With the credit card has gradually entered into our life, the credit card market competition is
becoming increasingly fierce; every bank targets college students market. However, many problems arise
because of the facts that college students have no stable source of income and they lack credit consciousness.
Then banks stopped issuing cards to college students, giving up the huge market of college students who have
good qualities, great potential and can accept new things quickly. Based on this situation
A Study On Customer Perception Towards Internet Banking In Kadi Area Bhavik Parmar
This document summarizes a study on customer perception of internet banking in Kadi, India. The study collected data through questionnaires from 150 respondents, including both internet banking users and non-users. Key findings include: (1) 43% of respondents use internet banking, while 57% do not; (2) the most preferred method for transactions is cash, followed by checks and debit/credit cards, with internet banking least preferred; (3) convenience is the most important reason for opening an internet banking account. The study uses statistical analysis like chi-square to understand the relationship between internet banking usage and demographic factors.
This document provides background information and outlines the scope of a research study on the impact of credit card payment methods among customers of music stores in SM City Cebu, Philippines. The study aims to determine the level of impact and convenience of using credit cards, as well as customers' purchasing behaviors and motivations. It will survey over 50 customers from two music retail stores, Audiophile and Perfect Pitch, located in SM City Cebu. The results of the study could help small and medium businesses determine whether investing in credit card processing equipment would be beneficial as a marketing tool. The document defines key terms and outlines the research problem, significance, scope and limitations of the study.
A Study On Customer’s Perception And Satisfaction Towards Electronic Banking ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document provides an outline for a research proposal on the future of e-shopping in Bangladesh. It includes the research title, team members, supervisor information, executive summary, objectives, conceptual framework, literature review, importance and rationale, scope, and proposed methodology. The research aims to analyze consumer attitudes and motivation factors regarding e-shopping in Bangladesh, identify barriers and future growth opportunities in the sector. The methodology will involve collecting both primary and secondary data through surveys of 500 university students and general consumers.
Customer perception towards banking servicesPriyank Thada
This document provides an overview of a dissertation project submitted by Priyank Thada for partial fulfillment of a BBA degree. It includes a certificate from the faculty guide, Dr. Nilesh Pandya, acknowledging supervision of the project titled "CUSTOMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS BANKING SERVICES". The document also includes a declaration by Priyank Thada and acknowledgments. It then provides an executive summary of the dissertation and a table of contents outlining the various sections of the project.
This document summarizes a research paper on perceptions of UK customers toward internet banking. The paper was published in the Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce in April 2015. It conducted a study using a sample of 100 UK banking customers to evaluate perceptions on dimensions like security, privacy, convenience and time savings. The study found that customers generally perceive internet banking as reliable and secure, though some older respondents were less comfortable with it and had higher security concerns. The research aims to provide implications for attracting more online customers by enhancing security and privacy measures.
A study on customer satisfaction towards debit card services provided by pri...Dr. Linda Mary Simon
1) The document is a research paper on customer satisfaction with debit card services provided by private sector banks in Coimbatore City, India.
2) It provides background on debit cards and private sector banks in India. The research aims to study awareness and use of debit cards, and measure customer satisfaction with private bank services.
3) The paper presents results of a survey of 150 debit card customers, finding that most are male, aged 30-40, postgraduates, employees earning Rs. 75,000-100,000 annually who hold cards for convenience and use them often within cities.
A Study On Customer Perception Towards Internet Banking In Kadi Area Bhavik Parmar
This document summarizes a study on customer perception of internet banking in Kadi, India. The study collected data through questionnaires from 150 respondents, including both internet banking users and non-users. Key findings include: (1) 43% of respondents use internet banking, while 57% do not; (2) the most preferred method for transactions is cash, followed by checks and debit/credit cards, with internet banking least preferred; (3) convenience is the most important reason for opening an internet banking account. The study uses statistical analysis like chi-square to understand the relationship between internet banking usage and demographic factors.
This document provides background information and outlines the scope of a research study on the impact of credit card payment methods among customers of music stores in SM City Cebu, Philippines. The study aims to determine the level of impact and convenience of using credit cards, as well as customers' purchasing behaviors and motivations. It will survey over 50 customers from two music retail stores, Audiophile and Perfect Pitch, located in SM City Cebu. The results of the study could help small and medium businesses determine whether investing in credit card processing equipment would be beneficial as a marketing tool. The document defines key terms and outlines the research problem, significance, scope and limitations of the study.
A Study On Customer’s Perception And Satisfaction Towards Electronic Banking ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document provides an outline for a research proposal on the future of e-shopping in Bangladesh. It includes the research title, team members, supervisor information, executive summary, objectives, conceptual framework, literature review, importance and rationale, scope, and proposed methodology. The research aims to analyze consumer attitudes and motivation factors regarding e-shopping in Bangladesh, identify barriers and future growth opportunities in the sector. The methodology will involve collecting both primary and secondary data through surveys of 500 university students and general consumers.
Customer perception towards banking servicesPriyank Thada
This document provides an overview of a dissertation project submitted by Priyank Thada for partial fulfillment of a BBA degree. It includes a certificate from the faculty guide, Dr. Nilesh Pandya, acknowledging supervision of the project titled "CUSTOMER PERCEPTION TOWARDS BANKING SERVICES". The document also includes a declaration by Priyank Thada and acknowledgments. It then provides an executive summary of the dissertation and a table of contents outlining the various sections of the project.
This document summarizes a research paper on perceptions of UK customers toward internet banking. The paper was published in the Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce in April 2015. It conducted a study using a sample of 100 UK banking customers to evaluate perceptions on dimensions like security, privacy, convenience and time savings. The study found that customers generally perceive internet banking as reliable and secure, though some older respondents were less comfortable with it and had higher security concerns. The research aims to provide implications for attracting more online customers by enhancing security and privacy measures.
A study on customer satisfaction towards debit card services provided by pri...Dr. Linda Mary Simon
1) The document is a research paper on customer satisfaction with debit card services provided by private sector banks in Coimbatore City, India.
2) It provides background on debit cards and private sector banks in India. The research aims to study awareness and use of debit cards, and measure customer satisfaction with private bank services.
3) The paper presents results of a survey of 150 debit card customers, finding that most are male, aged 30-40, postgraduates, employees earning Rs. 75,000-100,000 annually who hold cards for convenience and use them often within cities.
This document provides a marketing plan for a new banking program called "Your New Piggy Bank" aimed at college students. It includes an executive summary, company and competitive analyses of Huntington Bank, descriptions of the target audiences of college students and their parents, goals and objectives for the program, and strategies and tactics that will be used. The program will guide students through three stages of money management and offer services like loans, credit cards, and a mobile app advisor. The marketing campaign will promote the program through various media like billboards, print ads, radio/TV spots, and events using the tagline "Welcome to your new piggy bank."
THE STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BUYING OF MOBILE HANDSETS WITH REFERENCE...Udit Das
This document provides a literature review on factors influencing the buying of mobile handsets. Several studies have found that physical attributes, price, features, brand name, durability, and recommendations from friends are important factors. Previous research also found that price and features are the most important decision factors. Younger consumers are influenced by social factors as well. The current study aims to identify the key factors influencing mobile phone purchases in Jagdalpur and Raipur City, India.
What Next ? - The future of higher EducationMahavir Pati
This presentation explores the future trends in Education, The skills that will be important in Future and some revolutionary and cutting edge developments in the Domain of Higher Education
Customers Satisfaction on the Retail Banking Sector in Bangladesh: A Case Stu...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This document analyzes customer satisfaction with retail banking services at City Bank Limited in Bangladesh. It conducts a case study through a survey of 50 City Bank customers to measure their expectations and satisfaction levels. The survey finds that customers are generally satisfied with reliability but less satisfied with accessibility, fees, and ATM services. To improve satisfaction, the bank should focus on expanding its branch network, simplifying the account opening process, improving ATM availability and reducing transaction fees. The study aims to help City Bank enhance its customer service and better meet customer needs.
customer perception towards internet banking final reportjay prakash tyagi
The document discusses customer perception towards internet banking. It first defines internet banking as conducting banking transactions electronically from any location via the internet. It then discusses how banks offer internet banking and the benefits it provides customers in terms of convenience and reduced time and costs. The objectives of the study are then outlined as understanding the factors influencing customer perception, designing a measure to evaluate perception, and suggesting implications for banks.
This document provides an outline for a research study on analyzing the effects of consumer risk perception on purchasing banking services through the internet. It includes an introduction on banking and online banking, the need for internet banking in India, and discusses various dimensions of risk perceived by consumers. The objectives are to understand the impact of risk perception and determine differences between users and non-users of internet banking. A literature review is presented on previous studies related to online banking quality, risk perception, and factors influencing internet banking usage. The methodology discusses using descriptive and exploratory research approaches through surveys and secondary data collection.
The marketing plan aims to increase usage of the RamCard Plus, a debit card linked to student IDs at Colorado State University (CSU) and offered through a partnership with First National Bank. The plan targets incoming CSU freshmen and their parents. Goals are to acquire 25% of incoming freshmen and 1,000 current students annually, for a total of 2,000 new accounts in the first year. Tactics include highlighting a new 5% cash back incentive on campus purchases, which will automatically be deposited into a linked savings account. Communicating incentives and financial education benefits more clearly during orientation and via marketing to students and parents upon CSU acceptance are also emphasized. The goal is to attract young customers to establish long-
Effect of Digital Banking on Customer Satisfaction: A case of National Bank o...paperpublications3
Abstract: This study purposed to investigate the effect of digital banking on customer satisfaction case of National Bank of Kenya. The objective that guided the study: To determine the effect of speed of transactions on Customer Satisfaction case of National Bank of Kenya, Bungoma County. The target population for the study was bank customers and banking staff from National Bank in Bungoma County. The study utilized a sample size of 417. Descriptive survey design was undertaken and data was collected using a triangulation of methods including questionnaires, interview schedules and document reviews. Analysis was undertaken with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences where both descriptive and correlation analysis were performed. The findings of the study established that there was a significant relationship between speed of transaction and customers satisfaction, χ2 (6, N=350) = 221.45. The study recommends that there is need by banks to invest more on robust reliable systems to reduce incidents of failed transactions and transactional errors in ATMs.
Customers’ Satisfaction on E Banking Services in Indian Banking Sectorsijtsrd
Internet Banking is about using the infrastructure for digital age to create opportunities, both in local and global market. The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of service quality factors of Internet Banking on customer satisfaction in Indore district. Banks play a major role in all the economic and financial activities in modern society E banking is the application of electronic means in interaction between bankers and customer, and bankers and businesses, as well as in internal banking operations, to simplify and progress the banking services. Today, approximately all banks have adopted ICT as a mean of improving the service quality of banking servicesThis paper examines the customer satisfaction on the Electronic Banking Services of Public Sector and Private Sector Banks in Indore district. The sample size of the study is 80 the data is gathered from the primary information. For the purpose of analysis, the customer’s satisfaction in both banks has been assessed in seven dimensions based on the suggestions. Reliability, Accessibility, User friendliness, Privacy Security, Efficiency, Responsiveness and Fulfilment. ANOVA test were applied to test the hypotheses. Dr. Kamaljeet Bhatia "Customers’ Satisfaction on E-Banking Services in Indian Banking Sectors" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45231.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45231/customers’-satisfaction-on-ebanking-services-in-indian-banking-sectors/dr-kamaljeet-bhatia
1) The Indian banking sector has remained resilient despite global economic challenges, with growing balance sheets, higher credit expansion, and profitability on par with developed markets. Stress tests also show that Indian banks can withstand significant shocks.
2) A survey found that most respondents believed the Indian banking industry was in very good to excellent shape and outperformed other sectors of the Indian economy. However, respondents also felt that Indian banks need to further advance their technology to compete globally.
3) Competition in the Indian banking industry has increased with liberalization, as new public and private sector banks and foreign banks have entered the market. Banks are focusing on new products and improved customer service to gain customers and market share.
