Slideshow from the NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHILDREN IN POVERTY (NCCP) advocating early childhood comprehensive care systems to reduce the disparities in health, development, and education that children born into poverty often experience
What is our collective responsibility in addressing global health challenges? Over
the last 4 years, World Health Day has successfully highlighted some of the most
pressing global health issues that impact us every day. How we will continue to
respond to climate changes that threaten vulnerable populations such as the very
young, elderly, and the poor? How will we increase international health security
and defend ourselves against public health emergencies such as the bird flu
and humanitarian diseases that can devastate people, societies and economies
worldwide? How can we build our healthcare workforce in response to a continued
chronic shortage? Around the world, it is our collective responsibility to answer
these questions and increase our investment of time, resources, and education to
protect our greatest assets…our health, our children, and our global environment.
Join us as we work together to increase global health awareness and contribute to
a more promising future.
Learning Outcomes: Participants will explore World Health Day global health
issues highlighted over the last 4 years and examine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
and threats in global health.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Arizona. It shows that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arizona has risen sharply since 1968, with over 44% of births occurring outside of marriage by 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 4 times as likely to be poor as married couples. The document recommends providing information on the benefits of marriage, reducing penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and promoting programs to strengthen marriages.
This document discusses child well-being across North Carolina and in Wake County. It provides an overview of Action for Children North Carolina, how they measure child well-being, and key trends seen in North Carolina such as poverty rates and economic security. Data on Wake County shows that while household income and graduation rates are high, over 35,000 children live in poverty and 1 in 9 are uninsured. The presentation ends with policy strategies to support improved child well-being.
1. The document discusses infant mortality rates in the United States, particularly disparities between African American and white populations. While infant mortality has declined overall, the U.S. rate lags behind other developed nations. African American infants die at more than twice the rate of white infants.
2. Many factors contribute to higher infant mortality among African Americans, including socioeconomic status, environmental and genetic interactions, and policies around maternity leave. Despite research, the exact causes of racial disparities remain unknown.
3. The presentation focuses on how these factors may impact outcomes for African American infants, seeking to explain why this population experiences greater infant loss in the U.S. compared to immigrant black groups from the same regions.
Infant Mortality Rate in the US Compared to SwedenKarissa Braden
This document compares the infant mortality rates of the United States and Sweden. It finds that the US has a much higher infant mortality rate despite being wealthier and spending more on healthcare. The US rate is 2.5 times higher than Sweden's. The document attributes the US's high rate to factors of high inequality, including income inequality, a large uninsured population, and racial inequality. These inequalities lead to limited access to resources and healthcare, especially among minority and low-income groups.
Steve Vitto In Support of PBIS Targeted InterventionsSteve Vitto
A PRESENTATION REVIEWING THE INFLUENCES AND CORRELATES THAT CAN PLACE A CHILD AT RISK, AND INTRODUCING SOME EVIDENCED BASED STRATEGIES
FOR SUPPORTING THESE STUDENTS. FOR FURTHER QUESTIONS CONTACT SVITTO@MUSKEGONISD.ORG
This document analyzes the overrepresentation of African American children and families in the child welfare system. It identifies this as a widespread problem that has negatively impacted African Americans. Several key factors that contribute to and perpetuate the problem are discussed, including institutional racism, the Adoption and Safe Families Act, poverty rates among African Americans, and the criminal justice system's disproportionate impact on African Americans. The CEO of Black Family Development, Inc. views overrepresentation as a serious issue caused by organizational biases and lack of cultural competence within child welfare agencies. Solutions proposed include improving data collection, establishing committees on racial equity, and providing ongoing cultural training.
Hispanics/Latinos in New York State continue to experience health disparities and poorer health outcomes compared to non-Hispanic whites. They have higher rates of chronic conditions like diabetes, HIV, asthma, and teen pregnancy. They also have lower education levels, higher poverty rates, less health insurance coverage, and language barriers that influence their health. The document outlines these disparities and calls for action to address social determinants of health and improve access to culturally-responsive healthcare services to achieve health equity for Hispanics/Latinos in New York State.
What is our collective responsibility in addressing global health challenges? Over
the last 4 years, World Health Day has successfully highlighted some of the most
pressing global health issues that impact us every day. How we will continue to
respond to climate changes that threaten vulnerable populations such as the very
young, elderly, and the poor? How will we increase international health security
and defend ourselves against public health emergencies such as the bird flu
and humanitarian diseases that can devastate people, societies and economies
worldwide? How can we build our healthcare workforce in response to a continued
chronic shortage? Around the world, it is our collective responsibility to answer
these questions and increase our investment of time, resources, and education to
protect our greatest assets…our health, our children, and our global environment.
Join us as we work together to increase global health awareness and contribute to
a more promising future.
Learning Outcomes: Participants will explore World Health Day global health
issues highlighted over the last 4 years and examine strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
and threats in global health.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Arizona. It shows that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arizona has risen sharply since 1968, with over 44% of births occurring outside of marriage by 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 4 times as likely to be poor as married couples. The document recommends providing information on the benefits of marriage, reducing penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and promoting programs to strengthen marriages.
This document discusses child well-being across North Carolina and in Wake County. It provides an overview of Action for Children North Carolina, how they measure child well-being, and key trends seen in North Carolina such as poverty rates and economic security. Data on Wake County shows that while household income and graduation rates are high, over 35,000 children live in poverty and 1 in 9 are uninsured. The presentation ends with policy strategies to support improved child well-being.
1. The document discusses infant mortality rates in the United States, particularly disparities between African American and white populations. While infant mortality has declined overall, the U.S. rate lags behind other developed nations. African American infants die at more than twice the rate of white infants.
2. Many factors contribute to higher infant mortality among African Americans, including socioeconomic status, environmental and genetic interactions, and policies around maternity leave. Despite research, the exact causes of racial disparities remain unknown.
