NACE - ICDA standards for wet-gas and normally dry gas are founded on our ICPT-PM advanced hazard modelling algorithms. ICPT-PM pin-points the most probable locations of corrosion and the severity of corrosion damage accumulated over-life metal loss along the pipeline; prioritized regions for integrity validation. ICPT-PM provides mitigation guidance for Production Operations action to prevent corrosion initiation action plan to prevent growth of pre-existing corrosion damage.

1. Advanced Internal Corrosion
Profiling Tool with Pipeline
Modelling - ICPT-PM
Enhancing Pipeline
Integrity Management
Programs
Corrosion Profiling
Mitigation Guidance

2. Advanced Internal Corrosion Profiling Tool with
Pipeline Modelling - ICPT-PM
Background
Part A

3. ICPT-PM Corrosion Modelling Service
(1994 – Present)
Internal Corrosion Profiling Tool – Pipeline Modelling
Q-ICDA ICPT-PM

4. How a Simplified Version of ICPT-PM
became the Foundation for NACE - ICDA
• ICPT-PM is the outcome of a 25-year sustained commitment
to rigorous engineering calculations & deep subject-matter
knowledge vs. acceptance of simplified flow correlations
• In 2001 an INGAA / AGA technical committee embraced
ICPT-PM as the foundation of ICDA
• INGAA / AGA – ICDA Standard became NACE – ICDA
• wet-gas / normally dry-gas

5. ICPT-PM is the Foundation of NACE – ICDA Standards for
Wet-Gas and Normally Dry Gas Pipelines
P i p e F l o
Technical Committee –
Internal Corrosion
2001 – 2003
(B. Cookingham & O. Moghissi)
ICPT-PM Development
(1994 – 2003)
Calgary, Alberta
ICDA Dry Gas / Wet-Gas
2005
PIPESIM / OLGA
A simplified method to
predict internal corrosion
based upon exceedance
of critical inclination angle
to trigger water hold-up
ICPT-PM Consulting Projects
Continued
David Richardson, P.Eng.
2003 – 2020
ICPT-PM (1994 – Present)
ICPT - PM
A Sustained Commitment to
Rigorous Engineering Models
(1994 – Present)

6. ICPT-PM Calculations vs. NACE - ICDA
• NACE – ICDA is a dramatic simplification of ICPT-PM
• ICPT – PM delivers a more accurate corrosion profile than
NACE – ICDA simplified flow correlations
• NACE – ICDA has a legacy of under-performing for the industry

7. Advanced Internal Corrosion
Profiling Tool with Pipeline
Modelling -
ICPT-PM
ICPT-PM within ICDA Projects
Part B

8. smart-Project Management Inc.
Internal Corrosion Profiling Tool with Pipeline Modelling
(ICPT-PM)
1. ICPT-PM pin-points the most probable locations of corrosion and
the severity of corrosion damage
• accumulated over-life metal loss along the pipeline;
• prioritized regions for integrity validation
2. ICPT-PM provides mitigation guidance for Production Operations
• action to prevent corrosion initiation
• action plan to prevent growth of pre-existing corrosion damage

9. ICPT-PM within ICDA PROJECTS
• ICPT-PM corrosion rate & corrosion damage profiles are the
foundation of ICDA Projects
• ICDA – Step 1 / Pre-Assessment (PrA)
• data collection & project execution strategy
• ICDA – Step 2 / Indirect Inspection (IDI)
• characterization of corrosion rate & corrosion damage profiles /
identification of regions of most probable corrosion damage
• ICPT-PM provides corrosion mitigation schedules
• ICDA – Step 4 / Post Assessment (PoA) & ongoing SMS integrity
management process
• ICPT-PM characterization of most probable corrosion location
profile used to create an integrity validation plan
• ICDA – Step 3 / Direct Examination (DEx)
• In-line inspection and non-destructive examination of pipe condition at
identified integrity dig sites

