4th grade science

2. WHAT IS ADAPTATION IN
PLANTS?
• ADAPTATION MEANS HAVING AN ABILITY TO ADJUST
AND ADOPT THE SURROUNDINGS TO SURVIVE THE
NATURAL HABITAT.
• PLANTS WHO CAN SURVIVE IN THEIR RESPECTIVE
SURROUNDINGS IS KNOWN AS ADAPTATION IN PLANTS.

3. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF
ADAPTATION IN PLANTS.
•ADAPTATION IN TERRESTRIAL AREA.
•ADAPTATION IN AQUATIC AREA.

4. WHAT IS ADAPTATION IN
TERRESTRIAL PLANTS?
•PLANTS THAT GROW ON LAND ARE
KNOWN AS TERRESTRIAL PLANTS.

5. ADAPTATION IN TERRESTRIAL
PLANTS.
• THERE ARE VARIOUS LANDS WHERE PLANTS GROW
THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS:-
• DESERT
• PLAINS
• HILLY AREAS
• MARSHY AREAS
• COASTAL AREAS

6. DESERT… (SAGUARO CACTUS)
• TEMPERATURE :- HOT, DRY, SANDY AND RECEIVE LESS RAINFALL
• EXAMPLES :-DATE PALM AND ACACIA.
• THE LEAVES ARE REDUCED TO THIN AND SHARP SPINES TO REDUCE
THE LOSS OF WATER.
• THE STEM IS MODIFIES TO STORE LARGE AMOUNT OF WATER.
• IT ALSO CONTAINS CHLOROPHYLL AND PERFORMS PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
• THE ROOTS OF THESE PLANTS ARE VERY DEEP IN THE SOIL SO THAT
THEY CAN ABSORB AS MUCH WATER AS THEY CAN DUE TO LESS OR
NO RAINFALL.

7. PLAINS…
•THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF
TREES GROW IN PLAIN.
THEY ARE :-
•EVERGREEN.
•DECIDUOUS.

8. PLAINS… (EVERGREEN)
• TEMPERATURE :- MODERATE NOT TOO
HOT IN SUMMER NEITHER TOO COLD IN
WINTER.
• TREES HAVE MANY BRANCHES AND
REMAIN GREEN THROUGHOUT THE YEAR.
• THESE TREES RECEIVE HEAVY RAINFALL.
• EXAMPLES :- MANGO AND BANYAN.

9. PLAINS… (DECIDUOUS)
• THEY SHED THEIR LEAVES IN
AUTUMN AND GET NEW LEAVES IN
SPRING.
• EXAMPLES :- PEEPAL AND GULMOHAR

10. MARSHY AREAS… (MANGROVE TREE)
• AREAS PRESENT NEAR SEA OR A RIVER ARE KNOWN
AS MARSHY AREAS.
• THE SOIL UNDER THE WATER HAVE LITTLE OR NO
AIR.
• SO THE ROOTS OF THESE PLANT GROW ABOVE THE
CLAYEY SOIL BECAUSE THEY DO NOT GET ENOUGH
AIR TO BREATHE UNDER WATER.
• THEY HAVE 2 TYPES OF ROOTS :- 1. STILT AND 2.
BREATHING
• STILT ROOTS PROVIDE SUPPORT TO THE PLANTS.
• BREATHING ROOTS HELPS IN BREATHING FRESH
AIR.

11. HILLY AREAS…
• TREES ARE TOTALLY DIFFERENT FROM
OTHERS TREES AND HAVE SPECIAL
FEATURES TO LIVE IN HILLY AREAS. THEY
USUALLY DO NOT HAVE FLOWERS BUT
CONE.
• THEY ARE TALL AND HAVE CONICAL SHAPE.
THIS SHAPE HELPS TO SLIDE THE SNOW
EASILY.
• THEY HAVE NEEDLE SHAPED LEAVES WITH
WAXY COATING TO PROTECT FROM COLD
AND STRONG WINDS.
• EXAMPLES :- CEDAR AND SPRUCE.

12. COASTAL AREAS… (COCONUT TREE)
• THEY RECEIVE HEAVY RAINFALL.
• THEY GROW IN SALT WATER AND HAVE HOT
AND WET CLIMATE.
• THEY HAVE MANY LEAVES AND DO NOT
SHED ALTOGETHER.
• EXAMPLES :- TEAK AND RUBBER TREE.

13. WHAT IS ADAPTION IN
AQUATIC PLANTS?
•PLANTS THAT GROW IN WATER
ARE KNOWN AS AQUATIC PLANTS.

14. TYPES OF AQUATIC
PLANTS
• THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF AQUATIC PLANTS.
• FIXED PLANT
• FLOATING PLANT
• UNDERWATER PLANT

15. FIXED PLANT…
• ITS ROOTS ARE FIXED AT BOTTOM OF POND.
• IT HAS A LONG AND HOLLOW STEM.
• DUE TO HOLLOW STEM THEY ARE FLEXIBLE AND LIGHT IN WATER.
• ITS GIANT LEAVES HELP THEM TO GET SUFFICIENT SUNLIGHT AND AIR.
• EXAMPLES:- LOTUS AND WATER LILY.

16. FLOATING PLANT…
• THE ROOTS OF THESE PLANTS ARE NOT FIXED IN
THE SOIL.
• THEY HAVE SPONGY STEMS SO THAT THEY CAN
FLOAT EASILY.
• EXAMPLES:- WATER HYACINTH AND WATER
LETTUCE.

17. UNDERWATER PLANT…
• THEY HAVE LONG AND FLEXIBLE STEM WHICH MOVE ALONG
WITH WATER.
• THE LEAVES OF THIS PLANT ARE THIN AND TINY.
• THEY DO NOT HAVE STOMATA.
• EXAMPLES:- HYDRILLA AND TAPE GRASS.