3. The presentation focuses on how these factors may impact outcomes for African American infants, seeking to explain why this population experiences greater infant loss in the U.S. compared to immigrant black groups from the same regions.
Infant Mortality Rate in the US Compared to SwedenKarissa Braden
This document compares the infant mortality rates of the United States and Sweden. It finds that the US has a much higher infant mortality rate despite being wealthier and spending more on healthcare. The US rate is 2.5 times higher than Sweden's. The document attributes the US's high rate to factors of high inequality, including income inequality, a large uninsured population, and racial inequality. These inequalities lead to limited access to resources and healthcare, especially among minority and low-income groups.
Steve Vitto In Support of PBIS Targeted InterventionsSteve Vitto
A PRESENTATION REVIEWING THE INFLUENCES AND CORRELATES THAT CAN PLACE A CHILD AT RISK, AND INTRODUCING SOME EVIDENCED BASED STRATEGIES
FOR SUPPORTING THESE STUDENTS. FOR FURTHER QUESTIONS CONTACT SVITTO@MUSKEGONISD.ORG
This document analyzes the overrepresentation of African American children and families in the child welfare system. It identifies this as a widespread problem that has negatively impacted African Americans. Several key factors that contribute to and perpetuate the problem are discussed, including institutional racism, the Adoption and Safe Families Act, poverty rates among African Americans, and the criminal justice system's disproportionate impact on African Americans. The CEO of Black Family Development, Inc. views overrepresentation as a serious issue caused by organizational biases and lack of cultural competence within child welfare agencies. Solutions proposed include improving data collection, establishing committees on racial equity, and providing ongoing cultural training.
Hispanics/Latinos in New York State continue to experience health disparities and poorer health outcomes compared to non-Hispanic whites. They have higher rates of chronic conditions like diabetes, HIV, asthma, and teen pregnancy. They also have lower education levels, higher poverty rates, less health insurance coverage, and language barriers that influence their health. The document outlines these disparities and calls for action to address social determinants of health and improve access to culturally-responsive healthcare services to achieve health equity for Hispanics/Latinos in New York State.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Florida. It finds that:
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Florida has risen dramatically from 10.9% in 1964 to 47.5% in 2010.
2) Correspondingly, the percentage of children born to married couples has declined from over 89% in 1964 to 52.5% in 2010.
3) Children living in single-parent homes are over 4 times more likely to live in poverty than children from married, two-parent families. Both marriage and education are effective at reducing child poverty.
This document discusses the disproportionate impact of budget cuts in Washington State on communities of color. It notes that people of color make up nearly 1 in 5 residents of Washington State currently, and this proportion is expected to grow. Despite their growing numbers, communities of color in Washington face significant racial disparities in areas like homeownership, poverty, education, employment, and health. The state faced a $12 billion budget shortfall in 2009-2011, which led to cuts that impacted vulnerable communities. The projected shortfall for 2011-2013 is $4.6 billion, and further cuts are anticipated that will likely devastate communities of color. The document examines how recent supplemental budget cuts have disproportionately affected people of color and what further impacts
The document discusses how the collapse of marriage has hurt children and led to increased childhood poverty in Washington D.C. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in D.C. increased from 25% in 1964 to 54.8% in 2010. Unmarried families are over 10 times more likely to be poor, with the poverty rate being 36% for single mothers versus 3.5% for married couples. Strengthening marriage could help reduce child poverty in the city.
This document provides a summary of data from the 2009 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook about child well-being indicators in Warwick, Rhode Island. It finds that while Warwick performs better than the state average on many indicators, there are still challenges such as high rates of alcohol, drug and cigarette use among high school students. It also shows improvements over time, such as decreases in teen birth rates and the percentage of children with elevated blood levels, but there is still work to be done to improve outcomes for Warwick's children.
Steve Vitto :A Case for Tarheted Imterventions and PBISSteve Vitto
The document discusses factors that place children at risk of academic failure and identifies targeted interventions that can help support at-risk students. It notes that children from low-income families or who experience issues like poverty, lack of early literacy exposure, family instability, or behavioral/emotional problems are particularly vulnerable. The document advocates for early and individualized interventions in school, including strengthening student engagement, self-esteem, organizational skills, and relationships, to improve outcomes for at-risk children.
The document provides information about abortion rates and policies in Vietnam and America in 3-4 sentences:
1) Abortion is legal in both countries but more restricted in America, with about 1.2 million abortions annually compared to 120,000-130,000 in Vietnam.
2) In Vietnam, limited education and awareness of contraception contribute to abortion, with the highest rates in less educated women.
3) America has seen declines in its abortion rate but it remains higher than other regions, with over 40% of pregnancies ending in abortion, particularly among black and minority women.
4) Both countries show most abortions occurring early in pregnancy, within 9 weeks, but Vietnam has rising
Women and prescription on opioids is focus of this research paper. The author examines the history of prescription opioids and their affect on women in the United States. The author also discusses that state of the prescription opioids epidemic as well as the policies and regulations trying to address it.
This document provides an overview of child homelessness in the United States. It reports that in 2013, 2.5 million children experienced homelessness, representing 1 in every 30 children. Child homelessness increased in 31 states and DC from 2012 to 2013. The causes of child homelessness include high poverty rates, lack of affordable housing, impacts of the Great Recession, racial disparities, challenges of single parenting, and trauma. Effective responses require safe and affordable housing, education and employment opportunities, trauma-informed care, and prevention and treatment of depression in mothers.
This study examines factors that influence family size, specifically analyzing the relationship between number of siblings, income, education, and number of offspring. The author hypothesizes that individuals from families with more children (and thus fewer resources per child) will likely achieve lower incomes and education, and have more children of their own due to lacking the same opportunities. The study will use survey data to analyze correlations between these variables and test the "resource investment theory" which proposes that splitting resources among more children influences future outcomes. If supported, the theory suggests that coming from a larger family can perpetuate having larger families over generations.
