Absurdist theatre and existentialism
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The document discusses the Theatre of the Absurd genre coined by Martin Esslin to describe plays conveying anxiety, confusion and hopelessness in reaction to an unpredictable and absurd universe. Key factors influencing this genre were the atrocities of WWII and existentialist questions about the meaning of life. Major playwrights of this genre include Samuel Beckett, Eugene Ionesco, Tom Stoppard, Harold Pinter, and Edward Albee, whose plays commonly explore themes of meaningless human actions, communication failure, and feelings of alienation.
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4. Thought: the ideas that underlie the plot of the drama, expressed in terms of dialogue and soliloquy
5. Spectacle: the places of the action, the costumes, set designs, and visual elements in the play
6. Music: in Greek drama, the dialogue was sometimes sung or chanted by a chorus, and often this music was of considerable emotional importance; in modern drama, music is rarely used in serious plays, but it is of first importance in the musical theater
Aristotle conceived his theories in the great age of Greek tragedy, and therefore much of what he has to say applies to tragedies by such dramatists as Aeschylus (ca. 525–456 BCE), especially his trilogy, Agamemnon, The Libation Bearers, and The Eumenides. Sophocles (ca. 496–406 B.
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This document provides biographical information about British playwright Harold Pinter and discusses some key elements of his plays that characterize the Theatre of the Absurd movement. It notes that Pinter was born in 1930, won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2005, and some of his most famous works include The Birthday Party and Betrayal. It then explains characteristics of the Theatre of the Absurd like existential themes, lack of logical plot structures, and use of comedy and menace to create a sense of the absurd. Specific techniques used in Pinter's plays like fragmentation, ambiguity, and hopelessness in characters are also summarized.
Birthday parter as an absurd theatre
Harold Pinter's play The Birthday Party focuses on themes of absurdity and existentialism. The characters experience hopelessness and fragmentation in their lives, with constant fear and menace looming. Dialogue between characters like Meg and Stanley features broad comedy but also a frightening and menacing effect. Ambiguity and mystery pervade the play, particularly around Stanley's mysterious past. Interrogation scenes intensify the characters' sense of dread and angst without purpose or meaning in their existence.
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Pre waiting for godot
1. The document discusses Samuel Beckett's play "Waiting for Godot" and whether its essence can be summarized as "Nothing happens, nobody comes, nobody goes, it's awful."
2. "Waiting for Godot" is Beckett's most famous play about two characters, Estragon and Vladimir, who wait under a tree for someone named Godot who never arrives.
3. The play explores themes of existentialism and nothingness through the characters' repetitive actions and conversations where nothing seems to happen or change.
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This document provides an overview of the Theatre of the Absurd genre and analyzes Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot through this lens. Some key points:
- The genre originated in the 1950s-60s and was coined by Martin Esslin to describe plays presenting an absurdist view of human existence as meaningless.
- Absurdist plays like Waiting for Godot lack traditional plot structures and have nonsensical, repetitive dialogue and cyclical actions without resolution. They reflect the absurdity and alienation of post-WWII society.
- Godot in particular examines themes of meaningless, nothingness, isolation, and the futility of human existence through Vladimir and Estragon's endless waiting for
Theatre of the absurd
This document provides an overview of the Theatre of the Absurd. It discusses how a play by Samuel Beckett called "Waiting for Godot" was immediately understood by an audience of convicts at San Quentin Penitentiary, despite confusing more sophisticated audiences. The document contrasts the Theatre of the Absurd with more conventional plays, noting that Absurdist plays pursue different ends through different methods than traditional plays. It discusses how Absurdist plays reflect the preoccupations and anxieties of their time through abandoning rational devices and discursive thought in favor of achieving unity between form and content.