Determinants of attitude of customers towards usage of islamic credit card a ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examined factors influencing the attitude of graduate students toward using Islamic credit cards. It used a model called the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and incorporated additional factors of trust, financial cost, and knowledge of Islamic credit cards. A survey was conducted of postgraduate students at Kolej Universiti Insaniah in Kedah, Malaysia to determine how perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, financial cost, and knowledge influence attitudes toward using Islamic credit cards. Previous literature found that demographic factors and financial knowledge influence conventional credit card usage. However, few studies examined determinants of attitudes specifically toward Islamic credit cards.
A Study on Role of Technology in Banking Sectorijtsrd
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between new technology implementation in banking sector and customers How they are aware about the technologies and how they are using it Data for this study was collected from the customers of various Banking Sectors under the Reserve Bank of India A simple percentage analysis and pie chart will be done According to questioners 30 samples are collected and interpretations are given Findings suggest that most of the customers of bank using ATM facility So the banks need to give awareness about the E-banking services Lastly, the paper is of few papers that focus on technology development in banking industry Aswin Raj. T | Mr. Bala Nageshwara Rao "A Study on Role of Technology in Banking Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18357.pdf
Customers' Satisfaction in ATM Service - Empirical Evidence from the Leading ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Service offering channels in banking sector has emerged on scene with a variety of forms such as internet banking, mobile banking, and ATM. Mature competition and global finance system have forced to investigate the significance of customer satisfaction. This study was set to assess customers’ satisfaction in ATM service by taking the case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), which is the leading bank in the country, using SERVPERF model. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 385 valid respondents who are customers of CBE, using convenient sampling technique. Data were analysed using SPSS - frequencies and percentages, mean scores, Cronbach alpha, Pearson’s linear correlation and regression analysis. The study was based on the three research objectives: (a) to measure whether ATM service quality corresponds to each dimensions of SERVPERF (b) to analyze the customer satisfaction on ATM service quality, and c) to investigate the level of customer satisfaction. The findings revealed that all the service quality dimensions are significantly and positively associated with the overall customer satisfaction. Besides, Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Empathy and Assurance are highlighted as significant predictors and key factors in determining the customer satisfaction. But Assurance was found as the most influential predictor of customer satisfaction. The researchers recommend that in order to ensure customer satisfaction improving the performance on all the dimensions of (ATM) service quality is imperative.
This document is a project report submitted by S. Prarthana to the Faculty of Management Studies at Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering in partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The project report studies customer awareness of internet banking services provided by Dena Bank's T.Nagar branch in Chennai. It includes an introduction, objectives, need for the study, industry and company profiles, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and interpretation, summary and conclusion. 150 customers were surveyed using a questionnaire and their responses were analyzed using statistical tools like percentage, chi-square and correlation to draw inferences and provide suggestions.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: A CASE OF GC...IJMIT JOURNAL
Internet banking has the potential to provide fast and reliable services to customers for which they are relatively happy. Due to the technological changes taking place all over the world, many institutions, including the banking sector have taken giant steps to move in tandem with these changes. In this light most
banks, with GCB Bank, Ghana, not being an exception have introduced electronic banking in order to decongest the banking halls of customers who spend time unending in order to transact business. The purpose of this research was to assess the Contribution of Electronic Banking to Customer Satisfaction at
GCB Bank-Koforidua, to this end some objectives were set for the study. These were: To assess the availability of electronic banking facilities at GCB Bank, Koforidua. To assess the knowledge and patronage of internet banking services by customers, to examine the effectiveness of the usage of electronic banking facilities, to examine the problem facing an internet banking in GCB Bank, Koforidua. This is a quantitative study that employed the use of questionnaires as the main tools for data collection. Data was collected from management, staff and customers of GCB Bank, Koforidua Branch. Findings from analysis of data revealed that though there was the existence of internet banking facilities of the bank, respondents of the study were not fully aware of the existence of such facilities. It was also found that the use of internet banking was quite expensive and that though the bank was utilizing the facility, customers were not fully patronizing them. It was concluded that internet banking brings efficiency in the operations of the bank. Finally, the study recommended that all branches of GCB Bank adopt internet banking facilities to help in effective banking operations and transactional purposes. To maximize the operations and potential of the bank management must endeavor to educate the customers about the existence of internet banking facilities since a few customers were aware of the existence of such facilities.
The document is a student project report on e-banking in India. It includes an introduction that defines e-banking and discusses its background and development. It also outlines the objectives, methodology and limitations of the study. The conceptual framework section discusses how online banking works and its benefits to customers. The data analysis section examines how the internet and world wide web have enabled online banking services.
Social media mining analyzes large amounts of user-generated data from social media platforms to obtain meaningful insights. It involves collecting data from platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, processing the data, then applying techniques like classification, sentiment analysis, and predictive analytics to identify patterns and correlations. The results can be used in applications like marketing, customer relationship management, and public relations. As social media usage grows, the analysis of user data from these platforms is becoming more important for both individual and business purposes.
Presentation on research report of customer satisfaction from e banking servicespriyanka sarraf
This research report summarizes a study on customer satisfaction with e-banking services from HDFC and ICICI Bank. The report outlines the objectives, sample design, data collection methods, findings and conclusions from a survey of 133 customers. Key findings include that the main factors influencing customer perception are good services, cost charges and people's references. The majority of customers reported being satisfied or highly satisfied with e-banking services, though some faced issues with slow speeds, time-consuming transfers and difficulty for less educated users. The report provides recommendations to improve e-banking services and customer training.
Exploring the factors affecting increase waiting time in Egyptian public bankAbdelhamid Elsadawy
The document discusses factors affecting increased waiting times for customers at Egyptian public banks. It explores reasons for the rise in wait times through a case study of the National Bank of Egypt. The conceptual framework identifies high customer wait times as being impacted by service process design, financial illiteracy, social responsibility, e-banking services, and ATM spread/services. Data collection includes surveys of 100 customers and employees to understand their perspectives on reasons for long waits and potential solutions.
Credit Usage of College Students Evidence from the Unive.docxaryan532920
Credit Usage of College Students:
Evidence from the University of Illinois
April 2002
Angela C. Lyons
Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Patricia M. Andersen
The Office of Student Financial Aid
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2
Contents
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………... 4
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………... 5
Research Objectives…………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Survey Methodology…………………………………………………………………………….8
Credit Card Usage……………………………….…………………………………………….. 13
Atttitudes Toward Using Credit Cards…………………………………………………………22
Financial Practices of Students with Credit Cards……………………………………………..25
A Profile of At-Risk Students…………………………………………………………………. 32
Summary of Major Findings…………………………………………………………………... 42
Other Important Findings and Future Research……………………………………………….. 43
Recommendations for the University of Illinois and Beyond………………………………… 45
References……………………………………………………………………………………... 48
Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
3
Tables and Figures
Table 1: Demographics for the Entire Student Sample……..……………………………..11
Table 2: Demographics of Students With and Without Credit Cards……..……………… 12
Table 3: How Do Students Acquire Credit Cards?………………..……………………… 14
Table 4: What Entices Students to Get Credit Cards?………..……………….…………...15
Table 5: Percentage of Students at UIUC With at Least One Credit Card ………………..16
Table 6: Types of Credit Cards Students Hold ……………………………………………18
Table 7: What Do Students Purchase with Their Credit Cards?………………………….. 19
Table 8: The Advantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………….. 21
Table 9: The Disadvantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………. 22
Table 10A: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards: Percentage of students who believe
it is all right to borrow money or use a credit card to pay for the following……. 23
Table 10B: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards (conti.): Percentage of students
who agree with these statements………………………………………………… 24
Table 11: Financial Practices of Students Who Use Credit Cards…………………………. 26
Table 12: Financial Knowledge of Students With Credit Cards…………………………… 27
Table 13: Other Types of Borrowing by Students…………………………………………. 29
Table 14: Types of Financial Assistance Received…………………………………………30
Table 15: Credit Card Usage of Students With Credit Cards…..…………………………...30
Table 16: Other Types of Debt Held by Students with Credit Cards by Financial Aid
Status…………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Table 17: Demographics of Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More…………... 33
Table 18: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & Their Financial Practices...34
Table 19: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & ...
Credit Usage of College Students Evidence from the Unive.docxMARRY7
Credit Usage of College Students:
Evidence from the University of Illinois
April 2002
Angela C. Lyons
Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Patricia M. Andersen
The Office of Student Financial Aid
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2
Contents
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………... 4
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………... 5
Research Objectives…………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Survey Methodology…………………………………………………………………………….8
Credit Card Usage……………………………….…………………………………………….. 13
Atttitudes Toward Using Credit Cards…………………………………………………………22
Financial Practices of Students with Credit Cards……………………………………………..25
A Profile of At-Risk Students…………………………………………………………………. 32
Summary of Major Findings…………………………………………………………………... 42
Other Important Findings and Future Research……………………………………………….. 43
Recommendations for the University of Illinois and Beyond………………………………… 45
References……………………………………………………………………………………... 48
Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
3
Tables and Figures
Table 1: Demographics for the Entire Student Sample……..……………………………..11
Table 2: Demographics of Students With and Without Credit Cards……..……………… 12
Table 3: How Do Students Acquire Credit Cards?………………..……………………… 14
Table 4: What Entices Students to Get Credit Cards?………..……………….…………...15
Table 5: Percentage of Students at UIUC With at Least One Credit Card ………………..16
Table 6: Types of Credit Cards Students Hold ……………………………………………18
Table 7: What Do Students Purchase with Their Credit Cards?………………………….. 19
Table 8: The Advantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………….. 21
Table 9: The Disadvantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………. 22
Table 10A: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards: Percentage of students who believe
it is all right to borrow money or use a credit card to pay for the following……. 23
Table 10B: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards (conti.): Percentage of students
who agree with these statements………………………………………………… 24
Table 11: Financial Practices of Students Who Use Credit Cards…………………………. 26
Table 12: Financial Knowledge of Students With Credit Cards…………………………… 27
Table 13: Other Types of Borrowing by Students…………………………………………. 29
Table 14: Types of Financial Assistance Received…………………………………………30
Table 15: Credit Card Usage of Students With Credit Cards…..…………………………...30
Table 16: Other Types of Debt Held by Students with Credit Cards by Financial Aid
Status…………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Table 17: Demographics of Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More…………... 33
Table 18: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & Their Financial Practices...34
Table 19: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & ...
This document provides a marketing plan for a new banking program called "Your New Piggy Bank" aimed at college students. It includes an executive summary, company and competitive analyses of Huntington Bank, descriptions of the target audiences of college students and their parents, goals and objectives for the program, and strategies and tactics that will be used. The program will guide students through three stages of money management and offer services like loans, credit cards, and a mobile app advisor. The marketing campaign will promote the program through various media like billboards, print ads, radio/TV spots, and events using the tagline "Welcome to your new piggy bank."
THE STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BUYING OF MOBILE HANDSETS WITH REFERENCE...Udit Das
This document provides a literature review on factors influencing the buying of mobile handsets. Several studies have found that physical attributes, price, features, brand name, durability, and recommendations from friends are important factors. Previous research also found that price and features are the most important decision factors. Younger consumers are influenced by social factors as well. The current study aims to identify the key factors influencing mobile phone purchases in Jagdalpur and Raipur City, India.
What Next ? - The future of higher EducationMahavir Pati
This presentation explores the future trends in Education, The skills that will be important in Future and some revolutionary and cutting edge developments in the Domain of Higher Education
Customers Satisfaction on the Retail Banking Sector in Bangladesh: A Case Stu...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
This document analyzes customer satisfaction with retail banking services at City Bank Limited in Bangladesh. It conducts a case study through a survey of 50 City Bank customers to measure their expectations and satisfaction levels. The survey finds that customers are generally satisfied with reliability but less satisfied with accessibility, fees, and ATM services. To improve satisfaction, the bank should focus on expanding its branch network, simplifying the account opening process, improving ATM availability and reducing transaction fees. The study aims to help City Bank enhance its customer service and better meet customer needs.
customer perception towards internet banking final reportjay prakash tyagi
The document discusses customer perception towards internet banking. It first defines internet banking as conducting banking transactions electronically from any location via the internet. It then discusses how banks offer internet banking and the benefits it provides customers in terms of convenience and reduced time and costs. The objectives of the study are then outlined as understanding the factors influencing customer perception, designing a measure to evaluate perception, and suggesting implications for banks.
