This document summarizes a research study that examined the adjustment levels of school principals in relation to gender and locality. The study found that principals of boys schools had higher adjustment levels than principals of girls schools. It also found that principals of urban schools had significantly higher adjustment levels than principals of rural schools. The document provides background on the importance of principals in education systems and discusses the methodology and results of the study.
Schulz, joe a comparison of practical leadership skills nfeasj v34 v4 2016 William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
Schulz, joe a comparison of practical leadership skills nfeasj v34 v4 2016 William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
Selected Head Teachers Leadership Styles and Their Influence on Pupils Academ...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Kenya Government has invested resources on Free Primary Education in order to improve on the pupil’s academic performance. Despite the high investment in training school heads, the performance in Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) in many schools is still low especially in Tindiret Sub-County. This may be attributed to several influences of headteachers leadership styles among other factors. Poor academic performance in some schools has resulted to public outcry, protests by parents. This study investigated the extent to which selected headteachers’ leadership styles influences pupils’ academic performance. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 76 headteachers and 532 teachers in Tindiret Sub-County. Two-self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain data on headteachers’ and teachers’ perceptions on school leadership styles in relation to academic performance. Document analysis of KCPE results gathered information about the school KCPE performance from 2011 to 2014. The results of the study’s findings were that, the autocratic and laissez faire leadership styles had significant negative relationship with school performance in schools. Democratic and transformational leadership styles had significant positive relationship (p<0.05) with academic performance of schools. The study recommends that school head teachers to involve other stakeholders in decision making, they should involve teachers and pupils in setting school targets, they should hold regular meetings and champion the application of transformational leadership ideals.
This was a survey study aimed at finding out the perceptions of headteachers on the leadership styles of Junior High School (JHS) headteachers within the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality. The researchers selected 50 headteachers, purposively through census. A set of closed-ended questionnaire was used, and this comprised 67 items for the JHS headteacher respondents. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and demographic analysis. The study found, among other things, that autocratic, situational and transactional leadership styles were perceived to be the predominant leadership styles practiced by the JHS heads. The study recommended, among other things, that headteachers should practice transformational and democratic leadership styles, and that the Ghana Education Service, policy makers and other stakeholders of education should strengthen the leadership component within the JHS system for effective realization of school objectives. In this respect, appointment of headship in the school setting, especially at the JHS, ought to be made in consideration of professional leadership training, aside other requirements.
The Mediating Effect of Sense of Efficacy on the Relationship Between Instruc...charisseasoncion1
The primary objective of this study was to determine the role of teacher self-efficacy in mediating the
relationship between teachers' instructional practices and organizational commitment.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WOMEN TEACHERS IN RELATION TO T...American Research Thoughts
Abstract: Teachers have been increasingly presented with significant occupational health problems.
The psycho-social problem of teachers results from heavy work burden, heavy life pressure, and high
expectation from children’s parents, harassment about interpersonal relationship and the shortage of
their knowledge on psychological health. Positive environment is the basis for psycho-social health, so
creating a stress-free and harmonious environment comes first in order to maintain teac hers’ psychosocial problems. Descriptive survey method was used. The sample for the study was selected as 197
elementary women teachers working in government and private schools by using stratified random
sampling from the districts of Wokha, Kohima and Dimapur of Nagaland.
The results reveal that majority of the elementary school women teachers have average level of psychosocial problems and the elementary schools in Nagaland have controlled and familiar climate. There is
low disengagement, low alienation, moderate esprit, moderate intimacy, low psycho -physical
hindrance, moderate controls, moderate production emphasis and moderate humanized thrust. There
is no significant difference between school organisation climate and psycho -social problems of
elementary school women teachers working in government and private schools in Nagaland. It was
also found out that the women with very high psycho-social problems have high correlation with their
school organization climate.
The effect of teacher involvement in management on academic performance of pu...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between teacher involvement in management and performance of public secondary schools in Kakamega County. The study was conducted in Kakamega County using descriptive design. Questionnaireswas used to collect data. A total of 75 principals and 375 teachers were selected as respondents. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20 package. Both descriptive and inferential tools that include mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression were used in the study. The researcher found that teacher involvement in management of their institutions has a positive effect on the academic performance of such institutions and that there is need to develop and enhance trust between staff members and management. The study recommended that institutions establish and manage systems which vet entry behavior of new students in a bid to redeem their academic performance.
