This document discusses Honeywell's Acumist waxes for use in rigid packaging coatings. It defines waxes and their properties. Acumist waxes are polyethylene waxes that can be tailored to have specific molecular weights, densities, crystallinities, and other properties to achieve desired performance characteristics like abrasion resistance and slip. The document provides guidelines for selecting the appropriate Acumist wax for an application and incorporating it into solvent-based or water-based coatings. It examines how the wax properties influence coating performance and how to optimize wax migration for defects-free films.

1. Honeywell Acumist Waxes
for
Rigid Packaging
EC- 2009.
George Socrates Leotsakos

2. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
AGENDA
• Wax landscape and Polyethylene ACumist waxes.
• Structural and physical properties of ACumists .
• Effects of ACumists physical properties on
coating’s performance.
• Selection guidelines for ACumist waxes.

3. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Definition of a Wax
The European wax federation defines a wax from the
listed below 4 or more characteristic properties. (
www.wax.org)
• solid at 20° C, varying in consistency from soft and plastic to brittle
and hard.
• have relatively low viscosity slightly above the melting point
• consistency and solubility are highly temperature dependant
• melt above ca. 40° C without decomposition
ACumist waxes are thermally stable below 280 0
C range

4. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Physical Properties of Waxes
Paraffin Microcrystalline Fisher-
Tropsch
Polyethylene Polypropylene
Properties
MW (Mn) 400 650 600 500-8,000 2,000-10000
Melt Point (C) 50 - 70 60 - 90 90 -105 80-140 140-150
Hardness-dmm 10 - 20 5 - 30 1 - 5 0.5 –5.00 <0.5
Viscosity (cps) ~ 5 cps ~ 5 ~ 10 ~20- 5,000 200-3000
% Crystallinity Low Low -Medium High Low-High High
Toughness or
Wax’s ability to
absorb work
Low Mod Mod High-V. High V. High
Solubility High High-Mod Mod Low-V. Low V.Low
ACumist PE waxes exhibit high density, toughness & hardness,
and are insoluble in commonly used solvents

5. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Polyethylene Property Relationships
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
0 4000 8000 12000 16000
Molecular Weight
Density
%crystallinity
-
-
-
- 20
40
60
80
Grease-
Like PE
Softer
PE
Wax
Harder
PE Wax PE
Plastic
Hardness
Melting Pt
Viscosity
Toughness
ACumist toughness increases with increasing molecular
weight, density & crystallinity
ACumist 1812
ACumist B
ACumist C

6. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Property Performance Relationship
Chemistry & Process
Composition
Molecular Weight
MW Distribution
Degree of Branching
Post Processing
-Polymer modification
-Size reduction
Physical Properties
Density
Crystallinity
Hardness
Melt Point
Viscosity
Hydrophobicity
Insolubility
Particle Morphology
-Average/Mean
-Distribution
-Top Size
-Shape
Product & Application
Performance
Toughness
Abrasion Resistance
Mar Resistance
Rub Resistance
Slip/Non-slip
Gloss (Matting) Control
Anti-Blocking/Offsetting
Ease of incorporation
Compatibility
Chemistry & Process
Composition
Molecular Weight
MW Distribution
Degree of Branching
Post Processing
-Polymer modification
-Size reduction
Physical Properties
Density
Crystallinity
Hardness
Melt Point
Viscosity
Hydrophobicity
Insolubility
Particle Morphology
-Average/Mean
-Distribution
-Top Size
-Shape
Product & Application
Performance
Toughness
Abrasion Resistance
Mar Resistance
Rub Resistance
Slip/Non-slip
Gloss (Matting) Control
Anti-Blocking/Offsetting
Ease of incorporation
Compatibility
Honeywell controls the molecular structure and processing of Acumists to
produce properties required to achieve application performance
Chemistry & Process
Composition
Molecular Weight
MW Distribution
Degree of Branching
Post Processing
-Polymer modification
-Size reduction
Physical Properties
Density
Crystallinity
Hardness
Melt Point
Viscosity
Hydrophobicity
Insolubility
Particle Morphology
-Average/Mean
-Distribution
-Top Size
-Shape
Product & Application
Performance
Toughness
Abrasion Resistance
Mar Resistance
Rub Resistance
Slip/Non-slip
Gloss (Matting) Control
Anti-Blocking/Offsetting
Ease of incorporation
Compatibility

7. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
ACumists for Can and Closure CoatingsACumists for Can and Closure Coatings
Product
Drop Point
(ASTM D-3954)
Hardness (dmm)
(ASTM D-5)
Density (g/cc)
(ASTM D-1505)
Particle Size
AVG MAX
(<99.9%)
SAP number
mg KOH/g
FDA 175.300 Features
ACumist B-6 126 °C < 0.5 0.96 6-7.5 µ 22 µ Nil yes Balance of properties &
cost
ACumist B-4 126 °C < 0.5 0.96 4-5 µ 15 µ Nil yes Lowest PS B for thin-
films
Acumist C-3 121°C 1.0 0.95 3.5-4.2 µ 13 µ Nil yes
Smallest PS
Best ALTEK slip
Polyethylene Homopolymer for solvent based coatings
Product
Drop Point
(ASTM D-3954)
Hardness
(dmm)
(ASTM D-5)
Density (g/cc)
(ASTM D-1505)
Particle Size
AVG MAX<99.9
FDA 175.300 Features
ACumist 1812 139 °C < 0.5 0.99 8-10 µ 24 µ 17-19 yes
Outstanding abrasion resistance
Cohesion to topcoats and polyolefin seals.
Low or non-foaming in water based systems
NEW !!!NEW !!!
HD Oxidized Polyethylene for solvent and water based coatings
PTFE modified Polyethylene for solvent based coatings
Product
Drop Point
(ASTM D-3954)
Hardness (dmm)
(ASTM D-5)
Density (g/cc)
(ASTM D-1505)
Particle Size
AVG MAX
(<99.9%)
SAP number
mg KOH/g
FDA 175.300 Features
ACumist 3105 B 126 °C < 0.5 0.98 6-7.5 µ 22 µ Nil yes Enhanced abrasion and
ALTEK slip
ACumist 3205 B 126 °C < 0.5 1.10 6-7.5 µ 22µ Nil yes Higher % PTFE than in
3105

8. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Wax behavior is oven temperature & coating chemistry dependent
Substrate
Thermoset Baked Coatings
Wax needs to be at the surface!
Wax Particle
Wax Bloom to surface best when
incompatible with coating
Substrate
Wet Coating Dry coatingbake

9. HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Particle Size Analysis by Laser Diffraction
D50
Mv
D99.9
ACumist waxes are produced with controlled top PS of D99.9

10. 0 HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
0.000
0.050
0.100
0.150
0.200
NO-WAX Acumist 1812 B-4 C-3 3105B
Altek COF
Slip performance of Acumists.
Tested in a 2 % Gold Epoxy Phenolic

11. 1 HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Solubility envelope of ACumist 1812
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Aromatic 150 (8.9) (130
C)Mineral Spirits (7.7)
1 - Decanol (8.6)(130C)
n - Butyl Acetate (7.7 (130C)
Ethyl Acetate (7.7)
MAK (7.9) (130C)
Xylene (9.8) (120C)
PMA (8.9)
Tetrachloroethylene (9.3) (120C)
MEK (7.8) MPK (7.7)(90C)
Acetone (7.6)
Dimethyl Formamide (8.5)
Acetic Acid (7.1)
n - Butanol (7.8)
Isopropyl Acohol (7.7)
Propyl Alcohol (7.8)
Propylene Carbonate (9.8)
Ethylene Glycol (8.3)
PM (7.8)
EE (7.9)
Propylene Glycol (8.2)
Methanol (7.4)
Diethylene Glycol (7.9)
Water (7.6)
Dipropylene Glycol (7.8)
Polarity
Hydrogen Bonding
Polymer:
ACumist 1812
Oxidized
High Density
Soluble
Polymer concentration 20%
Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)
Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)

12. 2 HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Solubility envelope of Acumist B
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Aromatic 150 (8.9) (110C)
Mineral Spirits (7.7) (120C)
1 - Decanol (8.6)(130C)
n - Butyl Acetate (7.7) (>130C)(> BP)
Ethyl Acetate (7.7)
MAK (7.9) (140C)
Xylene (9.8)(110C)
PMA (8.9)
Tetrachloroethylene (9.3) (110C)
MEK (7.8) MPK (7.7)
Acetone (7.6)
Dimethyl Formamide (8.5)
Acetic Acid (7.1)
n - Butanol (7.8)
Isopropyl Acohol (7.7)
Propyl Alcohol (7.8)
Propylene Carbonate (9.8)
Ethylene Glycol (8.3)
PM (7.8)
EE (7.9)
Propylene Glycol (8.2)
Methanol (7.4)
Diethylene Glycol (7.9)
Water (7.6)
Dipropylene Glycol (7.8)
Polarity
Hydrogen Bonding
Polymer:
ACumist B
Soluble
Polymer Concentration = 20%
Polyethylene
Homopolymer
Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)
Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)

13. 3 HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
Solubility envelope of Acumist C
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Aromatic 150 (8.9) (110C)
Mineral Spirits (7.7) (120C)
1 - Decanol (8.6) (130C)
n - Butyl Acetate (7.7) (130C)
Ethyl Acetate (7.7)
MAK (7.9) (100C)
Xylene (9.8) (100C)
PMA (8.9)
Tetrachloroethylene (9.3) (100C)
MEK (7.8)
MPK (7.7)
Acetone (7.6)
Dimethyl Formamide (8.5)
Acetic Acid (7.1)
n - Butanol (7.8)
Isopropyl Acohol (7.7)
Propyl Alcohol (7.8)
Propylene Carbonate (9.8)
Ethylene Glycol (8.3)
PM (7.8)
EE (7.9)
Propylene Glycol (8.2)
Methanol (7.4)
Diethylene Glycol (7.9)
Water (7.6)
Dipropylene Glycol (7.8)
Polarity
Hydrogen Bonding
Polymer:
ACumist C
Soluble
Polymer Concentration = 20%
Polyethylene
Homopolymer
Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)
Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether (7.8)

14. 4 HONEYWELL - CONFIDENTIAL File Number
• Honeywell Tailors ACumists to Formulators’ Requirements
Selection and incorporation guidelines for ACumist waxes.
• Wax Physical properties to achieve end film mechanical performance
required.
• Particle size to match the wet film thickness to achieve defect free
film.
• Preferably pre-disperse in aromatic solvent prior to addition to batch.
• OR post add Acumist powder slowly under agitation at the Vortex.
• In pigmented coatings add Acumist after the pigment grind has been
achieved.
• To maximize wax migration to surface, the tail solvent should be a
non-solvent.
• Avoid excessive coating filtration. Do not filter out the Acumist!

15. Thank you
George thanks you too.
E-mail george.leotsakos@honeywell.com
Tel:
001-973-455-2401