This document provides an outline for a research study on analyzing the effects of consumer risk perception on purchasing banking services through the internet. It includes an introduction on banking and online banking, the need for internet banking in India, and discusses various dimensions of risk perceived by consumers. The objectives are to understand the impact of risk perception and determine differences between users and non-users of internet banking. A literature review is presented on previous studies related to online banking quality, risk perception, and factors influencing internet banking usage. The methodology discusses using descriptive and exploratory research approaches through surveys and secondary data collection.
The marketing plan aims to increase usage of the RamCard Plus, a debit card linked to student IDs at Colorado State University (CSU) and offered through a partnership with First National Bank. The plan targets incoming CSU freshmen and their parents. Goals are to acquire 25% of incoming freshmen and 1,000 current students annually, for a total of 2,000 new accounts in the first year. Tactics include highlighting a new 5% cash back incentive on campus purchases, which will automatically be deposited into a linked savings account. Communicating incentives and financial education benefits more clearly during orientation and via marketing to students and parents upon CSU acceptance are also emphasized. The goal is to attract young customers to establish long-
Effect of Digital Banking on Customer Satisfaction: A case of National Bank o...paperpublications3
Abstract: This study purposed to investigate the effect of digital banking on customer satisfaction case of National Bank of Kenya. The objective that guided the study: To determine the effect of speed of transactions on Customer Satisfaction case of National Bank of Kenya, Bungoma County. The target population for the study was bank customers and banking staff from National Bank in Bungoma County. The study utilized a sample size of 417. Descriptive survey design was undertaken and data was collected using a triangulation of methods including questionnaires, interview schedules and document reviews. Analysis was undertaken with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences where both descriptive and correlation analysis were performed. The findings of the study established that there was a significant relationship between speed of transaction and customers satisfaction, χ2 (6, N=350) = 221.45. The study recommends that there is need by banks to invest more on robust reliable systems to reduce incidents of failed transactions and transactional errors in ATMs.
Customers’ Satisfaction on E Banking Services in Indian Banking Sectorsijtsrd
Internet Banking is about using the infrastructure for digital age to create opportunities, both in local and global market. The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of service quality factors of Internet Banking on customer satisfaction in Indore district. Banks play a major role in all the economic and financial activities in modern society E banking is the application of electronic means in interaction between bankers and customer, and bankers and businesses, as well as in internal banking operations, to simplify and progress the banking services. Today, approximately all banks have adopted ICT as a mean of improving the service quality of banking servicesThis paper examines the customer satisfaction on the Electronic Banking Services of Public Sector and Private Sector Banks in Indore district. The sample size of the study is 80 the data is gathered from the primary information. For the purpose of analysis, the customer’s satisfaction in both banks has been assessed in seven dimensions based on the suggestions. Reliability, Accessibility, User friendliness, Privacy Security, Efficiency, Responsiveness and Fulfilment. ANOVA test were applied to test the hypotheses. Dr. Kamaljeet Bhatia "Customers’ Satisfaction on E-Banking Services in Indian Banking Sectors" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45231.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45231/customers’-satisfaction-on-ebanking-services-in-indian-banking-sectors/dr-kamaljeet-bhatia
1) The Indian banking sector has remained resilient despite global economic challenges, with growing balance sheets, higher credit expansion, and profitability on par with developed markets. Stress tests also show that Indian banks can withstand significant shocks.
2) A survey found that most respondents believed the Indian banking industry was in very good to excellent shape and outperformed other sectors of the Indian economy. However, respondents also felt that Indian banks need to further advance their technology to compete globally.
3) Competition in the Indian banking industry has increased with liberalization, as new public and private sector banks and foreign banks have entered the market. Banks are focusing on new products and improved customer service to gain customers and market share.
Determinants of attitude of customers towards usage of islamic credit card a ...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that examined factors influencing the attitude of graduate students toward using Islamic credit cards. It used a model called the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and incorporated additional factors of trust, financial cost, and knowledge of Islamic credit cards. A survey was conducted of postgraduate students at Kolej Universiti Insaniah in Kedah, Malaysia to determine how perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, trust, financial cost, and knowledge influence attitudes toward using Islamic credit cards. Previous literature found that demographic factors and financial knowledge influence conventional credit card usage. However, few studies examined determinants of attitudes specifically toward Islamic credit cards.
A Study on Role of Technology in Banking Sectorijtsrd
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between new technology implementation in banking sector and customers How they are aware about the technologies and how they are using it Data for this study was collected from the customers of various Banking Sectors under the Reserve Bank of India A simple percentage analysis and pie chart will be done According to questioners 30 samples are collected and interpretations are given Findings suggest that most of the customers of bank using ATM facility So the banks need to give awareness about the E-banking services Lastly, the paper is of few papers that focus on technology development in banking industry Aswin Raj. T | Mr. Bala Nageshwara Rao "A Study on Role of Technology in Banking Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18357.pdf
Customers' Satisfaction in ATM Service - Empirical Evidence from the Leading ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Service offering channels in banking sector has emerged on scene with a variety of forms such as internet banking, mobile banking, and ATM. Mature competition and global finance system have forced to investigate the significance of customer satisfaction. This study was set to assess customers’ satisfaction in ATM service by taking the case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), which is the leading bank in the country, using SERVPERF model. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data from 385 valid respondents who are customers of CBE, using convenient sampling technique. Data were analysed using SPSS - frequencies and percentages, mean scores, Cronbach alpha, Pearson’s linear correlation and regression analysis. The study was based on the three research objectives: (a) to measure whether ATM service quality corresponds to each dimensions of SERVPERF (b) to analyze the customer satisfaction on ATM service quality, and c) to investigate the level of customer satisfaction. The findings revealed that all the service quality dimensions are significantly and positively associated with the overall customer satisfaction. Besides, Tangibility, Reliability, Responsiveness, Empathy and Assurance are highlighted as significant predictors and key factors in determining the customer satisfaction. But Assurance was found as the most influential predictor of customer satisfaction. The researchers recommend that in order to ensure customer satisfaction improving the performance on all the dimensions of (ATM) service quality is imperative.
This document is a project report submitted by S. Prarthana to the Faculty of Management Studies at Dhanalakshmi College of Engineering in partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The project report studies customer awareness of internet banking services provided by Dena Bank's T.Nagar branch in Chennai. It includes an introduction, objectives, need for the study, industry and company profiles, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and interpretation, summary and conclusion. 150 customers were surveyed using a questionnaire and their responses were analyzed using statistical tools like percentage, chi-square and correlation to draw inferences and provide suggestions.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING TO CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: A CASE OF GC...IJMIT JOURNAL
Internet banking has the potential to provide fast and reliable services to customers for which they are relatively happy. Due to the technological changes taking place all over the world, many institutions, including the banking sector have taken giant steps to move in tandem with these changes. In this light most
banks, with GCB Bank, Ghana, not being an exception have introduced electronic banking in order to decongest the banking halls of customers who spend time unending in order to transact business. The purpose of this research was to assess the Contribution of Electronic Banking to Customer Satisfaction at
GCB Bank-Koforidua, to this end some objectives were set for the study. These were: To assess the availability of electronic banking facilities at GCB Bank, Koforidua. To assess the knowledge and patronage of internet banking services by customers, to examine the effectiveness of the usage of electronic banking facilities, to examine the problem facing an internet banking in GCB Bank, Koforidua. This is a quantitative study that employed the use of questionnaires as the main tools for data collection. Data was collected from management, staff and customers of GCB Bank, Koforidua Branch. Findings from analysis of data revealed that though there was the existence of internet banking facilities of the bank, respondents of the study were not fully aware of the existence of such facilities. It was also found that the use of internet banking was quite expensive and that though the bank was utilizing the facility, customers were not fully patronizing them. It was concluded that internet banking brings efficiency in the operations of the bank. Finally, the study recommended that all branches of GCB Bank adopt internet banking facilities to help in effective banking operations and transactional purposes. To maximize the operations and potential of the bank management must endeavor to educate the customers about the existence of internet banking facilities since a few customers were aware of the existence of such facilities.
The document is a student project report on e-banking in India. It includes an introduction that defines e-banking and discusses its background and development. It also outlines the objectives, methodology and limitations of the study. The conceptual framework section discusses how online banking works and its benefits to customers. The data analysis section examines how the internet and world wide web have enabled online banking services.
Social media mining analyzes large amounts of user-generated data from social media platforms to obtain meaningful insights. It involves collecting data from platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, processing the data, then applying techniques like classification, sentiment analysis, and predictive analytics to identify patterns and correlations. The results can be used in applications like marketing, customer relationship management, and public relations. As social media usage grows, the analysis of user data from these platforms is becoming more important for both individual and business purposes.
Presentation on research report of customer satisfaction from e banking servicespriyanka sarraf
This research report summarizes a study on customer satisfaction with e-banking services from HDFC and ICICI Bank. The report outlines the objectives, sample design, data collection methods, findings and conclusions from a survey of 133 customers. Key findings include that the main factors influencing customer perception are good services, cost charges and people's references. The majority of customers reported being satisfied or highly satisfied with e-banking services, though some faced issues with slow speeds, time-consuming transfers and difficulty for less educated users. The report provides recommendations to improve e-banking services and customer training.
Exploring the factors affecting increase waiting time in Egyptian public bankAbdelhamid Elsadawy
The document discusses factors affecting increased waiting times for customers at Egyptian public banks. It explores reasons for the rise in wait times through a case study of the National Bank of Egypt. The conceptual framework identifies high customer wait times as being impacted by service process design, financial illiteracy, social responsibility, e-banking services, and ATM spread/services. Data collection includes surveys of 100 customers and employees to understand their perspectives on reasons for long waits and potential solutions.
Credit Usage of College Students Evidence from the Unive.docxaryan532920
Credit Usage of College Students:
Evidence from the University of Illinois
April 2002
Angela C. Lyons
Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Patricia M. Andersen
The Office of Student Financial Aid
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2
Contents
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………... 4
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………... 5
Research Objectives…………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Survey Methodology…………………………………………………………………………….8
Credit Card Usage……………………………….…………………………………………….. 13
Atttitudes Toward Using Credit Cards…………………………………………………………22
Financial Practices of Students with Credit Cards……………………………………………..25
A Profile of At-Risk Students…………………………………………………………………. 32
Summary of Major Findings…………………………………………………………………... 42
Other Important Findings and Future Research……………………………………………….. 43
Recommendations for the University of Illinois and Beyond………………………………… 45
References……………………………………………………………………………………... 48
Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
3
Tables and Figures
Table 1: Demographics for the Entire Student Sample……..……………………………..11
Table 2: Demographics of Students With and Without Credit Cards……..……………… 12
Table 3: How Do Students Acquire Credit Cards?………………..……………………… 14
Table 4: What Entices Students to Get Credit Cards?………..……………….…………...15
Table 5: Percentage of Students at UIUC With at Least One Credit Card ………………..16
Table 6: Types of Credit Cards Students Hold ……………………………………………18
Table 7: What Do Students Purchase with Their Credit Cards?………………………….. 19
Table 8: The Advantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………….. 21
Table 9: The Disadvantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………. 22
Table 10A: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards: Percentage of students who believe
it is all right to borrow money or use a credit card to pay for the following……. 23
Table 10B: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards (conti.): Percentage of students
who agree with these statements………………………………………………… 24
Table 11: Financial Practices of Students Who Use Credit Cards…………………………. 26
Table 12: Financial Knowledge of Students With Credit Cards…………………………… 27
Table 13: Other Types of Borrowing by Students…………………………………………. 29
Table 14: Types of Financial Assistance Received…………………………………………30
Table 15: Credit Card Usage of Students With Credit Cards…..…………………………...30
Table 16: Other Types of Debt Held by Students with Credit Cards by Financial Aid
Status…………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Table 17: Demographics of Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More…………... 33
Table 18: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & Their Financial Practices...34
Table 19: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & ...
