A Report On Nigerian Government

A Report On Nigerian Government
Due to Nigeria's corrupt government, their citizens are deprived of the steadly revenue that the
country makes thru the oil companies operating in their country. Most profits are taken from the
public and are kept held with Nigerian officials. People in the Nigeria are currently living in extreme
poverty. Government officials are taking all of the profits made from the sales of oil leads to a
horrible infrastructure. Nigerian citizens are unable to have access to electricity and water. On
another note, CIA World Factbook states that the literacy rate in Nigeria is currently seventy–two
percent and females at fifty percent (CIA Work Factbook). Due to the corruption of government
officials, making it hard for Nigeria to create growth within ... Show more content on
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(Parrish 1)
Shell has and is continually trying to decrease the level of corruption in the workplace by setting
strict consequences for any violations of the set principles. In July 2009, Shell participated taking
money and cheating buyers by selling less amounts of gas at a higher price. BBC News reported that
Shell admits to fueling corruption. There have been several claims of employees giving and
receiving gifts, as well as participating in the collection of facilitation payments. For the Nigerian
people, building strong relationships among the workplace is important, especially when it comes to
top management. Business etiquette in Nigeria also consists of honesty, but because poverty is so
high in Nigeria bribery has taken a toll in the workplace. Internally, there is a lot of illegal gifting
and monetary bribery among lower level employees and top management in exchange for
promotions. Externally, Shell Nigeria has even gone as far as accepting forms of bribery from
outside buyers in exchange for business deals. HR is majorly impacted by Shell Nigeria's actions.
Because Shell sets high principles for their employees to follow, they expect their employees to
know and abide by these standards.
Discrimination Within Employees According to John Donovan from Royal Dutch Shell PLC, the
Dutch Commission For Equal Treatment (THE CGB)
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

First Generation Nigerian Immigrants
get older because they feel the children have a solid foundation academically and are responsible.
Like Amy Chua, Nigerian Parents "assume strength not fragility" (Chua, 2011 p.52). Nigerian
parents/student immigrants understand this because of where they come from. For all
Nigerian/African immigrants, America is deemed as the land of opportunity and so there is no room
for failure when transitioning from no opportunity to many opportunities and possibilities. "Believe
that their kids owe them everything" (Chua,2011, p.53). I find similarities in this statement by Amy
because again Nigeria is still going through many economic issues and first generation Nigerian
Immigrants did not have an easy life, so they look to their children to do far

Development of Nigerian Labour Congress
BACKGROUND TO THE FORMATION OF NLC Labour organization in Nigeria dates back to
1912 when the workers in the Civil Service under the then Colonial administration organized
themselves into workers representatives. This then became known as the Nigeria Civil Service
Union. This led the way for workers in other sectors to agitate for the formation of Trade Unions
before and after independence in 1960. By 1975 during the Military regime of General Murtala
Mohammed, Trade Unions in the country had risen to over 1000 which include Mushroom Unions.
In 1976, the Government established a Commission of inquiry into the activities of the various
Unions and appointed an administrator to oversee the unions and come up with a structure for the ...
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More than that, it has helped shape political, social and economic experience by going to the
trenches on issues like June 12, petroleum products prices deregulation, and minimum wage and the
current removal of subsidy debate. In these processes, labour leaders have attained national and
global recognition. Icons like Michael Imoudu, Hassan Adebayo Sunmonu, Wahab Goodluck, Ali
Chiroma, Pascal Bafyau, and Adams Oshiomhole are now household names. Such is the impact of
the NLC on national life in Nigeria. CHALLENGES TO THE EMERGENCE OF NLC AS A
CENTRAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION IN NIGERIA Despite the much that the labour
movements have achieved, there are obvious yawns. In discussing the challenges to the
development of the NLC as a central labour organization in Nigeria, it is important to understand the
context it has operated in Nigeria. According to Iyayi (2008), the most important elements in the
context in which NLC has operated and will continue to operate are: (i) trends and developments in
the international economy and politics (ii) the nature and level of development of the Nigerian
economy; (iii) the nature and character of the Nigerian state, (iv) the nature and character of the
ruling class and (iv) the level of development and organization of Nigeria's progressive forces.
These factors have been crucial to the development of the

The Crisis Of The Nigerian Economy
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Economy of many nations is currently at distress due to current plunge of oil price the international
market. This sink in crude oil price produces an economic shock especially to the poor and
developing Countries that depend on crude oil revenues to balance their budgets (Iwayemi, &
Fowowe, 2011; also see Effiong, 2014). Nigeria, being one of those nations, is currently
experiencing economic crisis. For instance, many states in the federation presently can no longer
pay their employees' salaries or provide basic services to their citizens. They are borrowing money
or requesting for bailout from the Federal government to fulfill their obligations to their people. The
shocking effects of this oil price drop extended ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, over dependent on crude oil revenues to balance the budget, lack of diversification of
economy, and mismanagement of the revenues from crude oil sales. Others issues include oil thefts,
pipeline vandalization, dwindling of oil revenue in the country contributed to the problem. For
example, Shuaibu, & Mohammed, (2014), point out that, "over–reliance on crude oil for over 90
percent of Nigeria 's foreign exchange earnings makes its external account susceptible to
international crude oil price fluctuations". The large amount of proceeds earned from oil boom years
were not properly utilized for meaningful and sustainable development, as such, poverty continued
to be in the rise and people remain deprived of efficient energy services and sustainable livelihoods.
The crude oil glut therefore induced huge dislocation in the economy, joined with gross
mismanagement of resources and resulted into borrowing leading to increase in external debt.
Abam, et al (2014) agreed that the high proceeds obtained from crude oil export in all the boom
years brought about an unsustainable spending profile, which led to economic catastrophe when
global petroleum prices crashed in 1986 and other subsequent years (Nigeria–Economy 2005;
Suleiman, 2010). Some experts believed that Nigerian current woes are caused by resource curse or
Dutch disease, while others argued that problem is caused by

The Nigerian Virus
The virus began its insidious spread through the country's various populations and communities. The
virus systematically spread through the entire Nigerian social fabric, affecting men and women
across all social strata. Nigeria is located in West Africa with a population of more than 170 million
people (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). It is diverse country with more than 374 ethnic groups,
500 indigenous languages, and various religions (National Population Commission (NPC), 2009).
When the Nigerian public was informed about the presence of this virus in their country, they were
doubtful and astonished. AIDS was perceived to be a American disease. Adolescents were very
sceptical about the virus in their environment. They interpreted it

