Daniel Guelen
E-mail: daniel.guelen@columbia.edu
Published May 4, 2020
Abstract
China’s rise brings various issues to the international stage. Terms such as the Thucydides Trap and Trade Wars have become common language and many fear for conflict between the United States and China. Especially in the 21st century, the relationship between the US and China will define the world. However, this paper argues that China does not pose a threat to the United States and the international order as the economic, military, and political circumstances do not facilitate such a great power tension. By directly analyzing the relationship between the US and China in these three areas, two policy recommendations can be drawn. This paper brings forth a dual grand strategy for the US to improve and support its domestic position to compete globally and present a more accessible alternative to lead internationally by building a more inclusive coalition and deterring some of China’s aggressions in South East Asia. As the world becomes more multipolar, the ability to balance power, engage developing nations, and build alliances will prove to be critical to any strategy.
Keywords: China; United States; foreign policy; great power tension; international security; Thucydides Trap; international order; trade wars; counterhegemony; South East Asia.
1) The document reviews the book "Why Nations Fail" by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, which argues that a country's long-term economic success or failure depends on whether its political and economic institutions are inclusive or extractive.
2) It provides examples of how inclusive institutions in countries like the United States have led to prosperity, while extractive institutions in countries like Mexico have caused inequality and poverty.
3) While the book makes a compelling case, the review notes that it lacks some statistical evidence and leaves some country comparisons open to retrospective bias, though it remains an interesting introductory text on determinants of economic success.
Understanding paradiplomacy an analysis of subnational diplomatic activity in...Karan Khosla
Since the creation of the new world order in the aftermath of the Second World War, non-state actors have grown in both economic and political importance. While non-state actors such as multinational corporations, non-governmental organiza-tions, and international organizations have all been adopted into international relations literature, cities meanwhile have mainly been ignored. The paper provides examples of subnational actors in Brazil, Belgium, and the United States conducting international activities without the role of their central governments.
A Rental Culture vs. a Home ownership CultureKaran Khosla
Bodine Beentjes
IE University, Madrid, Spain
E-mail: Bbeententjes.ieu2016@student.ie.edu
Published May 4, 2020
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the housing situation in the post-crisis years in Spain and the Netherlands. Both countries are highly developed European Union (EU) countries and have expanded their economies since 2013. Similarly, both are experiencing a housing crisis with rapidly increasing prices and shortages. Spain suffers challenges related to its decentralized and unorganized housing management structure when it comes to implementing new policies, and the Netherlands needs to motivate housing corporations to construct more housing. This paper looks at various studies and reports as well as news related to policy changes and their effects from 2015 to the present day. Furthermore, the concept of social housing and the effects of related policies on both the people and the market are analyzed.
Keywords: Housing Market, Real Estate, Netherlands, Spain
Why Nations Fail: the origins of power, prosperity and povertymehvish shafiq
The document summarizes chapters from the book "Why Nations Fail" by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson. It discusses the authors' thesis that economic prosperity depends on inclusive political and economic institutions, while extractive institutions lead to poverty. The analysis examines several historical examples to show how institutional developments can create either virtuous or vicious cycles that reinforce inclusive or extractive institutions over time. However, the summary also notes some shortcomings, including the book's failure to explain how to prevent the emergence of extractive institutions or acknowledge that growth under inclusive institutions is not guaranteed. It argues the book is still relevant to understanding Pakistan's challenges in developing extractive political institutions that benefit elites over broader society.
This document summarizes a presentation given by James Robinson on the book Why Nations Fail. It discusses three key topics:
1. The origins of institutional differences between nations, tracing how extractive institutions emerged in Latin America under Spanish colonization focused on resource extraction, while more inclusive institutions developed in the early United States and Britain.
2. The concepts of inclusive and extractive political and economic institutions and how inclusive institutions encourage growth while extractive institutions face resistance from economic and political elites benefiting from the status quo.
3. Examples of how small differences in early institutions and critical junctures can lead to divergence, as well as the difficulty but importance of transitioning to more inclusive institutions through broad political coal
1) The document reviews the book "Why Nations Fail" by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson, which argues that a country's long-term economic success or failure depends on whether its political and economic institutions are inclusive or extractive.
2) It provides examples of how inclusive institutions in countries like the United States have led to prosperity, while extractive institutions in countries like Mexico have caused inequality and poverty.
3) While the book makes a compelling case, the review notes that it lacks some statistical evidence and leaves some country comparisons open to retrospective bias, though it remains an interesting introductory text on determinants of economic success.
Understanding paradiplomacy an analysis of subnational diplomatic activity in...Karan Khosla
Since the creation of the new world order in the aftermath of the Second World War, non-state actors have grown in both economic and political importance. While non-state actors such as multinational corporations, non-governmental organiza-tions, and international organizations have all been adopted into international relations literature, cities meanwhile have mainly been ignored. The paper provides examples of subnational actors in Brazil, Belgium, and the United States conducting international activities without the role of their central governments.
A Rental Culture vs. a Home ownership CultureKaran Khosla
Bodine Beentjes
IE University, Madrid, Spain
E-mail: Bbeententjes.ieu2016@student.ie.edu
Published May 4, 2020
Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the housing situation in the post-crisis years in Spain and the Netherlands. Both countries are highly developed European Union (EU) countries and have expanded their economies since 2013. Similarly, both are experiencing a housing crisis with rapidly increasing prices and shortages. Spain suffers challenges related to its decentralized and unorganized housing management structure when it comes to implementing new policies, and the Netherlands needs to motivate housing corporations to construct more housing. This paper looks at various studies and reports as well as news related to policy changes and their effects from 2015 to the present day. Furthermore, the concept of social housing and the effects of related policies on both the people and the market are analyzed.