Credit Usage of College Students Evidence from the Unive.docxMARRY7
Credit Usage of College Students:
Evidence from the University of Illinois
April 2002
Angela C. Lyons
Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Patricia M. Andersen
The Office of Student Financial Aid
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2
Contents
Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………... 4
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………... 5
Research Objectives…………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Survey Methodology…………………………………………………………………………….8
Credit Card Usage……………………………….…………………………………………….. 13
Atttitudes Toward Using Credit Cards…………………………………………………………22
Financial Practices of Students with Credit Cards……………………………………………..25
A Profile of At-Risk Students…………………………………………………………………. 32
Summary of Major Findings…………………………………………………………………... 42
Other Important Findings and Future Research……………………………………………….. 43
Recommendations for the University of Illinois and Beyond………………………………… 45
References……………………………………………………………………………………... 48
Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………. 51
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
Anshul
Highlight
3
Tables and Figures
Table 1: Demographics for the Entire Student Sample……..……………………………..11
Table 2: Demographics of Students With and Without Credit Cards……..……………… 12
Table 3: How Do Students Acquire Credit Cards?………………..……………………… 14
Table 4: What Entices Students to Get Credit Cards?………..……………….…………...15
Table 5: Percentage of Students at UIUC With at Least One Credit Card ………………..16
Table 6: Types of Credit Cards Students Hold ……………………………………………18
Table 7: What Do Students Purchase with Their Credit Cards?………………………….. 19
Table 8: The Advantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………….. 21
Table 9: The Disadvantages of Having a Credit Card……………………………………. 22
Table 10A: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards: Percentage of students who believe
it is all right to borrow money or use a credit card to pay for the following……. 23
Table 10B: Attitudes Towards Using Credit Cards (conti.): Percentage of students
who agree with these statements………………………………………………… 24
Table 11: Financial Practices of Students Who Use Credit Cards…………………………. 26
Table 12: Financial Knowledge of Students With Credit Cards…………………………… 27
Table 13: Other Types of Borrowing by Students…………………………………………. 29
Table 14: Types of Financial Assistance Received…………………………………………30
Table 15: Credit Card Usage of Students With Credit Cards…..…………………………...30
Table 16: Other Types of Debt Held by Students with Credit Cards by Financial Aid
Status…………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Table 17: Demographics of Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More…………... 33
Table 18: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & Their Financial Practices...34
Table 19: Students with Credit Card Debt of $1000 or More & ...
The document discusses trends in the credit card industry in the United States. It notes that credit card ownership has been rising, with over 222 million expected cardholders by 2012. Approximately 60% of consumers have a rewards credit card. Retail store credit cards also represent a large portion of cards issued, at 38.6% of the total, and are a major focus of marketing by retailers to improve customer loyalty and boost sales. However, retail cards also present some disadvantages for consumers compared to standard bank-issued cards. The credit card industry overall creates hundreds of thousands of jobs in areas like credit review, banking, and financial services.
Quantitative Tools for research Project Report Muhammad Nadeem
This report is about the basic concept of Quantitative Tools for research, a key course for research students. Its also includes the SPSS results and their hypotheses.
A STUDY ON ISLAMIC CREDIT CARDS HOLDERS.Claire Webber
This document provides information about a study on Islamic credit card holders conducted by Nuradli Ridzwan Shah Bin Mohd Dali and Hanifah Abdul Hamid of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. The study aims to identify factors influencing perceptions of Islamic banking credit cards using factor analysis. It provides background on credit cards and Islamic banking principles. Literature on past studies on factors affecting choice and use of Islamic versus conventional credit cards is also reviewed. The methodology section describes the use of exploratory factor analysis to uncover underlying structures in a large set of variables related to Islamic credit card holders.
Consumers Buying Behaviors’ Loans and Credits: A SituationerIJAEMSJORNAL
This study aimed to describe the situation of the consumers buying behaviors loans’ and credits with the use of descriptive research design. The researchers found out that micro–financing business or lending institutions and private individuals are credit service providers of the respondents. The types of loan and credit they avail are investment loan or business loan which is worth more than Php 100,000 and consumer credit amounting to less than Php 20,000. Loans can provide their needs, they do not have stable source of income, their salary are not enough, they want to buy gadgets, apparels and vehicles are the main reasons why the respondents avail loans and credits. On the other hand, long process of approval, time to repayment of maturity date and high interest rate are problems encountered by the respondents in availing credit services. Complex–buying and habitual–buying are the consumer behaviors manifested by the respondents.
This document is a project report submitted by Pooja Gupta for her MBA program. The report studies customer perception towards credit cards issued by private and public banks in India. It begins with an introduction that provides background on the history and development of credit cards in India. It discusses how credit cards have become popular in recent years as banks offer various cards. The report will examine trends in the credit card industry, compare different types of cards, and evaluate customer satisfaction levels and perceptions. It aims to provide insight into the credit card market in India and identify factors that influence customer choices.
Credit Cards 101:
Teaching Young People the
Truth about the Plastic Peril
1. Results of Personal Finance Quiz (5 – 10 min)
a. Discuss with the students how they did as a group compared to the national averages. Questions you could ask them:
- Why do you think our class did better/worse than other students?
- What do you think these results indicate about your understanding of personal finance?
2. Credit Card Introductory Activity (10 min)
a. The goal of this activity is to see what students know and don’t know about Credit Cards…
b. Put up poster paper with the following questions. Give them 10 minutes to walk around the room and write either a response to the question, or a response to someone else’s answer.
- What is a credit card?
- Who can get credit cards?
- What are the advantages to having a credit card?
- What are the disadvantages to using a credit card?
- What should you look for when trying to choose the right credit card?
- What do I want to know about credit cards?
This document outlines a dissertation proposal on studying the use of credit cards and their effects on spending and retail marketing in Sri Lanka. It includes sections on background information, justification for the research, problem identification, research objectives, research questions, and an extensive literature review. The objectives are to identify factors impacting credit card use and spending/marketing effects in Sri Lanka, determine relationships between these variables, and provide recommendations. The literature review discusses prior research on topics like digital payments, perceived usefulness/ease of use of payment methods, and social influence on technology adoption.
Student loan debt in the United States has risen dramatically in recent decades. The cost of higher education has increased substantially, forcing many students to take on large amounts of debt to pay for college through student loans. This growing student debt burden has significant negative consequences, as many graduates struggle to pay off their loans while also trying to start careers and families. Possible solutions discussed in the document include reducing interest rates on student loans, increasing financial aid programs, making colleges lower tuition costs, and establishing more flexible repayment plans tailored to graduates' incomes. Overall, the rising levels of student loan debt pose serious economic challenges that require action from both the government and higher education institutions.
This document provides an overview of prepaid cards and the prepaid card industry. It discusses the growth of prepaid cards and how they are becoming a larger part of the financial services industry. It describes the different types of prepaid cards, including closed loop cards that can only be used at certain merchants versus open loop cards that can be used more widely. It also outlines the different participants in prepaid card programs, such as cardholders, distributors, issuers, and processors, and how they interact.
Taking friction out of banking white paper - USNils Mork-Ulnes
In our white paper, ‘Taking the friction out of banking’ we research the threat from disruptive FinTech start-ups and look into designing for banking innovation with a focus on improving the digital experience for increasingly digitally-focused consumers.
Software is having an impact on everyone’s lives and we’re fascinated by its effect on user behavior. Building on our existing financial sector expertise, Beyond wanted to fully understand how people’s behavior is changing in one of the world’s oldest industries and what this change means for the future design of products and services in banking.
Researchers and educators are increasingly interested in how colle.docxdebishakespeare
Researchers and educators are increasingly interested in how college students finance their education, as students are relying on student loans and credit cards more than ever before. Using a sample of 1,244 students, the present study analyzes the credit card habits and purchase patterns of college students, differentiating those that are considered financially at-risk (FAR) from those who are not financially at-risk (NFAR). Results of a series of independent sample t-tests suggest that FAR students use their cards with greater frequency for a variety of different purchases (both necessities and non-necessities). FAR students also engage in less responsible behaviors based on a measure of credit card use. These findings provide insights into how FAR students become FAR, and may suggest avenues for more targeted intervention in the future.
College students are relying on student loans and credit card debt more than ever before. A variety of forces are impacting their reliance including tightening credit, a sluggish economy, and the continuing rise in the price of college. For example, recent information from The College Board (2009) shows that for private not-for-profit colleges, the weighted average cost of tuition, fees, and room and board has risen to $35,636. At public four-year colleges, the inflation-adjusted average tuition and fees for in-state students has increased 35% since 2001; the largest increase for any five year period since data began to be collected 30 years ago (College Board, 2009). To pay for the escalating cost of college, students are required to carry greater amounts of debt. In 2009, two-thirds of college students borrowed to pay for college, carrying an average debt load of $23,186 by the time of graduation (Chaker, 2009). These numbers are in striking comparison to only over a decade earlier when 58% of students borrowed to pay for college, with a far lower debt load of $13,172 (Chaker, 2009).To acquire an education today, the end result is that many undergraduates find themselves stuck in a "debt to diploma" system (Draut, 2005).
The related pressures of credit card debt intensify the consequences of student loan borrowing and may compromise students' ability to complete their degree. College students today have grown up in a world of plastic, seeing credit as a way of life. According to Sallie Mae's National Study of Usage Rates and Trends (2009), 84% of undergraduates have a credit card, and the average number of cards carried per cardholder is 4.6. In addition, the average undergraduate carries over three thousand dollars in credit card debt, the highest level since the company began collecting data in 1998 (Sallie Mae, 2009). Credit card debt levels of this magnitude suggest that many college students use credit cards as a source of "short-term revolving credit," being called "installment users" (Danes and Hira, 1990, p. 225). Previous research has identified different types of credit-card users: convenience u ...
Five Star Bank is launching a new consumer checking account product line and is seeking marketing strategies. The bank operates in Western and Central New York and aims to become the premier community bank in the region. It faces competition from large national banks and smaller regional banks. Most competitors offer checking accounts with monthly fees that can be waived by maintaining a minimum balance. Five Star wants to enhance the customer experience by offering banking services through multiple convenient access channels.
A project report on customer satisfaction and credit procedure study of citif...Babasab Patil
This document provides details about a study conducted on customer satisfaction and credit procedures for personal loans offered by Citifinancial in Dharwad, India. The study included analyzing Citifinancial's existing customers through questionnaires, understanding the personal loan market and Citifinancial's operations. Key findings were that most customers were satisfied overall but interest rates and processing fees were areas of dissatisfaction. The document also provides context on personal loans, Citifinancial and the methodology used in the study.
Specialty lending has grown significantly due to new regulations tightening bank lending standards. This has led banks to pull back from high-risk lending, driving clients to digital alternative lenders. These lenders utilize technology like big data and automation to efficiently match borrowers and lenders. Though still small compared to traditional banks, the specialty lending market has grown exponentially and has considerable room for further expansion, representing an opportunity for investors.
Taking an education loan for abroad studies is a difficult choice to make. This guide will tell you how an education loan can help, what’s the right amount to borrow, what types of loans are there, and much more. Read on!
Accenture North American Digital Banking Consumer Survey 2014 accenture
According to the new Accenture 2014 North America Consumer Digital Banking Survey, digital banking trends are changing traditional relationships between consumers and banks. In fact, the research suggests the relationship is increasingly uncertain as consumers are intrigued by branchless digital banks, define their relationships as merely transactional and generally want more advice and proactive financial services from their Everyday Banks. Read the PDF to learn more about the results of the survey, and how banks can respond to these threats.
Banks are facing disruption from new digital entrants and changing customer behaviors. A survey of 4,000 banking customers found that over a quarter would consider a branchless digital bank, and nearly half would bank with non-financial companies they do business with like Amazon or Apple. Younger customers especially want banking services that are seamlessly integrated across digital and in-person channels, and expect their bank to proactively recommend products and help manage their finances. To respond, banks need to become truly omnichannel, extend their ecosystem of services, and offer digital personalized financial advice to stay relevant and build loyalty among changing customer demands.