Poverty in the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual USLGBTBIZHUB.com
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A severe global recession has brought heightened attention to poverty in the United States as the poverty rate rose over time, leveling off at 15.0% in 2011. Recent U.S. Census Bureau data demonstrates the persistence of higher poverty rates for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Children, single mothers, people with disabilities, and other groups, for example. An earlier Williams Institute study and other research showed that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)
people we are also more vulnerable to being poor, and this
study updates and extends that earlier report.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law
Box 951476
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1476
(310) 267-4382
williamsinstitute@law.ucla.edu
www.law.ucla.edu/williamsinstitute
This document provides an overview of over 100 population, poverty, and reproductive health research projects funded by various organizations. It lists each project's title, lead investigator, funding organization, and whether the project examines topics at the macro level, micro/household level, involves policy/program evaluation, focuses on HIV/AIDS, uses experimental design, concerns female empowerment, measures impacts on GDP, poverty reduction, or labor force participation/savings, or evaluates the effects of reproductive health investments and programs. The projects cover a wide range of countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, and methods.
Risk and protective factors to adolescent fatherhoodMichela Rossetti
This article examines risk and protective factors related to adolescent fatherhood among males from four ethnic groups: Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans. The study found that being married, living in poverty, living with a single father, teen substance use, and illegal activity were risk factors for adolescent fatherhood, while higher father's education and rural residence were sometimes protective factors depending on ethnicity. The risk and protective factors varied between the different ethnic groups.
1) Rapid population growth, especially among the poorest, poses difficulties for development and poverty reduction in the Philippines. Official data shows higher poverty incidence and lower human capital investment in larger families.
2) The poor prefer smaller families but are unable to achieve their preferences due to lack of access to family planning. Over half of pregnancies among the poor are unintended and unwanted births represent unmet need.
3) Ensuring access to modern family planning methods and information can help address both private and social costs of unintended pregnancies while respecting individual choice. Reproductive health and family planning programs offer benefits to individuals, the economy, and the environment.
This a c_span presentation by the US Census Bureau on the Foreign Born population in the United States. The informative slides demonstrate the growth and geographical distribution of Foreign born population by Origin.
This document discusses harm reduction strategies for injection drug users, specifically syringe services programs (SSPs). It notes that SSPs can help reduce the spread of HIV, hepatitis C, and other infections among injection drug users and the community. However, there is currently a federal ban on the use of federal funds to support SSPs. The document advocates lifting this ban, as SSPs are supported by many medical and public health organizations and enjoy support at the local and state levels. Lifting the ban could allow federal funding of SSP services other than direct syringe provision and help address health disparities among injection drug users.
NC’s Public Programs Providing Quality Health Care for Kids: Health Check / NC Health Choice, Health Check/NC Health Choice & Medical Home, Healthy & Ready to Learn Webinar, December 11, 2012
This paper analyzes factors that determine whether women in Ghana, Mali, and Nigeria have heard of effective contraceptive methods. Using Demographic and Health Survey data, the paper finds that wealthier and more educated women are much more likely to have contraceptive knowledge than poorer and less educated women. This suggests that increasing access to family planning information and services could help poorer women achieve their fertility preferences. The findings motivate policymakers to work toward universal contraceptive knowledge and access in order to reduce unintended pregnancies and disparities in fertility rates and socioeconomic outcomes.
This document provides an executive summary of the World Family Map 2013 report. The report aims to map trends in family life globally with a focus on how these trends impact child well-being. It covers family demographics like structure and socioeconomics in 45 countries. Key findings include that two-parent families are still most common globally but less so in some regions, and levels of parental education and poverty vary widely. The report also found children in two-parent homes have better educational outcomes in middle- and high-income countries compared to those with one or no parents. The World Family Map project seeks to monitor global family health and how trends influence children through an annual report.
BizScale is a consulting firm that provides business strategy and marketing services to help early stage technology companies scale up. It offers corporate strategy, business development, and marketing communications solutions. BizScale works flexibly with clients to understand objectives, leverage domain expertise through research, propose and execute strategies, and document outcomes.
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en la economía mundial. Muchos países experimentaron fuertes caídas en el PIB y aumentos en el desempleo debido a los cierres generalizados y las restricciones a los viajes. Aunque las vacunas han permitido la reapertura de muchas economías, los efectos a largo plazo de la pandemia en sectores como el turismo y los viajes aún no están claros.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos con frecuencia y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. El documento luego sugiere de manera humorística que mantener altos niveles de alcohol mata los gérmenes y previene enfermedades.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos con frecuencia y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. Sin embargo, el documento también sugiere que mantener altos niveles de alcohol mata los gérmenes y previene las enfermedades.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Florida. It finds that:
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Florida has risen dramatically from 10.9% in 1964 to 47.5% in 2010.
2) Correspondingly, the percentage of children born to married couples has declined from over 89% in 1964 to 52.5% in 2010.
3) Children living in single-parent homes are over 4 times more likely to live in poverty than children from married, two-parent families. Both marriage and education are effective at reducing child poverty.
This document discusses the disproportionate impact of budget cuts in Washington State on communities of color. It notes that people of color make up nearly 1 in 5 residents of Washington State currently, and this proportion is expected to grow. Despite their growing numbers, communities of color in Washington face significant racial disparities in areas like homeownership, poverty, education, employment, and health. The state faced a $12 billion budget shortfall in 2009-2011, which led to cuts that impacted vulnerable communities. The projected shortfall for 2011-2013 is $4.6 billion, and further cuts are anticipated that will likely devastate communities of color. The document examines how recent supplemental budget cuts have disproportionately affected people of color and what further impacts
The document discusses how the collapse of marriage has hurt children and led to increased childhood poverty in Washington D.C. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in D.C. increased from 25% in 1964 to 54.8% in 2010. Unmarried families are over 10 times more likely to be poor, with the poverty rate being 36% for single mothers versus 3.5% for married couples. Strengthening marriage could help reduce child poverty in the city.