Empowering Teachers in Ghanaian Basic Schools: Prospects and ChallengesAJHSSR Journal
Whilst teacher empowerment is not new in literature, it appears that its practice is novel tomany head teachers of basic schools in Ghana. The study sought to investigate the prospects and challenges of teacher empowerment in Ghanaian Basic Schools. Using the convergent parallel design, a total of 282 teachers were randomly sampled from 32 basic schools in the Central Region of Ghana for the study. Whereas all 282 teachers answered the structured questionnaires, six (6) of them were further sampled to provide responses for the semi-structured interviews. The study revealed that the extent of teacher empowerment in the basic school is high. With regard to the prospects of teacher empowerment, the study established that teacher empowerment makes teachers more effective and helps to create the school‟s vision for students‟ success. The study further found that the main challenges facing teacher empowerment include: the hierarchical school structures, lack of trusts for teachers and favouritism from the part of head teachers. In view of the findings, the study recommended that head teachers of the basic schools should trust and respect teachers, support staff development and teachers‟ decisions. Additionally, head teachers of the basic schools should allocate adequate time for the development of collaborative relationships among teachers.
Emotional, social, educational adjustment of higher secondary school students...Arul Sekar J.M.
The present study aims to investigate whether there is any significant relationship between adjustment and academic
achievement of higher secondary school students. In this survey study, the investigators used a stratified random sampling
technique for selecting the sample from the population. The stratification was done on the basis of gender and locality of
students. The sample consists of 350 higher secondary school students from ten schools in Thanjavur District, TamilNadu,
India. The tools used for the present study were Adjustment Inventory developed by A.K.P. Sinha and R.P. Singh (2007) and
academic achievement constructed by the investigator. The statistical techniques used for analyzing the data for the
present study were Karl Pearson's product-moment coefficient of correlation. The finding shows that there is a significant
relationship between emotional, social, educational adjustment of higher secondary school students in relation to
academic achievement.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
Classroom Social Environment and School Performance in The Selected Secondary...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research investigated teachers' perceptions of the social environment in the classroom and
student performance in a sample of secondary schools in the Philippines' Municipality of Iba and Botolan,
Zambales, including Amungan National High School, San Agustin Integrated School, Jesus F. Magsaysay High
School, President Ramon Magsaysay State University-laboratory High School, Botolan National High School,
and Bancal Integrated School. One hundred fifty-five respondents were chosen at random, and the researcher
used the descriptive research design and questionnaire as the primary instruments to collect data. The school
received a "Very High" rating for promotion, retention, and cohort or survival rates but a "Very Low" rating for
failure and drop-out rates.There was a significant difference in the perception of the classroom social
environment as to classroom mastery goals, classroom performance goals, classroom social interaction,
classroom mutual respect, and classroom academic self-efficacy. There was a significant difference in the level
of school performance on student progress and development as to failure rate, drop-out rate, promotion rate,
retention rate, and cohort survival rate. There is a negligible relationship between the classroom social
environment and the school student progress and development level.Regarding classroom mastery goals,
classroom performance goals, classroom social interaction, classroom mutual respect, and classroom academic
self-efficacy, there was a significant difference in perception. Concerning the failure rate, drop-out rate,
promotion rate, retention rate, and cohort survival rate, there was a considerable variation in the level of school
performance. The social climate in the classroom has very little bearing on how well students are progressing
academically.
