Barack Obama was born in 1961 in Hawaii to a white mother from Kansas and black father from Kenya. He faced difficulties as a mixed-race child, and his father left when he was 2 years old. In 2004, his keynote speech at the Democratic Convention launched his political career. He became a U.S. Senator from Illinois in 1996 and was elected President in 2008, making history as the first black President of the United States. As President, he took office during the Great Recession and worked to turn the economy around and enact reforms like healthcare reform and lobbying reform.