This document provides a summary of data from the 2009 Rhode Island KIDS COUNT Factbook about child well-being indicators in Warwick, Rhode Island. It finds that while Warwick performs better than the state average on many indicators, there are still challenges such as high rates of alcohol, drug and cigarette use among high school students. It also shows improvements over time, such as decreases in teen birth rates and the percentage of children with elevated blood levels, but there is still work to be done to improve outcomes for Warwick's children.
Steve Vitto :A Case for Tarheted Imterventions and PBISSteve Vitto
The document discusses factors that place children at risk of academic failure and identifies targeted interventions that can help support at-risk students. It notes that children from low-income families or who experience issues like poverty, lack of early literacy exposure, family instability, or behavioral/emotional problems are particularly vulnerable. The document advocates for early and individualized interventions in school, including strengthening student engagement, self-esteem, organizational skills, and relationships, to improve outcomes for at-risk children.
The document provides information about abortion rates and policies in Vietnam and America in 3-4 sentences:
1) Abortion is legal in both countries but more restricted in America, with about 1.2 million abortions annually compared to 120,000-130,000 in Vietnam.
2) In Vietnam, limited education and awareness of contraception contribute to abortion, with the highest rates in less educated women.
3) America has seen declines in its abortion rate but it remains higher than other regions, with over 40% of pregnancies ending in abortion, particularly among black and minority women.
4) Both countries show most abortions occurring early in pregnancy, within 9 weeks, but Vietnam has rising
Women and prescription on opioids is focus of this research paper. The author examines the history of prescription opioids and their affect on women in the United States. The author also discusses that state of the prescription opioids epidemic as well as the policies and regulations trying to address it.
This document provides an overview of child homelessness in the United States. It reports that in 2013, 2.5 million children experienced homelessness, representing 1 in every 30 children. Child homelessness increased in 31 states and DC from 2012 to 2013. The causes of child homelessness include high poverty rates, lack of affordable housing, impacts of the Great Recession, racial disparities, challenges of single parenting, and trauma. Effective responses require safe and affordable housing, education and employment opportunities, trauma-informed care, and prevention and treatment of depression in mothers.
This study examines factors that influence family size, specifically analyzing the relationship between number of siblings, income, education, and number of offspring. The author hypothesizes that individuals from families with more children (and thus fewer resources per child) will likely achieve lower incomes and education, and have more children of their own due to lacking the same opportunities. The study will use survey data to analyze correlations between these variables and test the "resource investment theory" which proposes that splitting resources among more children influences future outcomes. If supported, the theory suggests that coming from a larger family can perpetuate having larger families over generations.
Poverty in the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual USLGBTBIZHUB.com
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A severe global recession has brought heightened attention to poverty in the United States as the poverty rate rose over time, leveling off at 15.0% in 2011. Recent U.S. Census Bureau data demonstrates the persistence of higher poverty rates for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Children, single mothers, people with disabilities, and other groups, for example. An earlier Williams Institute study and other research showed that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB)
people we are also more vulnerable to being poor, and this
study updates and extends that earlier report.
FOR MORE INFORMATION:
The Williams Institute, UCLA School of Law
Box 951476
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1476
(310) 267-4382
williamsinstitute@law.ucla.edu
www.law.ucla.edu/williamsinstitute
This document provides an overview of over 100 population, poverty, and reproductive health research projects funded by various organizations. It lists each project's title, lead investigator, funding organization, and whether the project examines topics at the macro level, micro/household level, involves policy/program evaluation, focuses on HIV/AIDS, uses experimental design, concerns female empowerment, measures impacts on GDP, poverty reduction, or labor force participation/savings, or evaluates the effects of reproductive health investments and programs. The projects cover a wide range of countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, and methods.
Risk and protective factors to adolescent fatherhoodMichela Rossetti
This article examines risk and protective factors related to adolescent fatherhood among males from four ethnic groups: Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans. The study found that being married, living in poverty, living with a single father, teen substance use, and illegal activity were risk factors for adolescent fatherhood, while higher father's education and rural residence were sometimes protective factors depending on ethnicity. The risk and protective factors varied between the different ethnic groups.
1) Rapid population growth, especially among the poorest, poses difficulties for development and poverty reduction in the Philippines. Official data shows higher poverty incidence and lower human capital investment in larger families.
2) The poor prefer smaller families but are unable to achieve their preferences due to lack of access to family planning. Over half of pregnancies among the poor are unintended and unwanted births represent unmet need.
3) Ensuring access to modern family planning methods and information can help address both private and social costs of unintended pregnancies while respecting individual choice. Reproductive health and family planning programs offer benefits to individuals, the economy, and the environment.
This a c_span presentation by the US Census Bureau on the Foreign Born population in the United States. The informative slides demonstrate the growth and geographical distribution of Foreign born population by Origin.
This document discusses harm reduction strategies for injection drug users, specifically syringe services programs (SSPs). It notes that SSPs can help reduce the spread of HIV, hepatitis C, and other infections among injection drug users and the community. However, there is currently a federal ban on the use of federal funds to support SSPs. The document advocates lifting this ban, as SSPs are supported by many medical and public health organizations and enjoy support at the local and state levels. Lifting the ban could allow federal funding of SSP services other than direct syringe provision and help address health disparities among injection drug users.
NC’s Public Programs Providing Quality Health Care for Kids: Health Check / NC Health Choice, Health Check/NC Health Choice & Medical Home, Healthy & Ready to Learn Webinar, December 11, 2012
This paper analyzes factors that determine whether women in Ghana, Mali, and Nigeria have heard of effective contraceptive methods. Using Demographic and Health Survey data, the paper finds that wealthier and more educated women are much more likely to have contraceptive knowledge than poorer and less educated women. This suggests that increasing access to family planning information and services could help poorer women achieve their fertility preferences. The findings motivate policymakers to work toward universal contraceptive knowledge and access in order to reduce unintended pregnancies and disparities in fertility rates and socioeconomic outcomes.