KEYWORDS: Social Environment, Failure Rate, Drop-Out Rate, Survival Rate, Classroom Mastery Goals,
Classroom Performance Goals, Classroom Social Interaction, Classroom Academic Self-Efficacy
Leading the Instructional Program and its effect on Academic Achievement of s...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between instructional program and academic achievement of students in national examinations in public secondary schools in Tinderet sub county Kenya. The objective of this study was: to determine the impact of leading the instructional program on the students’ academic achievement in national examinations. The study was guided by the effective schools model by Lezotte (2010), which states that an effective school is characterized by seven correlates namely: leading the instructional program, focus on school mission, safety and orderliness of schools, expectations for success, home-school relations, frequent monitoring of students progress and opportunity to learn for students. The researcher employed a survey design targeting all the 18 public secondary schools in Tinderet Sub County, all the 18 principals and the 225 teachers. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 10 schools for the study from the total 18 schools in the distinct. The sampled schools were stratified according to the academic performance for the last three years (2011-2013). All the principals of the sampled 10 schools took part in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select 90 teachers (9 teachers from each school selected). The sample size was 100 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data. The descriptive survey allowed the generation of both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Anova were used to make inferences. Qualitative data was put under themes consistent with the research objectives. The analyzed data was then presented in form of graphs, pie charts and tables for easy interpretation. Findings from the study showed that, majority of the principals indicated that they always led the instructional program. Majority of the teachers on the other hand indicated that, principals did not always engage in these leadership practices but did engage sometimes. Analysis of variance between principals' and teachers' responses on similar issues indicated that there was a significant difference in the manner teachers and principals were responding to questions. Findings on the effect of leadership practices on academic performance were consistent as the teachers and principals were in agreement that these leadership practices when applied had a positive effect on academic performance. Correlation test however revealed that the effect was weak as indicated by the correlation coefficients which were below 0.5. The study concluded that; leading the instructional program was not being implemented fully. The study recommended that; Implementation of leading the instructional program practices should be effected in schools by all principals. Various stakeholders that is teachers, students, Board of Management and princi
This was a survey study aimed at finding out the perceptions of headteachers on the leadership styles of Junior High School (JHS) headteachers within the Ejisu-Juaben Municipality. The researchers selected 50 headteachers, purposively through census. A set of closed-ended questionnaire was used, and this comprised 67 items for the JHS headteacher respondents. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and demographic analysis. The study found, among other things, that autocratic, situational and transactional leadership styles were perceived to be the predominant leadership styles practiced by the JHS heads. The study recommended, among other things, that headteachers should practice transformational and democratic leadership styles, and that the Ghana Education Service, policy makers and other stakeholders of education should strengthen the leadership component within the JHS system for effective realization of school objectives. In this respect, appointment of headship in the school setting, especially at the JHS, ought to be made in consideration of professional leadership training, aside other requirements.
The Mediating Effect of Sense of Efficacy on the Relationship Between Instruc...charisseasoncion1
The primary objective of this study was to determine the role of teacher self-efficacy in mediating the
relationship between teachers' instructional practices and organizational commitment.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WOMEN TEACHERS IN RELATION TO T...American Research Thoughts
Abstract: Teachers have been increasingly presented with significant occupational health problems.
The psycho-social problem of teachers results from heavy work burden, heavy life pressure, and high
expectation from children’s parents, harassment about interpersonal relationship and the shortage of
their knowledge on psychological health. Positive environment is the basis for psycho-social health, so
creating a stress-free and harmonious environment comes first in order to maintain teac hers’ psychosocial problems. Descriptive survey method was used. The sample for the study was selected as 197
elementary women teachers working in government and private schools by using stratified random
sampling from the districts of Wokha, Kohima and Dimapur of Nagaland.
The results reveal that majority of the elementary school women teachers have average level of psychosocial problems and the elementary schools in Nagaland have controlled and familiar climate. There is
low disengagement, low alienation, moderate esprit, moderate intimacy, low psycho -physical
hindrance, moderate controls, moderate production emphasis and moderate humanized thrust. There
is no significant difference between school organisation climate and psycho -social problems of
elementary school women teachers working in government and private schools in Nagaland. It was
also found out that the women with very high psycho-social problems have high correlation with their
school organization climate.
The effect of teacher involvement in management on academic performance of pu...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between teacher involvement in management and performance of public secondary schools in Kakamega County. The study was conducted in Kakamega County using descriptive design. Questionnaireswas used to collect data. A total of 75 principals and 375 teachers were selected as respondents. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) version 20 package. Both descriptive and inferential tools that include mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression were used in the study. The researcher found that teacher involvement in management of their institutions has a positive effect on the academic performance of such institutions and that there is need to develop and enhance trust between staff members and management. The study recommended that institutions establish and manage systems which vet entry behavior of new students in a bid to redeem their academic performance.
