: "the inflicting of physical
injury by one family or household member on another." Australian studies have thrown that partner
abuse within Australia ranged vastly from 2.1% to 28%. This is because results were largely
dependent on the definition of domestic violence used in each study. The lack of precise definition
of the term results in a number of various definitions. It is therefore essential that all forms of abuse,
whether they are physical, sexual or verbal, truly are categorised under the term domestic violence
(Hegarty and Roberts, 1998). Hence, it is evident that perceptions of domestic violence would vary
from one individual to another.

Assessment Of Diversity Proficiencies Objective
Assessment of Diversity Proficiencies Objective Walden University Denine Hasan Assessment of
Diversity Proficiencies Objective A. The candidate understands and can identify differences in
approaches to learning and performance, including different learning styles and performance modes,
and can facilitate instruction helps use students ' strengths as the basis for growth Teachers make use
of particular curricula which include active questioning, learning, supportive learning along with
other suitable approaches for learning. Evidence: (Derawi, 2014) UA (Universal Access) is an
approach used for differentiating coaching for students in accordance with their existing measure of
proficiency. English language training is an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
TPR reduces student inhibitions and also their affective filters. TPR enables students to be affected
by language with automaticity. It allows long–term retention as well as significantly reduces student
anxiety regarding learning. It is important to give routine sessions that advances in a logical order.
TPR training needs no first language (L1) cater to from the teacher. It will help students and their
course instructors in building the transition from initial language to the English language class–room
environment. PR would not rely upon totally cognitive skills. TPR presents almost all students a
greater chance to glow in a rare language environment (Wu et al, 2015). TPR trains English Learner
(EL) college students. It will require an instant reaction by the learner. Students break the poor
practice of over–analyzing language as well as become much more comfortable with studying under
the framework of the material. TPR do not require a verbal response from EL students. While
efficiently implemented, EL students usually understand what is going on during TPR training. This
results in an enhanced confidence and shrinking of the affective filter. The standards of TPR consist
of: a) setting up a script – it is important not to modify the language midway by means of the lesson;
b) scaffold mastering – TPR coaching needs to be viewed as an progression, with different language
being

The Cons And Disadvantages Of The Audiolingual Method In...
'Direct Method' became widely known in the United States through its use by Sauveur and
Maxmilian Berlitz. Sauveur (1907) suggested that a foreign language could be taught without
translation or the use of the learner's native tongue. However, Direct method failed to consider the
practical realities of the classroom. The Direct method represented the product of the enlightened
amateurism. It involved several drawbacks. It was largely dependent on the teacher's skill rather
than on a textbook so not everyone embraced it enthusiastically. Known words could be used to
teach new vocabulary, using mime, demonstration and pictures. The principles below refer to natural
methods, known as Direct method which adopted the following principles and procedures: ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This method is primarily an oral approach to teaching. That is why; the process of teaching involves
extensive oral instruction. The instruction focuses on immediate and accurate speech. Hence,
grammar is taught with little provision (Brooks, 1964; Richards & Rodgers, 1999). Although this
method began to lose its popularity in the late 1960s, Audiolingual method and materials continue to
be used today. The Audiolingual method was adopted for teaching foreign languages in North
American colleges. Dialogues and drills form the basis of audiolingual classroom practices.
Dialogues provide the means of contexualizing key structures. Correct pronunciation, rhythm,
intonation and stress are emphasized. The language may be presented orally first; written
representations are withheld from learners in early stages. Drills and pattern practices are features of
the Audiolingual Method. Below there are some common characteristics of different drills: (Brooks,
1964; Richards & Rodgers, 1999). Repetition: Students repeat an utterance aloud as soon as s/he
hears

Autism Rating Scale Essay
Childhood Autism Rating Scale
Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is a clinician–rating scale that contains 15 items. Each item
is rated by half scoring between 1 and 4 (11). CARS is rated according to the information obtained
from child observations and family interviews. Items of the scale are as following: interpersonal
relationships, imitation, emotional response, body use, object use, adaptation to change, visual
response, listening response, taste and smell responses, use of touch, fear/nervousness, verbal
communication, non–verbal communication, activity level, level of intellectual response, and
general impressions. 15–29 points indicate no autism, 30–36.5 points indicate mild–moderate
autism, and 37–60 points indicate severe autism. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
KINDL–R consists of 24 items referring to the past week with 5–point Likert–scales (Never to all
the time), with 11 items being reverse–coded. The scores range from 0 to 100, and higher scores
show higher levels of HRQOL. Eser et al. demonstrated the validity and reliability of the Turkish
version of the questionnaire (14). In this study, KINDL–R parent questionnaire was used.
Beck Depression Inventory
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a self–report scale developed by Beck in 1961 to evaluate the
depression risk and severity of depressive symptoms (15). It can be used for both psychiatric
patients and the general population. BDI includes 21 Likert–type items each scored between 0–3.
The range of scores is from 0 to 63. Hisli demonstrated the validity and reliability of the Turkish
version of the scale (16). In the present study, based on the approach of previous studies using the
scale in Turkey (17), the cutoff score for clinical depression was taken as 17.
State–Trait Anxiety