This document provides an executive summary of the World Family Map 2013 report. The report aims to map trends in family life globally with a focus on how these trends impact child well-being. It covers family demographics like structure and socioeconomics in 45 countries. Key findings include that two-parent families are still most common globally but less so in some regions, and levels of parental education and poverty vary widely. The report also found children in two-parent homes have better educational outcomes in middle- and high-income countries compared to those with one or no parents. The World Family Map project seeks to monitor global family health and how trends influence children through an annual report.
BizScale is a consulting firm that provides business strategy and marketing services to help early stage technology companies scale up. It offers corporate strategy, business development, and marketing communications solutions. BizScale works flexibly with clients to understand objectives, leverage domain expertise through research, propose and execute strategies, and document outcomes.
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha tenido un impacto significativo en la economía mundial. Muchos países experimentaron fuertes caídas en el PIB y aumentos en el desempleo debido a los cierres generalizados y las restricciones a los viajes. Aunque las vacunas han permitido la reapertura de muchas economías, los efectos a largo plazo de la pandemia en sectores como el turismo y los viajes aún no están claros.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos con frecuencia y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. El documento luego sugiere de manera humorística que mantener altos niveles de alcohol mata los gérmenes y previene enfermedades.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos con frecuencia y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. Sin embargo, el documento también sugiere que mantener altos niveles de alcohol mata los gérmenes y previene las enfermedades.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos con frecuencia y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. Sin embargo, el documento también sugiere que mantener altos niveles de alcohol mata los gérmenes y previene las enfermedades.
Los especialistas recomiendan comer adecuadamente con frutas y vegetales, tomar vitaminas como la C, hacer ejercicio y caminar al menos 30 minutos diarios, lavarse las manos a menudo y tomar aire fresco para evitar enfermarse. El documento luego sugiere mantener altos niveles de alcohol para mantener alejados los gérmenes, aunque esto claramente no es un consejo médico válido.
Recordar tempos idos de Lisboa habla sobre los recuerdos de una persona sobre su tiempo viviendo en Lisboa en el pasado. La persona extraña pasear por las calles de la ciudad y visitar sus cafés y restaurantes favoritos. Aunque ya no vive en Lisboa, los recuerdos de la ciudad siempre estarán en su mente.
Finally! Presentation For C Os And Af As[1]Carolyn Single
My Green Parachute is a program that allows real estate agents to continue earning referral income after leaving the business. It trains inactive agents to become professional referral agents, offers career agents residual income through a royalty program, and provides active agents a way to build a referral network. The program aims to recapture business that may be lost when agents retire or leave the industry while benefiting all involved parties through referrals and residual income opportunities.
Paho social inequities in the americas 2001 engRamon Martinez
Dr. Roses, PAHO Director, presentation on Social Inequalities in health in the Region of the Americas.
PAHO's Regional Health Observatory (RHO
Pan American health Organization (PAHO)
We explore the vaccination habits of the market as a whole & by key race / ethnic segment. The study contents include the following:
# Parents Who Vaccinated / Plan to Vaccinate Their Children
# According to Recommended Schedules
# Reasons Not to Vaccinate Their Children
# Parents Who Immunized or Plan to Immunize Their Children # Against the HPV According to Schedule
And More...
B R I E FWho Are America’s Poor ChildrenThe Official.docxjasoninnes20
This document summarizes key characteristics and statistics about poor children in America according to the official poverty measure. Some key points:
- Over 15 million (21%) American children live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level.
- Rates of child poverty vary by state and are disproportionately high among black, Hispanic, American Indian, and young children.
- Many poor children experience hardships like food insecurity, lack of health insurance, and unstable housing situations.
- The official poverty measure is criticized for being outdated and not capturing benefits received. Alternative measures usually find higher poverty rates.
S13c6 chapter 6- facts and figures on healthShivu P
Health does not mean the 'hospital and the doctors', health is the reflection of nutrition/food, water, environment, air, pollution, society, infrastructure and the leaders intelligence. In this chapter some of the facts and figures related to family and health, various causes for death in various age groups in different locations, food insecurity - hunger - under nutrition, why orphanages are increasing, environment - water supply - sanitation -its impact on health care, doctor - population ratio, money spent on health, measures taken by the government still not able to achieve the satisfactory results, why millennium development goals are not achieved and how these can be handled well with model village and model nation are mentioned.
This document provides an overview of a presentation given on the trauma caused by immigration fear and enforcement in Latino communities. The presentation discusses how immigration policy changes have increased fear and stress in Latino communities, negatively impacting mental and physical health. It also outlines a clinical approach used at school-based health centers that aims to address the needs of immigrant youth through comprehensive primary care, mental health services, and legal support. The approach emphasizes trauma-informed care, cultural humility, and resilience.
This document introduces two diversity fellows, Asad Ahmed and Allison Elwell, and their backgrounds and interests in public health. It then provides statistics about diversity in Westchester County, including data on poverty rates, the foster care system, arrests, and the languages and countries of origin of residents. Finally, it suggests seven actions individuals can take to support diversity, such as learning about different cultures, welcoming diverse ideas, and understanding how one's own identity contributes to diversity.
