The phrase “activities of daily living” gets thrown around a lot at the doctor’s office, at physical and occupational therapy appointments — and in assisted living materials. So what are these so-called “activities of daily living” and just why are they so important?
Activities of Daily Living
Activities of daily living (ADLs) is a term used in health care to refer to a series of basic activities performed by individuals on a daily basis necessary for independent living at home or in the community.
The concept was originally proposed in the 1950s, and there are many variations on the definition of the activities of daily living. Most health care professionals break ADLs into six basic categories, and by assessing whether or not someone is capable of performing these activities on their own, you can more easily gauge their independence.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
There are also things called instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Although IADLs are important to be able to live independently, they aren’t necessarily required activities on a daily basis. However, they can help determine with greater detail the level of assistance required by a senior. Most health care professionals break IADLs into seven basic categories.
It’s harder to notice a loss of functioning with assessing instrumental activities, but the functional ability for IADLs is generally lost prior to ADLs. Knowing the IADLs can help determine with greater detail the level of assistance required your loved one.
Why the ADLs and IADLs Are Important
You don’t need to go home immediately and asses your parents’ ability to wash the dishes or rifle through their fridge the next time you’re home to see if there is yogurt that is long past its use-by date.
That being said, the six activities of daily living and the seven instrumental activities of daily living can be helpful in assessing whether your parents can or should continue living on their own or if some assistance might be needed.
Signs It’s Time to Start the Search for Assisted Living
For many seniors, there’s a general progression for these activities. As your parents age, harder tasks, such as bathing, tend to become more and more challenging to do on their own, while feeding themselves might be one of the last ADLs they need assistance with.
Plus, what someone needs to be able to do to live or function on their own can vary from person to person, from your mom to your dad, and a person’s physical and cognitive abilities can fluctuate from one day to the next or decline incrementally over time.
So next time you’re at home or on the phone with your parents, just keep an eye out for changes in function.
For more information about when it’s time to start considering making the move into assisted living, download our eBook Signs It’s Time to Start the Search for Assisted Living.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The phrase “activities of daily living” gets thrown around a lot at the doctor’s office, at physical and occupational therapy appointments — and in assisted living materials. So what are these so-called “activities of daily living” and just why are they so important?
Activities of Daily Living
Activities of daily living (ADLs) is a term used in health care to refer to a series of basic activities performed by individuals on a daily basis necessary for independent living at home or in the community.
The concept was originally proposed in the 1950s, and there are many variations on the definition of the activities of daily living. Most health care professionals break ADLs into six basic categories, and by assessing whether or not someone is capable of performing these activities on their own, you can more easily gauge their independence.
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
There are also things called instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Although IADLs are important to be able to live independently, they aren’t necessarily required activities on a daily basis. However, they can help determine with greater detail the level of assistance required by a senior. Most health care professionals break IADLs into seven basic categories.
It’s harder to notice a loss of functioning with assessing instrumental activities, but the functional ability for IADLs is generally lost prior to ADLs. Knowing the IADLs can help determine with greater detail the level of assistance required your loved one.
Why the ADLs and IADLs Are Important
You don’t need to go home immediately and asses your parents’ ability to wash the dishes or rifle through their fridge the next time you’re home to see if there is yogurt that is long past its use-by date.
That being said, the six activities of daily living and the seven instrumental activities of daily living can be helpful in assessing whether your parents can or should continue living on their own or if some assistance might be needed.
Signs It’s Time to Start the Search for Assisted Living
For many seniors, there’s a general progression for these activities. As your parents age, harder tasks, such as bathing, tend to become more and more challenging to do on their own, while feeding themselves might be one of the last ADLs they need assistance with.
Plus, what someone needs to be able to do to live or function on their own can vary from person to person, from your mom to your dad, and a person’s physical and cognitive abilities can fluctuate from one day to the next or decline incrementally over time.
So next time you’re at home or on the phone with your parents, just keep an eye out for changes in function.
For more information about when it’s time to start considering making the move into assisted living, download our eBook Signs It’s Time to Start the Search for Assisted Living.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
2. Activities of Daily Living
Activities of daily living (ADLs) – Term used in
healthcare to refer to daily self care activities
within an individual's place of residence, in
outdoor environments, or both.
Ability or inability to perform
ADLs as a measurement of the
functional status of a person.
3. WE ALL WANT To . . .
Wake
up
Brush teeth
Dress
Nicely
Take shower
Eat
Good
Meal
Preparation
Leisure
Out
Travelling
Games
Reading
Pamper
ourselves
Groom Well
Shop
Clothes
Accessories
Shoes
Resta
urants
Street Food
Hotels
Extended Family
Comu
nicate
9. Independence…
Contact your Occupational Therapist to enhance
your
I N D E P E N D E N C E
INDEPENDENCE IS NOT A PHYSICAL STATE
BUT MORE AN ATTITUDE IN WHICH AN
INDIVIDUAL TAKES ON RESPONSIBILITY,
SOLVES PROBLEMS, AND ESTABLISHES
GOALS.