Similar to A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing Banks’ Marketing Strategy (20)
Many countries have seen the importance of financial education by making financial
education a national strategy. In Vietnam, although the National Strategies for Inclusive Financial
Education has been proposed since 2017 and officially included in the National Financial Inclusion
Strategy in 2020, however, financial education is still quite new, and many people are not aware of
the necessity of financial l
Today, in the rapidly emerging globalization process, increasing the competitiveness of enterprises
depends on increasing of their firm performance. Although there are many methods and techniques affecting
firm performance, Information technology (IT) capabilities has become one of the most widely used method,
especially in dealing with supply chain matters of a firm. The aim of our study is to express whether innovation
and organization learning is effective as intermediate variable to the effects of IT capabilities at firm’s
performance. The opinion which claim
Globally, the number of startup companies has rapidly expanded during the last 5-8 years. Offering
products and/or services that greatly enhance the lives of its clients is a major focus for these firms. In India,
local and federal government initiatives have provided new enterprises and entrepreneurs with much
momentum and assistance, helping India become the world's top startup location. The Government of India
(GOI) launched the "Startup India" campaign in 2015 to promote entrepreneurship and support businesses to
achieve this goal (Babu, S., Sridevi, K.,2019). An IBM Center for Business Value and Oxford Economics study
in 2018 found that 90% of Indian companies fail within the first five years of operation. Potential difficulties
that startups may run across, both generally and specifically in the Indian market, have been described by
several authors.
Behaviour finance is the study of how psychological phenomena affect financial behaviour. This
financial science is used in making financial decisions. Amid the development of the digital economy, paylater
innovation has emerged. It is feared that the ease of use of paylater can have a negative impact, one of which is
the attitude of impulsive buying. This research will analyze the effect of financial literacy, self-control, risk
perception, and percieved ease of use on impulsive buying behaviour. This research is based on Decision Affect
Theory, which is a theory that discusses financial decision behaviour that is influenced by self-emotion. This
research is uses purposive sampling wi
Improving the business environment is one of the key strategies to promote local and regional
economic development. However, which factors affect the business environment of the provinces is still
controversial. Using survey data from 400 investors and managers and a multivariate regression analysis
method, this study has identified the factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong province. The
analysis results show that there are 09 factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong City, including
entry costs, land access and tenure, transparent, informal charges, time cost, pro-activeness, business support
services, labor training and legal institutions. In
The effect of work attitude and innovation ability on employee innovation performance is of great
significance for improving the innovation ability of manufacturing enterprises and building an "Innovative
Country" in China.This article theoretical analysis was conducted on the mechanism by which the work attitude
of employees in manufacturing enterprises affects innovation performance and the mediating mechanism of
innovation ability. Based on data from Chinese manufacturing enterprises, empirical analysis was conducted
using SEM models. Resear
The concept of organizational resilience continues to grow in focus and importance, but there
has yet to be an agreed upon measure of organizational resilience. Organizational resilience can be seen as a
corporation’s ability to adapt to change and maintain flexibility within their supply chain. Resilience and
flexibility at all organizational levels is necessary, in a proactive manner, to turn resilience into a competitive
advantage
The document summarizes research on nonlinear correlation coefficients on manifolds. It defines a new nonlinear correlation coefficient called SEVP, proves some of its basic properties including that it ranges from 0 to 1. It discusses how to measure nonlinear correlation between variables on a manifold and reviews common dimensionality reduction methods for manifolds. The goal is to preserve nonlinear structure as much as possible by projecting onto the orthogonal complement of tangent spaces. An optimization problem is formulated to find the linear space with the largest angle to all tangent spaces, transforming it into an eigenvalue problem to solve.
This study aims to analyze and prove whether there is a positive and significant influence
between product quality and poki prices on purchasing decisions for Kobba brand coffee. The survey was
conducted using 53 respondents who were buyers who had purchased Kobba brand coffee more than once.
Information from respondents was obtained through a list of questions that were sent and returned by
respondents
In this paper, we introduce a universal framework for mean-distortion robust risk measurement and
portfolio optimization. We take accounts for the uncertainty based on Gelbrich distance and another uncertainty
set proposed by Delage & Ye. We also establish the model under the constraints of probabilistic safety
criteria and compare the different frontiers and the investment ratio to each asset. The empirical analysis in the
final part explores the impact of different parameters on the model results.
Despite the attainment of the famous Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of reducing the number
of poor people across the globe a significant number still live below the poverty line. The problem of poverty is
more endemic in developing countries like Nigeria. Several intervention efforts have been in place to address
the poverty question which persists partly due to serious financial exclusion and unethical activities of informal
finance providers.
The focus of this research was to establish the effect of entrepreneurship Ecosystem in inculcating
entrepreneurial propensity for community development. Promotion of entrepreneurship in Kenya has existed
ever since independence. The Government has shown tremendous support to entrepreneurship growth. The
Government have channelled financial support through funding such as Women Enterprise fund, Youth
Enterprise Fund and Uwezo Fund
In this paper, we consider an AAI with two types of insurance business with p-thinning dependent
claims risk, diversify claims risk by purchasing proportional reinsurance, and invest in a stock with Heston
model price process, a risk-free bond, and a credit bond in the financial market with the objective of maximizing
the expectation of the terminal wealth index effect, and construct the wealth process of AAI as well as the the
model of robust optimal reinsurance-investment problem is obtained, using dynamic programming, the HJB
equation to obtain the pre-default and post-default reinsurance-investment strategies and the display expression
of the value function, respectively, and the sensitivity of the model parameters is analyzed through numerical
experiments to obtain a realistic economic interpretation. The model as well as the results in this paper are a
generalization and extension of the results of existing studies.
:Textiles and clothing are a fundamental part of everyday life and an important sector in the global
economy. It is hard to imagine a world without textiles. Clothes are worn by almost everyone, almost all the time
and it also becomes an important expression for an individuality. In 2015, emission from textiles production
totaled 1.2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent throughout its lifecycle. The fashion industry is a large consumer of
water, high volumes of water containing
In this paper, we construct a Credit Default Swap pricing model for default recovery rates under
distributional uncertainty based on a structured pricing model and distributional uncertainty theory. The model
is algorithmically transformed into a solvable semi-definite programming problem using the Lagrangian dual
method, and the solution of the model is given using the projection interior point method. Finally, an empirical
analysis is conducted, and the results show that the model constructed in this paper is reasonable and efficient
The closures of schools, colleges, and universities in many countries worldwide during the COVID19 pandemic have reshaped every aspect of our normal lives and educational experience. As a result of
extended periods of lockdown, whole populations have been advised to stay in their households and
communicate with others through distance electronic communications methods such as Zoom, Teams, Google
meetings etc. More than 1
Even though economists and academics have been studying money laundering for many years, there
are still gaps in the research because there is a dearth of trustworthy data on the activity as well as an absence
of specific sources and methods of collection in government-based reporting. The Walker-Unger gravity model
was used in this study to determine the countries that Russian-based money launderers used as funding
destinations between the years 2000 and 2020, as well as whether there are any variations in country rankings
during economic downturns. The investigation's findings indicated that even during recessionary times, money
launderers with Russian bases consistently preferred certain countries as their destination
This study will establish a scientific foundation for analyzing and assessing the development of
human resources in industrial parks of Hai Duong province. According to statistics and primary data, the
study analyzes the current situation of human resource development in the industrial parks in Hai Duong
province, states achievements, limitations and their causes, thereby giving solutions to improve the human
resource development in industrial parks of Hai Duong province in the future for the economic development
of industrial parks in particular and Hai Duong province in general.
The document analyzes the efficiency of the top 20 solar companies globally from 2018-2022 using data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist productivity index (MPI). Input variables included total assets, total equity, and sales expenses, while output variables were revenue and profit. Correlation analysis found the input and output variables were strongly positively correlated and suitable for DEA. DEA and MPI analysis identified China Three Renewable Group, Enphase Energy, Trina Solar, Emerson Electrics, and Solar Industry India as the top 5 most efficient companies. The study aims to help managers evaluate partnering opportunities within the global solar supply chain.
The objective of this research is 1) to study social media usage behavior of the elderly and 2) to
examine the relationship between factors of the social media usage behavior of the elderly in Surat Thani
Province, Thailand. The data were collected from selected elderly aged 60 years and older in Surat Thani
Province. The number of the sample in this study was 400. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the
data. Statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Chi-Square
More from International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) (20)
Title: Making Money the Easy Way: A Quick Guide to Generating IncomeWilliamZinsmeister
Welcome to "Making Money the Easy Way: A Quick Guide to Generating Income." This book is designed to provide you with practical, actionable strategies to generate income with minimal effort. Whether you’re looking to supplement your current income or create a full-time revenue stream, this guide covers a variety of methods to help you achieve your financial goals. We will explore opportunities available online, various investment strategies, profitable side hustles, creative approaches, and essential financial tips to ensure sustainable income growth.
Boost Your Instagram Views Instantly Proven Free Strategies.InstBlast Marketing
Supercars use advanced materials and tech for top-speed performance. Join Performance Car Exclusive to experience driving excellence.
https://instblast.com/instagram/free-instagram-views
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Women-Focused MarketingHighViz PR
Women centric marketing is a vital part in reaching one of the most influential groups of consumers. Here is a guide to know and measure the impact of women-centric marketing efforts-
A brief analysis of SHEIN's digital transformation.
SHEIN’s business model:
1. D2C cross-border ecommerce: SHEIN integrate the manufactures from Guanzhou to make clothes and deliver direct to customers.
2. Digital marketing: Data driven online marketing for user acquisition.
3. Digital transforming vendor chain: the most core of the revolution to shorten the innovation and lead time.
4. Outstanding user experience: International delivery in high efficiency
Leverage four parts of the user satisfaction process and integrate related resource and information flow, which making SHEIN an international leading D2C ecommerce company.
• Keeping utilizing data in all process is another core capability. From the page click, sales metrics, fabric sourcing to manufacturing time, all data is integrated for decision making, leading an upward customer preference and much efficient business decision making process.
If you’re at all interested in digital
marketing and in making a name for
your brand online, then it is crucial that
you understand how to properly make
use of content marketing. Content
marketing is currently one of the
biggest trends in digital marketing as a
whole and is an area that many website owners and brands are investing in
heavily right now thanks to the impressive returns that they are seeing.
Top 10 AI Trends to Watch in 2024 with Intelisyncnehapardhi711
As we advance further into the digital age, artificial intelligence (AI) continues to evolve, shaping various industries and aspects of our daily lives. The advancements in AI for 2024 promise significant transformations across multiple sectors. From agentic AI and open-source AI to AI-powered cybersecurity and sustainability, these trends highlight the growing influence of AI on our world. By staying informed and embracing these trends, businesses and individuals can harness the power of AI to innovate and thrive.
This article explores the top 10 AI trends to watch in 2024, providing an overview, impact, and examples of each trend.
Top 10 AI Trends to Watch in 2024
Trend 1: Agentic AI
Overview of Agentic AI
Agentic AI represents a fundamental shift in artificial intelligence. These AI systems are designed to comprehend complex workflows and pursue difficult objectives autonomously, with minimal human assistance. Essentially, agentic AI functions similarly to human employees, understanding intricate contexts and instructions in normal language, defining goals, deducing subtasks, and adapting actions to changing circumstances.
Impact of Agentic AI
Agentic AI has the potential to drastically alter organizational roles, procedures, and relationships. AI assistants with advanced thinking and planning capabilities can perform tasks previously managed by humans. This shift enhances productivity by fully automating complex processes, freeing workers from repetitive tasks to focus on more critical activities. The ability to adapt quickly to changing circumstances ensures continuous operational improvements.
Examples and Use Cases of Agentic AI
Autonomous Vehicles: Self-driving cars use agentic AI to navigate roads, interpret traffic signals, and make real-time decisions to ensure passenger safety.