Nativityimmigrant Status, Raceethnicity, And Socioeconomic Determinants Of Br...Biblioteca Virtual
This document summarizes findings from a study examining breastfeeding initiation and duration rates in the United States according to nativity/immigrant status, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors. The study used data from the 2003 National Survey of Children's Health involving over 33,000 children. It found that over 72% of mothers reported ever breastfeeding, with rates declining to 52%, 38%, and 16% at 3, 6, and 12 months. Ever-breastfeeding rates varied greatly among racial/ethnic groups from 48% for native black children to 88% for some immigrant groups. Immigrant women in each racial/ethnic group had higher initiation and longer duration rates than native-born women. Lower socioeconomic
The Effect Race and Income on HIV AIDS infection in African-Americans - Sunil...Sunil Nair
Race and Income has a significant influence on susceptibility to HIV/AIDS infections; Afro-Americans (Blacks) are 1.33 times more likely to be infected than whites. A significant finding is that the income level didn't change race's effect on HIV infections. Race has a significant effect on HIV infections or is an important predictor of incidence of HIV infections independent of the income. In other words, irrespective of the income level being black and poor increases the changes of being infected with HIV/AIDS.
(HEPE) Introduction To Health Disparities 1antz505
Many youth leaders are compelled to do work with community based non-profit and local public health agencies as both a service learning and philanthropic component in their development as young professionals. However, despite invaluable experiential learning, students often don\'t comprehend key overarching issues such as health disparities, social determinants of health, health policy and community organizing. To address this gap and optimize their community based work, the Health Disparities Student Collaborative (HDSC), a Boston-based student group under Critical MASS for eliminating health disparities and the Center for Community Health Education Research and Service Inc. (CCHERS), developed a curriculum for students designed to broaden their perspectives while working with local public health, non-profit/community organizations and to develop their interest and ability to visualize the power of their collective voice as students and contributors to social justice work. The curriculum utilizes peer education and webinar software and covers three main topics: Current State of Health Disparities, Social Determinants of Health, and Youth Activism on Health Disparities/Social Determinants of Health. HDSC has collaborated with local partners CCHERS/Critical MASS and the Community Based Public Health Caucus (CBPHC) Youth Council to develop this comprehensive “Health Equality Peer Education” training.
America cares hiv-aids in black america#GOMOJO, INC.
Increase community awareness of HIV/AIDS and HIV prevention strategies.
Increase community understanding of the clinical research process.
Develop and strengthen relationships with community stakeholders, including (but not limited to) medical care providers, STD/HIV counseling and testing providers, faith leaders, Non Governmental Organizations and Community Based Organizations.
Increasingly, African Americans in general are recognizing that HIV is wreaking devastation across our communities. Those who have joined the fight against HIV and AIDS in Black communities are coming to understand that it is a difficult and multifaceted problem—but that it is also a winnable war. With this report, we aim to arm those people with the information they need to get there.
The document proposes an action plan to combat fatal genetic childhood diseases through research, education, and prevention. It summarizes advances in diagnostic testing that can screen for over 500 recessive diseases simultaneously. The plan calls for the Fatal Genetic Childhood Diseases Act to expand funding for diagnostic test development, promote public health education, and increase access to preconception and prenatal screening with the goal of reducing or eliminating these diseases. Key stakeholders needed for implementation include prospective parents, schools, researchers, healthcare providers, insurers, and non-profit organizations.
The Role of Government-Funded Assistance Programs on HIV Testing among Poor A...ICF
This study examined the impact of government assistance programs on HIV testing rates among poor adults in the United States. The study found that participation in public assistance programs, especially Medicaid and human services programs, was associated with higher rates of HIV testing compared to poor adults not enrolled in these programs. However, testing rates still did not meet the 90% target proposed in the Ending the HIV Epidemic plan. The results suggest that public assistance programs can help HIV prevention efforts but need to be strengthened, through continued funding and integration into national strategies, to improve testing among vulnerable groups.
The document summarizes evidence showing differences in mental health outcomes between male and female youth in Canada. It finds that girls are more likely to internalize issues like depression, while boys are more likely to externalize issues. It recommends developing gender-sensitive mental health policies, programs, and services for youth that consider diversity and promote empowerment through community participation.
The document discusses health disparities between African Americans and other races in Massachusetts, specifically looking at infant mortality rates. It finds that the infant mortality rate is significantly higher among African Americans compared to other races in both Massachusetts overall and the city of Worcester specifically. Some of the key factors identified as contributing to the higher rate among African Americans include lower rates of early prenatal care, higher rates of low birthweight babies and maternal complications, and social determinants like nutrition deficiencies and lack of social support. The Worcester Healthy Start Initiative program is highlighted as aiming to address some of these issues and reduce health disparities in the community.
1) The document discusses health issues among toddlers and preschool-aged children between 1-5 years old. This is a critical period of rapid development where children are vulnerable.
2) It provides an overview of developmental milestones in language, identity, social skills, and cognition between ages 1-5. Regular well-child visits are recommended to monitor growth and administer vaccines.
3) While overall health status is high, 1 in 5 children have a health condition. Factors like genetics, environment, and access to care influence health outcomes. Vaccine uptake has decreased due to misinformation despite programs to prevent disease.
C ommentariesEnding Childhood Poverty in America 0c—Mari.docxjasoninnes20
C ommentaries
Ending Childhood Poverty in America 0c—
Marian Wright Edelman
From the Children’s Defense Fund, Washington, DC
The author reports no conflicts of interest.
Address correspondence to Marian Wright Edelman, Children’s Defense Fund, 25 E St NW, Washington, DC 20001 (e-mail: [email protected]
childrensdefense.org).
A cademic Pediatrics 2016;16:S6-S7
SARAH IS 3 years old. She and her 6-year-old brother,
Bryce, are inseparable except when it’s time for him to visit
the summer food program that provides meals at a school
near their Ohio home for children who otherwise would
go hungry. Sarah’s too young to make the trip. One morn
ing after Bryce had his fill of food for the day he made a
detour before heading home. He walked to the trash cans
and began rummaging through food others threw away.
Winnie Brewer, the Food Services Supervisor in Marion
City Schools, noticed the little boy and tapped him on
the shoulder to ask why he was sifting through the garbage.
