The document discusses NRF-2, a negative regulator of oxidative stress and inflammation. It travels to the nucleus and binds antioxidant elements, decreasing inflammatory cytokine levels. The study aimed to determine if inhibiting oxidative stress could control HIV replication and improve cell survival. Methods used included PCR, ELISA, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. The conclusions were that these molecular biology techniques helped understand NRF-2's importance, and that NRF-2 activation promotes macrophage survival after HIV infection, aiding patient diagnosis.

1. Juan Pablo Velásquez Cano
UPB
2023

2. NRF-2
(NRF2) is an important negative regulator of oxidative stress and
inflammation
It goes into the nucleus and binds antioxidant elements
it decreases inflammatory cytokine level
NRF 2 old pathway
NRF 2 new pathway
Inhibit HIV inffection in macrophages, but not in T cells (sulforaphane)
Methyl bardoxolone

3. APOPTOSIS
Programmed cell death
Monocytes can be sencible to inflammation and abnormal oxidative
stress
Inflamation leads to increased levels of reactive oxygen species

4. OBJETIVE
OF THE
STUDY
"The present study aimed to determine
whether inhibition of oxidative stress could
control HIV replication and improve cell
survival.

5. METHODS
PCR
1 2
ELISA
It is used in the early stages of
DNA processing for
sequencing, to identify the
existence or absence of a gene
to help detect pathogens
throughout infection.
This immunological is used
to identify and quantify
substances, integrated
antibodies, antigens,
proteins, glycoproteins and
hormones.

6. METHODS
4
FLOW CYTOMETRY
It allows to evaluate the
reaction between an antigen
and an antibody. It is based on
the membrane receptors that
cells have.
3
WESTERN BLOTTING
The Western Blot is a
laboratory technique used to
identify a specific protein in a
blood or tissue sample. The
procedure involves the use of gel
electrophoresis to split the
proteins in the sample.

7. RESULTS

8. RESULTS

9. DISCUSSION
Author
"Normally, NRF2 is present in the
cytoplasm and is degraded by Keap1-
induced ubiquitination. Following abnormal
oxidative stress, NRF2 responds quickly
and migrates to the nucleus"
Content
KOOSTRA
BAIRD
"Blocking viral replication and controlling
aberrant inflammation and apoptosis in
macrophages is considered crucial to
controlling AIDS after HIV infection "
MAURICE
"Macrophage infection could have long-
lasting adverse consequences for several
tissue-specific diseases, including AIDS-
related liver disease"

10. CONCLUSIONS
The techniques that molecular biology has implememented such as PCR, ELISA,
Western blotting, and Flow cytometry had been useful, due to the fact, that it has
helped to know the importance of the NRF-2 factor.
The NRF-2 activation promotes the survival of the macrophages after they have
been infected with the HIV virus, meaning that it will help with the diagnosis of the
patient that have been compromised with the disease