Smart Home Devices: AI-powered home assistants, like smart thermostats and security systems, operate autonomously to optimize energy usage and enhance security.
Customer Service Bots: Advanced chatbots handle complex customer queries, provide solutions, and escalate issues to human agents when necessary.
Trend 2: Open Source AI
Overview of Open Source AI
Open-source AI involves freely available source code, encouraging developers to collaborate, use, adapt, and share AI technology. This openness fosters innovation and speeds up the development of practical AI solutions across various sectors, including healthcare, finance, and education.
Impact of Open Source AI
The collaborative nature of open-source AI promotes transparency and facilitates continuous improvement, leading to feature-rich, reliable, and modular solutions. These platforms enable the creation of applications such as real-time fraud detection, medical image analysis, personalized recommendations, and customized learning experiences.
Examples and Use Cases of Open Source AI
TensorFlow: An open-source machine learning framework by Google, widely used for building and deploying AI models.
This document was submitted as part of interview process for Marketing Specialist position at DTA Promotion, an Indonesian company which offers 360 degree marketing services, including ATL and BTL advertising platform.
How to Start Affiliate Marketing with ChatGPT- A Step-by-Step Guide (1).pdfSimpleMoneyMaker
Discover the power of affiliate marketing with ChatGPT! This comprehensive guide takes you through the process of starting and scaling your affiliate marketing business using the latest AI technology. Learn how to leverage ChatGPT to generate content ideas, create engaging articles, and connect with your audience through personalized interactions. From building your strategy and optimizing conversions to analyzing performance and staying updated with industry trends, this eBook provides everything you need to know to succeed in affiliate marketing. Whether you're a beginner looking to start your online business or an experienced marketer wanting to take your efforts to the next level, this guide is your roadmap to success in the world of affiliate marketing.
THE STORY COMMUNICATION Credential 2024.pptxhuyenngo62
The Story Communication là công ty quảng cáo truyền thông tích hợp (IMC) được xây dựng trên thế mạnh về Digital & Performance.
#Assemble #Integrity #Transformation #Initiative
What is Digital Marketing: A Comprehensive GuideV-tech Marketing
Digital technologies have transformed marketing. Traditional methods like print and TV ads are giving way to digital strategies, reshaping how brands connect with consumers online. Welcome to the era of digital marketing, where engagement in the digital realm is key. Let's delve into what digital marketing entails in our interconnected world.
3 Best “Add to Calendar” Link Generator Tools (2024)Y
“Add to Calendar” link generator tools allow users to create links that add events directly to digital calendars like Google Calendar, Apple Calendar, and Outlook.
These tools simplify event scheduling by generating short URLs or QR codes that, when clicked or scanned, automatically insert event details into a user’s calendar.
They are ideal for streamlining the promotion of events in emails, websites, and social media, enhancing engagement and ensuring attendees don’t miss important dates.
These tools are designed to cater to diverse needs, from personal event planning to professional event promotion, ensuring your attendees can easily add events to their preferred calendar.
Cal.et is a versatile and user-friendly tool that allows you to create “Add to Calendar” links for seamless event scheduling and promotion.
3 Best “Add to Calendar” Link Generator Tools (2024)
A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing Banks’ Marketing Strategy
1. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM)
Volume 3 Issue 4 April 2018, P.P. 40-53
ISSN: 2456-4559
www.ijbmm.com
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 40
A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing
Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing Banks’ Marketing Strategy
Shi Hongbo*
, Cui Yongcai, ZouWeina
School of Economics and Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209 China
*Correspondence: rand@sina.com
Abstract: With the credit card has gradually entered into our life, the credit card market competition is
becoming increasingly fierce; every bank targets college students market. However, many problems arise
because of the facts that college students have no stable source of income and they lack credit consciousness.
Then banks stopped issuing cards to college students, giving up the huge market of college students who have
good qualities, great potential and can accept new things quickly. Based on this situation, the study adopted the
electronic questionnaire and paper questionnaire and then combined with the questionnaire data of 336 valid
samples collected to analyze the choosing intention of these contracted seniors’ first credit card. According to
the empirical analysis, the study concluded that there are four main factors, which influence the choosing
intentions: bank strength, services and cost factor, additional functions and problems factor, the credit card
product factor, status symbol and the location factor. Finally, series of “7P” marketing suggestions are
proposed to the issuing banks.
Keywords: Contracted senior, credit card, choosing intention, marketing suggestion
I. Introduction
In the recent years, with the gradual change of consumption and financial management concept, credit card
has become an important tool for non-cash payment. According to incomplete statistics, to the first quarter of
2014 in China, credit card circulation has exceeded 400 million and the total transaction amount exceeded 15
trillion Yuan (RMB). In addition, under the huge background of transformation occurred in the market space and
economic structure, over the next 10 years the average annual growth rate of China credit card volume will
remain at around 14% and the annual revenue growth at around 40%. It will give every commercial bank great
business opportunities, but also confront the development of China’s credit card business with unprecedented
challenges. There is data showing that the foreign credit card issuer’s revenue accounted for more than half of
the average income of the bank, of which about 75% came from interest income. In contrast, as Chinese
cardholders usually get used to make both ends meet, the overdraft ratio is much lower than the average
overdraft ratio on abroad. Therefore, China’s issuing banks live mainly on the company’s business, which
accounted for more than 90% of total revenue; retail business is always a weak link. It is obvious that China’s
banking business transformation is hanging over the banks head.
In this situation, the main force of the future consumption - college students well educated become the target
market of each commercial bank’s credit card business. Since September 20, 2004 with Golden Credit and
2. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 41
China Guangfa Bank jointly issued the first credit card for college students, many domestic banks have also
followed and issued college student credit card [1]
. In September 5, 2005, CITIC Bank issued a special credit
card for college students in some universities at Dalian, expecting to create more profits and benefits for the
credit card business of CITIC bank. In October of the same year, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
launched nationwide large-scale promotion of student credit card “Young card”. With the strengthening of the
major banks’ promotion and the strong interest of the students in credit cards this kind of fresh thing, the
upsurge of issuing credit cards on campus was promoted [2]
. However, due to the special nature of the college
students, a series of problems such as many “sleeping cards”, high bad debt rate, low profit of issuing banks,
serious product homogeneity, narrow environment of card using, difficulty to guarantee credit and other issues
became more and more fierce. Especially in July 16, 2009, after China Bank Regulatory Commission published
“The Circular on Further Regulating the Business of Credit Cards”, CITIC Bank, Industrial and Commercial
Bank of China, China Construction Bank and some other banks stopped the business of college students’ credit
card for a time [3]
. It is obvious that blindly issuing credit cards to undergraduates cannot really seize the market;
on the contrary, resulted in the waste of the commercial banks resources, produced a variety of bad debt difficult
to recover, and led to inestimable losses.
Through investigation, it found that the college students credit card issue should be ascribe to that college
students always lack credit awareness and are not clear about the policies related to credit card regulations.
Comparing with other grades, the contracted seniors understand the importance of their credit in their future life
and work better. Encouraging this part of students to apply for a credit card is the best way for commercial
banks to expand credit card market. Therefore, each bank should have a detailed understanding of their
considerations before they choose the credit card to seize opportunities better and faster.
This research takes seniors to be employed from some universities all over China as data samples to
investigate their credit card use intentions by questionnaire survey; and the various factors they will consider
when they choose for their own the first credit card in the future. Moreover, analyzes the results to find the
influence of gender, age, profession, region, salary differences on the choice of a credit card. Finally, based on
the results, targeted marketing suggestions are put forward for the issuing banks.
II. Literature review
2.1 The overseas research
In recent years, much has been written about credit card usage among college students. Despite a vast
number of studies, little has been written about credit card usage among college students in developing countries
[4]
. Willey and Richard (1974) classified the bankcard users into three types: high level (active user), medium
level (moderate user) and low level (motionless user) by the method of psychological analysis. They found that
high-level users were younger, better educated with higher degree, more engaged in a professional or
managerial profession than low users. In addition, Adcock, Hirschman and Goldstucker (1976) studied and
found that credit card users and the non-users had significant differences on the demographic variables. Among
them, men tended to favor overdraw, while women were likely to be more gregarious, more active, and more
willing to try new things [5]
.
In the late 1980s, the commercial practice proved that American students had high loyalty to their first credit
cards (Jing J. Xiao, 1995) [6]
, which was beneficial for those credit card banks to strengthen the customer
relationship to attract students to use their financial services such as car loans and housing credit after
graduation. By the end of the1990s, however, college students’ credit card debt issue aroused considerable
public concern. In 1998, the U.S. Public Interest Research Group (PIRG) made an investigation on college
3. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 42
students’ credit card usage (Joyce E. Jones,2005) [7]
, and found that most of college students had more than one
credit card and paid for their credit cards on their own. Because the college students had no fixed income, the
phenomenon of the delayed payment and the excessive consumption was not a surprise. Moreover, the main
marketing method of credit cards for American college students on campus was direct selling model. The fierce
competition increased banks’ debt crisis. According to the study, consumers’ loyalty to financial institutions
would decrease with more income and age, but when consumers who had grown up need use new financial
services, they usually chose the bank they had contacted with when they were teenagers.
Foreign research mainly focused on social problems caused by college students’ credit card usage, for
example, the relevance with strained family ties and unemployment rate. In addition, early empirical studies
confirmed the demographic variables had significant impact on credit card usage, and revealed the fact that the
users were younger, better educated with higher degree and more income than non-users [8]
. It also profoundly
pointed out the concision that the loyalty of the college students to their first credit cards was very high, which
was a strong support for the research in this article. How should credit card banks develop marketing strategies
to be selected as the first credit card owners by the college students is also the focus of the research.
2.2 The domestic research
Chen Qin, Fan Zhuqing (2015) [9]
believed that students’ over usage of credit cards, unstable income and
immature consumption view confronted the banks with the huge risk. Further, due to the early blind expansion
of the banks, there were large amount of “sleeping cards”, resulting in the waste of banks’ resources. Although
the market of the college students’ credit cards contained huge consumption, in 2009, several domestic banks
had stopped student credit card business in succession because of the credit crisis (Zhang Yunqi, 2011) [10]
.
In the empirical research on the factors influencing college students’ credit card application, the general
model is taking a college of a certain area as an example for research and analysis, designing questionnaire
according to different research perspectives, then sorting and analyzing the data. Qian Anqi and Xu Xiaolong
(2011) [11]
took the methods of questionnaire and factor analysis, summing up the 21 proposed factors into seven:
additional services, network bank function, the scale of the bank, the convenience of repayment, the card fee,
the convenience of usage in other cities, and fashion and beauty of the card design, and putting forward the
corresponding marketing strategy based on the seven factors. Zhou Tianyun, Tu Luyao (2011) [12]
made attitude
scale from three dimensions about cognition, emotion and behavior to explore college students’ attitude of credit
cards, and found that college students thought the credit card functions and services were important, and
value-added services had a positive impact on college students’ credit card attitude. Gou Ying, Sun Yingjun
(2013) [13]
made a sampling survey of Shanghai college students’ credit card usage from two aspects of
commercial banks and students. They analyzed the problems existing in college students’ credit card usage,
including the lack of financial knowledge, serious overdraft of individual credit card holders, the lack of credit
and so on. Then put forward solutions such as to strengthen the promotion of the knowledge of card use, to
improve the credit card service system, and to strengthen the management of the credit card overdraft.
Thus, the domestic study of college students’ credit card usage analyzed and discussed mainly from two
perspectives of cardholders and card issuers. On the one hand, the research based on the perspective of
commercial banks focused on the strategy and solution of risk prevention and management to the existing
problem of college students’ credit card market. On the other hand, based on the research of college students’
perspective, the research mainly focused on the characteristics of college students’ consumption behavior, which
including the motivation of card application, factors influencing the card application, card preference, number of
cards, the frequency of card using, the life cycle of the using of credit cards and so on. Although the market of
college students is only a segment of the national credit card market, further careful research inside the segment
4. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 43
is blank. This study used contracted seniors as the samples, who were more likely to be the future practical users
of credit cards. Both foreign literatures and domestic investigation proved that college students’ loyalty to their
first credit cards was high, which is the logical starting point of this study.