Keywords: Housing Market, Real Estate, Netherlands, Spain
Why Nations Fail: the origins of power, prosperity and povertymehvish shafiq
The document summarizes chapters from the book "Why Nations Fail" by Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson. It discusses the authors' thesis that economic prosperity depends on inclusive political and economic institutions, while extractive institutions lead to poverty. The analysis examines several historical examples to show how institutional developments can create either virtuous or vicious cycles that reinforce inclusive or extractive institutions over time. However, the summary also notes some shortcomings, including the book's failure to explain how to prevent the emergence of extractive institutions or acknowledge that growth under inclusive institutions is not guaranteed. It argues the book is still relevant to understanding Pakistan's challenges in developing extractive political institutions that benefit elites over broader society.
This document summarizes a presentation given by James Robinson on the book Why Nations Fail. It discusses three key topics:
1. The origins of institutional differences between nations, tracing how extractive institutions emerged in Latin America under Spanish colonization focused on resource extraction, while more inclusive institutions developed in the early United States and Britain.
2. The concepts of inclusive and extractive political and economic institutions and how inclusive institutions encourage growth while extractive institutions face resistance from economic and political elites benefiting from the status quo.
3. Examples of how small differences in early institutions and critical junctures can lead to divergence, as well as the difficulty but importance of transitioning to more inclusive institutions through broad political coal
GLOBAL EDUCATION AND CURRENT TRENDS FROM SOCIAL-abstract for the paperamita marwaha
Globalization is an economic, social, cultural, and environmental process that has led to increasing global integration and interdependence. It has driven major changes through technological innovations, broader political changes, and economic policies over the past decades. However, globalization has also been accompanied by inequality and conflicts between nations. Education can help address some of the controversies around globalization by promoting global awareness, sustainable development, human rights, democracy, and peace. Global education aims to develop attitudes and skills to avoid indifference, consider interdependencies among nations, and encourage responsible action to address global challenges.
Center and Periferies in Europe – The inequalities dinamics since 1990GRAZIA TANTA
The document discusses the rising inequalities within Europe since 1990 as a result of capitalism. It outlines several key developments that have contributed to the formation of centers and peripheries on the continent, including periods of economic growth and crisis; the rise of neoliberalism; globalization and the relocation of industries; rising debt, speculation, and inequality; and resulting population changes and migration patterns. These dynamics have led to decreasing populations in many Eastern and Southern European countries, while populations in Western countries like France and Spain increased at higher rates, revealing the unequal impacts of capitalism across Europe.
Migration, Remittance and Development in Central AmericaMaria Jensen
This document discusses migration, remittances, and development in Central America. It provides context on migration patterns and the importance of remittances to the economies of Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. It then outlines several perspectives on how remittances are discussed in relation to development strategies by governments and in development discourses more broadly. This includes how remittances are portrayed as a cost-free national resource but also involve risks and uncertainties for migrants. The document aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of remittances that considers both economic and social factors.
This document provides an overview of international development and aid policy since World War 2. It discusses how development has historically been linked to security concerns and geopolitical competition between Western and communist models. Initially, development aid promoted a strong role for states in economies and industrialization. However, since the 1980s, there has been a shift towards neoliberal policies promoting privatization, market liberalization, and limiting the role of states. More recently, there has been a renewed focus on state institutions to provide security and a framework for markets. The document also introduces the idea that China now provides an alternative model of development aid to Western aid, focusing on infrastructure investment without political conditions.
Chaos in international relations demands a global governmentFernando Alcoforado
Humanity must constitute a world government to face its great challenges in the 21st Century which consist of: 1) Economic and financial chain crises; 2) Revolutions and social counterrevolution around the globe; 3) Cascade Wars; 4) World overpopulation; 5) Deadly pandemic; 6) Extreme climate changes; 7) organized crime; and, 8) Threats from space, whose global actions to neutralize them are impossible to be carried out by national states alone and by current international institutions. The risk that this world government could be led by the same great military and economic powers is real. It is preferable, however, to take this risk than to do nothing. We must take this risk by working and betting on the possibility that a truly democratic government can be constituted on a global scale in the future.
Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Citiesatlanticcouncil
In the latest FutureScape issue brief from the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security's Strategic Foresight Initiative, author Peter Engelke discusses the long-term economic, environmental, and policy implications of urbanization. Entitled "Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Cities," the brief examines how urbanization is hastening the global diffusion of power and how cities themselves are increasingly important nodes of power in global politics.
This document summarizes a presentation on populism and globalization given by Professor Terry Flew. It discusses the rise of populism in response to economic issues caused by globalization such as inequality. Four potential scenarios for the future relationship between populism and globalization are outlined: 1) a return to the pre-populism status quo, 2) the rise of competing nationalist movements, 3) an era of competing left-wing and right-wing populist movements, or 4) reforms that address economic issues while maintaining global cooperation.