Why Was The Experience Shameful For You?
Tabel 2. Why was the experience shameful for you?
The reason why shameful Frequency Percent
Feel hurt or humiliated 153 50.2
The inherent character/shy 83 27.2
Breaking the norm either intentionally or unintentionally 59 19.3
Not fulfillment expectations themselves 10 3.3
Total Response 305 100.0
Part B of the instrument to explore things with regard to the perceived shame before doing
something. This question is intended to find out whether there is an experience of shame felt by
adolescents before performing an activity or conduct.
Tabel 3. Does the experience make you feel ashamed before doing something?
Experience shame before Frequency Percent
Failed to obtain a fulfilling personal ideal 76 31.4
Losing reputation 74 30.6
Embarrassment
43 17.8
Didn't provide a response 35 14.5
A very shame in 14 5.8
Tabel 4. Why would you feel ashamed at the time?
The reason would be shameful
Frequency Percent
Not according to the expectations of themselves 139 48.3
Embarrassment events
63 21.9
Didn't provide a response 32 11.1
Unintentionally breaking the norm 19 6.6
Breaking the norm 16 5.6
Subordinance events 15 5.2
The emergence of certain physical reactions 4 1.4
Interesting things in this section is the appearance of physical reactions which is why shame it was

perceived at the time as doing something, such as feeling nervous, feeling grogi, felt the cold sweat,
especially when doing something that doesn 't want to be known by

Load Measurement For Home Energy Management System With...
Load measurement in Home Energy Management System with Demand Response
Dhinakar P1, John Clement Sunder A2, Ramesh S M3, Vignesh Kirubaharan D4
1PG Scholar, 2Associate Professor, 1PG Scholar, 3Associate Professor, 4PG Scholar
1,2,3,4Bannari Amman Institute of Technology
Sathyamangalam, Pin no.638401
1maharajadhinakar@gmail.com, 2johnclementsundera@bitsathy.ac.in, 3rameshsm@bitsathy.ac.in,
4vigki92@gmail.com
Abstract: In this paper we present a load measurement scheme for home energy management system
with energy demand management. The proposed system will have control of various appliances that
are available in the home. It manages household loads according to their predefined priority and
guarantees the total household power consumption below certain levels. The home energy
management system will receive the demand response from the utility side. The goal of the system
is to encourage the consumer to use less energy during peak hours or to move the time of energy use
to off peak times such as nighttime and weekends. Thus the high peak–to–average ratio (PAR) of
power will be avoided and also we adopt real time pricing. The utility company use real time
dynamic pricing to coordinate demand responses to the benefit of the overall system. Hence for this
purpose we need to measure the power consumed by the various appliances that are available in the
home.
Keywords: Load Measurement, Home Energy Management System, Demand Response, Real Time
Pricing.
1. INTRODUCTION
The

Assignment : Critical Thinking Psychology
Unit 4 Assignment: Critical Thinking in Psychology
Shakirah Tulloch
PS 501
August 29, 2017
Kaplan University
Critical Thinking in Psychology This paper is based off of a peer reviewed research article. The
construct being assessed is the self–esteem of adolescents. One who has high self–esteem will feel
confident and will see themselves as deserving the respect of others. High self–esteem enables the
individual to be happy, have lots of energy, stay focused, and to be successful. Low self–esteem can
be caused by self–doubt, self–criticism, social isolation, suppressed anger, and shame. This level of
self–esteem also is a symptom of several mental health conditions, including anxiety and
depression. This study will discuss ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ten of the participants were biracial of which three identified as Caucasian and three as African
American (Myers, 2011).
A form was used to collect demographic data of the participants. The five factor wellness model
(5F–Wel) was developed to assess the factors that are incorporated in the Individual Self Model of
Self (IS–Wel). The content on the test includes 73 attitude and behavioral statements which are rated
using a 4 point Likert scale ranging from strongly agree (1) to strongly disagree (4). Reliability for
the subscales was as follows: Total Wellness, .98; Creative Self, .96; Coping Self, .89; Social Self,
.96; Essential Self, .95; and Physical Self, .90. The data from thus study states that the equivalent
alpha coefficients were .90, .89, .88, .89, .82, and .87 (Myers, 2011).
The IS–Wel is an evidence–based model derived from Alfred Adler's theory which highlights the
indivisibility of the self or in other words a more holistic approach. Five evaluating second factors
used in this instrument were creative, coping, social, essential, and physical self. Within this factor
were a set of 17 third order factor for example thinking, emotions, work, positive humor, leisure,
stress management, self–worth, friendship, love, spirituality, gender and identity just to name a few.
In this study however only the first and second factors were used. Coopersmith (CSEI) was used to
assess the participant's self–esteem. This