III. Descriptive statistics analysis of the questionnaire survey results
In this study, there were 400 questionnaires distributed, including 140 electronic questionnaires and 260
paper questionnaires and a total of 353 samples (96 electronic samples, 257 paper samples) were collected, with
88.25% return-ratio, and among which 336 valid questionnaires (96 electronic samples, 240 paper samples),
with 95.18% effective response rate.
3.1 The overall sample characteristics
In the course of the investigation, the research did not explore the information of seniors who had owned
credit cards already in depth but gave simple descriptive statistics while their suggestions and opinions also
provided some guidance for issuing banks’ marketing strategy. The survey did in-depth exploratory statistical
analysis about the information of students who had not owned credit cards yet, including reliability and validity
analysis, factor analysis and correlation of the data, to understand deeply the factors that would influence the
future choice of their first credit card.
From the distribution and recovery situation of questionnaires, most of respondents were college students in
cities: Nanjing, Wuxi, Weihai, and Dalian. Gender distribution, age composition and proportion of annual salary
are shown in table 1.
Table 1. Statistics of the overall sample information
Gender Female Male Total Percentage
Age 20-21 6 14 20 5.95%
22-24 73 230 303 90.18%
25-27 1 12 13 3.87%
Total 80 256 336
Percentage 23.81% 76.19% 100%
Annual
Salary
(Million)
2-3 12 30 42 12.50%
4-6 52 137 189 56.25%
7-10 10 70 80 23.81%
10-20 1 6 7 2.08%
The
missing
values
5 13 18 5.36%
Total 80 256 336
Percentage 23.81% 76.19% 100%
Students covered 28 provinces and municipality directly under the Central Government concentrated in
Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning, Jilin, Shandong and Jiangsu, which accounted for more than half of the total number
of samples; Professional categories were 41, covering the language class, engineering class, management class
and so on. Among the samples, students who majored in mechanics were 60, while students who majored in
5. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 44
marketing management were 13, and welding 17, etc.
Students’ career covered 25 industries: the automotive industry, household electrical appliances industry,
industrial gases industry, electronics industry, IT industry, machinery manufacturing industry, aerospace industry,
telecommunications industry, civil engineering industry, software industry, catering industry, electric power
industry, financial industry, garment industry, education industry, service industry, advertising media industry,
film and television industry, agriculture industry, retail industry, transportation industry, medicine industry,
FMCG industry, real estate industry and chemical industry. Among the samples, students who worked in the
automotive industry were 50, while students who worked in the IT industry were 26, and civil engineering 26,
and so on.
3.2 Sample statistics that have credit cards
In 336 overall samples, the number of samples with credit cards was 89, accounted for the overall sample of
26.49%, of whom 24 were female, accounted for 26.97%, 65 males, 73.03%. The point here need to explain was
that from the 100 questionnaires recovered from Dalian, nearly 45% of the respondents had credit cards, that
was to say, among89 students with credit cards, nearly half were from the universities in Dalian, which
suggested that the city’s economic environment and financial market had strong impact on the application for
credit card. In addition, distribution of card issuing banks that respondents who had a credit card now often use
is shown in table 2.
Table 2. The frequently used credit card issuers’ distribution
Banks Number
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 32
Agricultural Bank of China 25
Bank of China 32
China Construction Bank 23
Citibank 1
China Everbright Bank 4
Bank of Communications 10
Industrial Bank 5
China Minsheng Bank 2
China Merchants Bank 6
Postal Savings Bank of China 5
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank 4
Shenzhen Development Bank 5
China Guangfa Bank 1
Table 2 suggested that most of respondents chose the five biggest state-owned banks. The respondents
preferred state-owned holding banks with strong strength, security, large number of service branches and wide
geographical coverage. However, service satisfaction and consumption transparency were important factors that
affect the frequent use of credit cards. Other credit card banks also focused on the reason of credit cards
application and dissatisfaction factors. Starting from the intention, marketing accurately, and satisfying the
customers, were the breakthrough points of credit card business for other commercial banks and the necessary
source of the competitive advantages.
6. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 45
IV. Exploratory statistical analysis of survey results
The analysis focused on the information of respondents who had not owned credit cards yet. The main
methods were reliability and validity analysis, exploratory factor analysis.
4.1 Reliability and validity analysis of the questionnaire
(1) Reliability analysis
Reliability meant the index of the true degree of the measured data obtained during the measurement of the
scale used in the study, that is, the reliability and accuracy of the application of scale measurement [14]
. In this
study, the measurement of reliability adopted reliability coefficient Cronbach consistency values, which were
most commonly used at present to measure the structure. In this study, the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability
coefficient of 247 copies of an 18 questions questionnaire was 0.841, and if any one item was deleted, the
remaining 17 questions’ reliability coefficients were all above 0.8, thus, the questionnaire reached the acceptable
level of reliability. See Table 3showedmore details.
Table 3. Confidence level
Reliability statistics
Cronbach’s Alpha Number of items
.841 18
(2) The validity analysis
This article checked the conformity between the measured results and the contents to be examined, namely
whether there was any correlation of the measure questions, mainly through Bartlett’s test of sphericity and
KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) sample measure. Only when the correlation was high, factors analysis would be
allowed.
According to Table 4, KMO value of 0.846, based on the standard of KMO measure, it was suitable for
factors analysis. What’s more, the significant probability of Bartlett’s test of sphericity P (Sig) = 0.000 <0.0001,
which proved that the data were relevant and suitable for factor analysis.
Table 4. KMO and Bartlett test
KMO and Bartlett’s test
Sampling sufficient degree of Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure .846
Bartlett’s test of sphericity
Approximate chi-square 1112.719
df 153
Sig. .000
4.2 Factor analysis of the questionnaire
The validity analysis above indicated that the measured results were highly consistent with the contents to be
examined and factor analysis was suitable.
To support the data analysis and simplify the data presentation, the question number of 18 questions was
respectively labeled , , , , … in order.
Common factor variance (see Table 5) showed that the degree of most extraction about the indicators were
above 0.5, indicating that the four main component factors obtained from factor analysis were able to reflect the
contents of the original 18 indicators better without missing too much significant information.
1a 2a 3a 4a 5a 18a
7. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 46
Table 5. Common factor variance table
Common factor variance
Number Original Value Extraction
a1 1.000 .520
a2 1.000 .603
a3 1.000 .585
a4 1.000 .550
a5 1.000 .506
a6 1.000 .570
a7 1.000 .442
a8 1.000 .504
a9 1.000 .527
a10 1.000 .512
a11 1.000 .439
a12 1.000 .632
a13 1.000 .536
a14 1.000 .451
a15 1.000 .498
a16 1.000 .518
a17 1.000 .376
a18 1.000 .411
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis
Table 6. Rotated component matrix table
Rotating component of a matrix A
Components
1 2 3 4
a9 .719 .033 .093 .026
a6 .713 .137 .207 .001
a3 .642 .004 .413 .036
a13 .621 .383 -.053 -.022
a5 .619 .047 .297 .179
a11 .563 .326 -.108 .059
a7 .473 .343 .069 .309
a16 .433 .354 -.375 .255
a8 -.069 .611 .133 -.329
a18 .166 .599 .025 .158
a14 .244 .595 .186 .045
a15 .467 .515 .069 .096
a10 .151 .486 .462 .201
a17 .085 .444 .214 .355
a1 .240 .118 .668 -.054
8. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 47
a4 .172 .359 .623 .059
a12 .225 .107 -.191 .730
a2 -.153 -.007 .433 .626
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation method: a Kaiser
standardized orthogonal rotation method.
a. rotating after 14 iterations to converge.
In addition, from the rotating component matrix (see Table 6), it was found that results of factor molecules
were four principal component factors extracted, which were denoted , ,
and . The first principal component factor included indicators , , , , , ,
and ; The second principal component factor included indicators , , , ,
and ; The third principal component factor included indicators and ; The fourth principal
component factor contained and . Specific questions of contents were listed in Table 7.
Table 7. The principal components factor specific questions of contents included in each
The first principal component factor Factor_1
You believe there were more bank self-service outlets, the repayment was more
convenient.
You believe the banks were stronger; their credit cards were more secure and reliable.
You believe interest-free period of the credit card is longer, you will be more willing
to use the credit card.
You think your intention of the credit card application mainly relies on the
convenience during the work in the future.
You believe if the bank’s services are not full of humanness, you will abandon the use
of the credit card.
You think the cardholder fees of the credit card (annual fees, report for loss fees) will
seriously affect your selection of the type of the credit card.
You think if the banks are not able to meet your expectations of services, then you
will not hesitate to replace the credit card.
You think you prefer to the credit cards from the biggest five state-owned banks
1_Factor 2_Factor 3_Factor
4_Factor 1_Factor 9a 6a 3a 13a 5a 11a
7a 16a 2_Factor 8a 18a 14a 15a 10a
17a 3_Factor 1a 4a
4_Factor 12a 2a
3a
5a
6a
7a
9a
11a
13a
16a
9. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 48
(Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, Bank of China,
Bank of Communications, China Construction Bank) comparing with the local
commercial banks, credit cards issued by credit unions that they will be more willing to
choose the
Factor_2:
8a
You believe you prefer to the credit cards from foreign banks comparing with
domestic banks.
10a
You believe the better the gifts exchanged by the credits scores, the more frequent
your use of the credit card to accumulate the scores.
14a Your think when the merchants and banks jointly launch the credit card of
membership, you will apply for one additionally for the profits of the discount.
15a
You believe the credit card has the additional services (such as discount of catering
and entertainment, room reservations, installment payment types), it is more attractive for
you.
17a
You believe when you are shopping online, the overdraft of the credit card can
guarantee the safety of your own funds, and this is enough for you to decide to apply for
the credit card.
18a
You believe that when you change your city of life, you would like to bring your ID
card to the local bank for the replacement of the credit card, rather than stop the original
credit card and apply for a new one in other local banks.
Factor_3:
1a You think the higher the limit of your credit card the better.
4a You think the prettier the credit card the more attractive.
Factor_4:
2a You think the possession of the credit card is a status symbol.
12a You think to apply for a credit card in your working city is more convenient than in
the university, even if the fee of the deposit and withdrawal in other cities is fee.
From the table above, it was clearly found that the first principal component factor mainly described the
issuing bank’s strength, service and the charges of applying for a card, and the description on these issues was
strongly agreed or agreed by most respondents, all the proportions of the sum accounted for more than 60%, the
highest even reached 74%. The second principal component factor mainly described some additional functions
and problems associated with applying for a credit card. For example, gifts exchange, promotion in shopping
10. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 49
malls and supermarkets, discount on catering, security issues, and change of permanent residence, on the
expression of these problems, most respondents agreed or generally agreed, and all the proportions of the sum
accounted for more than 60% also. The third principal component factor described the overdraft and the credit
card products itself. On the expression of these two problems, most respondents insisted on general agreement
or disagreement, one of the proportions of the sum was 64.4%, and the other was 57.4%. The fourth principal
component factor described the significance of the function of identity symbol of the credit card and the
cognition of applying at other places. On the expression of these problems, most respondents also held general
agreement or did not agree, one of the proportions of the sum was 66.8%, and the other was 64.2%. Above all
rules, issuing banks might make deep analysis aimed at each principal component factor and develop
corresponding marketing strategy of their own credit cards.
Table 8. Component score coefficient matrix table
Component Score Coefficient Matrix
Ingredients
1 2 3 4
a1 .033 -.065 .389 -.101
a2 -.158 -.085 .262 .489
a3 .242 -.204 .211 -.050
a4 -.060 .092 .330 -.027
a5 .216 -.170 .129 .064
a6 .261 -.108 .060 -.090
a7 .089 .063 -.047 .159
a8 -.148 .404 .020 -.313
a9 .293 -.160 .001 -.057
a10 -.100 .183 .208 .079
a11 .169 .078 -.153 -.037
a12 .013 -.031 -.176 .544
a13 .185 .100 -.128 -.114
a14 -.050 .280 .019 -.052
a15 .068 .190 -.062 -.023
a16 .106 .142 -.323 .136
a17 -.117 .191 .057 .219
a18 -.084 .310 -.081 .049
Extraction method: Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Rotation method: With Kaiser standardized orthogonal rotation method
Constituent score.