11.theatre of the absurd
This document provides an overview of the Theatre of the Absurd. It discusses how a play by Samuel Beckett called "Waiting for Godot" was immediately understood by an audience of convicts at San Quentin Penitentiary, despite confusing more sophisticated audiences. The document contrasts the Theatre of the Absurd with more conventional plays, noting that Absurdist plays pursue different ends through different methods than traditional plays. It discusses how Absurdist plays reflect the preoccupations and anxieties of their time through abandoning rational devices and discursive thought in favor of achieving unity between assumptions and form of expression.
comparision between waiting for godot and swamp dwellers
The document compares the plays "The Swamp Dwellers" and "Waiting for Godot". Both plays are examples of Theatre of the Absurd, characterized by meaningless plots, stereotypical characters, and lack of resolution. In both plays, characters wait endlessly for figures that never arrive - Awuchike in "The Swamp Dwellers" and Godot in "Waiting for Godot". While the setting remains static, the plays depict the meaningless and purposeless nature of human existence through their absurd and nonsensical elements.
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Absurdist theatre and existentialism
- 2. The term (now genre)Theatre of the Absurd was coined by critic Martin Esslin to bring attention to a group of playwrights whose plays conveyed a common sense of anxiety, confusion and hopelessness in reaction to an unexplainable, unpredictable and absurd universe.
- 3. Two major contributing factors to this genre were the atrocities of World War II and the philosophical questions regarding the meaning of life raised by Existentialists.
- 4. Within the word existentialism is the word exist. We are thrown into existence without a choice.
- 5. However, once we exist, we have the freedom to choose how to exist. We have the freedom to choose to create meaningful, valuable lives.
- 6. With that freedom of choice,comes anxiety and fear. Anxiety that we may make the “WRONG”choices! Fear that we may die before we find meaning in our lives!
- 7. Mere existence has no purpose. Despite the fear and anxiety, we can choose our purpose and define it. Ultimately, we decide if our lives have value.
- 8. Perhaps the best-know existentialist, Jean-Paul Sartre’s works included essays, novels and plays such as No Exit.
- 9. Albert Camus, wrote The Myth of Sisyphus, among other works with existential themes. Using the Greek myth to show the futility of existence, Sisyphus is eternally condemned to roll a rock up a hill and every time he reaches the top, the rock rolls back down and he has to start over. Existence seems pointless, but perhaps Sisyphus finds purpose and meaning in his eternal task by never giving up and continuing to push the rock up every time it rolls back down.
- 10. The father of Theatre of the Absurd Samuel Beckett wrote, among others,Waiting for Godot, Happy Days, and Act Without Words, I
- 11. Eugene Ionesco’s plays include The Leader , The Rhinoceros, The Bald Soprano, Macbett, The Killing Game, and The Chairs.
- 12. Tom Stoppard wrote, among others, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, The Real Thing, Jumpers, and he co-wrote the screenplay for Shakespeare in Love.
- 13. Harold Pinter’s plays include The Room, The Birthday Party, The Homecoming, and Betrayal.
- 14. Edward Albee’s plays include The Zoo Story, Sandbox, Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf, and Seascape.
- 15. Sam Shepard’s many plays include A Lie of the Mind, Fool for Love and his Pulitzer Prize play Buried Child.
- 16. Sam Shepard is also a respected actor and director. He’s acted in 39 films including Black Hawk Down, The Right Stuff, Crimes of the Heart, and Steel Magnolias.
- 17. Thornton Wilder, known for writing Our Town also wrote the absurdist play The Skin of Our Teeth.
- 18. Christopher Durang’s many plays include Death Comes to Us All, Mary Agnes, ‘dentity Crisis, The Actor’s Nightmare, Baby and the Bathwater, and The Marriage of Bette and Boo.
- 19. The plays of these and other Absurdist playwrights have common themes including the uselessness of human actions, the failure of human communication, an illogical universe (from fascist governments to dysfunctional families), collective unconsciousness, menacing forces, and feelings of alienation and hopelessness.
- 20. However most plays of this genre are considered to be in the tradition of tragicomedy. We laugh at and identify with many of the characters struggling, as we do, to make sense of our lives and the world.