10. ICDA Project Execution -
ICPT-PM vs NACE – ICDA Standards
ICDA PROJECT
Step 1 – ICDA-PrA
Step 2 – ICDA-IDI
(including ICPT-PM)
Step 4 – ICDA-PoA
Step 3 – ICDA-DEx
ICPT-PM within ICDA Projects
Part C

11. ICDA Project Workflow
ICDA Step 1 – Pre-Assessment (PrA)
Data Gathering & Conditioning
NACE ICDA STANDARD METHOD Trusted Pipeline Advisor / ICPT-PM
• Selection of Applicable NACE – ICDA Standard
• Multi-Phase Gathering – MP:
• ICDA - SP0116-2016;
• Wet-Gas Gathering:
• WG - ICDA - SP0110-2018;
• Dry-Gas Transmission:
• DG - ICDA - SP0206-2016;
• Petroleum Liquids / Crude Oil:
• LP - ICDA - SP0208-2008.
• Data Conditioning to Support Pipeline Modelling
• Standard Data Collection Form to Support Model
• physical & operating data
• System Analysis & Project Execution Plan
• Definition of Pipeline Connectivity / Segmentation
• Pipeline flow schematics & production allocation
• Pipeline sub-segmentation and production
side-streams
• Identification of flow reversals
• Development of pipeline modelling execution plan
• Define over-life operating eras
ICDA Step 2 – Indirect Inspection (IDI)
Dry Gas or
Wet-Gas?
Normally
Dry-Gas &
Wet-Gas
No Pipeline
Model Required
Models are Required for
all Pipelines
Simplified
Correlations
Rigorous Engineering
Assessment
Liquid &
Multi-Phase

12. • Highly accurate profiles vs. In-Line Inspection Data
• Accurate water-film
profiling supports accurate
pH profiling within water
traps & accurate corrosion
damage assessment
ICDA Project Workflow
ICDA Step 2 – Indirect Inspection (IDI)
Incorporating Hydraulic Modelling Data
Develop & execute pipeline models
NACE - ICDA STANDARD METHODS
Trusted Pipeline Advisor / ICPT-PM
Dry Gas / Wet-Gas Multi-Phase / Liquids
Corrosion damage identified at locations
of multi-phase fluid flow pattern
ICDA Step 4 – Post Assessment (PoA)
Identify exceedance of
critical inclination angle /
water-film accumulation
NACE – ICDA corrosion rate &
Most probable corrosion locations
Simplified
Correlations
Rigorous Engineering
Assessment
Poor alignment with actual
corrosion damage / in-line
inspection data
All Pipeline Types
Post-Processing of Modelling Data Improves
Accuracy of Corrosion Rate & Damage Profiling
• ICPT – PM creates a real-world water-film
fraction with consideration of liquid-liquid
slippage & accurate water trap severity

13. Pin-Pointing the most
probable corrosion locations &
accumulated metal loss
SMS / POMM Manuals:
Pipeline Operating and
Maintenance Manual
Standards & Reporting
SMS Integrity Program
Implementation
Checklists / Forms /
Work-Orders
Work Scheduling &
Communication
Improvements
• Corporate Compliance
• Pipeline Reliability
• Cost Optimization
HQ / Field
Operations
SMS Corporate Program /
Managed Services
Tracking / KPI’s
Activity Tracking
& Reporting
• Regulations
• Technical Standards
• ICDA Project / Step 1 & 2
• TRIAGE
• ICPT – PM
TRIAGE – Advanced Hazard Classification
ICPT – PM Profiling & Mitigation
Classification of
pipelines according
to corrosion
likelihood
ICDA Project / Step 4 – Post Assessment (PoA)
SMS Integrity Management
ICDA / Step 3
Direct Assessment

14. 1) In-Line Inspection; or,
2) Non-Destructive Inspection
(Integrity Digs) at Most
Probable Corrosion Locations
Trusted Pipeline Advisor – ICDA Project Workflow
ICDA Step 3 – Direct Examination (DEx)
Validation of Pipeline Integrity
ICDA / Step 3 –
Direct Examination (DEx)
ICDA Step 2 – Indirect Inspection
• Regions of most probable corrosion
damage
• Corrosion mitigation guidance