Empowering Teachers in Ghanaian Basic Schools: Prospects and ChallengesAJHSSR Journal
Whilst teacher empowerment is not new in literature, it appears that its practice is novel tomany head teachers of basic schools in Ghana. The study sought to investigate the prospects and challenges of teacher empowerment in Ghanaian Basic Schools. Using the convergent parallel design, a total of 282 teachers were randomly sampled from 32 basic schools in the Central Region of Ghana for the study. Whereas all 282 teachers answered the structured questionnaires, six (6) of them were further sampled to provide responses for the semi-structured interviews. The study revealed that the extent of teacher empowerment in the basic school is high. With regard to the prospects of teacher empowerment, the study established that teacher empowerment makes teachers more effective and helps to create the school‟s vision for students‟ success. The study further found that the main challenges facing teacher empowerment include: the hierarchical school structures, lack of trusts for teachers and favouritism from the part of head teachers. In view of the findings, the study recommended that head teachers of the basic schools should trust and respect teachers, support staff development and teachers‟ decisions. Additionally, head teachers of the basic schools should allocate adequate time for the development of collaborative relationships among teachers.
Emotional, social, educational adjustment of higher secondary school students...Arul Sekar J.M.
The present study aims to investigate whether there is any significant relationship between adjustment and academic
achievement of higher secondary school students. In this survey study, the investigators used a stratified random sampling
technique for selecting the sample from the population. The stratification was done on the basis of gender and locality of
students. The sample consists of 350 higher secondary school students from ten schools in Thanjavur District, TamilNadu,
India. The tools used for the present study were Adjustment Inventory developed by A.K.P. Sinha and R.P. Singh (2007) and
academic achievement constructed by the investigator. The statistical techniques used for analyzing the data for the
present study were Karl Pearson's product-moment coefficient of correlation. The finding shows that there is a significant
relationship between emotional, social, educational adjustment of higher secondary school students in relation to
academic achievement.
American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development is indexed, refereed and peer-reviewed journal, which is designed to publish research articles.
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
Classroom Social Environment and School Performance in The Selected Secondary...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research investigated teachers' perceptions of the social environment in the classroom and
student performance in a sample of secondary schools in the Philippines' Municipality of Iba and Botolan,
Zambales, including Amungan National High School, San Agustin Integrated School, Jesus F. Magsaysay High
School, President Ramon Magsaysay State University-laboratory High School, Botolan National High School,
and Bancal Integrated School. One hundred fifty-five respondents were chosen at random, and the researcher
used the descriptive research design and questionnaire as the primary instruments to collect data. The school
received a "Very High" rating for promotion, retention, and cohort or survival rates but a "Very Low" rating for
failure and drop-out rates.There was a significant difference in the perception of the classroom social
environment as to classroom mastery goals, classroom performance goals, classroom social interaction,
classroom mutual respect, and classroom academic self-efficacy. There was a significant difference in the level
of school performance on student progress and development as to failure rate, drop-out rate, promotion rate,
retention rate, and cohort survival rate. There is a negligible relationship between the classroom social
environment and the school student progress and development level.Regarding classroom mastery goals,
classroom performance goals, classroom social interaction, classroom mutual respect, and classroom academic
self-efficacy, there was a significant difference in perception. Concerning the failure rate, drop-out rate,
promotion rate, retention rate, and cohort survival rate, there was a considerable variation in the level of school
performance. The social climate in the classroom has very little bearing on how well students are progressing
academically.
KEYWORDS: Social Environment, Failure Rate, Drop-Out Rate, Survival Rate, Classroom Mastery Goals,
Classroom Performance Goals, Classroom Social Interaction, Classroom Academic Self-Efficacy
Leading the Instructional Program and its effect on Academic Achievement of s...inventionjournals
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between instructional program and academic achievement of students in national examinations in public secondary schools in Tinderet sub county Kenya. The objective of this study was: to determine the impact of leading the instructional program on the students’ academic achievement in national examinations. The study was guided by the effective schools model by Lezotte (2010), which states that an effective school is characterized by seven correlates namely: leading the instructional program, focus on school mission, safety and orderliness of schools, expectations for success, home-school relations, frequent monitoring of students progress and opportunity to learn for students. The researcher employed a survey design targeting all the 18 public secondary schools in Tinderet Sub County, all the 18 principals and the 225 teachers. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 10 schools for the study from the total 18 schools in the distinct. The sampled schools were stratified according to the academic performance for the last three years (2011-2013). All the principals of the sampled 10 schools took part in the study. Simple random sampling was used to select 90 teachers (9 teachers from each school selected). The sample size was 100 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data. The descriptive survey allowed the generation of both qualitative and quantitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using the descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Anova were used to make inferences. Qualitative data was put under themes consistent with the research objectives. The analyzed data was then presented in form of graphs, pie charts and tables for easy interpretation. Findings from the study showed that, majority of the principals indicated that they always led the instructional program. Majority of the teachers on the other hand indicated that, principals did not always engage in these leadership practices but did engage sometimes. Analysis of variance between principals' and teachers' responses on similar issues indicated that there was a significant difference in the manner teachers and principals were responding to questions. Findings on the effect of leadership practices on academic performance were consistent as the teachers and principals were in agreement that these leadership practices when applied had a positive effect on academic performance. Correlation test however revealed that the effect was weak as indicated by the correlation coefficients which were below 0.5. The study concluded that; leading the instructional program was not being implemented fully. The study recommended that; Implementation of leading the instructional program practices should be effected in schools by all principals. Various stakeholders that is teachers, students, Board of Management and princi
NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982 (www.nationalforum.com) is a group of national and international refereed journals. NFJ publishes articles on colleges, universities and schools; management, business and administration; academic scholarship, multicultural issues; schooling; special education; teaching and learning; counseling and addiction; alcohol and drugs; crime and criminology; disparities in health; risk behaviors; international issues; education; organizational theory and behavior; educational leadership and supervision; action and applied research; teacher education; race, gender, society; public school law; philosophy and history; psychology, sociology, and much more. Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief.