Enron: the Nigerian Barge Deal
April 4, 2006
0
1 Introduction: The Nigerian Barge Deal
Enron Corporation was an energy company based in Texas and created when InterNorth acquired
Houston Natural Gas Company in 1985. Enron's growth was fast, it was named
America's Most Innovative Company" for six consecutive years and it soon became the seventh
largest company in the United States, until its bankruptcy was declared in 2001.
Accounting fraud, money laundering and conspiracy are some of the charges which Enron stood
accused of in a series of scandals that nally came to a head in the largest bankruptcy in history.
One of these scandals was named the Nigerian Barges case ([Fleischer1, 2005]). Enron tried to sell
an interest in three power–generating barges in the coast of ... Show more content on
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Merrill Lynch's main interest was to accommodate a very important client, as Enron paid millions in
fees to Merrill
2
Lynch ([Glisan, 2003]). Furthermore, it can be considered that there was an agreement between
Enron and Merrill Lynch in this contract, since the latter accepted the o er and all the conditions of
the former.
The second requirement that needs to be ful lled by the parties in the contract is the consideration,
which speci es what is exchanged, i.e., as commented in [Cornell, 2005], the bene t or detriment
which a party receives which reasonably and fairly induces them to make the promise/contract".
Consideration can involve a wide group of things, everything that has a value and is involved in the
contract. Money is one of the main factors. The contract between Enron and Merrill Lynch allowed
Enron to perceive seven million dollars from Merrill Lynch, which acquired an interest in the three
barges in Nigeria. Those millions of dollars helped Enron to in ate its earnings since that transaction
was considered by Enron as a sale, and not as a loan. This constitutes the main problem of the
contract, since the prosecutors were essentially charged for not following basic accounting rules.
Consideration of the contract also includes the interest that Merrill Lynch purchased, including the
22:5% of pro t that
Merrill Lynch made. Finally, Andrew Fastow's

The Culture Of The Nigerian Culture In Nigeria
Introduction
I have always wondered what it would like to be from another country. Since, recently I have
become a mother to a half Nigerian child; I wanted to know more about the culture. My first thought
the climate was irregular than the United States. My second thought was when I decided for Ayolola
(which means joy and strong) to meet her family it would have be when the temperature was fair.
My third and final thought was Nigerian food was disgusted, however while with child, I became in
love with the food. In this paper the reader will see Nigeria from a true native eyes, learn facts about
Nigeria and lastly will receive my overall review of the country.
Interview
During my interview with Khalid Abdul, we discussed the tribes, recipes, jobs, religion,
transportation and schooling in Nigeria. He said, "Four major tribes were Igbo, Yoruba, Hausa and
Ijaw" (Abdul, 2017). Hausa was located in the northern part of Nigeria. There were six dishes that
he loved the most which were Jolf rice, fufu, yams, Asun, and beans. Jolf rice is made with rice,
spices of one choice, salt and pepper. Fufu is made with cassava oil, Spanish stew, salt, pepper, bell
peppers, onions, and any type of meat. Yams and eggs are made with seasoning, eggs, and African
yams. Designer stew is made with green bell pepper, jalapeño peppers; assorted meats except
chicken, onions and seasoning. Asun is made with goats, seasoning and onions. The last dish is bean
which is made with African beans, salt,

Challenges to Nigerian Housing Policies
Challenges to Providing Affordable Housing in Nigeria
By Akeju, Ajibola Andrew
Economic Specialist
US Embassy, Abuja
Being a Paper Presented at the 2nd Emerging Urban Africa
International Conference on Housing Finance in Nigeria,
Held at Sehu Yar'adua Center Abuja, October 17–19, 2007
Introduction
Housing is one of the most basic of human needs. Provision of houses through the creation of
mortgages is taken for granted in developed countries; however, it remains a major challenge in
developing countries, especially in sub–Saharan Africa.
All governments in Nigeria since independence highlighted housing as a major priority.
Unfortunately for over 47 years of its independence, Nigeria is yet to develop a vibrant mortgage
market and houses ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Registering Property
According to the World Bank's report "Doing Business in 2007 – How to Reform", Nigeria's
reforms have led to a reduction in the time required to complete the process of property registration
from
274 to 80 days, but a lot still needs to be done because it takes only 1 day in some other countries
such as Norway and Singapore. We should however note that part of the reduction in time is likely
as a result of improvements in property registration which has been implemented in Abuja and in
Lagos as well. In fact the "Doing Business" indication of 80 days is based on a test case of property
registration in Lagos. I urge other state governments to replicate the improvements achieved in the
Abuja Geographic Information System (AGIS) and Lagos State in their various states. Investors are
comfortable in environments where registration is automated and procedures are minimal, and will
be glad to invest in such places.
Automation though important, should be accompanied by changes in work culture in government
registries. The time taken to register property must be substantially reduced. The current time taken
is definitely unacceptable if we want to attract private investment.
The fees paid to register property in Nigeria are extremely high and have

The Internationalisation Process Of Nigerian Firms
The main objective of this study is to investigate the internationalisation process of Nigerian firms
empirically as this is one of the few studies that have taken this approach in the context of the study
using seven case firms. As agreed with the case firms and the University of Huddersfield ethics
committee, a pseudonym approach is applied to keep the real names of the firms anonymous; the 7
Nigerian case firms pseudonym is ADG, BDM, CCR, DET, ENA, FCW and GAB. In comparison to
other large emerging markets and developed economies Nigerian firms are still in an early stage of
development as most sectors of the economy are in their infancy stage. The firms' expansion
behaviours both domestically and internationally would to some extent have an impact on or alter
the mainstream internationalisation process theories. Three research questions were developed to
address the objectives of this study (1) Do existing internationalisation theories explain the
internationalisation process of Nigerian firms? (2) How do emerging markets multinationals evolve
and expand over time? (3) How do EMNCs internationalise at the early stage of their foreign
expansion? With a study design using multiple data collection methods, the appropriate data analysis
technique is paramount to enhance the study quality as well as achieve the study objectives. Yin,
(2014) asserts that data analysis is through "examining, categorising, tabulating" and recombining of
data from various sources of evidence

Dutch And Nigerian Weddings Essay
Over the last couple of weeks I have been studying the subject of Dutch and Nigerian weddings. I
looked at photographs, a short movie and websites on the topic. I also interviewed some Dutch
people that used to live in Nigeria. I have come the conclusion that Dutch and Nigerian weddings
are very different although there might be some similarities. In the paragraphs below I will elaborate
on the similarities and differences.
To start off with, engagement is crucial for a wedding to happen and the first step you take toward
getting married. Traditionally in the Netherlands you propose which means to get down on one knee
and ask someone to marry you. In the Netherlands it is traditional to propose in a nice restaurant or a
place with a beautiful view. This is completely ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Dutch weddings it is traditional that both parties share the price evenly. While in Nigeria it is
normal for the wedding to be paid by both families together except for the introduction. The
introduction is an informal meeting of both families. This is different because in the Netherlands the
families would already be very familiar with each other. This is because in the Netherlands the soon
to be married would already be with each other for a long time in which the families meet. In
Nigeria the bride pays for the introduction and the groom can help out with the cost if he wants to.
In the Netherlands the cost is usually pretty much always shared equally. In Nigeria there is also a
tradition of showering the bride in money for good luck. This only happens in Nigeria and not in the
Netherlands in any way. In Nigeria people tend to give money as a gift but in the Netherlands they
usually give presents. (The movie: The Mother of George, the article: Nigerian Traditional Wedding
Introduction, website: http://www.worldwedding