15. Advanced Internal Corrosion
Profiling Tool with Pipeline
Modelling -
ICPT-PM
Self-Audit of ICPT-PM vs
NACE – ICDA Standards
Part D

16. Baseline
Pipeline Model
Digital
Elevation
Profiling
Corrosion
Rate
Profiling
Isolated Pitting
Corrosion
Damage
Non-Conforming
Operations &
Fugitive Fluids
Mitigation
Guidance &
Integrity Planning
NACE-ICDA
CUMULATIVEBUSINESSVALUE
ICPT-PM
No pre-requisite for
selection of the
pipeline hydraulic
modelling tool.
Empirical models
(typically used)
provide transport
data for combined
liquid phase – does
not provide
separate transport
data for water-film.
Simplified corrosion
damage profile
directly considers
NACE critical angle
for water hold-up
and changes to
multiphase flow
pattern profile; no
post-processing of
modelling data to
support corrosion
profiling.
Standard USGS –
DEM data with
10-metre data
spacing applied.
Provision of
mitigation
guidance not
within scope –
expectation is for
SME to create
integrity strategy
incorporating
ICDA within Step
4 – PoA.
NACE Corrosion Rate-
NACE – deWaard
corrosion rate model
(or similar) applied
along entire pipeline
length as single
(hypothetical)
corrosion rate
profile.
Does not consider
water-film dynamics
or pH of individual
water traps.
NACE Corrosion Rate
NACE - deWaard
corrosion rate
uniformly applied along
entire pipeline length
and considered
representative of
actual corrosive
conditions for the
pipeline. No
consideration of non-
conforming operations
or ingress of fugitive
corrosive fluids.
Mechanistic /
compositional
models define
liquid – liquid
transport
properties -
accurate water-
film
characterization.
DEM algorithm
applies data
interpolation
algorithm to
enhance
reliability of
elevation profile
and corrosion
damage profile.
Corrosion Rate 1 –
NACE Corrosion Rate
calculated as per NACE
standard method
Corrosion Rate 2 –
real-world water-film
fraction established to
support pH of individual
water traps and more
accurate corrosion rate
profile.
Corrosion Rate 3
– real-world
corrosion rate
considers non-
conforming
(upset) conditions
& fugitive fluid
ingress.
Real-world water-
film fraction and
pH profiling
supports reliable
corrosion pitting
damage
determination.
Formal integrity plans
provide mitigation
guidance for a range of
likely operating
conditions (low –
normal – high flow) to
support ongoing
pipeline integrity
management
processes.
NACE – ICDA
SIMPLIFED MODELS
TPA
ICPT-PM
Trusted Pipeline Advisor / ICPT-PM (1994 – Present)
SIMPLIFIED
MODELS
RIGOROUS
ENGINEERING
ASSESSMENT

17. Digital Elevation
(DEM) Data
Pipeline
Physical Data
Pipeline
Operating Data
Create Pipeline
Hydraulic Model
Execute Pipeline
Hydraulic Model
Export Raw
Hydraulic Data
CALCULATION
PROCESS
Establish Liquid-
Liquid Slip
Liquid Fraction
Profile
Liquid Velocity
Profile
Create Water-
Film Fraction
Profile
EICE –
PIPECUBE
Elevation Profile
Inclination Angle
Profile
Water Transit
Rate Profile
Fluid Property
Data
Fluid Density
Profile
CORROSION RATE 2
Real-World
Corrosion Rate
Profile CORROSION
PITTING
PROFILE
Isolated
Corrosion
Damage Profile
CUMULATIVE
METAL LOSS
PROFILE
Corrosion
Mitigation
Guidance
Direct
Examination
Strategy
(Integrity Digs /
In-Line
Inspection)
CORROSION RATE 1
NACE Corrosion Rate
Profile
(Max Rate)
NACE Corrosion
Rate Calculation
Method
Pressure /
Temperature
Profile
ICPT-PM Project
Flow Pattern
Profile
Gas Velocity
Profile
Unique to
ICPT-PM
ICPT-PM Mitigation Guidance
vs Flow Conditions
Post-Processing of Modelling Data Improves Accuracy of Results
• ICPT-PM applies complex calculations onto pipeline modelling
data to properly define the water-film profile along the
pipeline
• considers water-oil slippage to define actual water-film
fraction
• Accurate water-film profile supports consideration of water
retention time (pH level) of water traps• Post-processing creates a real-world water-film fraction to
support accurate pH modelling within individual water traps;
• creates accurate corrosion rate & pitting profiles
Pin-Pointing the most Probable Locations for Corrosion Damage &
Mitigation Guidance to Prevent Growth