This document summarizes a research paper about using tourism as an alternative means of economic growth compared to policies put forth by the IMF, World Bank, and WTO. The paper examines the history and requirements of these international organizations. It provides examples of their policies hurting Mexico's economy and compares this to how community-based tourism helped revive the economy of a town in South Africa. The conclusion discusses how countries can apply small-scale tourism models to promote local economic development as a better alternative or supplement to loans from international monetary organizations.
This document provides an annotated bibliography for Cynthia Lewis on topics related to development theory, world economy, consumerism, and trade. It lists 14 academic sources that Cynthia found useful for her research interests, which stem from her background in anthropology with a focus on cultural backgrounds and interests in development theory, economics, business law, and gender differences in business and finance globally. For each source, a brief summary is provided on how the source relates to Cynthia's research areas.
The document discusses several issues related to the global economy and proposes solutions. It summarizes that neoliberal globalization has led to widening inequality, unsustainable imbalances, and the 2008 financial crisis. The US dollar's role as the world's reserve currency is declining as countries seek alternatives due to concerns about US public debt and the international financial system's instability. The document proposes establishing a stable non-financial capital dominated international financial system, implementing social democracy based on Scandinavian models, and forming a world government to address global challenges.
How do political elites prepare the civilian population for participation in violent conflict? We empirically investigate this question using village-level data from the Rwandan Genocide in 1994. Every Saturday before 1994, Rwandan villagers had to meet to work on community infrastructure, a practice called Umuganda. This practice was highly politicized and, in the years before the genocide, regularly used for spreading political propaganda. To establish causality, we exploit cross-sectional
variation in meeting intensity induced by exogenous weather fluctuations. We find that an additional rainy Saturday resulted in a five percent lower civilian participation rate in genocide violence. These results pass a number of indirect tests of the exclusion restriction as well as other robustness checks and placebo tests.
This paper aims to analyze data from the Princeton New Immigrant Survey to compare the economic assimilation and success rates of first-generation Asian and Hispanic immigrants in the United States. The paper finds that Asian immigrants earn about 6% more income than Hispanic immigrants for each additional year of education. Asian wages also increase more than Hispanic wages for each additional year worked in the US. However, the paper notes that the reasons for these differences are complex, as most Hispanic immigrants surveyed had resided in the US longer than Asian immigrants. The findings point to clear economic differences but leave open questions about the roles of discrimination and differences in education systems.
1. Advancements in transportation and population mobility have allowed infectious diseases to spread rapidly between countries, demonstrating that political issues in one area can affect others.
2. International organizations like the UN and WHO play a vital role in promoting cooperation between countries to control diseases and other global challenges.
3. Due to political globalization, disputes between countries are inevitable but international organizations provide important channels for communication and negotiation to help resolve conflicts peacefully.
(Neo)-Colonialism, globalised modernisation and global energy and environment...AkashSharma618775
This review looks at three issues which are key to the process of globalisation, namely; colonialism,
modernization, energy and environment. The benefits of globalised colonialism, though very weak, may include a
few of the following, viz: Increasing knowledge sharing, research, and skills; providing platforms for mutual
support, and benefits to synergize at various levels; encouraging multi-cultural contributions at different levels;
fostering global citizenship for greater harmony; promoting multiculturalism and acceptance to cultural diversity;
facilitating multi ways communications and interactions; promoting self-employment, digital entrepreneurship,
and outreach; and giving voice to everyone by promoting common language. On the contrary, the notable negative
impacts of globalised colonialism include: increasing the technological gaps and digital divides; creating more
legitimate opportunities for electronic colonialism; exploiting local resources and destroying local/ indigenous
cultures; increasing inequalities, conflicts, and clashes; promoting cultural imperialism; strengthening a
symmetrical communication, facilitating haves; contributing to jobless growth and promoting outsourcing; and, it
is promoting voiceless growth and language imperialism. It important to note that energy is a driving factor in the
world economic development, World energy consumption contributes to pollution and environmental
deterioration and global house emissions which therefore calls upon world economist and politicians to set
environmental regulations. It’s also crucial to transform the current energy systems with a transition to renewable
source and their efficient use. For example, globalized modernization has today has become a major sort of debate
among academicians, policy makers and NGOs. Finally, our review notes the various merits of globalize
Deconstructing Global Movements of People: Implication for Collective Securit...AkashSharma618775
This document discusses global immigration, global security, and global borders. It begins by defining immigration and discussing its history and implications. Key challenges to immigration include language barriers, difficulties being absorbed into job markets, adapting to new weather/cultures, and security threats from terrorists. Immigration economically benefits both receiving and sending countries but can also mean loss of skilled workers for poor countries. The document then examines global emigration factors like motives, impacts, and challenges before concluding by linking immigration, security, and borders and arguing they must be analyzed together for global peace and security.
Globalization, debt relief and poverty reductionitargeting
This document discusses globalization, debt relief, and poverty reduction. It provides historical context on the phases of development that nations have gone through, from periods of growth to accumulating debt crises. Structural adjustment programs imposed harsh austerity with limited success in stimulating growth or reducing poverty. This led to debt relief initiatives like the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative to reduce debt burdens and free up resources for poverty reduction. However, debt relief must be accompanied by complementary domestic reforms and external policies to prevent countries from falling back into debt and sustain growth. The relationship between debt relief and poverty reduction is complex and requires a holistic political economy approach.
Contemporary christian organizations in the development of mass communication...Alexander Decker
Christian organizations in Nigeria have contributed significantly to the development of mass communication in recent years. They engage print and electronic media to spread their religious messages, contributing to growth in advertising, education and training, employment, and reading culture. While primarily aiming to propagate religious values, these organizations have directly and indirectly supported national development, including the media sector. Their activities are an important part of Nigeria's social landscape and have noticeable impacts on patterns of development in the country.
This thesis examines how cultural and political factors in the United States foster economic hardship and inequality, undermining efforts for a more egalitarian society. While some degree of inequality is expected in a capitalist system, the U.S. has experienced a dramatic rise in poverty and income disparity since the 1970s. Globalization and technology alone do not explain this, as other nations facing the same pressures have avoided similar increases. The paper will analyze how uniquely American traits like individualism and distrust of government, as well as the influence of special interests and wealthy donors in politics, impede reforms and preserve the status quo, causing many to miss out on the American Dream.
POLS 4701 - Dylan Jenks Political Science Senior CapstoneDylan Jenks
This paper investigates the role of social and economic globalization on international relations between the United States and China using three case studies from the 1950s to present. The author's hypothesis is that increasing globalization weakens nation-states' control over their populations, reducing confrontations as domestic politics constrain aggressive foreign policies. However, a recent rise in Chinese nationalism challenges this. The paper analyzes how US-China relations and the influence of their populations have changed over time through literature review and case study analysis.
Sino-US Relations in the 21st Century: Is a Sino-US War Possible?Bright Mhango
This paper grapples with this question and concludes that war between the two can break out even tonight if certain conditions are met. However, for now, with China’s military not advanced enough, any war would have to be started by the US. And it so happens that the US actually has enough motives to engage China before it fully modernizes but cannot just do so from the blue. The US is thus trying to force China to give it the reason to justify a war to its increasingly war skeptical allies and domestic publics.
The reasons why the two cannot fight for now range from interdependence, the fact that Taiwan has not declared independence yet and the fact that Sino-Japan relations do not boil beyond the Yasukuni rhetoric. It is also due to the fact that China is powerless and relies on the US for many things such as access to lucrative markets and technology. The characters and personalities of the leaders of the two countries are also partly the reason there is not enough bad-blood to sound the war cry yet.
This document provides a Chinese perspective on China's changing role in Asia. It examines China's response to perceptions of its rise and discusses the principal concerns that shape its strategy toward Asia. China's strategy is also considered in relation to its relations with the United States. The document analyzes China's approach to regional economic cooperation and security issues, as well as its strategic vision for its role in the regional and global order.
GLOBAL EDUCATION AND CURRENT TRENDS FROM SOCIAL-abstract for the paperamita marwaha
Globalization is an economic, social, cultural, and environmental process that has led to increasing global integration and interdependence. It has driven major changes through technological innovations, broader political changes, and economic policies over the past decades. However, globalization has also been accompanied by inequality and conflicts between nations. Education can help address some of the controversies around globalization by promoting global awareness, sustainable development, human rights, democracy, and peace. Global education aims to develop attitudes and skills to avoid indifference, consider interdependencies among nations, and encourage responsible action to address global challenges.
Center and Periferies in Europe – The inequalities dinamics since 1990GRAZIA TANTA
The document discusses the rising inequalities within Europe since 1990 as a result of capitalism. It outlines several key developments that have contributed to the formation of centers and peripheries on the continent, including periods of economic growth and crisis; the rise of neoliberalism; globalization and the relocation of industries; rising debt, speculation, and inequality; and resulting population changes and migration patterns. These dynamics have led to decreasing populations in many Eastern and Southern European countries, while populations in Western countries like France and Spain increased at higher rates, revealing the unequal impacts of capitalism across Europe.
Migration, Remittance and Development in Central AmericaMaria Jensen
This document discusses migration, remittances, and development in Central America. It provides context on migration patterns and the importance of remittances to the economies of Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. It then outlines several perspectives on how remittances are discussed in relation to development strategies by governments and in development discourses more broadly. This includes how remittances are portrayed as a cost-free national resource but also involve risks and uncertainties for migrants. The document aims to provide a more nuanced understanding of remittances that considers both economic and social factors.
This document provides an overview of international development and aid policy since World War 2. It discusses how development has historically been linked to security concerns and geopolitical competition between Western and communist models. Initially, development aid promoted a strong role for states in economies and industrialization. However, since the 1980s, there has been a shift towards neoliberal policies promoting privatization, market liberalization, and limiting the role of states. More recently, there has been a renewed focus on state institutions to provide security and a framework for markets. The document also introduces the idea that China now provides an alternative model of development aid to Western aid, focusing on infrastructure investment without political conditions.
Chaos in international relations demands a global governmentFernando Alcoforado
Humanity must constitute a world government to face its great challenges in the 21st Century which consist of: 1) Economic and financial chain crises; 2) Revolutions and social counterrevolution around the globe; 3) Cascade Wars; 4) World overpopulation; 5) Deadly pandemic; 6) Extreme climate changes; 7) organized crime; and, 8) Threats from space, whose global actions to neutralize them are impossible to be carried out by national states alone and by current international institutions. The risk that this world government could be led by the same great military and economic powers is real. It is preferable, however, to take this risk than to do nothing. We must take this risk by working and betting on the possibility that a truly democratic government can be constituted on a global scale in the future.
Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Citiesatlanticcouncil
In the latest FutureScape issue brief from the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security's Strategic Foresight Initiative, author Peter Engelke discusses the long-term economic, environmental, and policy implications of urbanization. Entitled "Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Cities," the brief examines how urbanization is hastening the global diffusion of power and how cities themselves are increasingly important nodes of power in global politics.
This document summarizes a presentation on populism and globalization given by Professor Terry Flew. It discusses the rise of populism in response to economic issues caused by globalization such as inequality. Four potential scenarios for the future relationship between populism and globalization are outlined: 1) a return to the pre-populism status quo, 2) the rise of competing nationalist movements, 3) an era of competing left-wing and right-wing populist movements, or 4) reforms that address economic issues while maintaining global cooperation.
This document summarizes a research paper about using tourism as an alternative means of economic growth compared to policies put forth by the IMF, World Bank, and WTO. The paper examines the history and requirements of these international organizations. It provides examples of their policies hurting Mexico's economy and compares this to how community-based tourism helped revive the economy of a town in South Africa. The conclusion discusses how countries can apply small-scale tourism models to promote local economic development as a better alternative or supplement to loans from international monetary organizations.
This document provides an annotated bibliography for Cynthia Lewis on topics related to development theory, world economy, consumerism, and trade. It lists 14 academic sources that Cynthia found useful for her research interests, which stem from her background in anthropology with a focus on cultural backgrounds and interests in development theory, economics, business law, and gender differences in business and finance globally. For each source, a brief summary is provided on how the source relates to Cynthia's research areas.
The document discusses several issues related to the global economy and proposes solutions. It summarizes that neoliberal globalization has led to widening inequality, unsustainable imbalances, and the 2008 financial crisis. The US dollar's role as the world's reserve currency is declining as countries seek alternatives due to concerns about US public debt and the international financial system's instability. The document proposes establishing a stable non-financial capital dominated international financial system, implementing social democracy based on Scandinavian models, and forming a world government to address global challenges.
How do political elites prepare the civilian population for participation in violent conflict? We empirically investigate this question using village-level data from the Rwandan Genocide in 1994. Every Saturday before 1994, Rwandan villagers had to meet to work on community infrastructure, a practice called Umuganda. This practice was highly politicized and, in the years before the genocide, regularly used for spreading political propaganda. To establish causality, we exploit cross-sectional
variation in meeting intensity induced by exogenous weather fluctuations. We find that an additional rainy Saturday resulted in a five percent lower civilian participation rate in genocide violence. These results pass a number of indirect tests of the exclusion restriction as well as other robustness checks and placebo tests.
This paper aims to analyze data from the Princeton New Immigrant Survey to compare the economic assimilation and success rates of first-generation Asian and Hispanic immigrants in the United States. The paper finds that Asian immigrants earn about 6% more income than Hispanic immigrants for each additional year of education. Asian wages also increase more than Hispanic wages for each additional year worked in the US. However, the paper notes that the reasons for these differences are complex, as most Hispanic immigrants surveyed had resided in the US longer than Asian immigrants. The findings point to clear economic differences but leave open questions about the roles of discrimination and differences in education systems.
1. Advancements in transportation and population mobility have allowed infectious diseases to spread rapidly between countries, demonstrating that political issues in one area can affect others.
2. International organizations like the UN and WHO play a vital role in promoting cooperation between countries to control diseases and other global challenges.
3. Due to political globalization, disputes between countries are inevitable but international organizations provide important channels for communication and negotiation to help resolve conflicts peacefully.
(Neo)-Colonialism, globalised modernisation and global energy and environment...AkashSharma618775
This review looks at three issues which are key to the process of globalisation, namely; colonialism,
modernization, energy and environment. The benefits of globalised colonialism, though very weak, may include a
few of the following, viz: Increasing knowledge sharing, research, and skills; providing platforms for mutual
support, and benefits to synergize at various levels; encouraging multi-cultural contributions at different levels;
fostering global citizenship for greater harmony; promoting multiculturalism and acceptance to cultural diversity;
facilitating multi ways communications and interactions; promoting self-employment, digital entrepreneurship,
and outreach; and giving voice to everyone by promoting common language. On the contrary, the notable negative
impacts of globalised colonialism include: increasing the technological gaps and digital divides; creating more
legitimate opportunities for electronic colonialism; exploiting local resources and destroying local/ indigenous
cultures; increasing inequalities, conflicts, and clashes; promoting cultural imperialism; strengthening a
symmetrical communication, facilitating haves; contributing to jobless growth and promoting outsourcing; and, it
is promoting voiceless growth and language imperialism. It important to note that energy is a driving factor in the
world economic development, World energy consumption contributes to pollution and environmental
deterioration and global house emissions which therefore calls upon world economist and politicians to set
environmental regulations. It’s also crucial to transform the current energy systems with a transition to renewable
source and their efficient use. For example, globalized modernization has today has become a major sort of debate
among academicians, policy makers and NGOs. Finally, our review notes the various merits of globalize
Deconstructing Global Movements of People: Implication for Collective Securit...AkashSharma618775
This document discusses global immigration, global security, and global borders. It begins by defining immigration and discussing its history and implications. Key challenges to immigration include language barriers, difficulties being absorbed into job markets, adapting to new weather/cultures, and security threats from terrorists. Immigration economically benefits both receiving and sending countries but can also mean loss of skilled workers for poor countries. The document then examines global emigration factors like motives, impacts, and challenges before concluding by linking immigration, security, and borders and arguing they must be analyzed together for global peace and security.
Globalization, debt relief and poverty reductionitargeting
This document discusses globalization, debt relief, and poverty reduction. It provides historical context on the phases of development that nations have gone through, from periods of growth to accumulating debt crises. Structural adjustment programs imposed harsh austerity with limited success in stimulating growth or reducing poverty. This led to debt relief initiatives like the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative to reduce debt burdens and free up resources for poverty reduction. However, debt relief must be accompanied by complementary domestic reforms and external policies to prevent countries from falling back into debt and sustain growth. The relationship between debt relief and poverty reduction is complex and requires a holistic political economy approach.
Contemporary christian organizations in the development of mass communication...Alexander Decker
Christian organizations in Nigeria have contributed significantly to the development of mass communication in recent years. They engage print and electronic media to spread their religious messages, contributing to growth in advertising, education and training, employment, and reading culture. While primarily aiming to propagate religious values, these organizations have directly and indirectly supported national development, including the media sector. Their activities are an important part of Nigeria's social landscape and have noticeable impacts on patterns of development in the country.
This thesis examines how cultural and political factors in the United States foster economic hardship and inequality, undermining efforts for a more egalitarian society. While some degree of inequality is expected in a capitalist system, the U.S. has experienced a dramatic rise in poverty and income disparity since the 1970s. Globalization and technology alone do not explain this, as other nations facing the same pressures have avoided similar increases. The paper will analyze how uniquely American traits like individualism and distrust of government, as well as the influence of special interests and wealthy donors in politics, impede reforms and preserve the status quo, causing many to miss out on the American Dream.
POLS 4701 - Dylan Jenks Political Science Senior CapstoneDylan Jenks
This paper investigates the role of social and economic globalization on international relations between the United States and China using three case studies from the 1950s to present. The author's hypothesis is that increasing globalization weakens nation-states' control over their populations, reducing confrontations as domestic politics constrain aggressive foreign policies. However, a recent rise in Chinese nationalism challenges this. The paper analyzes how US-China relations and the influence of their populations have changed over time through literature review and case study analysis.
Sino-US Relations in the 21st Century: Is a Sino-US War Possible?Bright Mhango
This paper grapples with this question and concludes that war between the two can break out even tonight if certain conditions are met. However, for now, with China’s military not advanced enough, any war would have to be started by the US. And it so happens that the US actually has enough motives to engage China before it fully modernizes but cannot just do so from the blue. The US is thus trying to force China to give it the reason to justify a war to its increasingly war skeptical allies and domestic publics.
The reasons why the two cannot fight for now range from interdependence, the fact that Taiwan has not declared independence yet and the fact that Sino-Japan relations do not boil beyond the Yasukuni rhetoric. It is also due to the fact that China is powerless and relies on the US for many things such as access to lucrative markets and technology. The characters and personalities of the leaders of the two countries are also partly the reason there is not enough bad-blood to sound the war cry yet.
This document provides a Chinese perspective on China's changing role in Asia. It examines China's response to perceptions of its rise and discusses the principal concerns that shape its strategy toward Asia. China's strategy is also considered in relation to its relations with the United States. The document analyzes China's approach to regional economic cooperation and security issues, as well as its strategic vision for its role in the regional and global order.
1. The document discusses how globalization has changed the nature of international security threats. Whereas states were previously the main security threats, new threats have emerged from global criminal networks and failed states.
2. It argues that the future of international security will be a "consociational" system with a bipolar structure dominated by the US and China as emerging hegemonic powers. States will align with Western or Eastern societies but there will be no single global identity.
3. Accepting conflicting ideologies through open trade, addressing the root causes that enable threats like terrorism, and developing a shared understanding of threats will be key to providing security within this new global structure.
This document discusses different theories of current geopolitics:
1) Hegemonic Stability Theory argues the US remains the sole superpower and global stabilizer, challenged by rising China and Russia.
2) Hegemonic Competition Theory sees confrontation between rising China and incumbent US, analogous to Athens vs Sparta.
3) Hegemonic Decline Theory views the current period as one of instability like the decline of British power after WWI.
4) Realist Theory focuses on great power politics among major countries like the US, China, EU, Russia, and India.
5) Multilateralist Theory, which the author favors, argues only global cooperation through institutions like the UN can solve global issues.
#38 who is the true threat to the west-5pgDaniel Wambua
Very good essay about threats to the west. America and other western have had threats coming from the middle west and economic threats from Asia particularly China.
This document provides an analysis of the intensifying power competition between the US and China in the context of their respective leadership styles under the Trump and Xi administrations. It argues that 1) Trump and Xi represent forces of change in their countries to satisfy domestic demands, 2) the national interests of the US and China are increasingly irreconcilable, fueling competition, and 3) China is expanding its international influence by filling leadership vacuums left by the strategic retreat of the US under Trump's unilateral leadership. The analysis examines the divergent visions and approaches of the two administrations and how they are contributing to escalating tensions despite both countries' focus on internal priorities.
1) The document discusses China's "One Belt, One Road" initiative to build infrastructure connecting China to Asia, Africa, and Europe through a network of roads and railways.
2) It aims to develop local economies along the route and challenge U.S. global influence by expanding China's economic power.
3) However, China cannot yet match U.S. military power globally, so it must compete economically through initiatives like this one.
The document discusses leadership changes in China and the US and the challenges in the relationship between the two countries. It summarizes Xi Jinping's diplomatic visit to the US in February as he prepared to take over leadership in China. While there are disagreements, both countries recognize their economic interdependence and the importance of cooperation. The leadership transitions in both countries will shape how China-US relations are redefined during a time of global challenges.
The document discusses US-China foreign policy relations and decision making processes. It examines the relationship between the two countries across several issues including security, currency exchange, financial matters, and human rights. It also analyzes cultural differences between China and the US that influence their relationship, as well as political ideologies like neoconservatism that shape US foreign policy approaches toward China. Containment versus engagement strategies for China's rise are also debated. Overall, the relationship remains complex due to differing political systems between the US and China.
Chapter 1 Global Issues Challenges of GlobalizationA GROWING .docxtiffanyd4
Chapter 1 Global Issues: Challenges of Globalization
A GROWING WORLDWIDE CONNECTEDNESS IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION HAS GIVEN CITIZENS MORE OF A VOICE TO EXPRESS THEIR DISSATISFACTION. In Brazil, Protestors calling for a wide range of reforms marched toward the soccer stadium where a match would be played between Brazil and Uruguay.
Learning Objectives
1. 1.1Identify important terms in international relations
2. 1.2Report the need to adopt an interdisciplinary approach in understanding the impact of new world events
3. 1.3Examine the formation of the modern states with respect to the thirty years’ war in 1618
4. 1.4Recall the challenges to the four types of sovereignty
5. 1.5Report that the European Union was created by redefining the sovereignty of its nations for lasting peace and security
6. 1.6Recall the influence exerted by the Catholic church, transnational companies, and other NGOs in dictating world events
7. 1.7Examine how globalization has brought about greater interdependence between states
8. 1.8Record the major causes of globalization
9. 1.9Review the most important forms of globalization
10. 1.10Recount the five waves of globalization
11. 1.11Recognize reasons as to why France and the US resist globalization
12. 1.12Examine the three dominant views of the extent to which globalization exists
Revolutions in technology, finance, transportation, and communications and different ways of thinking that characterize interdependence and globalization have eroded the power and significance of nation-states and profoundly altered international relations. Countries share power with nonstate actors that have proliferated as states have failed to deal effectively with major global problems.
Many governments have subcontracted several traditional responsibilities to private companies and have created public-private partnerships in some areas. This is exemplified by the hundreds of special economic zones in China, Dubai, and elsewhere. Contracting out traditional functions of government, combined with the centralization of massive amounts of data, facilitated Edward Snowden’s ability to leak what seems to be an almost unlimited amount of information on America’s spying activities.
The connections between states and citizens, a cornerstone of international relations, have been weakened partly by global communications and migration. Social media enable people around the world to challenge governments and to participate in global governance. The prevalence of mass protests globally demonstrates growing frustration with governments’ inability to meet the demands of the people, especially the global middle class.
The growth of multiple national identities, citizenships, and passports challenges traditional international relations. States that played dominant roles in international affairs must now deal with their declining power as global power is more diffused with the rise of China, India, Brazil, and other emerging market countries. States are i.
This document analyzes the economic relationship between China and the United States. It discusses how China has rapidly grown to become a global economic power on par with the US. While the US previously dominated global trade and GDP, China has seen strong growth and may surpass the US economy by 2020. The analysis examines trade flows, GDP trends, and the impacts of China joining the World Trade Organization. It also considers cultural and political differences between the democratic US and communist China, and how both countries must adapt to each other for mutual economic benefit in the globalized world.
1) The document discusses the historical role and power of nation-states in international politics and foreign policy. It argues that the power of nation-states, especially the United States, is eroding due to forces of globalization and the rise of non-state actors.
2) It analyzes factors that historically contributed to US power such as its military capabilities and geopolitical advantages. However, it asserts that organizations like NGOs and IGOs are now undermining state sovereignty and US hegemony through shared decision-making and increasing economic interdependence between states.
3) The rise of transnational threats like terrorism exemplify how non-state groups can challenge states, and globalization is enhancing the
ASSIGNMENT 08A01 Introduction to AccountingPart A (20 points).docxjane3dyson92312
ASSIGNMENT 08
A01 Introduction to Accounting
Part A (20 points)
Prepare in proper form journal entries for the following transactions. Omit explanations.
October
2Owner made a cash investment into the company $5,000
8Bought supplies on account $100.
10Paid salaries, $700
15Paid for supplies purchased on October 8
21Received company telephone bill, to be paid later, $30
Part B (5 points each for a possible total of 50 points)
Record the following selected transactions for January in a two-column journal, identifying each entry by letter:
(a) Earned $7,000 fees; customer will pay later.
(b) Purchased equipment for $45,000, paying $20,000 in cash and the remainder on credit
(c) Paid $3,000 for rent for January.
(d) Purchased $2,500 of supplies on account.
(e) A. Allen $1,000 investment in the company.
(f) Received $7,000 in cash for fees earned previously.
(g) Paid $1,200 to creditors on account.
(h) Paid wages of $6,250.
(i) Received $7,150 from customers on account.
(j) A. Allen withdrawal of $1,750.