Nigerian Diaspora And The African Diaspora
I am a part of the Nigerian diaspora, one of the millions of Nigerians living in a foreign nation. I
moved to the United States at the age of 8 and since then, the Nigerian culture I had known and
brought with me has changed and adapted to the dominant culture of the USA. Many Nigerian
families and communities abroad are faced with the same internal struggle of holding onto their
traditional cultural values, while ensuring enough adaptation into the dominant culture. Due to the
diversity of nations Nigerian migrants have settled in, the end result, a hyphenated Nigerian identity,
differs greatly across continents and countries. Through the Frances L. Phillips scholarship, I would
like the opportunity to explore the Nigerian diaspora communities in 6 different Western Europe
countries and how these communities have shifted and adapted due to the dominant culture in the
countries.
I would like to explore the diaspora communities in in Italy, Ireland, The Netherlands, Austria,
France and Belgium. These six countries are the top European destinations for Nigerian migrants,
excluding the United Kingdom. While in these countries, I hope to discover the changes that have
occurred to surface cultural attributes such as food, and attire. How have traditional Nigerian meals
and dishes been recreated and fused with the popular staples/dishes of the particular country I am
in? Other questions and topics I hope to explore are how is traditional Nigerian fashion integrated
into the

Nigerian Immigrants: A Qualitative Study
I have read and provided you feedback on your attached Thesis chapters. Overall, this is an
important study that has great potential to understand the decision–making process of Nigerian
immigrants in the US who have to make the difficult choice of sex reassignment for their intersex
children.
You will note that I have provided comments about clarifying and revising language to align with
your study purpose and goals. For example, phrases such as "factors that influence" or words like
"impact" are firmly situated in the positivist paradigm of research. Given that your study is located
in the interpretive paradigm of research you will want to use phrases like "gain an understanding of
decision–making..." or words like "perceptions of " or "experiences with" and so on. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, there are four major types of qualitative research approaches (i.e., phenomenology,
ethnography, grounded theory, and case study). Each approach has a design strategy, data collection
and field work strategies, and analysis strategies. From what I gather, your "qualitative" study aligns
closely with a phenomenological approach that seeks to describe one or more individuals'
experiences of a phenomenon; in your case, the phenomenon is the sex reassignment decision–
making process among Nigerian immigrants in the US who have intersex children. A
phenomenology study uses in–depth interviewing (questions that probe at understanding the essence
of the phenomenon of interest) with up to 10–15 people, which is what you have proposed.
Interview data are analyzed by using thematically analysis techniques by listing important
statements, determine the meaning of statements, and identifying the essence of the

The Importance Of The Nigerian Education System
An experience I feel fortunate to have had is the Nigerian education system. As a result of my
journey through the flawed but wholesome education system, I have developed many skills at such a
young age. I have learned to take initiative in my classes, because, a common tradition in Nigerian
schools is for teachers to test students on topics not covered and justify those actions by giving
students a scheme of work, which is essentially a list of topics to be covered in the school year.
Going through this system, I have learned to befriend older students and ask them for their notes, to
study, as the Nigerian school curriculum hasn't changed in 50 years, much like the stance on
corporal punishment in schools. According to my parents I had it easy as in their time both girls and
boys were whipped on their rear but currently girls are hit on their palms, fingertips, and their legs,
which is progress. However, the instruments of pain have not changed as, students are hit with
cables, kobokos, omoroguns and pankeres. I personally have a memento of a beating gone wrong in
the form of a scar. The beating gone wrong happened when I was 4 and a teacher hit me so hard, my
head was knocked toward the corner of my desk where an exposed nail ripped the skin of my jaw.
Interestingly, this was one of the main motivations behind my wanting to be a pediatrician because I
was stitched without anesthesia while being held down by four nurses. While the Nigerian education
system has its flaws, I

Personal Experience: Nigerian Immigrants
Where are you from? It is a simple question yet; it is difficult to answer as an immigrant who has
lived in multiple places. I was born in Lagos, Nigeria. A few years after my birth, my dad's job
required my family to move to the United States. My family first "settled" down in Walnut Creek,
California; however, less than a year later, we moved down to Houston where just like in California,
we lived for less than a year before being catapulted to the beautiful yet cold country to the north of
the border: Canada. After living in so many places and being exposed to many different societies, I
never found a culture that I fully identified with. Instead, I now identify as not only a first generation
Nigerian immigrant but also as a global citizen. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At home, my parents taught me the Nigerian way of life. I ate Nigerian food and learned about
Nigerian history, and I also tried to learn the language of Nigeria, Yoruba, with limited success.
However, at school, I was immersed in the American way of life. I ate American food, such as hot
dogs or cheeseburgers at school instead of the Nigerian food, I ate at home and I learned about US
history instead of Nigerian history. After living in California for a year, we moved to Texas, where I
was exposed to the Southern culture. After a year in Texas, I was already saying "Y'all" and I had
adopted some of the Southern traditions, such as being very respectful and using "Ma'am" and "Sir"
when talking to

A Report On Nigerian Training Framework
Presentation
Training is said to be act or procedure of bestowing or securing general learning, building up the
forces of thinking and judgment, and by and large of setting oneself up or others mentally for
experienced life. The Ministry of Education is responsible for instruction in Nigeria. The instruction
framework in Nigeria is separated into Kindergarten, essential training, auxiliary training and
tertiary training.
Foundation Problem
The present example of Nigeria training framework, especially the tertiary association has been an
issue of sensitivity toward the administration, accomplices, educationists, managers (home and
abroad), graduates and diverse foundations. This paper looked present example of tertiary training
similarly as instructive modules, educators, understudies, subsidizing, offices, mechanical
coordinated efforts and also indicating systems with the point of view of proposing the way ahead.
Writing Review
Nigeria is as often as possible implied as the "Mammoth of Africa", inferable from its inconceivable
people and economy. With around 184 million occupants, Nigeria is the most jammed country in
Africa and the seventh most swarmed country on the planet. Nigeria has one of the greatest masses
of youth on the planet.
Starting 2015, Nigeria was named the world 's twentieth greatest economy, worth more than $500
billion and $1 trillion to the extent apparent GDP and purchasing power balance exclusively. It
surpassed South Africa to twist up

Nigerian Culture Essay
The country of Nigeria is located in West Africa, sharing land borders with Chad, Niger, Benin, and
Cameroon. The country covers 923,768 square kilometers, making it the 32nd largest nation in the
world. This is the most populous country in Africa with more than 160 million people living there.
Nigeria has three major ethnic groups the Hausa–Fulani, the Igbo, and the Yoruba. These Three
groups constitute about 70 percent of the population (Chigozie, 2016).
Understanding the Nigerian culture, one must first understand what defines culture. Culture is a
system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviors, and artifacts that members of a society use to
cope with their world and with one another. Through matters of culture, society finds meaning in
ideas, norms, rituals, and codes of behavior. Social structure refers to the relations of people within a
system of groups. Social structure and culture are also mutually dependent and reinforcing. A
change in one results in a change in the other (Army, 2006). Nigeria population's has both Christians
and Muslims in a nearly equal ratio, with a small percentage of the population following other
religious beliefs such as indigenous faiths or no affiliations at all. Islam arrived in Nigeria in the
11th and 12th centuries through trade and migration. Several Islamic reform movements have taken
place in Nigeria since the late 1970s, including the Izala movement, Maitatsine, as well as the Darul
Islam. The early movement's

Student Unrest in Nigerian Universities
© Kamla–Raj 2005
J. Soc. Sci., 10(1): 17–22 (2005)
Student Unrest in Nigerian Universities: Looking Back and Forward
Oyaziwo Aluede, Basil Jimoh, Beatrice O. Agwinede and Eunice O. Omoregie Department of
Educational Foundations, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B. 14, Ekpoma 310001, Ekpoma, Nigeria
E–mail: oyaziwoaluede@yahoo.com
KEYWORDS Student unrest; student services; student personnel administration; universities
ABSTRACT The authors examined the policies and factors that have in the past and at the present
precipitated student unrest in Nigerian university campuses. Predictions about the policies that are
likely to produce student protest in Nigerian university campuses in the near future are advanced.
Nigerian higher educational ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Similarly, Ajuluchukwu 1962 (as cited in Onwuejeogwu, 1991) note that from the inception, the
National Union of Nigerian Students (NUNS) embarked upon deliberate campaigns of fostering
national consciousness and inspiring a strong sense of militancy in the Nigerian people's liberation
struggle (Aluede, 1995; Babatope, 1974). Babatope (1974) and Onwuejeogwu (1991) note that the
students' union was born and nurtured in the womb of colonial protest. Hence student unionism was
more of a protest union rather than student union, which was aimed at far reaching changes in the
society. One incident of student unrest in 1960 was essentially due to students' dissatisfaction with
government insensitivity to national issues, and its inability to address them appropriately. Nigerian
students aware of the British government's intention to establish a military base in Nigeria and by so
doing perpetuate a neo–colonial state, decided to stage a protest against the
Table 1: Incidents of student unrest in Nigeria Year 1981 1984 Institutions Ahmadu Bello
University, Zaria Many Nigerian tertiary institutions Many Universities in Nigeria Many Nigerian
Universities Several schools In many parts of Nigeria
proposed Anglo–Nigerian Defence pact in Lagos on November 14, 1960. Another incident was
students' dissatisfaction with newly introduced educational policies. Before independence, only
mature

Nigerian Economy: Macroeconomic Analysis
sisNigeria – Country Report 2012 61310039 Indian School of Business 7/6/2012 Contents
Economic Overview 3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 3 GDP Composition 4 Inflation 4 Shadow
Economy 5 Trade Overview 5 Foreign Debt 7 Labor Market & Human Capital 7 Population
and Income Inequality 8 Unemployment 9 Currency 10 Money Supply and Monetary Control 10
Fiscal policy 12 Exchange rates 12 Interest Rates 13 Foreign Direct Investment 14 Globalization
and Comparative Advantage 14 Conclusion 15 References 16 Economic Overview Nigeria's
economy is estimated to be worth about $262bn, making it one of the largest economies in Africa.
The estimates and analysis of various indicators is discussed in the later sections. The country has ...
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Nigeria figures 133rd on the Doing Business in Index among 183 world economies and 15th among
the 46 sub Saharan African economies. The trade balance of Nigeria for period 2007 to 2011 and
forecasted data for 2012 and 2013 is given below. | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012(F) |
2013(F) | Trade balance | 37,748 | 45,885 | 25,342 | 20,237 | 34,528 | 34,131 | 28,778 | Goods:
exports fob | 66,040 | 85,729 | 56,121 | 73,698 | 103,847 | 114,068 | 111,836 | Goods: imports fob | –
28,291 | –39,844 | –30,779 | –53,461 | –69,319 | –79,937 | –83,058 | Services balance | –16,902 | –
22,113 | –16,479 | –19,231 | –24,761 | –24,278 | –25,914 | Income balance | –11,747 | –15,059 | –
14,404 | –18,623 | –22,905 | –20,913 | –24,624 | Current transfers balance | 18,545 | 19,366 | 18,694 |
20,092 | 25,004 | 27,387 | 28,562 | Current–account balance | 27,643 | 28,079 | 13,153 | 2,476 |
11,867 | 16,327 | 6,802 | Source: Economic Intelligence Unit | Nigeria and its neighboring African
nations have imposed strong continental Trade Barriers which is depriving the continent of new
sources of economic growth, new jobs and leading to a sharp fall in poverty and other factors.
However, many African countries are losing several billions of dollars in potential trade earnings
every year, because of high trade barriers with neighboring countries. It is easier for Africa to trade
with the rest of the world than with itself. The Policy

Nigerian Roads: Economic Problems
Nigerian roads: economic problems
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to god almighty for his grace upon me through the accomplishment of this
work.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I must not fail to acknowledge the immense effort of the following persons who was very
instrumental to the successful accomplishment of this term paper. My parents Mr./Mrs. Akwang, my
lecturers and finally my exponents who helped in broadening my view on the course.
ABSTRAT
This write–up aroused that only purposeful and realistic planning can lay the solid foundation for
sustained economic greatness of the Nigerian roads which will form the base for the coming
generation to build upon. Any thing out side will FAIL. There is urgent need to preach ... Show more
Nigeria has in the year past encountered a lot of depreciation in the economy sector due to bad bard
roads. This work has try to put forth the possible ways of handling this road network problem which
has chased many foreign investors away.
1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS
ECONOMY: this is the state of a country in terms of the production and consumption of goods and
services and the supply of money.
(FMW): Federal Ministry of Works (ERF): European Redistribution Facility.
(PDCMR): planning, design, construction, maintenance, and rehabilitation. This is an international
procedure for the sustenance of any road network. HORRENDOUS STATE: this is the state at
which an issue is very unpleasant or horrifying.
Chapter two
2.1 literature review
This write–up aroused that only purposeful and realistic planning can lay the solid foundation for
sustained economic greatness of the Nigerian roads which will form the base for the coming
generation to build upon. Any thing out side will FAIL. There is urgent need to preach breakage
from past wastefulness, negligence, deceit and bad policy as regard the road network in the country.
The performance of the Nigerian roads sector has not been satisfactory despite its enormous
potentials for growth and development. Perhaps the most serious issue is that the poor transport

facilities and infrastructure have severely delayed economic development and has contributed
negatively to all attempts to alleviate poverty in

History of Nigerian Ports Authority
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
The history of port development in Nigeria dates back to the middle of 19th century. This was long
after the onset of sea borne trade and transactions which followed the adventures of early
explorations on the African coasts. Initial efforts towards provision of facilities for ocean going
vessels were the attempts to open up the entrance to the Lagos Lagoon. Considerable littoral drift
occurred along this coast; and the constantly shifting channels in the bar at the entrance made entry
very difficult.
On February 1, 1914, the first mail–steamer S/S 'AKOKO' drawing 5.64 metres entered the Lagos
harbour. Two months later, vessels began to use the facilities provided at the Customs wharf on
Lagos Island.
Prior to this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Authority also within this period continued to sustain the efforts already made towards
expansion of ports facilities in Lagos and Port Harcourt. In Lagos, six berths of 943 metres were
added to the existing ones, while four berths with a total quay length of 506 metres were added to
the facilities and steps were taken to mechanize the traffic operations in these ports. In this era, port
development approach became tailored along declared national objectives. The Authority's
development strategy became programmed to fall in line with the first National Development Plan –
1962 –1968. The second Apapa Wharf Extension was executed and so also were further
improvements of port facilities in Port Harcourt. The sum N45M was spent during this period on the
two ports.
CIVIL WAR ERA 1967 –1970
This period had tremendous impact on the ports industry in Nigeria. The security aspect of ports
came into sharp focus. Port Harcourt (Rivers Ports) was closed to foreign traffic. Lagos thus became
the only available port serving the country's maritime transportation needs.
The Federal Military Government enacted a special decree which empowered the Nigerian Ports
Authority to acquire the ports of Warri, Burutu and Calabar, previously operated by private
entrepreneurs. Holts Transport were former owners of Warri Port, UAC owned Burutu Port. Calabar
Port was originally owned by five operators. NPA spent N3.35 million at the time to acquire these

The Major Causes Of The Nigerian Civil War
Nigeria, a country known around the world as the most hardworking place in Africa, has steadily
been on the rise. Like any other country, Nigeria has faced problems within its history that has
contributed to the challenges the country faces today. One of the the most notable events within its
history is the civil war that occurred from 1967 to 1970. This war was caused by a variety of
reasons, but the main factor that brought on the onset of the war was cultural tensions. The Nigerian
Civil War can be characterized by a clash of cultures vying for control of the country.
To understand the events that led up to war, you have to understand the colonial history of Nigeria
that contributed to its sectional tensions. Nigeria was carved out of the west of Africa by Britain
without regard for preexisting ethnic, cultural and linguistic divisions. The British combined two
separate provinces to form a single colony that forced over two hundred ethnic and groups to
become a single nation. At the advent of Nigerian independence on 1 October 1960, when Great
Britain gave up colonial power over Nigeria, three regions based on ethnic groupings were created
to comprise the independent nation of Nigeria. Following decades of ethnic tension in colonial
Nigeria, political instability reached a critical mass among independent Nigeria's three dominant
ethnic groups: the Hausa–Fulani in the north, Yoruba in the southwest, and Igbo in the southeast.
Each ethnic group vowed for control of the country after independence leading to a series of coup
and assassination attempts.
The measures each ethnic group took to control power resulted in one of the worst atrocities that
divided the country: the Igbo genocide. Different ethnic groups took punitive measures against the
Igbo. Further anger over the murder of prominent Hausa politicians led to the massacre of scattered
Igbo populations in northern Hausa–Fulani regions. This persecution triggered the move by Igbo
separatists to form their own nation of Biafra the following year.
The consequences of the war included starvation, mass death, and displacement of Igbos. With the
Nigerian blockade cutting off the Biafrans from their expected source of oil revenue, the Biafrans
suffered

Game Of Success Tom : The Nigerian Biafra War, Nigeria 's...
Game of Success TOM: The Nigerian–Biafra War, Nigeria's Civil War.
The inner conflict between the Biafra region and the mainland Nigerian government began
approximately seven years after gaining independence from the British on October 1st, 1960. The
Nigerian Civil War also known as the Nigerian–Biafran War plummeted the country through three
years of unmitigated bloodshed with a death toll of over a million people. The war initiated by the
succession of the southeastern region on May 30th, 1967 declaring itself the Independent Republic
of Biafra.
Growing ethnic tensions within the confines of the colonial Nigeria, as a result of political instability
reached a high upon Nigeria's independence. There are the Hausa–Fulani tribes in the north, the
Yoruba in the southwest and the Igbo in the southeast, consisting of the dominant Nigerian tribes.
However, the 1966 anti–Igbo pogrom in the north initiated the conflict. Muslim Hausas in the
Nigeria's northern region began slaughtering of 10,000 – 30,000 Christian Igbos within the region
between May and September 1966. The devastating pogrom was in reaction to the multiple killings
on January 15th, 1966 when the Igbo led army under the command of General Johnson Thomas
Umunnakwe Aguiyi–Ironsi launched a coup d'êtat. The successful coup d 'état raised increasing
suspicion of Igbo domination among the Hausa, Fulani and Yoruba leading them to unify and
organize a counter–coup lead by General Yakubu Gowon against the

The Role of Agriculture in the Nigerian Economy
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW In this chapter of the research work, the review of
related literature is presented under the following heading: □ Role of Agriculture in an Economy □
Importance of Agriculture □ Analysis of Selected Indicators of Agricultural Growth □ Agricultural
Constraints □ Institutional Reforms □ Major agricultural policies in Nigeria from 1960–2005 □
Macro–economic variables affecting economic growth □ Government expenditure □ Investment □
Foreign investment □ The new Nigerian Agricultural Policy 2.0 The role of agriculture in an
economy It is important to first define the term–Agriculture before talking about the role of
agriculture in the economy. Oxford ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The agricultural policy for Nigeria, (Federal Ministry of Agriculture, 1987) outlined the traditional
contribution expected of Nigerian agriculture. They include the provision of adequate food, a source
of employment, foreign exchange, raw materials for domestic industries and the provision of a
market for the product of the industrial sector. The contribution of agriculture to food supply could
be measured indirectly via the volume as well as the value of food imports (Ihimodu, 1993). He also
noted that a direct measure of food production is difficult because of lack of adequate statistical
data. It has always been claimed that the agricultural sector supplied most of the food needs of the
economy especially before and during the 1950s and 1960s. In recent times however, there has been
some concern that there exists a widening gap between domestic food supply and total food
requirements. Some studies have shown that while the demand for food has been growing at about
3.5% per annum, food production has been growing only at about 2.5% per annum (Agricultural
Policy for Nigeria, 1987: 12). This has led to a significant increase in food imports both in absolute
terms as well as in relative to the total import bill. To a large extent, the absolute value of import had
risen overtime, as had the proportion of food in the total import bill. Generally, before 1974 the food
bill constituted less than 10% of total

Reflection Paper
I come from a family of King and Queens. A home where my father owns many acres of land. A dad
who knew me before I knew myself. Born knowing that he already knows my beginning and end. A
household with a cross above every main entrance, and a family that sleeps with a bible under every
pillow. I live in a community of celebration from left to right, where every little thing that happens,
will easily spread around. All happening in a household with a vast selection of food, containing
spices that can be smelled from miles away. I am from a family of people who are treated wrongly
but still treat others right. Our DNA coming from the tropical, overfilled, bold and "The Giant of
Africa" Nigeria, with our blood shedding green and white. Yet we reside in this small loving state of
Rhode Island. The father that I speak of is not just one person. I speak of my biological father, and
the one I know is not of this world. My belief in Christ and my faith in Christianity is forever alive.
The background in which I grew up into, of being born to parents with Nigerian descent we take our
religion seriously. Praying every day and thanking the lord is a lifestyle for me, for I know to always
be grateful, knowing that a situation or problem that may seem tough for me now is just a blessing
in disguise. I remember first starting out at a Celestial Church. Which is an African Indigenous
Church. The church had a strict dress code, to which members would wear an all–white garment,
and

A Research Paper On Nigerian And Haiti
As a CEO of Ajidesigner company, I will supervise all production of the company to make sure it 's
well designed in and out of the handbags with the zipper. By doing this, I plan to travel to
manufacturer companies in China to inspect the production of each handbag and to make sure that
the design is right and to make a deal with any manufacturer, company that ready to work with my
company by negotiation on the price they will fit the budget of middle and high–class customers in
the United states. One of the manufacturer companies that have been talking to is CHANG RONG
BAGS COMPANY, the website for this company is www.changrongbags.com. Travel to China next
year is a good thing, but I need to be aware of their cultural and communication sign in which I
learned in Professional Communication Practices and I wrote a research paper pertaining to sign
language. My research paper was about Nigerian and Haiti in which I point out the different way of
communicating between the two countries. My achievement in this class makes me focus on
learning Chinese sign language such as Touching, (handshakes, pats, and Kisses)is the way of
showing feeling and emotions in some other culture, but people in China Use touching between their
close friends, family members, and personal relationship. Time; in America people arrive to any
business meeting on time or before the meeting, but in China they time walks and people take it
easy instead of living a busy life and in China if

Nigerian Economy: Macroeconomic Analysis
sisNigeria – Country Report
2012
61310039
Indian School of Business
7/6/2012
Contents Economic Overview 3 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 3 GDP Composition 4 Inflation 4
Shadow Economy 5 Trade Overview 5 Foreign Debt 7 Labor Market & Human Capital 7
Population and Income Inequality 8 Unemployment 9 Currency 10 Money Supply and Monetary
Control 10 Fiscal policy 12 Exchange rates 12 Interest Rates 13 Foreign Direct Investment 14
Globalization and Comparative Advantage 14 Conclusion 15 References 16
Economic Overview
Nigeria's economy is estimated to be worth about $262bn, making it one of the largest economies in
Africa. The estimates and analysis of various indicators is discussed in the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It is expected moderate only in 2014 as a result of moderation in commodity prices.
The April 2012 inflation data as obtained shows a Month–on–month inflation to be (0.13%), Year–
on–Year (12.9%), 12–Month Avg. Chg. (11.1%). The inflation rate is exceedingly high and is
detrimental towards investment in the country. The Consumer Price Index and Nigerian Inflation
rate is shown below.
Source: Economic Intelligence Unit
Shadow Economy
The untaxed and unregulated revenues – by some estimates – account for between 40% and 45% of
gross domestic product (GDP). Nigerians make most of their living, as street hawkers, minibus
drivers, money changers or market traders. In spite of the abysmal performance of the country's
economy, poor infrastructure and unfriendly business environment Nigeria has huge potentials to be
tapped because of its huge deposits of Natural Resources and population that can be gainfully
employed.
The black economy accounts for a large part of the Nigerian economy.

Trade Overview
Nigeria has considerable natural resources such as oils, and the revenue from oil exports forms a
major chunk of the Government fund. Nigeria has recently started a sovereign wealth fund and the
excess returns from oil exports viz–a–viz projected returns is directed to this sovereign fund. This
fund is building up at a slower pace as the revenue is being directed towards meeting government
excess spending to meet the countries capital

The Nigerian Cult
Nigerian Cults In the story, "Cell One" by Chimamanda Ngozi talked about a family that lived in
Enugu, Nigeria. The story was about this boy named, Nnamabia who was a rambunctious individual
that stole his mother's jewelry. Nnamabia also was a hardheaded and suborn kid, when ever he did
anything bad his parents would cover his back and give him money in order to repay or repair the
damageous. This was based on a realistic event called, "The Nigerian Cult". The story by Ngozi
took place around the mid 1900's. Knowing this knowledge of the Nigerian Cult helps the reader
better analyze the story, understand characters' behavior and purpose of this story. Without this extra
source it would have been difficult to understand this short because, it ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It turned individuals against their own blood. This cult also made it unsaved to being in the streets or
walking. The thieve level increases tremendously. After the cult many people needed to get help
because not only thief occurred but, people also where killing other others. "Some students have
become blind or deaf as a result of the injuries they sustained during initiation ceremonies" (Raj).
There where literality kids and men that would walk around murdering innocent samaritans. This
story helped the audience to educated themselves on this cult which was extremely helpful. All in
all, "Cell One" by Chimamanda Ngozi was a story that talked about this kid that committed many
crimes. After the crimes where down then the parents would jump in any pay off what ever he did
wrong. This made him end up in jail, because he thought that was the correct thing to do. This short
also intertwine with the Nigerian cult. This was when individual specially kids would participate in
violent activities. Reading this short and doing research on the Nigerian cult helped understand the
purpose of the story, the reasoning for Nnamabia's behavior and help to analyze the

Nigerian American Culture Analysis
Adetutu Okupe
ANT 2020
William Odum
Febuary 2nd,2017.
Cultural Construction in Nigerian youth Alliance Notwithstanding being an immigration
organization originated by and sustained by Nigerian immigrants, the members at Nigerian youth
Alliance are more than what they look like in the surface. Even though they are immigrants in the
United States, they have integrated into American culture and hold a concept of morals not
controlled by ethnocentrism. I have always observed immigrants to be ethnocentric. Nevertheless,
expectations based on speculation are poor. Also, same can be said about drawing deductions
established on cultural formations. Culture can be seen has sets of shared values, goals, attitudes,
and practices that characterized ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The undercurrents of culture can be seen in an immigrant organization. By offering acceptable
neighborhood, constructing relationship with its members we can get a better sense of how applied
anthropology plays an important role in the dynamics of not just this immigrant organization but
also other immigrant organization. Cultural building has no technical basis, and is hence neither
theoretic nor falsifiable. By appreciating others, we can appreciate ourselves and the world around
us a culture at a

American And Nigerian Culture Essay
American and Nigerian cultures are alike in some aspects of life, while being dissimilar in other
aspects. This idea is clearly exemplified when one compares their own experience and knowledge of
culture in America to that description and portrayal of Nigerian culture as seen through Buchi
Emecheta's novel, The Wrestling Match.
Both of our societies can be looked at as parallel in how teenagers are typically stereotyped, rivalry
among towns/villages, and the attainment of manhood or maturity through experiences or
accomplishments.
Contrary to the similarity of the cultures, there are also some basic differences. One of the main
distinctions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lastly, Okei's ( Okei is a teen who lives in Igbuno and is the novel's main character) Uncle Obi
Agiliga is convinced that the teenagers of Igbuno are setting an terrible immoral example for the
upcoming generation.
How many teenagers in our society have not had an immediate finger of blame pointed at them
when something happens or goes wrong? How many of us have not been told what a terrible
example we are setting for our younger siblings?
Teenagers seem to be synonymous with rude, obnoxious, and difficult, stubborn, etc. Another
similarity of cultures gleaned from Emecheta's writing is reaction to rivalry. A very important event
to the villages in the novel was the wrestling match which pits the Akpei Uma aya Biafra against the
Igbuno Uma aya Baifra. There is much preparation of the athletes and many people attend.
In addition, at the market, the Akpei people would not purchase produce from
Josephine Kwutelu and other girls also from Igbuno since they are from the competitors' side.
A similar event we have right here in the Pennridge Community is the annual Pennridge –
Quakertown Football game. It generates quite a rivalry, much time is spent in preparation and many
many people attend.
Finally, in both Nigerian and American cultures, it is perceived that manhood is

Dating A Nigerian Female In Nigeria
Nigerian females are the same as every other female in the planet, with those very same yearning as
well as desire to be liked and cared for, they've those very same loose grip on situations & daily
happenstance, not being serious about life and wishing a handsome male would pop out of the sky
as well as swoop them off the feet of theirs into insurmountable riches, and also with of course the
accompanying "lived happily ever after."
Allow me to share facts about Nigerian females, a small idea on just what it takes to marry a female
from Nigeria. Are you eying that blackish female working in the exact same office along with you,
are you thinking of dating and actually getting married to a rather Nigerian babe? Do you
understand what it takes? Have you will said a word to her?
Dating a Nigerian female is as easy as dating every other female in the planet, it entails the same
tactic and careful methods, you require the exact same self–assured strategy which is actually
essential to picking females.
Individuals in Nigeria think which the male is actually the mind of the household and we come
across the female as being a helper to the male, every Nigerian female is seeking a responsible male,
a male that's in a position to make choices in dire circumstances. Girls in Nigeria would like to date
and marry a difficult male, not a wimp that believes he might purchase females with cash. Well, they
might help you spend the money of yours and help you ditched.
here's three basic

Ethnic Cleansing Of The Igbo: The Nigerian Civil War
Intrastate conflict has historically been savage and chaotic; nowhere have these descriptors been
more fitting than within African civil wars. A legacy of colonialism, ineffective governance, and
regional conflict scars the continent, resulting in regular political instability within its territories. The
Nigerian civil war of the late 1960s cost the lives of an estimated three–million people– the majority
of whom were civilians who succumbed to starvation (NWE 2015). This conflict has traditionally
been understood to have been caused by ethnic tensions within the state, and justifiably so (Falola
1999, 125). The ethnic cleansing of the Igbo that occurred throughout September and October of
1966 in northern Nigeria undoubtedly played a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Evidence of this first presented itself after Aguiyi–Ironsi dissolved the regional governments of
Nigeria after the initial military coup of 1966 (Falola 1999, 118). His Unification Decree incited
outrage among Nigerians, whose lives were based upon opportunities granted to them by their
provincial governments (Falola 1999). The federal government rewarded members of the provinces'
ethno–political elite with

The Influence Of The Nigerian Oil Production
The Nigerian oil production has been an issue that has become a cruse to the people for so many
years. According to reports, the oil production has lubricated to Nigeria's failure because it has
damaged the economy as well as the environment and democracy. Anyone would think that a
country that has an enormous resource of petroleum would be economically stable but this is not the
case in Nigeria. For many years Nigeria has suffered effects directly as well indirectly from the oil
industry. For my research I am drawing from two sets of sources. I will be referring to the books that
I have researched as my A–sources. The newspaper articles will be referred as my B–sources in this
paper. Through out my paper, I will show you how and explain why the media today only reports
one side of the story while the books on my geopolitical topic will tell the background to the events
occurring.
The book, The Influencing Machine: Brooke Gladstone on the Media, written by Brooke Gladstone
is a graphic novel that tries to decipher the rapidly changing media business and the way people
interact with it. It traces the origins of modern journalism back to the Mayans and walks through the
journalistic roots in the cultures of ancient Rome, Britain, and Revolutionary and early America. The
book then dives into contemporary media condition. The media has become something that we love
and hate at the same time. "Everything we hate about the media today was present at its creation: its
corruption or

Health Care For The Nigerian Society
In many parts of the Nigerian society, the question of cost, willingness to pay and ability to pay are
important determinants of access to and utilization of health care systems (Omololu, Okunola, &
Salami, 2012). The Nigerian people realized that many of their countries' health care facilities were
lacking the necessary resources and supplies to function sufficiently and effectively, despite the
adoption of the core tenets of comprehensive primary health care in the 1980s. They needed to not
only make health care delivery affordable but also accessible to their people. In response to this
need, health Ministers from several African countries met and fashioned out strategies to accelerate
and advance the delivery of the Primary health ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The overall goal of the initiative is to ensure access to affordable and essential health services for the
majority of the Nigerian population, to restore consumer confidence through the improvement in the
quality of services provided with emphasis on promoting the health of women and children
(Uzochukwu, Onwujekwe, & Akpala, 2004). Cost The Bamako Initiative promoted the idea of the
"user fee". This "user fee" idea advocated for cost sharing and community participation to increase
the sustainability and quality of health care in Nigeria. It was proposed that the user fee would
increase the resources available for health care and improve efficiency as well as equity to health
care. The user fee basically meant that payment was due for health care at the point of services
rendered. According to (source) the payments collected for health care services are referred to as the
user fees. The ideals of user fees is quite variable and can include any combination of drug costs,
medical material costs, entrance fees, and consultation fees. With the user fee implementation out of
pocket costs varied for the type of health care service rendered. For ante–natal care (ANC) services,
patients were required to pay out of pocket for their cards, laboratory investigations and drugs
(Uzochukwu, et al., 2004). For immunization such as the oral polio vaccine (OPV1) and measles
vaccine, there was no out of pocket cost; the

Nigerian Women Essay
Nigerian Women Association in Colorado
Biruk Awsi
Community College of Aurora
Nigerian Women Association in Colorado
Nigeria is a federal constitutional republic in West Africa. We see Nigerian people all over the world
at this time. There is a lot of Nigerian in Colorado. They have their own culture and lifestyle.
However, it is hard to perform their lifestyle over here. The Nigerian women's came together to
create the Nigerian Women Association of Colorado.
The idea of the Nigerian women association in Colorado emanated from the Nigerian women's
rallying support for one of their own during the tragic death of her husband in 1988. Subsequently,
Mrs. Ngozi Onyeali, aka Lady Dee, impressed upon the women the need to have ... Show more
"The Nigerian Women Association provides support for widows in need to enable them make
positive decision or choice of economic stability and self–sufficiency" (Nigerian Women
Association, 2013, para. 3). They encourage widows to become more productive, and be the best
mother for their children. They provide financial assistance to supplement income. The other one is
"The Nigerian Women Association provides financial support to students from less privileged
background with tuition assistance to cover at least one academic year of education" (Nigerian
Women Association, 2013, Para. 3). The students must be Nigerian origin, and they must be in a
good performance standings with an average GPA 3.0 and above. They are also to be in junior
secondary school (Nigeria) and college bound in the USA. Nigerian Women Association (2013) has
stated, "NWA of Colorado provides assistance/sponsorship to orphaned children who are living in
the orphanage outside of the USA (primarily, Nigeria) and within our resident community
(Colorado)" (para. 3). The association provides food and material essentials, and they also donate
cash. The Nigerian Women Association president, Lolo Mrs. Ijeoana Emurcuwa has stated that
"NWA donate money to the Aids Relief Fund and Tsunami Relief Fund in 2004, and they donate to
the Colorado Wildfire Relief Fund through Red Cross in

Nigerian Creation Myth
There is a huge debate about how the world was created and who was first. It can also be questioned
if god created mankind or if mankind created god. There are many different beliefs to how mankind
was created but they are all connected in some way. It can be said that god came first because there
needed to be one person that then realized more people were needed on Earth as mentioned in the
creation myths for Venezuela, Bolivia, and Nigeria. These all talk about different ways that god
decided how mankind should be created. The creation myth for Venezuela starts off with the creator
of Earth and Sky, Wanadi. He then decided that he could not rule the Earth and the Sky so he made a
copy of himself to rule the Earth. When Wanadi II was on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
He created these people and gave them traits that have now become societal norms. Women are the
ones who have children and have long hair. Men were the head of the household and had short hair.
In addition, he made people different by creating a variety of ethnicities and languages. Not
everyone was like him because they all have different traits that make them unique. This shows that
there had to be a god first that would be able to create all the different people in the world.
The Nigeria creation myth talks about how Obatala created land on the ground and also created
people because he got bored by himself. As he created the people out of clay, he got drunk and
caused the people to have deformities. But, he took ownership of his mistakes and now protects the
people that have deformities.
Since Obatala made a mistake that affected a lot of people it shows that a god had to have created
mankind because he is the reasoning behind people's deformities. The Yoruba people have the belief
that he protects anyone that has a deformity. Without the mistake of the god, the people on earth
would not have deformities. This is connected to the modern world because not everyone looks the
same and some people are born with deformities. People with deformities turn out to be strong and
other people do not question why some people have these deformities. The Yoruba people do not all
look the same therefore, god had to have come first so there could be differences in

Learning for the Cuban and Nigerian Revolution
For developing regions, Latin America and Africa are a few of the focal countries to analyze civil
war onset and for future preventions. Cuba, now a communist state underwent political turmoil from
leaders like Fidel Castro to achieve its present government. Nigeria, a prominent oil powerhouse
also faced ethnic conflict stemming from its diverse population. Both countries are still susceptible
to future conflicts, but learning from their own history could easily prevent it from happening.
Cuba: The Castro Revolution
The Castro Revolution, which first started in the early 1950's, involved a massive number of
casualties at the cost of an insurgent victory. The Cuban President at that time, Fulgencio Batista
was ousted and replaced with a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If Raul Castro is not able to alter their policies on fundamental freedoms and arbitrary
imprisonment, the citizens of Cuba could easily organize again and overthrow this regime.
However, Cuba seems to be sending mixed–signals to the international community because it
recently gained a seat in the United Nation's Human Rights Council. This could potentially be an
example of an inside spoiler where countries sign onto agreements, but fail to follow through with
them (Stedman). Cuba needs to alter its priorities if it ever wants the U.S. embargo removed to
stimulate their economy as well as instill basic fundamental rights to it citizens. Regardless, history
often repeats itself and Castro's leadership does not seem to be changing its socialist practices and
might soon fall victim to another government takeover.
Thought it is unlikely for Castro to change the economic stance of his country, the U.S embargo on
Cuba proves a serious issue for Cuban citizens. A lack of basic technology, open trade, and
resources from the U.S. leaves citizens dissatisfied with the government. The 50–year embargo has
failed to pressure the Cuban government and has instead harmed the people of Cuba. Though it's
uncertain who will succeed Raul Castro, it is likely the embargo will remain in place, but as long as
Cuba fails to meet the conditions set out by President Kennedy to shift its alignment

Composed Kenyans and Happy-go-Lucky Nigerians Essay
Composed Kenyans and Happy–go–Lucky Nigerians
"You're from Kenya, right?"
"No, I'm from Nigeria."
"Nigeria, Kenya. Kenya, Nigeria. Same thing."
"No, actually they are entirely different countries located at opposite ends of the African continent
and contain two very different groups of people."
It is amazing how very little some people know about the continent –– not country –– of Africa, let
alone the 57 countries within it. Some people have suggested that Kenya and Nigeria are in South
America or even Australia. Although Kenya and Nigeria are both African countries, their cultures
are quite unlike each other. The food, speech, and methods of interaction ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Most Kenyans are heavy tea and coffee drinkers and do not consider a meal to be complete without
chai.
Nigerians generally have a wider variety of food than Kenyans, partly due to the Nigerian tropical
climate and vegetation that offers a larger variation of foods in comparison to the mostly dry and
unfertile land of Kenya. The common items on the Nigerian menu range from various finger foods
to more filling items. The finger foods include chin chin, crunchy little donuts cut into tiny squares
about one centimeter long and one centimeter wide, kose, little fried bean cakes with onions and red
peppers, suya, kabobs that are generously seasoned with cayenne pepper and staked on sticks
between slices of tomatoes, and fried sweet plantains lightly sprinkled with salt. The more filling
foods include pounded yams and egusi soup. Yams, the staple crop in Nigeria, are like gigantic
potatoes often the length of a grown man's arm. The yams are boiled and then pounded in a mortar
to create a dish dissimilar in taste but similar in looks to mashed potatoes. Egusi soup is prepared
from a melon seed that is ground into a powder and then combined with palm oil, crayfish, fresh
fish, stock fish, spinach leaves, and either chicken or beef. A choice of pounded yam or rice is
always offered. Rice in different forms will be prepared: plain white rice with a tomato stew, jollof
rice prepared with tomato sauce and carrots, peas, and

Nigerian Information, Communication And Technology
The Nigerian information, communication and technology (ICT) sector is a fast emerging sector
which has seen rapid growth since early 1990's and information technology is a recent phenomenon
in Nigeria (Ogunsola & Aboyade, 2005). However, the telecommunications arm of the sector dates
back to 1923 with the first trunk of telephone service (Ofulue, 1980). Prior to 1992, the legal
framework guiding the telecommunications and broadcasting in Nigeria was the promulgated
Wireless Telegraph Act (WTA) by the British colonial government in 1935 (Odufuwa, 2012).
Beginning from the 1950s the telecommunication sector began to see some substantial expansion as
the Nigeria strive to enhance the telecommunications quality and services . In 1984, ... Show more
Also, there is now wide ICT deployment in both the public and the private sectors though a lot of
growth is expected in the forseeable future. The deployment of ICT has contributed largely to the
rapid development of other sectors of the country's economy and had been a backbone specifically
in the growth witness in the financial service and telecommunication sectors whereby the have
become more innovative in the products and services. Whereby, the ICT sector has seen the fastest
sectoral growth of the Nigerian economy with average CAGR growth of 35% in the past decade
(NBS). ICT sector contributed 5.46% to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2011 while
private investment in the sector increased from US$50 million in 1999, to US$18.0 billion, in 2009,
and $25 billion in 2010 respectively (Ministry Of Communication Technology, 2012) . With the
amendment of the new information and communication law in 1992, the restrict and prohibition of
any form of non state services and licensed were removed and rights to use services and frequencies
for point–to–point communication. The 1992 policy deregulation changed the face of ICT in Nigeria
at a time when computer usage was becoming popular. This policy liberalisation also removed the
control of the sector from the government ministries to two new

Nigerian Immigrants: An Alternative To The Nightmare
Although Nigerians consider it to be a "nightmare", it is very common for them to utilize the United
States' educational system and enhance intellectual ability to achieve their desired career goal.
Nigerians in the United States are known for graduating high school at the top of their class and
furthering their education at a highly–established intuition. As an alternative to the "Nightmare",
Afolayan suggests that one should truly learn how to "understand how and why Nigerian
immigrants are having such a hard time becoming successful" (Afolayan pg.6). He continues his
thought by stating, "one must first understand their background and reasons for coming to America"
(Afolayan pg.6). He goes on to compare lifestyles of living in the United

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