18. Digital Elevation
(DEM) Data
Pipeline
Physical Data
Pipeline
Operating Data
Create Pipeline
Hydraulic Model
Execute Pipeline
Hydraulic Model
Export Raw
Hydraulic Data
Flow Pattern
Profile
Pressure /
Temperature
Profile
Liquid Fraction
Profile
Gas Velocity
Profile
Liquid Velocity
Profile
Project
Execution
Strategy
Elevation Profile
Inclination Angle
Profile
Fluid Property
Data
Fluid Density
Profile
CORROSION RATE 1
NACE Corrosion Rate
Profile
(Max Rate)
NACE Corrosion
Rate Calculation
Method
CUMULATIVE
METAL LOSS
PROFILE
CALCULATION
PROCESS
Identify Pipeline
Sub-Regions
Based Upon
Flow Pattern
Profile
Direct
Examination
Strategy
(Integrity Digs
/
In-Line
Inspection)
NACE - ICDA PROJECT
A Simplification of ICPT-PM
Simplified
Approach
Directly Applies
Flow Modelling
Data
• NACE – ICDA directly translate inclination angle and changes to flow
pattern profile to derive corrosion profile;
• no post-processing of pipeline modelling data
• no consideration of oil-water slippage in multi-phase
• unrealistically assumes water occupies consistent percent of
liquid film (based upon % water-cut in feed stream)
• compromises accuracy of corrosion rate & damage predictions
• Assumes corrosion rate is equal to NACE – Corrosion Rate
• does not consider residence time (pH levels) within
individual water traps
Direct use of modelling data to
create corrosion rate and damage
profiles does not correspond with
real-world pipeline performance
Direct use of Modelling Data Provides a Poor Estimate of Corrosion Potential
NACE – ICDA does not provide
mitigation guidance

19. Advanced Internal Corrosion
Profiling Tool with Pipeline
Modelling -
ICPT-PM
Unique Project Deliverables
• Corrosion Rate & Corrosion
Damage Profiles
• Mitigation Guidance for Field
Operations / Chemical Teams
Part E

20. Pin-Pointing the most Probable Locations for Corrosion Damage &
Mitigation Guidance to Prevent Growth
Most Probable Corrosion Defects
• Isolated pitting corrosion damage
• non-conforming operating conditions
(off-spec gas)
• Oxygen ingress accelerates corrosion
• Wall loss > 50%
Critical Inclination Angle –
Stagnant Water Accumulation
• by EICE - PIPECUBE
ICPT-PM Project
Unmitigated Corrosion Rate –
• Non-conforming operation / off-spec gas
• general wall-loss corrosion damage
• < 20% wall loss
Unmitigated Corrosion Rate –
• Steady-state conforming operation
• no corrosion damage

21. Gas Rate – mscf/day
Prevent Pre-Existing Corrosion
Damage from Growing /
Prevent New Corrosion Damage
Detrimental Water-Film Transport / Corrosion Rate / Corrosion Pitting
Mitigation Guidance vs Severity of Internal Corrosion Susceptibility
Severe Stagnant Water Traps
Prevent Growth of
Pre-existing Corrosion
HIGH LOW
Fast-Moving Water-Film
No Accumulation of Thick-
Water Film
Thick-Water Film
No Detrimental Stagnant
Water Traps
Reduced Flow Triggers
Mitigation Change
INTERNAL CORROSION SEVERITY
HIGHLOW
Mitigation
Suspension
Mitigation
Operating
MPY
MPY
GAS RATE GAS RATE
MIN
RATE
NORMAL
RATE
MAX
RATE
ICPT-PM Project – Corrosion Mitigation Guidance