“My little sister,” he explained. “She's hungry.” Bringing
her leftover food was the only way he knew to help.
“We run into a lot of situations where kids will come and
say they have younger siblings at home,” Brewer says.
“They always want to know if they can take something
back.” After Brewer spoke with Bryce, staff members fol
lowed him home with a care package for little Sarah. This
was a temporary solution to a huge problem Brewer
worries about every day. “Until we see that child digging
food out of a trash can, it doesn’t hit home,” Brewer
says. “When it does, you know you have to do something.”
Sarah and Bryce (not their real names) are far from
alone. Hunger is only one of the dangerous risks of growing
up poor in rich America. Despite 6 years of economic re
covery, children remain the poorest group in America
and the younger they are the poorer they are. The United
States has the second highest child poverty rate among
35 industrialized countries despite having the largest econ
omy in the world. More than 1 in 5 children in America
(21.1%) were living in poverty in 2014, compared with
13.5% of people ages 18 to 64 years and 10% of those
aged 65 years and older. Nearly 1 in 4 children younger
than the age of 5 years (23.8%) are poor during some of
the years of greatest brain development. Seventy percent
of the 15.5 million poor children in America were children
of color— who already constitute most of our nation’s
youngest children and will be the majority of all the chil
dren in our nation by 2020.
Poverty hurts children, creates opportunity gaps that can
last a lifetime, and hurts the nation’s economy. The toxic
stress of early poverty stunts children’s emotional and
physical development and increases the likelihood of
poor academic achievement and dropping out of high
school, which then increases the likelihood of unemploy
ment, economic hardship, and involvement in the criminal
justice system as an adult. These effects ...
How to approach Patient Diversity in the Medical Environmentflasco_org
Providing a course that is relevant, practical and patient-centered that will positively impact the speed in which entry-level oncology specialists integrate into the oncology practice setting.
Teen Pregnancy Precede-Proceed Phase 1 Although we have s.docxmehek4
This document discusses teen pregnancy at multiple levels - national, state, and local. At the national level, the US has higher teen birth rates than other developed countries despite declines. Each year, teen childbearing costs the US $6 billion in lost tax revenue and $2 billion in public expenditures. In California in 2005, there were 96,490 teen pregnancies among girls aged 15-19, with Hispanic girls having the highest rates and numbers of teen births. In San Diego, with a teen population of 709,916, there were 26,385 teen pregnancies in the past year, with Latinas having disproportionately higher rates. Risk factors for teen pregnancy are discussed at each level and include socioeconomic status, education,
The document discusses several key issues affecting children globally including child poverty, material deprivation, and lack of opportunities that hinder children's development. It outlines vulnerabilities children face at different stages of life from in utero to adolescence. These include exposure to infections and malnutrition before birth, stunting during early childhood, lack of education access during school-age years, and few opportunities for youth. The life cycle approach is presented as a tool to assess multidimensional poverty across ages.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
Dr. Tan's Balance Method.pdf (From Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin)GeorgeKieling1
Home
Organization
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
About AOMA: The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin offers a masters-level graduate program in acupuncture and Oriental medicine, preparing its students for careers as skilled, professional practitioners. AOMA is known for its internationally recognized faculty, award-winning student clinical internship program, and herbal medicine program. Since its founding in 1993, AOMA has grown rapidly in size and reputation, drawing students from around the nation and faculty from around the world. AOMA also conducts more than 20,000 patient visits annually in its student and professional clinics. AOMA collaborates with Western healthcare institutions including the Seton Family of Hospitals, and gives back to the community through partnerships with nonprofit organizations and by providing free and reduced price treatments to people who cannot afford them. The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin is located at 2700 West Anderson Lane. AOMA also serves patients and retail customers at its south Austin location, 4701 West Gate Blvd. For more information see www.aoma.edu or call 512-492-303434.
Computer in pharmaceutical research and development-Mpharm(Pharmaceutics)MuskanShingari
Statistics- Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting numerical data to assist in making more effective decisions.
A statistics is a measure which is used to estimate the population parameter
Parameters-It is used to describe the properties of an entire population.
Examples-Measures of central tendency Dispersion, Variance, Standard Deviation (SD), Absolute Error, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Eigen Value
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
2. Established at the National Center for Children in
Poverty (NCCP), Project THRIVE is a public policy
analysis and education initiative to promote healthy
child development.
This work is supported through a cooperative agreement with the
Maternal and Child Health Bureau, HRSA-DHHS.
www.nccp.org
3. Reducing Disparities begins with Babies
• Many health disparities are rooted in early
childhood. With early health risks and conditions
contributing to disparities across the lifespan.
• They reflect gaps in access to services, unequal
treatment, adverse congenital health conditions,
and exposures in the early years linked to elevated
community and family risks. (IOM, Smedley at al, 2003; Lu
and Halfon, 2003; Yeung et al, 2002; Newacheck et al, 2003)
• Many risks and conditions can be addressed in the
early years of life. Thus, literally, reducing
disparities begins with babies.
www.nccp.org
4. “Differential exposure to a broad range of
social and behavioral factors can importantly
affect the distribution of disease, disability,
and death. Race, SES, and gender are social
categories that are linked to varying
exposures to health-enhancing or health-
damaging factors in multiple social contexts,
including family, neighborhood, and work
environments.” (David R. Williams, RWJF)
www.nccp.org
5. Distribution of Children 0-6 by
Race/ethnicity & Income Status, US, 2005
60
White
50
African
American
40
Hispanic
American
30
Asian
American
20
Native
American
10
Multi-
0 race/ethncity
All children 0-6 Poor children 0-6
www.nccp.org
6. Disparate Risks:
Living in a Poor Family
• Young children are more likely than older children
to live in families without economic security.