Alcohol Dependency Model
Introduction
The prevalence of the comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependency has
highlighted the vital need to design a measure in which these two constructs can be clinically
identified earlier to ensure prevention or early intervention (Fuehrlein, 2014). Posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) is operationalized as preceding, avoiding, paralyzing, and hyper–arousal symptoms
resulting from encountering, observing, or face–to–face interaction with death or near death
experiences, not excluding serious physical injury, or a threat to physical integrity (Pietrzak,
Goldstein, Southwick, & Grant, 2011). Alcohol dependence (AD) is labeled as a physical and
psychological addiction to alcohol. Concurring with drugs.com the brain ... Show more content on
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If the test is not a self–report measure an examiner should administer the test, but in order to
administer the test the test user must attend a special clinical training workshop to obtain essential
competence and understanding of PTSD and the symptoms that are associated with it after the
training session the examiner has to answer and complete review questions about the PTSD
workshop, upon completion the examiner has to shadow a PTSD test administer and after
completing this process the administer will be given a certification of completion. If the test
administer has a degree in Psychology he or she will have to complete different training sessions,
the individual will have to complete two classes regarding PTSD and upon completion the
individual will then be certified to administer the test.
The appropriate setting for administration is a clinical setting. This setting involves direct treatment
and observations of the patient.
The test results should be utilized to help current individuals suffering from both alcohol
dependence and PTSD by clearly focuses on certain areas that initiate PTSD and preventive
measures.
Test security ultimately consists of methods designed to prevent cheating and protects the test items
for being duplicated or exposed to future test takers.

Teresa Pica's Second Language Acquisition And Applied...
In the classroom, there are a variety of students who need attention–the implicit and the explicit
learners. To involve the two parties, a teacher must focus on activities which suit the needs of the
classroom. In Teresa Pica's 2005 essay, "Second Language Acquisition and Applied Learning," she
describes the debate whether implicit (conversational tone) learning is better than explicit (lecture)
(275–276); however, the results were inconclusive. In my essay, I intend to merge the two ideas
together to create a cohesive balance to all the students. I chose a physical game to involve muscle
memory, and I chose a non–physical game which includes reading to teach the ESL students in a
public school that either implicit or explicit learning is fun. For an icebreaker, I would introduce the
learning practice called Total Physical Response. As a high school student in Spanish class, my
teacher used this to incorporate requests, such as "Please stand up"; "Please sit down"; and "Would
you please sit back down." I remember the confusion of the classmates who did not know the
commands, and the classmates who did, laughing together as everyone copied off one another. To
me, Total Physical Response is a teaching method which makes students realize they are all in ESL
together. To further involve the students and their knowledge of English requests, I would have them
coordinate demands on their peers, or answer what the peers are doing (sitting, standing, etc....). The
learning advantages to this activity are connecting the words on paper to action to create muscle
memory in the brain. Words on paper may appear daunting to ESL learners, but using a physical
twist could release the tension of learning a second language. Furthermore, asking the class to do
something teaches them modals, linking verbs, and third person singular. When the student asks,
"Will you please stand up?" The student is using modals and inverted questions If the students were
to answer, "What is the class doing?" They are hearing more question words and inverted word
order for questions. In the students' reply, "They are standing," they use present progressive verb
forms. The troubles the students might experience would be not learning the vocabulary.

Analysis Of Peter's Response Indicates The Student
Analysis of Peter's response indicates the student believes he is experiencing significant distress in
many aspects of his life. All of the report's validity indicators were in the average range, suggesting
generally accurate responding. As scored, Peter is admitting borderline to slight elevation in the
Attention Problems and Hyper–Activity domains. These scores seem to indicate Peter is aware of
these personal attributes that have been so frequently documented in the educational record.
Students who are aware of these propensities are more likely to attempt to self–regulate said
behavior, and typically respond better to interventional strategies. Moreover, the student is reporting
adequate levels of connectedness with his family and his teachers, as evidenced by his Attitude to
Teachers and Relations with Parents scale scores. These sorts of alliances tend to be resilience
building factors, and may therefore offer some protection with regard to emotional dysregulation.
Peter also reports very elevated levels of Sense of Inadequacy and only marginal performance on the
Locus of Control scale. Students having difficulties in these domains will feel as if they have no
control over their lives. Peter may believe nothing goes right, even when he tries hard. Students with
weaknesses here may also experience a diminished sense of self–efficacy and self–confidence, and
may be prone to feelings of helplessness or hopelessness. The student also reported borderline
scores on the