School effectiveness-and-improvement-contribution-of-teacher-qualification-to...oircjournals
School examination results the world over are arguably the most important measure of perceived success or failure of a candidate. It has been pointed out by the Nyanza Provincial Education Board that the province’s performance in examinations and the quality of education in general is unsatisfactory and inadequate.
Competitive Edge of the School Heads in Bulusan District AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:The study determined the competitive edge of the school heads in the Bulusan District relating
to their accomplishments, psychosocial attributes and personality, ICT skills, and research and innovation, their
competitive edge when grouped according to their profile, and identify the challenges encountered in
performing their duties and responsibilities. The researcher applied the quantitative method in this study. The 21
school heads in Bulusan District were selected using purposive sampling. The researcher used a questionnaire as
the main instrument in gathering data and unstructured interviews for the challenges met. Frequency count,
weighted mean, general weighted mean, and rank is used as a statistical tool to analyze the data. When the
competitive edge is grouped according to the profile, the psychosocial attributes and personality, and ICT skills
of school heads are highly competent based on age, sex, civil status, highest educational attainment, and length
of service. While in terms of accomplishment, it was observed that along the profiles, school heads are
moderately competent and in terms of research and innovation, school heads are less competent. In terms of
training, it is reflected that training attended by school heads was not related to achieving a competitive edge of
the school heads. The primary problems of the school heads are the problem in identifying one’s competence,
unequal access to training, lack of community support, funding issues, lack of confidence of school heads, and
difficulty in managing and facilitating teachers as beginner school heads. An action plan is proposed to address
the challenges met by school heads.
KEYWORDS :competitive edge, school heads, profile, challenges
Dr. Paul Watkins & Dr. Janet Moak - Published by NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS, Dr. William Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, Houston, Texas - www.nationalforum.com
INVOLVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION LEVEL ON REHABILITATION PROGRAM AMONG PERSONS DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY IN THE BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY, ALTA VISTA, ORMOC CITY: A BASIS FOR PROGRAM REVIEW AND ENHANCEMENT
Academic Achievement of Adolescents In Relation To Parental Encouragementiosrjce
This Study examines the Academic Achievement of Adolescence and Parental encouragement, the
encouragement support exerts most direct influence upon the acquisition of academic achievement. This study
explored the extent to which the parental encouragement has relation with academic achievement among school
students. Parents play a key role in shaping students achievement. Family factors such as parent’s level of
education, Parental expectations and parental support for their children seem to extent some influences on
adolescents academic achievement. Parents play an important role in educational motivation of their children.
They provide necessary facilities and educational environment which results is better performance in school.
