Aerodynamics is the study of how moving gases affect the motion of a body, significantly influencing car design for safety and fuel efficiency. The evolution of car aerodynamics reflects changes from early designs to the necessity for optimized shapes due to economic factors, especially after the fuel crisis of the 1970s. Key elements such as the front and rear wings, diffusers, and advancements in software tools underscore the ongoing need for improving aerodynamics in automobiles to enhance speed and efficiency.

1. AERODYNAMICS
A BASIC INTRODUCTION TO AERODYNAMICS

2. DEFINATION
 Aerodynamics is the study of moving gases over a body in
motion, and how that airflow will affect the body's
movement through the flow. car aerodynamics make the
car more safer and make it more fuel efficient. It is used
in most of the cars today specially in race cars because
there is more need of aerodynamics in high speeds cars.

3. INTRODUCTION
 AERODYNAMICS :
Study of forces generated by motion of air on moving body.
 CLASSIFACATION OF AERODYNAMICS :
external and internal, subsonic , supersonic , hypersonic
 FIELDS OF APPLICATION :
aerospace engineering, design of automobiles , ships , civil
engineering , design of bridges etc.

4. EVOLUTION OF AERODYNAMICS IN CARS
 DESIGN’S IN EARLY 20th CENTURY :
cars with low speeds, no aerodynamic problems.
 CAR’S IN THE EARLY 50’s :
cars designed for big family’s , complete negligence
of aerodynamics.
 CARS AFTER 70’s :
fuel crisis , need of economic designs , evolution of aerodynamics.

5. FORCES IN AERODYNAMICS
 LIFT
 DRAG
 WEIGHT
 THRUST

6. DRAG LIFT
 drag can be explained as the force
caused by turbulent airflow around
an object that opposes the forward
motion of the object through a gas
or fluid.
 It is the sum of all fluid dynamic
forces on a body normal to the
direction of external flow around
the body. Lift is caused by
Bernoulli's effect which states that
air must flow over a long path in
order to cover the same
displacement in the same amount
of time.

7. WEIGHT THRUST
 It is actually just the weight of
the object that is in motion.i.e.
the mass of the object
multiplied by the magnitude of
gravitational field. This weight
has a significant effect on
the acceleration of the object.
 When a body is in motion a drag
force is created which opposes
the motion of the object so
thrust can be the force produce
in opposite direction to drag
that is higher than that of drag
so that the body can move
through the fluid

8. FRONT WING EFFECT ON AERODYNAMICS
OF A F1 CAR
The front wing is important because it is the first part of the car that
makes contact with the air.
It affects the airflow in the full length of the car and even tiny changes
can have huge effects on the overall performance.
Front wing is one of the elements that is used for down force because it
creates high pressure area on top and hence large amount of down
force

9. ON REAR WING
 The rear wing helps glue the rear wheels to the track, but
it also hugely increase drag (air residence against the
body of the car).

10. DIFFUSER
The diffuser, or floor, is
designed to ensure the
smoothest exit for the
air that is flowing under
the car. Designers come
up with a huge variety
of complicated shapes
because the quicker the
air exits, the more down
force the car generates,
and the faster it will be.

11. SOFTWARES
 Now a days a large number of software's are developed for the analysis and
optimization of aerodynamics in automobiles
 most commonly used software's are ANSYS,CATIA.

12. ENGINE LOSSES

13. WHAT IS THE NEED FOR IMPROVEMENT OF
AERODYNAMICS IN CARS
 SPEED
better aerodynamics higher will be the speeds.
 FUEL EFFICIENCY
better aerodynamics , less work for engine.

14. FEW THINGS WE CAN DO TO IMPROVE
AERODYNAMICS
 Keep your vehicle washed and
waxed
 Remove mud flaps behind
wheels
 Place license plate out of air
flow
 Avoid roof-racks or carriers
 Close windows, close sunroof

15. COEFFICIENT OF DRAG
 Drag = 1/2xd x Cd x A Xv2
 Measure of aerodynamic
efficiency.
 CD= Coefficient of drag, dependent on
the specific geometry of the object,
 d= Density of air
 V=Velocity of object relative to air,
 A=Cross-sectional area of object,
parallel to wind

16. CHANGE IN DESIGNING OF LAMBORGHINI
1967 1977 1990

17. CONCLUSION
 Earlier cars were poorly designed with heavy engines , protruding
parts and rectangular Shapes due to which they consumed large
quantities of fuel and became unaffordable all theses factors lead to
the development and need of aerodynamics in the design of cars now
it would be fair to say that all most all cars are tested for getting the
optimum aerodynamic configuration.

18. QUESTIONS
 WHICH IS THE FIRST PART OF THE CAR WHICH COME IN CONTACT WITH
THE AIR.

19. REFERENCES
 www.google.com
 www.Wikipedia.com
 www.youtube.com