Investigating the Possibility of a Developmental Trend in...
Investigating the possibility of a developmental trend in the way that children describe themselves.
Abstract This version of Rosenberg's research into children's self–descriptions analysed data from
semi–structured interviews with two children; Annie (8) and Kirsty (16). The data was interpreted to
ascertain whether, as in Rosenberg's research, children's self–descriptions show evidence of a
developmental progression and whether locus of self–knowledge shifts from other to self as children
get older. Substantial support was found for Rosenberg's theory that children's self–descriptions
become more complex with age and demonstrate a developmental trend. Some support was found
for the idea that the locus of self–knowledge shifts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The final recording of the interviews was edited to ensure a smooth flow. The recorded interviews
were listened to several times. The 'Who Am I?' statements were identified and transferred onto a
pre–prepared category analysis form (appendix 1). The categories, Physical, Character,
Relationships and Inner, were adapted from Rosenberg's (see appendix 2). Each sentence read out by
the interviewer was taken to constitute one statement. The statements were then coded. To ensure
coding consistency, each statement was reviewed against the criteria for the inner category, then
relationships, then character and then physical. Only if there was no way it could be said to fit
within the 'higher' category was it pushed down. Even if it may have fitted within two categories, the
fact that an order of review was applied meant that it would not be considered for a second category
if it had already been allocated. Once the categories had been applied, the responses in each column
were added up and the percentages calculated so that the results could be compared with
Rosenberg's findings. Next the detailed responses to the interview questions, including the locus of
self–knowledge questions, were analysed in the context of Rosenberg's research findings. The
responses of the children were analysed to see if the same patterns were present. Ethics The data
collected by the Open University ED209 course team was intended to comply with the BPS

Total Hip Replacement
Total hip replacement or THR is a clinically effective procedure for the treatment of pain and
disability that arises due to the final stage arthritis of the hip. THR is prescribed for the patients who
do not respond to the options that are non surgical, self management, education of the patient,
physical therapy, acupuncture, and exercise. ( Pivec. et.al,2012). Numerous procedures , a range of
implant designs are available and it is the surgeon who has to decide upon as to which type of
fixation technique should be used and which bearing couple should be chosen, component fixation
method. Both cementless and cemented fixation are used currently for THR surgery. The implants of
total hip replacement consists of acetabular component, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1. Comparison of (a) stiffness, (b) strength and (c) fracture toughness for metals, technical ceramics,
composites and fibre reinforced plastics with respect to those of bone
[23–31]. CF: carbon fibre, GF: glass fibre, PA12: polyamide12, PC: polycarbonate, PE:
polyethylene, PEEK: poly ether ether ketone, PLGA: poly(l–lactic–co–glycolic acid), PLLA:poly(l–
lactic acid), PP: polypropylene, PSU: polysulfone, PTFE: polytetrafluoroethylene, PUR:
polyurethane.
References
Clarke IC, Good V, Williams P, Schroeder D, Anissian L, Stark A, et al.Ultra–low wear rates for
rigid–on–rigid bearings in total hip replacements.Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2000;214(4):331–47
Lui DF, Bandorf N, Riordan P, Jaweesh O, DuruB, Bennett D. Preoperative comorbidity and
modesof failure in revision hip arthroplasty:a single–surgeon series in a tertiary referral centre.
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2013;23(3):329–333.
Philpott A,Weston–Simons JS,Grammatopoulos G, et al. Predictive outcomes of revision total hip
replacement–a consecutive series of 1176 patients with aminimum 10–year follow–up.
Maturitas. 2014;77(2):185–190.
Pivec R, Johnson A J, Mears S C, Mont M A. Hip arthroplasty. Lancet 2012; 380 (9855):