Parents approve and appreciate activities related to education and remove any difficult felt by their wards. This
type of behavior of Parents is known as parental encouragement. In other wards parental encouragement
refers to the guidance, communication and interest shown by the parents to promote their wards progress in
school.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
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The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Adjustment level of principals in realtion to gender and locality
1. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 3, No 11, 2012
Adjustment Level of Principals in Realtion to Gender and Locality
Mohammad Zahid, Research Scholar, NIMS University, Jaipur (Raj.) India
Dr. Sandhya Gihar, Supervisor, NIMS University, Jaipur (Raj.) India
And Professor, Faculty of Education, Himgiri Zee University, Dehradun (U.K.) India
Abstract
In all systems of formal education, the Principal holds a key position. The success and effectiveness of the system
largely depends upon his performance. There are a lot of differences in rural and urban culture adjustment of the
boys & girls and their culture. The most potent single factor in education system is the principal and without taking
cognizance of this vital factor all schemes of reforming education and raising the standard will prove an idle and
deceptive as a dream. The success of school depends on his ability and skill as a sound and effective educational
leader. What the school is, and what it does, it determined largely by the intelligence, scholarship, imagination,
initiative, personality and social skill of the principal. The present study has been conducted to investigate the
adjustment level of principals in relation to gender, locality. Teacher Adjustment Inventory designed by Mangal
(1982) was used to collect the data. The results of the study revealed that the principals of boys schools had more
adjusted. Further, it was noted that urban schools were found significantly higher mean values.
1.Introduction
Education is an important factor in the development of industrialization and modernization. Various industries
have been established which unite the country but inspite of growth in industries, the country is still divided into
two parts-rural & urban. There is a lot of differences in rural and urban culture adjustment of the boys & girls and
their culture. Their education is also different in a lot of cases. Their study centers have different facilities for them.
So their educational interest are so different/. According to their climate the schools Principals also adjust their life
style.
In short, the progress of society and country depends upon the quality of its educational institutions and
educational programme and the most responsible person to effectively run the educational institutions and to try to
achieve the goals set before these institutions is principal. It is universally recognized that the principal holds a
very important position in the entire system of education and he is the principal means for the implementation of
educational programmers. The most potent single factor in education system is the principal and without taking
cognizance of this vital factor all schemes of reforming education and raising the standard will prove an idle and
deceptive as a dream.
There is ample evidence given by researchers and day to day observations also appear to justify, that principal
is an important element in the whole administrative process. His beliefs and values, thoughts and actions may be
said to determine the tone of the institution. His whole persona gives rise to certain reactions among the staff
members, and these ultimately are reflected in the teaching learning situation in the classroom. Heck (1992)
determined that strong principal leadership can result in improved student achievement, despite a variety of
environmental problems such as low socioeconomic status, diverse student backgrounds, and limited parental
participation in a student’s education. The success of school depends on his ability and skill as a sound and
effective educational leader. What the school is, and what it does, it determined largely by the intelligence,
scholarship, imagination, initiative, personality and social skill of the principal. Everything in the schools, the staff
and human relationship bear the impress of the personality of the principal and reflects his leadership. Effective
leadership was identified in those schools where the principal leads with collaboration (Green, 2007; Harris &
Lambert, 2003; Kanapel & Clements, 2005; Lambert, 2005; Sergiovanni, 2005; Spillane, 2005) and effectively
manages his or her programs (Donaldson, 2001; Kotter, 1990).
2.Objectives
• To find out the adjustment Level of principals of boys and girls schools.
• To know the adjustment level of principals of urban and rural locality.
3. Hypotheses
The following hypotheses were framed to study the problem meaningfully, and also to achieve the aforesaid
objectives:
• There is no significant difference between adjustment level of principals of boys and girls school.
• There is no significant difference between adjustment level of principals of urban and rural school.
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2. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 3, No 11, 2012
4. Methodology
The present study has been conducted on the secondary school principals of Ajamgarh ditrict of Uttar Pradesh state
of India. A random sample of 81 different schools principals has been selected for the present study. The
investigators had employed normative survey method in this study. Teacher Adjustment Inventory designed by
Mangal (1982) was used to collect the data. The data of present study had been subjected to descriptive and
differential analysis.
5. Data Analysis
The statistical measures of mean, S.D. and t test were employed to analyse the raw scores so obtained, test the
hypotheses and draw inferences.
Table – 1, shows that the calculated t-value 3.21 indicates a significant difference on the adjustment level of
girls school principals and boys schools principals at .01 level of significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis
(H01) is fully rejected. So it is clear that there is a significant difference between adjustment of the principals of
boys and girls schools. Table also indicates that boys’ schools principals had scored significantly higher mean
scores than girls schools principals. It is clear that boys’ schools principals are more adjustable than girls schools
principals.
