ACUTE APPENDICITIS.pptx
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This document summarizes acute appendicitis. It defines appendicitis as the inflammation of the appendix due to obstruction in the appendicular lumen. The presentation, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of appendicitis are discussed. Acute appendicitis is typically diagnosed clinically based on symptoms like abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant. Imaging may also be used to identify a dilated appendix. Treatment involves antibiotics and monitoring for mild cases, while surgery to remove the appendix (appendectomy) is indicated for more severe cases or if symptoms do not improve.
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Acute appendicitis in adults - Hoang Cuong HMU
Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain requiring emergency surgery. The appendix is located near the cecum but can be in retrocecal or pelvic positions, complicating diagnosis. Obstruction of the appendix is a key factor in pathogenesis as it leads to ischemia, necrosis, and inflammation. Classic symptoms include migrating pain starting around the umbilicus and later localized to the right lower quadrant, along with anorexia, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Physical exam may reveal tenderness at McBurney's point or other signs depending on appendix position. Laboratory tests typically show leukocytosis. Imaging like CT, ultrasound, or MRI can help in diagnosis by identifying an enlarged or fluid-
01.Acute appendicitis and chronic appendicitis.pdf
1. Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix that can range from mild to severe. It is most commonly caused by an obstruction in the appendix, often by a fecalith.
2. The symptoms of acute appendicitis include sudden onset of abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, vomiting, and low-grade fever. On examination, tenderness may be found at McBurney's point.
3. Diagnosis is usually made clinically but can be supported by blood tests, ultrasound, or CT scan. Treatment involves surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy) to prevent complications like perforation and peritonitis. Differential diagnoses include other abdominal conditions presenting with similar symptoms
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This document discusses acute appendicitis, including:
- It is a nonspecific bacterial inflammatory disease of the appendix that most commonly occurs in people aged 20-40.
- It is classified into different types including acute, suppurative, gangrenous.
- Risk factors include obstructive agents like foreign bodies or lymphoid hyperplasia, and infectious agents.
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This document summarizes information about appendicitis, including:
1. Acute appendicitis is a nonspecific bacterial inflammatory disease of the appendix that most commonly occurs between ages 20-40.
2. Appendicitis is classified into different types including acute, suppurative, gangrenous, and necrotizing forms.
3. Surgical treatment of appendicitis includes open appendectomy or laparoscopic surgery to remove the infected appendix. Postoperative complications can include bleeding, infection, and bowel obstruction.
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Acute appendicitis in adults - Hoang Cuong HMU
Acute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain requiring emergency surgery. The appendix is located near the cecum but can be in retrocecal or pelvic positions, complicating diagnosis. Obstruction of the appendix is a key factor in pathogenesis as it leads to ischemia, necrosis, and inflammation. Classic symptoms include migrating pain starting around the umbilicus and later localized to the right lower quadrant, along with anorexia, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Physical exam may reveal tenderness at McBurney's point or other signs depending on appendix position. Laboratory tests typically show leukocytosis. Imaging like CT, ultrasound, or MRI can help in diagnosis by identifying an enlarged or fluid-
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1. Acute appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix that can range from mild to severe. It is most commonly caused by an obstruction in the appendix, often by a fecalith.
2. The symptoms of acute appendicitis include sudden onset of abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, vomiting, and low-grade fever. On examination, tenderness may be found at McBurney's point.
3. Diagnosis is usually made clinically but can be supported by blood tests, ultrasound, or CT scan. Treatment involves surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy) to prevent complications like perforation and peritonitis. Differential diagnoses include other abdominal conditions presenting with similar symptoms
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- Acute appendicitis is a nonspecific bacterial inflammatory disease of the appendix that most commonly occurs between ages 20-40. It is the most common disease of the appendix.
- It is classified based on whether it is acute, suppurative, gangrenous. Surgical treatment involves an open or laparoscopic appendectomy to remove the infected appendix.
- Complications can include bleeding, abscesses, and bowel obstruction. All patients suspected of having acute appendicitis should be hospitalized for observation and laparoscopy may be used for diagnostic uncertainty.
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3. Investigations include blood tests, imaging like xray, CT and MRI to determine lesion type and severity.
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This document discusses acute appendicitis, including:
- It is a nonspecific bacterial inflammatory disease of the appendix that most commonly occurs in people aged 20-40.
- It is classified into different types including acute, suppurative, gangrenous.
- Risk factors include obstructive agents like foreign bodies or lymphoid hyperplasia, and infectious agents.
- Clinical diagnosis involves examination, symptoms like abdominal pain, and tests like blood work and ultrasound.
- Treatment is through open or laparoscopic appendectomy surgery.
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This document summarizes information about appendicitis, including:
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2. Appendicitis is classified into different types including acute, suppurative, gangrenous, and necrotizing forms.