Part C
(1) (10 points) From the following items in the income statement columns of the worksheet of Friend's Tutoring at December 31, prepare the closing entries without explanation, assuming that a $1,000 withdrawal was made during the period.
Income Statement
AccountDebitCredit
Tutoring Fees3,450
Wages Expense700
Rent Expense600
Supplies Expense450
Insurance Expense250_____
2,0003,450
Net Income1,450_____
$3,450$3,450
(2) (5 points each for a possible total of 20 points) A summary of selected ledger accounts appear below for S. Ball for the current calendar year.
Answer the following questions.
a. What was the total amount of withdrawals for the year?
b. What was the net income?
c. What was the total revenue?
d. What were the total expenses?
12/30/2018 EBSCOhost
http://web.b.ebscohost.com.ezproxy2.apus.edu/ehost/delivery?sid=e28c8551-02c0-4091-a1e2-be1ab70098a1%40pdc-v-sessmgr06&vid=2&ReturnU… 1/12
Title:
Authors:
Source:
Document Type:
Subjects:
Abstract:
Full Text Word Count:
ISSN:
DOI:
Accession Number:
Database:
Record: 1
International relations: One world, many theories.
Walt, Stephen M.
Foreign Policy. Spring98, Issue 110, p29. 17p. 1 Chart.
Article
INTERNATIONAL relations
REALISM
LIBERALISM
Discusses the theoretical traditions in the study of international relations.
Evolution of realist theory; Challenges of liberal theories against realist
theories; Explanation offered by Marxism on international conflict.
INSET: Waiting for Mr. X.
5946
0015-7228
10.2307/1149275
382407
International Security & Counter Terrorism Reference Center
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: ONE WORLD, MANY THEORIES
Why should policymakers and practitioners care about the scholarly study of international affairs? Those who
conduct foreign policy often dismiss academic theorists (frequently, one must admit, with good reason), but
there is an inescapable link between the abstract world of theory and the real world of policy. We nee.
1) The document discusses the concepts of hard power and soft power in international relations. Hard power refers to military and economic coercion, while soft power involves diplomacy and cultural influence to gain consent without imposition.
2) It provides examples of the limitations of hard power, like the US facing challenges in Vietnam and Iraq, despite overwhelming military strength. Overreliance on hard power can reduce a nation's influence and breed opposition.
3) Soft power involves cooperation and appealing to other nations through cultural and ideological attraction rather than threats. The US emerged as a global hegemon after WWII by employing soft power through initiatives like the Marshall Plan to counter Soviet influence and promote democracy and American values abroad.
Warfare is the quintessential government activity. As a rule, a national government that is unprepared to defend itself against armed attackers cannot expect to retain control of its territory, resident population, and other resources.
The international system is crumbling not because new powers are expanding their domains but because the United States is shrinking its domination. This tends to turn America's declining hegemony into exploitative domination, which in itself decharacterizes the process of hegemonic domination. Arrighi and Silver find it difficult to imagine a global leadership in East Asian financial centers willing to tackle the task of providing systemic solutions to the systemic problems left by American hegemony, especially as the region also faces with social contradictions that somehow add up contradictions fueled by the United States. While stating that East Asia Still does not sketch any new path of development that points to an alternative to the dead end we live in today, Arrighi seems convinced that the alternative will come out.
The document discusses the relationship between the US and China in 2020 according to the "two-good theory". The theory predicts that as China's economic and military power increases, it will seek more policy changes internationally. This is exemplified by China's territorial disputes with neighbors and calls to replace the US dollar as the global reserve currency. Meanwhile, as US influence declines relatively, it will prioritize maintaining the status quo. The future relationship will test this theory as China continues pursuing changes while the US seeks to preserve its interests.
This document provides lecture highlights and summaries from Dr. Tabakian's Political Science 7 course on Modern World Governments. It covers several topics related to spheres of influence, communication between spheres, state interdependency, unilateralism vs multilateralism, transnational communication, rules-based regimes and organizations, types of wars, and causes of war. The document is divided into multiple sections with headings and bullet points summarizing key concepts for each topic.
This document discusses whether international organizations like the United Nations could take on the role of global stability traditionally filled by a hegemonic power. It first reviews the hegemonic stability theory and how the declining influence of the US has left a power vacuum. It then analyzes the multi-polar political landscape with no single dominant power. Finally, it evaluates the UN's ability to address global challenges and provide stability based on its effectiveness, principles of fairness and integrity, and capacity for "great swordsmanship" or strong leadership. While the UN has had some successes, the document questions whether it can truly fill the hegemon role in today's complex geopolitical environment.
Similar to A Pragmatic Grand Strategy towards China (20)
13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Here is Gabe Whitley's response to my defamation lawsuit for him calling me a rapist and perjurer in court documents.
You have to read it to believe it, but after you read it, you won't believe it. And I included eight examples of defamatory statements/
Youngest c m in India- Pema Khandu BiographyVoterMood
Pema Khandu, born on August 21, 1979, is an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, Dorjee Khandu. Pema Khandu assumed office as the Chief Minister in July 2016, making him one of the youngest Chief Ministers in India at that time.
Essential Tools for Modern PR Business .pptxPragencyuk
Discover the essential tools and strategies for modern PR business success. Learn how to craft compelling news releases, leverage press release sites and news wires, stay updated with PR news, and integrate effective PR practices to enhance your brand's visibility and credibility. Elevate your PR efforts with our comprehensive guide.