At a glance of table-2, clearly shows that the mean scores of the urban schools principals were found
significantly higher than their rural schools counterparts mean scores. A strong variation was exist between both
groups of principals on adjustment inventory at .01 level of significance. It means locality is an effective variable
to determine the adjustment level of principals. So it is clear that that there is a significant difference between the
principals of urban and rural schools in respect to their level of adjustment. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H2) is
fully rejected.
6. Result & Discussion
The mean score of this study revealed that the boys school principals had scored higher mean values (52.56). There
is a wide disparity in the mean values of boys and girls schools principals. Therefore, the first hypothesis is
rejected. Boys’ schools principals had scored higher mean values; this is because of the following reason: Indian
society is a male dominated society. Boys are more notorious. For dealing this situation boys school’s principal
face more complex situation that’s why they have more adjustable tendency. On its contrary, Mato (1993),Gupta
(1998) and Gupta (2003) found that Girls schools principals are better administrator in comparison to boys’ school
principals. No sex difference was found in Nanda (2002) study.
While when data were analysed on the basis of their locality, urban schools principals had scored higher mean
values then rural school principals. Hence, the research hypothesis 2 was rejected and it was concluded that urban
school principals differ in their adjustment level from rural school principals. It is important for school principals
to plan strategically to address the adjustment and academic concerns that impact the educational needs of all
students (Montgomery, 2001).
The following suggestions will enhance the adjustment level of principals:
More weightage should be given to the personality traits of principals while selecting for job.
Seminars, workshops should be organized frequently for school principals.
Special motivation and encouragement should be given to the girls and rural schools principals.
Special capsule programme related to school administration should be conducted for school principals.
7. References
B.K. Mato (1999), Home Adjustment Pattern of Adolescent Boys & Girls at Various Levels of
Socio-Economic Status and General Intelligence, Journal or Educational Psychology, pp 361-441.
Donaldson, G.A. (2001). Cultivating leadership in schools: Connecting people, purpose,
and practice. New York: Teachers College Press.
Gupta, N.S. (1985). Organization theory and behaviour, Himalya Publishing House, Bombay, pp.
406-433.
Gupta Y.K. & Gupta, Neena (2003). Personality factor of successful principals of High schools in
relation to sex, organizational climate and school location in Moradabad Division, Indian Education
Review, Vol. XXII, No. 2, pp.. 117-124.
Green, R.L. (2007). New paradigms in school relationships: Collaboration to enhance student
achievement. Education. 121(4), 737-742.
Harris, A., & Lambert, L. (2003). Building leadership capacity for school improvement.
Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.
43
3. Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online)
Vol 3, No 11, 2012
Heck, R. (1992). Principal’s instructional leadership and school performance: Implications for policy
development. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis. 14(2). 21-34.
Kannapel, P.J., & Clements, S.K. (2005). Inside the black box of high performing, high poverty
schools: Pritchard Committee for Academic Excellence.
Kotter, J.P. (1990). A Force for change: How leadership di ers from management. New
York: The Free Press.
Lambert, L. (2005). What does leadership capacity really mean? Journal of Staff Development, 26(2),
38-40.
Montgomery, Joan Lucia (2001) "Selected school principals perceptions of adjustment and academic
concerns of highly mobile student populations: A comparative study of migrant student and military
mobile student populations" ETD Collection for Fayetteville State University. Paper AAI3027012.
http://digitalcommons.uncfsu.edu/dissertations/AAI3027012
Mato, B.K. (1999). Home Adjustment Pattern of Adolescent Boys & Girls at Various Levels of
Socio-Economic Status and General Intelligence, Journal of Educational Psychology, pp. 361-441.
Nanda, A. R. (2002), A study of the leadership behaviour of primary school headmasters of Cuttuk
city, M.Phil. Education, Utkal University, Fifth survey of educational research (1988-92).
Sergiovanni, T.J. (2005). Strengthening the heartbeat: Leading and learning together in schools. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Spillane, J.P. (2005). Distributed leadership. The Educational Forum, 69, 143-150.
Table – 1
S.N. Subject N Mean S.D. ‘t’ Value Significant
1. Girls School Principals 35 46.71 6.53 3.21 .01 level of
2. Boys School Principals 41 52.56 9.26 significance
Table – 2
S.N. Subject N Mean S.D. ‘t’ Value Significant
1. Urban School Principals 43 49.79 9.61 8.10 .01 level of
2. Rural School Principals 33 32.47 9.57 significance
44
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