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2. Infection is the main cause of both primary and secondary AEF, leading to local compression, ischemia and erosion of the aortic wall.
3. Clinical presentation of AEF includes gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, and a pulsatile abdominal mass. Diagnosis is made using CT scan, endoscopy or angiography.
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2) Evaluating prior images to understand if lesions are stable or changing over time, which can provide clues to underlying conditions like immunodeficiencies.
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- 1. UTH SURGERY DEPARTMENT BLUE FIRM PRESENTER:DR.GALATIYA SUPERVISOR:DR.CHIPALABWE
- 3. WHAT IS APPENDICITIS? ACUTE INFLAMMATION OF THE APPENDIX DUE TO AN OBSTRUCTION IN THE APPENDICLE LUMEN
- 4. AN APPENDIX IS A PART OF DIGESTIVE TRACT WHICH LIES IN THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRAT OF THE ABDOMEN,MEASURING ABOUT 2 to 20 CM.
- 5. SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE APPENDIX • -THE APPENDIX IS ATTACHED TO THE PART OF CONVERGENCE OF THE 3 TAENIA COLI OF THE CAECUM ON THE POSTERIOR WALL • -COMMONLY BEHIND THE CAECUM (RETROCAECAL) • -RARELY PRE-ILEAL • -POST ILEAL
- 7. CAUSES 1-OBSTRUCTIVE BODIES :THREAD WORMS,ROUND WORMS : FEACALITH ( MOST COMMON) :LYMPHOIDE HYPERPLASIA 2-INFECTIOUS CAUSES: CAUSING PRESSURE ON THE OBSTRUCTED AGENT LEADING TO EPITHEIAL EROSION AND BACTERIA GAINING ENTRY INTO THE WALL.
- 8. PATHOPYSIOLOGY 1-OBSTRUCTION IN THE APPENDICLE LUMEN | 2-BUILD UP OF MUCUS IN THE APPENDIX | 3-INCREASED APPENDICAL LUMEN PRESSURE | 4-REDUCED BLOOD FLOW AND O2 DELIVERY TO APPENDIX | 5-ULCERATION OF THE APPENDIX | 6-MICROBE INVASION | 7-INFLAMMATION AND SWELLING OF THE APPENDIX | 8-APPENDICITIS
- 9. CLINICAL PRESENTATION LOCAL TENDERNESS IS ELICITED AT McBURNEYS POINT PATIENT WILL LIE ON THE SIDE WITH KNEES FLEXED
- 10. SIGNS • 1-ROVSIN SIGN[palpate the llq and pain is felt in rlq] • 2-PSOAS AND OBTURATOR SIGN (pain on internal rotation of the thigh) • 3-DUNPHYS SIGN(pain in rlq when coughing) • 4-ILIOPSOAS SIGN (pain when extending the right hip) • 5-REBOUND TENDERNESS SYMPTOMS • 1-ABDOMINAL PAIN(starts from umbilicus to RLQ) • 2-FEVER • 3-CONSTIPATION • 4-NAUSEA AND VOMITING • 5-DIARRHEA
- 12. DIAGNOSIS Acute appendicitis is more of a clinical diagnosis,the following are supportive diagnostic measures 1-BASE LINES : FBC,U&ES, NOTE:INCREASE WBC MAYBE INCREASED LEUKOCYT AND NEUTROPHILS. 2-IMAGING:a) x-ray and ultrasound of abdomen (dilated appendix) b)CT SCAN:dilated appendix ,thick and enhancing wall of appendix 3-ALVARADO SCORE
- 14. APPENDICULAR MASS AN APPENDICEAL MASS IS AN INFLAMMATORY TUMOR CONSISTING OF THE INFLAMMED APPENDIX.
- 15. COMPONENTS OF THE MASS 1-APPENDIX 2-ADJACENT VISCERA 3-GEATER OMENTUM
- 16. TREATMENT Treatment can be none operative or operative management.
- 17. TREATMENT NON OP (OCHNER SHERREN REGIMEN) • IV FLUIDS • ANTIBIOTICS • MONITORING VITALS • NPO • Frequent abdominal ultrasound scans to monitor the size of the appendicular mas • In most patients mass would resolve with no complicatons
- 18. OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT surgery is indicated if size of the appendicular does not decrease in size.The intervention is called APPENDICECTOMY _the surgery is done under general or spinal anasthesia,with a low abdominal incision or by laparascopy.
- 19. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 1-Intestinal obstruction 2-Acute pancreatits 3-Acute cholecystitis 4-Perforated peptic ulcer IN CHILDREN 1-Intussusception 2-Urinary tract infection 3-Hernia IN WOMEN 1Pelvic inflammatory disease 2-urinary tract infection 3-Ectopic pregnancy 4-Twisted ovarian cyst
- 20. COMPLICATIONS 1-Peritonitis 2-Abscess formation on appendix 3-Peritonitis 4-Small bowel obstruction
- 21. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION