This document discusses nanomedicine, highlighting its applications, including targeted drug delivery and gene therapy, and its potential to revolutionize healthcare. It emphasizes the benefits of using nanoparticles for improved diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of diseases, while also addressing challenges such as regulatory issues and ethical considerations. Future prospects for nanomedicine in improving patient outcomes, especially in developing countries, are outlined along with ways to foster research through collaboration and funding.

1. By Nainar Adhidhya,
BSc. biotechnology,
Semester - 3

2. CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. NANOPARTICLES IN NANOMEDICINE
3. CURRENT APPLICATION OF NANOMEDICINE
4. TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY
5. NANOPARTICLE BASED THERANOSTICS
6. NANOPARTICLE BASED GENE THERAPY AND EDITING
7. NANOPARTICLE IMAGING
8. CHALLENGES OF NANOMEDICINE
9. NANOROBOTICS IM MEDICINE
10. POTENTIAL BENEFIT OF NANOROBOTICS
11. FUTURE OF NANOMEDICINE
12. NANOMEDICINE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
13. INVESTMENT IN NANOMEDICINE
14. CONCLUSION
15. QUESTIONNAIRE
16. SOLUTION
17. REFERENCES

3. 1.Introduction
Welcome to this presentation on nanomedicine,
a field that has the potential to revolutionize
healthcare as we know it. Nanomedicine is the
application of nanotechnology in medicine,
which involves the use of materials and devices
with dimensions of less than 100 nanometers.
The use of nanotechnology in medicine has the
potential to improve diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of diseases. We will discuss the
current state of nanomedicine, including its
applications, challenges, and future
developments. We will also examine the ethical
considerations surrounding the use of
nanorobotics in medicine and the potential
impact of nanomedicine in developing countries.

4. 2.Nanoparticles in Medicine
Nanoparticles are tiny particles that range in size from 1
to 100 nanometers. Due to such small size the chemical
and physical properties of nano particles becomes very
different than its macro sized counter part. In medicine,
they are being used for a variety of purposes, including
drug delivery, imaging, and theranostics. The potential
benefits of using nanoparticles in medicine are
numerous. They can improve the efficacy and safety of
drug delivery by targeting specific cells or tissues,
reducing side effects and increasing therapeutic
outcomes. Nanoparticles can also improve diagnostic
accuracy and enable earlier disease detection.
Additionally, they have the potential to revolutionize
cancer treatment by delivering drugs directly to cancer
cells, reducing damage to healthy cells and improving
patient outcomes.

5. 3.Current Applications of
Nanomedicine
Nanomedicine has already shown great promise in a
variety of medical applications. One example is in cancer
treatment, where nanoparticles can be used to deliver
drugs directly to tumor cells, minimizing damage to healthy
tissue. In wound healing, nanofibers and nano scaffolds can
promote tissue regeneration and accelerate the healing
process. Additionally, nanotechnology has the potential to
revolutionize regenerative medicine by enabling the
growth of functional tissues and organs.
Case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of these
applications. For instance, in one study, cancer patients
treated with nanoparticle-based chemotherapy
experienced fewer side effects and improved survival rates
compared to those receiving traditional chemotherapy. In
another study, diabetic foot ulcers treated with a nanofiber
dressing showed significantly faster healing than those
treated with standard dressings.

6. 4.TARGETED DRUG
DELIVERY

7. 5.NANOPARTICLE
BASED
THERANOSTICS
The word “THERANOSTICS” is a combination of 2
words .
1. THERAPY -> it is the process of treating
various diseases using various procedures.
2. DIAGNOSTICS -> it is the process of identifying
the disease by using various procedures.
Nanoparticles can be functionalized with ligands
that can bind to specific molecules or cells
indicative of diseases, enabling sensitive and
specific diagnostic tests.

8. 6.NANOPARTICLE BASED GENE THERAPY AND GENE
EDITING
• Nanoparticles can deliver therapeutic genes & gene of to
target cells,
facilitating gene therapy & gene editing in a specific cell.
• Nano particles are used as a carrier into which our gene of
interest with a protein like CRISPR Cas 9 which can edit
gene is loaded.
• When nanoparticles reach the target site it will release
gene editing protein and gene of interest into the target
cell.
• Liposomes are one of the commonly used nanoparticle for
gene therapy due to its lipidic nature.