Finally, from the component score coefficient matrix (Shown in table 8) the load of each index on each
principal component factor could be worked out. That is, getting the correlation regression equation between
each index and principal component factors.
11. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 50
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Through the analysis of the four regression equations, it was found that each index factor has different effect
on factors when it was plus or minus. When the index factor was plus, the factor had a positive correlation; on
the contrary had negative correlation. Meanwhile, the absolute values of index factors also generated different
impact. The larger the absolute value was, the greater the effect would be; otherwise, the smaller. Here, the
detailed analysis of the equation (1) would enlighten the analysis of equation (2), (3) and (4).
In equation (1), through the regression equation containing strength, service and cost, it was found that a3
and a9 made up a large proportion and their coefficients were plus, which meant that the larger the number of
bank self-service outlets were and the higher the humanization degree of bank service was. Moreover, the larger
the values of this factor were, the more beneficial to improve the bank’s attraction and the better to encourage
more college students to apply for credit cards or handle other business. When the coefficient of the index a11
was minus, the higher the card fees were, the lower the value of regression equation would be, causing the
reduction of the credit card attraction, which was bad for the promotion of the credit card business. In this
equation, a5, a6, a7, a13, a16 had a little influence on these factors, while other indexes’ influence degree could
be ignored.
Based on the analysis thought and approach of Factor_1, more comprehensive understanding and analysis
could be carried out on the regression equation of Factor_2 (additional functions and issues factor), Factor_3
(the credit card product factor) and Factor_4 (status symbol and business location factor), which would be
omitted due to the limited space.
V. The marketing strategy analysis of the credit card banks
In recent years, the main targets of credit cards are the working staff in post with stable revenue and better
career prospects, while college students’ market has almost been abandoned. However, the market of those
students possessing signed employment contracts was a neglected “big cake” for a long time existing between
the both sides. According to the analysis results, the topic following would focus on providing some
corresponding advices for credit card banks to walk into this market around “7P”.
5.1 Product strategy
To attract the young with creativity, the key is creativity itself, but up to now, the credit cards of different
1817161514
13121110987
654321
0.084a-0.117a-0.106a+0.068a+0.050a-
0.185a+0.013a+0.169a+0.100a-0.293a+0.148a-0.089a+
0.261a+0.216a+0.060a-0.242a+0.158a-a033.01_ =Factor
1817161514
13121110987
654321
0.310a+0.191a+0.142a+0.190a+0.280a+
0.100a+0.031a-0.078a+0.183a+0.160a-0.404a+0.063a+
0.108a-0.170a-0.092a+0.204a-0.085a--0.065a2_ =Factor
1817161514
13121110987
654321
0.081a-0.057a+0.323a-0.062a-0.019a+
0.128a-0.176a-0.153a-0.208a+0.001a+0.020a+0.047a-
0.060a+0.129a+0.330a+0.211a+0.262a+0.389a3_ =Factor
1817161514
13121110987
654321
0.049a+0.219a+0.136a+0.023a-0.052a-
0.114a-0.544a+0.037a-0.079a+0.057a-0.313a-0.159a+
0.090a-0.064a+0.027a-0.050a-0.489a+-0.101a4_ =Factor
12. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 51
banks appear to be seriously homogeneous. Those college students who will graduate soon are the main force of
using credit card in the future. Therefore, based on their special consumption habits and consumer demands,
developing innovative products and additional services will be the root for the bank to occupy the market.
Payment and credit are two core functions. In terms of payment, the savings credit card can be introduced
based on the consumer’s habit of “make ends meet”. When the credit card is maxed out, the bank will notify the
customer and return the money by the saving account automatically. In the case of credit, based on the condition
of the graduating students with high expense but low disposable income, the bank may introduce a
multi-category installment business and develop a relatively long “interest-free repayment period”. What’s more,
the survey found that additional services to meet customers’ needs are also the important factor for credit cards
application.
5.2 Price strategy
Price is the most intuitive and sensitive factor. From the results of the study, most seniors having signed an
employment contract attached great importance to the credit card fee, which meant it would be much helpful for
attracting this seniors market to give a certain discount or even discharge the credit card fee. Through the
investigation and study, banks can establish a suitable price system for the contracted seniors and use
management accounting methods to account credit card costs and income to achieve a single product accounting,
and then formulate the price adapting to this market.
Beyond that, with the gradual stability of the income, the contracted seniors will require the improvement of
the services quality gradually. Then the banks need to introduce appropriate additional services to meet their
emotional and psychological satisfaction. In this way, even if there is a competitive alternative, the satisfaction
and emotional attachment accumulated during the cardholders’ previous experiences will become a barrier to
make the change, and their intention of continuing to use the existing credit card in the future will also be
improved consequently and the unstable customers turn into long-term stable clients [15]
.
5.3 Channel strategy
Because of their unstable income, the number of college students who apply for credit cards proactively is
small. So according to their existing card using features, it will be a good choice to take multi-channels direct
marketing supplemented by network marketing (credit card forum, post bar and websites for college students) at
the same time. It should be noted that the gift is only a supplementary means of marketing, which can attract the
application for cards, but cannot make the client retain. Only providing typical products, personalized and
people-oriented services are the ways of credit card marketing.
In addition, “convenience” is also an important factor affecting the respondents. Banks should focus on the
distribution of outlets, the development of a variety of repayment methods and the simplification of repayment
procedures to facilitate customers to handle quickly the business at any time everywhere. Besides, they should
pay attention to the combination of telephone and network services. Overall, the issuing banks should enrich the
ways and methods to handle business as many as possible and handle the business more conveniently and
quickly, reducing the error rate of handling business in various ways and the “sleep card” ratio.
5.4 Promotion strategy
There are diverse strategies for promotion, but the key is to get close to the target markets’ life. For example,
respondents said the promotion activities about life, entertainment, catering, and shopping mall and super
markets are more attractive than accumulating scores for exchanging gifts, but now the starting score of this
service is too high for the contracted students. Therefore, a more reasonable score service should be introduced
to the card holder group of college students, and the use of credit card can be stimulated by gaining multiple
points and preferential gift exchange.
13. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 52
The study also found that many of the respondents had no knowledge of credit cards. Given this, card issuers
can cooperate with companies and universities to implement financial education during the job fair. With the
help of the media of universities and enterprises, bank scan promotes the credit card by activities on campus and
business activities. These measures can set up a positive image of the bank brand and the products subtly to
activate neutral people of cardholders, change their negative attitude of credit cards, and guide the young people
who will step into the society to have a correct attitude regarding with self-credit problem.
5.5 Physical evidence strategy
At present, the functions of different credit cards are seriously homogeneous, which leads to the customers’
ambiguous impression and low loyalty to the credit card brand. The survey found that the contracted students’
application for cards had been affected by “brand effect”. Therefore, on the one hand, the bank can build brand
effect and strengthen brand construction through advertising, celebrity recommendation and other marketing
activities. At the same time, banks should improve the quality of service, to guarantee the rights of cardholders,
cultivate brand loyalty, and build a brand sense of belonging [16]
.
In addition, based on designing logo and building the core values, banks also need carry out publicity and
education in various outlets allowing employees to insist on the maintenance and practice in order to make it
become the symbol of bank’s brand and convey the bank’s culture to customer. For example, the flower of
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China is “sunflower”. These sunflowers facing to “the sun” are assigned at
each outlets of the bank expressing the company culture of “change because of you” in silence.
5.6 People strategy
The credit card offers a series of financial services. The invisibility of banking services and the simultaneity
of production and consumption make the service personnel become the basis of the services quality perceived
and evaluated by the customers. In commercial banks, the quality of front-line service personnel will directly
affect customers’ satisfaction.
Every staff member working in the bank is a representative of the bank in the eyes of the customer, and their
appearance and code of conduct directly affect the customer’s recognition of the bank services. Therefore, the
bank needs to improve the service quality of the whole team by training the employees in service attitude,
communication skills and business quality[17]
.
5.7 Process strategy
The survey found that the speed of handling business deeply influenced the respondents’ liking for the credit
card in subconscious level. The customer evaluates the service quality of the bank not only considering if the
service is finally provided, but also considering whether the service process of the bank is designed reasonably
and whether the service environment is pleasant or not. The facts that the process design is unreasonable, and
the procedures are cumbersome or inefficient can often lead to the dissatisfaction of customers.
Therefore, the key of the marketing aiming at contracted seniors who have not deal with a credit card is to
convey emphatically information about the types of ways to handle the business, the accuracy and speed of the
business handling. Even the data can be used to support the promotion, such as the number of applying for
mobile phone banks, the average time of handling the banking online and so on.
VI. Acknowledgement
Sponsored by the Humannities and Social Sciences Planning Research Project of Harbin Institute of
Technology (HIT.HSS.201707), the Cooperative Education Project of the Ministry of Education
(201702036011, 201702038048).
Special thanks to Xu Xiaowo, Wang Shiyu and Zhang Xin who contributed in this paper.
14. A Survey of Contracted Seniors’ First Credit Card Choosing Intentions and the Analysis of Issuing
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 53
References
[1.] Han Ningning. Perceive the credit card market of college students in China [J]. China Credit Card.
2006, (11): 47-50.
[2.] Fan Chunmei. Research on the factors influencing the behavioral intention of the use of credit cards by
college students [D]. Southwest Jiaotong University, 2006.
[3.] Xie Han, Ji Yufeng. Rethink the halt of college student credit cards [J]. Economic Forum. 2010, (1):
57-59.
[4.] Ucal, Meltem, O'Neil, Mary Lou, Cankaya, Cankaya, Serkan. Effects of gender on credit card usage
among college students in Turkey [J]. African Journal of Business Management. 2011, (22):
9023-9030.
[5.] Zhao Wenjing, Zhang Yuqin. Review of researches on college student credit cards [J]. Journal of
economics & Management. 2010, (3): 63-65.
[6.] Jing J. Xiao, Franziskae Norin, Joan G. Anderson. College students’ attitudes towards credit cards [J].
Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics. 1995, (19): 155-174.
[7.] Joyce E. Jones. College students’ knowledge and use of credit [J]. Association for Financial Counseling
and Planning Education. 2005, (16): 9-16.
[8.] Richard Cebula. Current issues in financial economics: an overview [J]. International Atlantic
Economic Society. 2011, (39): 1-57.
[9.] Chen Qin, Fan Zhuqing. The risk and evasion of college students credit cards: a case study on the
students in Fuzhou city [J]. Finance and Economy. 2015, (1): 52-54.
[10.] Zhang Yunqi. Management of marketing risk [M]. Higher Education Press. 2011.
[11.] Qian Anqi, Xu Xiaolong. Practical research on the influence factors of the application of college
student credit cards [J]. Finance Theory & Practice. 2011, (1): 112-114.
[12.] Zhou Tianyun, Tu Luyao. Practical research on the factors influencing the attitude of the college
students to the credit cards [J]. Business Management. 2011, (11): 29-32.
[13.] Gou Ying, Sun Yingjuan. Research on the risk management of college student credit cards [J]. Finance
and Economy. 2013, (11): 42-44.
[14.] Mao Lin. Research on the using behavior of credit cards by the college students in Chengdu [D].
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, 2009.
[15.] Wang Dahai, Zheng Yuxiang. Cause analysis and research on marketing strategy of credit cards using
intention [J]. Shanghai Finance. 2011, (2): 76-82.
[16.] Peng Fang. The preliminary research on the credit education existing in the usage of college student
credit cards [J]. Modern Business. 2013, (12): 61-63.
[17.] Zhou Ge. The Marketing Strategy of college student credit cards [J]. Co-operative Economy & Science,
2007, (18): 30-31.