The Theory Of Knowledge F Social Scientifically Research
SOC 2290: Research Methods
The theoretical orientation of this research will focus on the theory of knowledge f the social
scientifically research. The approach will examine the relationship between the level of exercise and
personal health, which will illustrate whether the individual 's personal health is impacted by his/her
level of exercise or if there are additional variables that might effect this causal relationship.
The significance of the study review the issues and factors, whether increasing an individual`s
overall level of exercise will result in an increase in the individual`s health. The study does focus on
a sample of University of Manitoba Students; the independent variable being the level of exercise
and the dependent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Conceptual framework
Independent variable Constant variable Dependent variable
Independent variable: The level of exercise is measured by how much a student's exercise per week
Dependent variable: Is measured by the individual weekly health measurements
Control variable: Is measure by the students degree of food intake, whether healthy food or non–
healthy food. Section 2: Univeriate analysis
Independent variable: level of Exercise
A measure of central tendency was computed to summarize the data for the level of exercise. A
measure of dispersion is computed to understand the variability scores of the independent variable.
The following are the results obtained from the data collection sample size = 1238, Mean = 1.99,
Median = 2.00, Mode = 1.00 and SD = 0.889 variable. When looking at the mean, it appears that
most students responded to the variable in the questionnaires. And it shows that distribution is
symmetric since the mean is close to equal the median, which concludes that this variable has a
close to zero skewness.
Statistics
Q1B recoded
N Valid 1238 Missing 7
Mean 1.9919
Median 2.0000
Mode 1.00
Std. Deviation .88913
Variance .791
Range 2.00
Minimum 1.00

Maximum 3.00
Q1B recoded Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Dissatisfied 494 39.7 39.9 39.9 Neither 260 20.9 21.0 60.9 Satisfied 484 38.9 39.1 100.0 Total
1238 99.4

Alexithymia
Alexithymia will be measured by using Toronto Alexithymia Scale TAS (Bagby, Parker, et al., 1994;
Bagby, Taylor, et al., 1994). It is the most commonly used and extensively validated measure (James
DA Parker et al., 2010; Säkkinen, Kaltiala–Heino, Ranta, Haataja, & Joukamaa, 2007). The scale
shows good internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent, discriminant, and concurrent
validity (Bagby, Parker, et al., 1994; Bagby, Taylor, et al., 1994; J. D. Parker, Taylor, & Bagby,
2003; Taylor, Bagby, & Parker). It was designed to be used in adult and validated in adolescents
(James DA Parker et al., 2010; Säkkinen et al., 2007). The Cronbach alpha for the whole scale was
0.73; Cronbach alpha for DIF subscale was 0.78, for the DDF subscale was 0.64 and 0.57 for the
EOT subscale (Säkkinen et al., 2007). TAS includes 20 items that is divided into 3 subscales:
difficulty identifying feelings (DIF) with 7 items, difficulty describing feelings (DDF) with 5 items,
and externally oriented thinking (EOT) with 8 items. TAS is 5 point Likert scale ranging from 1 ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It includes 6 items, 4 items relating to widespread pain and 2 items relating to fatigue with 1 "yes"
or 0 "No" response. LFESSQ was successfully used to screen for FM in patients and general
population. The sensitivity and specificity of the tool is 100% and 53%, respectively. It showed test–
retest reliability of 100% among people who screen negative and it has a positive predictive value of
57%. Patients are diagnosed with FM if they meet pain criteria alone or both pain and fatigue
criteria. Meeting pain criteria requires "yes" response to all 4 pain items; and fatigue criteria requires
"yes" response to both fatigue items (Marcus & Deodhar,

Essay On Return To Work After Traumatic Brain Injury
Return to Work after Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review With all the rest required when
recovering from a traumatic brain injury, there is a lot of productivity lost in the work place. This
loss of productivity has also been shown to result lack of job stability. There is not any exact data on
the amount of financial data lost due specifically to TBI, but the annual cost of acute care and
rehabilitation as close to reaching 10 billion dollars (Vuadens 2006). The main focus of a study by
Saltychev was about returning to work following a TBI. He was identifying factors that are able to
predict successful employment after a traumatic injury. Four of the trials he explored were found
had positive interventions with returning to work. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The SF–12 questionnaire was used to assess the health status of the subjects. The data was looked at
sorting by gender differences and the activity level categories as they wanted to know these
differences. The results showed a significant effect between physical activity levels and health status
but there was not a significant change when looking at health status when separating by gender. The
effect found between physical activity levels and mental health showed that 150 minutes was
sufficient to increase mental health. For all physical activity over 150 minutes there was not an
increase to show the subjects continued to increase their health status. A home–based walking study
to ameliorate perceived stress and depressive symptoms in people with a traumatic brain injury
Bellon wanted to determine whether a 12–week walking program would decrease perceived stress
and depression symptoms in persons with traumatic brain injuries. She began with saying people
with TBIs can lead to chronic problems with fatigue, physical and emotional health, community
reintegration and social isolation. She recruited participants in the San Francisco area that had
sustained a concussion within the past

Age And Second Language Acquisition

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Age And Second Language Acquisition