• Of the 5.2 million US children ages birth to three,
43% live in low-income families (income below
200% of the federal poverty level). (NCCP)
• The interaction between poverty and race/ethnicity
is an important factor; however, poverty also
creates risks among white children and
racial/ethnic status is an independent risk factor.
(House and Williams, 2000)
www.nccp.org
7. Disparate Risks and Outcomes:
Low Birthweight & Prematurity
• Being born at low
16
birthweight or
14
White
12
premature, places a
African
10
child at risk for poor
American
Hispanic
8
development and
American
Native
6
health complications.
American
Asian
4 (Gortmaker and Wise, 1997)
American
2
Graph: Low-birthweight
0
birthrates showed continuing
Percent low birthweight
racial/ethnic gaps, 2004.(NCHS)
www.nccp.org
8. Disparate Risks and Outcomes:
Maternal Depression
– Low income and minority women are
disproportionately likely to be affected by maternal
depression, with rates reaching as high as 40%.
(Isaacs, 2006)
– The effects of maternal depression on children
range from lower reading and language scores to
higher incidences of mental health issues and
depression. (Onunaku, 2003)
www.nccp.org
9. Disparate Risks and Outcomes:
Social-emotional development and
Mental Health
• Young children from low-income and
minority households are at increased risk
for mental health and developmental
problems. (Shonkoff and Phillips, 2000)
• An estimated 17% of U.S. children have a
developmental or behavioral disability that
may affect impact school readiness, less
than half are identified before school entry.
(CDC-NCBDDD)
www.nccp.org
10. Disparate Risks and Outcomes:
Oral Health
– Dental caries is the most common chronic
childhood disease, affecting 5-7 times as many
children as asthma. (Children’s Dental Health Project, 2005)
– 20-25% of US children – primarily poor and
minority children – experience 80% of decay.
– Low-income and minority families have higher
levels of untreated early childhood caries.
– Over half of 5- to 9-year-old children have at least
one cavity or filling. (Crall, UCLA, 2005)
www.nccp.org
11. Disparate Risks & Outcomes:
Obesity
• The trend in obesity among U.S. children is
alarming and low-income and minority
children face excess risks. (Haas et al. 2003)
• In 2004, 13.9% of 2-5 year olds were
obese or overweight, indicating a need for
early intervention. (NHANES)
• Both breastfeeding and good nutrition in
early childhood play an important role in
reducing obesity.
www.nccp.org
12. Inequitable Access to Services:
Immunization
• The immunization gap
80
between minority and
white infants and toddlers
79
White
has narrowed, but rates
78
African
among minority children
American
77
Hispanic
remain lower. (Barker, Chu,
American
76 Shaw, and Santoli, 2006)
Asian
American
75 Multi-
race/ethnicity Graph: immunization rates for the
74 basic (4:3:1:3:3:1) series among
infants and toddlers, 2004. (CDC-NIP)
73
Basic Series
www.nccp.org
13. Inequitable Access to Services
• Health coverage has been shown to
reduce disparities. Yet minority children
remain less likely than their counterparts to
have health coverage, public or private.
(Shone et al, 2005; Stevens, Seid et al, 2006)
• With Medicaid and the State Children’s
Health Insurance Program, the great
majority of low income children are eligible
for publicly subsidized health coverage.
(Kaiser Family Foundation, 2006)
www.nccp.org
14. Unequal Treatment
For African-American and Hispanic families:
– higher rates of unmet need for early childhood
development services in pediatric care. (NSECH)
– significantly fewer telephone calls to pediatric
provider practices than whites (2.0, 3.1, and 4.3
average calls, respectively). (Halfon, Inkeles, Abrams,
and Stevens)
– providers significantly less likely to refer children
to specialists. (Flores, Olson, and Tomany-Korman, 2005)
www.nccp.org
15. Early Childhood Comprehensive
Systems can help reduce disparities.
• Through their role in linking multiple services and
systems, including health, mental health, early
care and education, and family support, State
ECCS Initiatives can have substantial impact on
unequal access and treatment.
• ECCS should assure that higher-risk, low-income,
and minority communities have quality services
– pediatric medical homes and developmental services;
– child care centers meet highest quality standards;
– family support programs specifically designed to
competently serve low-income and minority families.
www.nccp.org
16. Potential ECCS Strategies:
Inform Yourself & State Planning
Become informed
• Review the Institute of Medicine’s recommendations for addressing
unequal treatment
• Review the NIH Strategic Plan for Reducing Disparities
• Read reports and articles on racial/ethnic and income disparities
among children
Use data and monitoring to guide planning
• Analyze your state’s data on risk, access, and outcomes
• Encourage your state Medicaid agency to use data on race/ethnicity
• Include measures of race/ethnicity in performance monitoring and
indicator sets
• Conduct analyses to identify unequal treatment
www.nccp.org
17. Potential ECCS Strategies:
Improve Services
Adopt strategies to increase cultural and
linguistic competency of providers & services
• Integrate cultural competency training into early childhood
workforce training
• Assure that parent education materials are translated into
relevant languages for families in your state and
encourage use of translation services
• Link early childhood systems development efforts to
programs and projects aimed at undoing racism and
eliminating poverty.
www.nccp.org
18. Potential ECCS Strategies:
Improve Community Supports
Support early childhood systems develop-
ment in communities with concentrations
of poor and minority families.
• Direct limited resources for local systems.
• Offer incentives for community development.
• Assess community risks and strengths/assets.
• Focus on improving quality of services available.
www.nccp.org
19. For more information or questions,
contact us at Project THRIVE
646-284-9644 ext. 6456
Thrive@nccp.org
Kay Johnson, MPH, MEd Jane Knitzer, EdD
Executive Director,
THRIVE Project Director
National Center for Children in
Poverty
Suzanne Theberge, MPH Leslie Davidson, MD
Senior Health Advisor
THRIVE Project Coordinator
www.nccp.org