This PPT presentation discusses aspects of anaerobic respiration in biological systems. It introduces the topic and explains that living cells carry out energy-producing reactions like respiration to complete their metabolism. It then describes the two main types of respiration: aerobic respiration, which occurs in the presence of oxygen in animals and plants, and anaerobic respiration, which occurs in the absence of oxygen in bacteria, yeast and other microorganisms. The presentation further explains the two main types of anaerobic respiration - lactic acid fermentation, which occurs in animal muscle cells during intense activity, and alcoholic fermentation, commonly seen in yeast and bacteria to produce ATP without oxygen. Schematic representations of both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation are

1. A PPT BY SHUBHAM
MISHRA
BRANCH-E.C.E
ROLL. NO.-1404023

2. Aspects of Anaerobic respiration in
biological systems
TOPIC

3. INTORDUCTION
All living cell’s are made up of chemical
substances.
• The processes of living cell’s involve reaction
between these substances.
Living cell’s carry out energy producing reactions
to complete their metabolism process.
• One of the energy producing reactions is called
Respiration.

4. Types of Respiration
 Anaerobic respiration
 It is a type of respiration
that occurs in absence of
air.
 It occurs in bacteria, yeast
and other lower forms of
organisms.
 Reaction Involved-
 Aerobic respiration
 It is a type of respiration
that occurs in presence of
oxygen. It basically occurs in
animals and other higher
order of organisms.
 It involve three basic steps .
 Glycolysis
 Krebs cycle
 Electron transfer
system(E.T.S)

5. Types of Anaerobic
Respiration
Lactic acid fermentation
It occurs in animals. In muscle cells
during extraneous activities the
oxygen in muscle tissues is decreased
to an extent that aerobic respiration
does not occur at sufficient rate.
Hence there is build up of lactic acid
and muscles get tired.
In lactic acid fermentation ,the
pyruvic acid from glycolysis is
reduced to lactic acid by NADH
,which is then oxidized to NAD+.
Lactic acid fermentation allows
glycolysis to continue by ensuring
NADH is returned to it’s oxidized
state (NAD+).
It is also called fermentation.

6. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF LACTIC ACID
FERMENTATION

7. ALCHOHOLIC FERMENTATION
 It commonly occurs in bacteria and in yeast.
 In alcoholic fermentation ,the pyruvic acid from glycolysis loses its
one carbon in the form of carbon dioxide to form acetaldehyde which
is then reduced to ethyl alcohol by NADH which in turn gets oxidized
to NAD+. This is the fermentation that commonly occurs in yeast. Like
lactic acid fermentation allows alcohol fermentation allows glycolysis
by ensuring that NADH is oxidized to NAD+.
 The main purpose of alcohol fermentation is to produce ATP ,energy
currency of cell’s , under anaerobic conditions .So from yeast’s
perspective ,carbon dioxide and ethanol are waste products.

8. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF ALCOHAL
REPRESENTATION

9. Thank You