22. Advanced Internal Corrosion
Profiling Tool with Pipeline
Modelling -
ICPT-PM
REFERENCE
ICDA Project Work Flow
Part F

23. Step 1 – Preassessment – PrA
• Data Collection
• ICPT-PM Standard Data Collection Form
• Physical & operating data
• System Analysis & Project Execution Plan
• Definition of ICDA Pipeline Connectivity / Segmentation
• Pipeline flow schematics & production allocation
• Pipeline sub-segmentation and production side-
streams
• Identification of flow reversals
• Development of pipeline modelling execution plan
• Define over-life operating eras
ICDA PROJECT
Step 1 – ICDA-PrA
Step 2 – ICDA-IDI
(including ICPT-PM)
Step 4 – ICDA-PoA
Step 3 – ICDA-DEx
ICPT-PM ICDA Project Work Flow

24. Step 2 – Indirect Inspection – IDI
• Development and application of EICE – PIPCUBE hydraulic
models
• Conduct pipeline simulations aligned to Step 1 – PrA plan
• ICPT-PM Engineering Assessment
• Publication of corrosion rate & corrosion damage profiles by
application of ICPT-PM methodology
• Identification of most probable locations (MPL) for corrosion damage
• Establish over-life cumulative metal wall loss for each defined
operating era
• Publication of corrosion mitigation guidance for assuring long-term
reliable operation to ICDA – Step 4 – Post Assessment (PoA)
ICDA PROJECT
Step 1 – ICDA-PrA
Step 2 - ICDA-IDI
(including ICPT-PM)
Step 4 - ICDA-PoA
Step 3 - ICDA-DEx
ICPT-PM ICDA Project Work Flow
• Direct Examination Plan
• Publication of cost-effective strategy for establishing pipeline integrity
• NACE – ICDA Step 3 – Direct Examination (DEx)

25. Step 3 – Direct Examination - DEx
• Execute Integrity Validation Plan
• Pipeline excavations at most probable locations
(MPL’s)
• Apply non-destructive (NDE) techniques to
measure pipeline wall thickness
• Perform in-line inspection of pipeline with coverage
of MPL’s
ICDA PROJECT
Step 1 - ICDA-PrA
Step 2 - ICDA-IDI
(including ICPT-PM)
Step 4 - ICDA-PoA
Step 3 – ICDA-DEx
ICPT-PM ICDA Project Work Flow

26. Step 4 – Post Assessment - PoA
• ICDA Project Report
• Effectiveness of NACE – ICDA
ICDA PROJECT
Step 1 – ICDA-PrA
Step 2 – ICDA-IDI
(including ICPT-PM)
Step 4 – ICDA-PoA
Step 3 – ICDA-DEx
• Implementation of Mitigation Guidance (from ICDA Step 2 – IDI)
• Application of Mitigation Guidance published from IDI - Step 2
• Workshops with field, operations teams
• Consideration of system knowledge and operating experience
to create final mitigation schedules
• Ongoing support to implementation of performance-based (SLMS)
pipeline integrity management process
• Pipeline operating manuals
• Activity tracking vs schedule
• Compliance and tracking & KPI reporting
• Implementation of Corrosion Monitoring Plan
• Project management & field implementation
• Liaise with client – engineering & field, operations teams
ICPT-PMIMPLEMENTATIONOFINTEGRITYPLANS
ICPT-PM ICDA Project Work Flow

27. ICPT-PM Enhances Pipeline Integrity
Management Programs
David Richardson, P.Eng.
Sr. Pipeline Integrity Engineer
1982 - Present
david@trustedpipelineadvisor.com
403 880-2835
https://www.trustedpipelineadvisor.com