9. 7.NANOPARTICLE
IMAGING
Some nanoparticles like
nanoparticle of iron oxide and other
nano materials are used as contrast
agents for imaging techniques like
MRI, CT and fluorescence imaging.
It enhances the efficacy of the
technique and give more reliable
and accurate results.

12. 10.Potential Benefits of Nanorobotics
One potential benefit of nanorobotics in medicine
is the ability to deliver drugs directly to cancer
cells. These robots can be programmed to target
specific cells and release medication only when
they reach their destination. This targeted drug
delivery could reduce side effects and increase
the effectiveness of treatment.
Another potential benefit is the ability to perform
non-invasive surgeries. Nanorobots could be used
to perform procedures without making large
incisions, reducing the risk of infection and
speeding up recovery time. Additionally, real-
time monitoring of a patient's condition could be
possible with nanorobots, allowing for early
detection of problems and more effective
treatment.

16. 14.Conclusion
In conclusion, nanomedicine has the
potential to revolutionize healthcare as we
know it. By using nanoparticles and
nanorobotics, we can develop targeted drug
delivery systems, non-invasive surgical
techniques, and real-time monitoring
devices that could greatly improve patient
outcomes.
While there are challenges to overcome,
such as regulatory hurdles and ethical
considerations, the benefits of
nanomedicine far outweigh the risks. With
continued investment and collaboration, we
can unlock the full potential of this exciting
field and transform the way we approach
healthcare.

17. 1. What are the most promising areas of research in nanomedicine, and how can they be applied to
improve patient outcomes?
2. What are the most significant challenges facing nanomedicine research, and how can they be
overcome?
3. How can nanomedicine be used to target specific cells or tissues, and what are the potential
implications for drug delivery and imaging?
4. How can nanomedicine be used to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of diagnostic tests, and what
are the potential applications in personalized medicine?
5. What are the ethical considerations surrounding the use of nanomedicine, and how can they be
addressed?
6. How can collaborations between researchers in different fields, such as engineering, medicine, and
biology, be leveraged to advance nanomedicine research?
7. What are the most effective ways to communicate the benefits and risks of nanomedicine to the public
and regulatory agencies?
8. How can funding agencies best support nanomedicine research, and what are the most promising
sources of funding for this field?
15.QUESTIONNAIRE

18. 1. Targeted drug delivery, advanced imaging, and regenerative medicine hold promise for
improving patient outcomes in nanomedicine.
2. Overcoming challenges in nanomedicine research: regulatory reforms, safety assessment
methods, scaling up production, and fostering collaborations.
3. Nanomedicine enables precise drug delivery and imaging to specific cells or tissues, benefiting
personalized medicine.
4. Nanomedicine enhances diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity, enabling early disease detection
and personalized medicine applications.
5. Ethical considerations in nanomedicine: patient privacy, equitable access, long-term effects,
and transparency in research and development.
6. Collaboration between engineering, medicine, and biology accelerates nanomedicine
research, benefiting interdisciplinary approaches and patient outcomes.
7. Communicating nanomedicine benefits and risks involves transparent information
dissemination, public engagement, and clear regulatory guidelines.
8. Funding nanomedicine research: grants, public-private partnerships, government agencies,
private foundations, and venture capital investments.
16.SOLUTIONS

19. 17.References
1. Farokhzad, O. C., & Langer, R. (2009). Nanomedicine: developing smarter therapeutic and
diagnostic modalities. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 58(14), 1456-1459.
2. Peer, D., Karp, J. M., Hong, S., Farokhzad, O. C., Margalit, R., & Langer, R. (2007).
Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy. Nature nanotechnology, 2(12), 751-
760.
3. Panyam, J., & Labhasetwar, V. (2003). Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug and gene
delivery to cells and tissue. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 55(3), 329-347.
4. Shi, J., & Votruba, A. R. (2013). Nanoparticles for cellular drug delivery: mechanisms and
applications. Journal of Controlled Release, 166(2), 246-257.