The document provides information about abortion rates and policies in Vietnam and America in 3-4 sentences:
1) Abortion is legal in both countries but more restricted in America, with about 1.2 million abortions annually compared to 120,000-130,000 in Vietnam.
2) In Vietnam, limited education and awareness of contraception contribute to abortion, with the highest rates in less educated women.
3) America has seen declines in its abortion rate but it remains higher than other regions, with over 40% of pregnancies ending in abortion, particularly among black and minority women.
4) Both countries show most abortions occurring early in pregnancy, within 9 weeks, but Vietnam has rising
The document discusses arguments on both sides of the abortion debate between pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. Pro-life believes life begins at conception and that abortion is ending a human life, while pro-choice believes women have the right to control their own bodies and make their own choices regarding pregnancy termination. The document outlines key positions such as when personhood begins, women's rights vs fetal rights, health risks of abortion, and religious perspectives from both sides of the complex issue.
Abortion has been one of the major controversies in our contemporary society. Some people are in support to legalization of abortion, others are yet undecided on which side to support, and the rest are in total opposition of the notion of legalizing abortion. Abortion is the termination of the pregnancy by removal of the fetus or embryo before its complete growth. The process of abortion can be induced either artificially or naturally due to ranging reasons be it positive or negative. In this research paper I will cover both sides in order to establish a conclusion as to whether abortion should be legalized or not. I will cover both the positive and negative effects to an individual or the society at large.
Birth Control Issues In The Developing Worldgnschmitt
This document discusses issues around birth control in developing countries. It notes that many forms of birth control and forced sterilization have been used to control populations where poverty is prevalent. It examines arguments both for and against birth control from an ethics perspective. It concludes that education is the best policy and contraceptives should be made available by choice, not by force.
The document discusses a team project on the issue of abortion. It provides background on the history of abortion laws and perspectives from both pro-life and pro-choice advocates. It also examines some of the key issues in the debate including morality, safety, and the influence of religion. The document analyzes statistics on abortion and considers different stakeholders' involvement in the issue. It concludes that finding a compromise with reasonable restrictions may be the best approach given the moral complexities around the topic.
This document discusses how marriage can help reduce childhood poverty in Hawaii. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Hawaii has risen dramatically since the 1960s, from 6.6% to 37.8% in 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with the poverty rate being 25.8% for single mothers compared to 4.5% for married couples. The document recommends three steps to help reduce child poverty through marriage: 1) provide information on the benefits of marriage, 2) reduce penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and 3) promote programs to strengthen marriages and reduce divorce.
The document provides an introduction to abortion and discusses several key topics:
1. It defines abortion and discusses some common reasons women seek abortions, such as financial constraints, unwanted pregnancies, and rape.
2. It examines why abortion is legal in some countries based on the idea that women have rights that embryos and fetuses lack until viability.
3. It explores some of the processes used for abortions as well as the potential health risks to women and emotional effects after an abortion.
The introduction aims to answer questions about abortion procedures, legality, health risks, and reasons for seeking an abortion. It does so through defining key terms and discussing abortion from various perspectives.
The document discusses different aspects of abortion including types of abortion procedures, reasons women have abortions, abortion laws in the U.S. and around the world, and arguments for and against legalizing abortion. It provides statistics on the number of abortions performed annually in the U.S. and discusses whether the father should have a say and reasons some want to keep abortions legal, such as to prevent overpopulation.
1) The document discusses how the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Oregon has risen dramatically since the 1960s, from 5% to 35.7% in 2010, and how this impacts child poverty rates.
2) It shows that married couple families have much lower poverty rates (6.7% for married couples vs. 38.1% for single mothers).
3) Unwed birth rates vary strongly by race - over 60% of black children are born out of wedlock compared to around 30-50% for Hispanic and white children.
The document discusses arguments on both sides of the abortion debate between pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. Pro-life believes life begins at conception and that abortion is ending a human life, while pro-choice believes women have the right to control their own bodies and make their own choices regarding pregnancy termination. The document outlines key positions such as when personhood begins, women's rights vs fetal rights, health risks of abortion, and religious perspectives from both sides of the complex issue.
Abortion has been one of the major controversies in our contemporary society. Some people are in support to legalization of abortion, others are yet undecided on which side to support, and the rest are in total opposition of the notion of legalizing abortion. Abortion is the termination of the pregnancy by removal of the fetus or embryo before its complete growth. The process of abortion can be induced either artificially or naturally due to ranging reasons be it positive or negative. In this research paper I will cover both sides in order to establish a conclusion as to whether abortion should be legalized or not. I will cover both the positive and negative effects to an individual or the society at large.
Birth Control Issues In The Developing Worldgnschmitt
This document discusses issues around birth control in developing countries. It notes that many forms of birth control and forced sterilization have been used to control populations where poverty is prevalent. It examines arguments both for and against birth control from an ethics perspective. It concludes that education is the best policy and contraceptives should be made available by choice, not by force.
The document discusses a team project on the issue of abortion. It provides background on the history of abortion laws and perspectives from both pro-life and pro-choice advocates. It also examines some of the key issues in the debate including morality, safety, and the influence of religion. The document analyzes statistics on abortion and considers different stakeholders' involvement in the issue. It concludes that finding a compromise with reasonable restrictions may be the best approach given the moral complexities around the topic.
This document discusses how marriage can help reduce childhood poverty in Hawaii. It provides statistics showing that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Hawaii has risen dramatically since the 1960s, from 6.6% to 37.8% in 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with the poverty rate being 25.8% for single mothers compared to 4.5% for married couples. The document recommends three steps to help reduce child poverty through marriage: 1) provide information on the benefits of marriage, 2) reduce penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and 3) promote programs to strengthen marriages and reduce divorce.
The document provides an introduction to abortion and discusses several key topics:
1. It defines abortion and discusses some common reasons women seek abortions, such as financial constraints, unwanted pregnancies, and rape.
2. It examines why abortion is legal in some countries based on the idea that women have rights that embryos and fetuses lack until viability.
3. It explores some of the processes used for abortions as well as the potential health risks to women and emotional effects after an abortion.
The introduction aims to answer questions about abortion procedures, legality, health risks, and reasons for seeking an abortion. It does so through defining key terms and discussing abortion from various perspectives.
The document discusses different aspects of abortion including types of abortion procedures, reasons women have abortions, abortion laws in the U.S. and around the world, and arguments for and against legalizing abortion. It provides statistics on the number of abortions performed annually in the U.S. and discusses whether the father should have a say and reasons some want to keep abortions legal, such as to prevent overpopulation.
1) The document discusses how the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Oregon has risen dramatically since the 1960s, from 5% to 35.7% in 2010, and how this impacts child poverty rates.
2) It shows that married couple families have much lower poverty rates (6.7% for married couples vs. 38.1% for single mothers).
3) Unwed birth rates vary strongly by race - over 60% of black children are born out of wedlock compared to around 30-50% for Hispanic and white children.
The document discusses the complex moral issues surrounding abortion from multiple perspectives. It examines how groups define key terms related to pregnancy and abortion differently, which complicates dialogue. It also explores the two main positions on abortion - those who believe abortion should be allowed in most or all cases based on a woman's right to choose (pro-choice), and those who believe the government should restrict abortion based on the belief that human life begins at conception (pro-life). It aims to take a more moderate approach to find common ground between these opposing views.
This document discusses various methods for sex selection, both pre-implantation and post-implantation. Pre-implantation methods include the Ericsson method, IVF/PGD, and sperm sorting. Post-implantation methods include sex-selective abortion and infanticide. The most reliable method is PGD during IVF, which can select gender with near 100% accuracy. However, sex selection raises ethical concerns and is legally regulated differently in various countries and regions.
The document argues that abortion should be illegal for several reasons. It provides statistics on abortion in the US and notes that adoption is a viable alternative. The document claims that abortion can cause psychological and physical harm to women. It also argues that the fetus has legal rights and that abortion is against a doctor's oath to do no harm. The document concludes that abortion amounts to murder and should be banned.
This document discusses ethical issues pertaining to abortion. It begins by defining ethics and abortion. It then outlines abortion laws in India, including that abortion is legal up to 20 weeks of pregnancy under specific conditions, and describes the conditions under which abortion is permitted under the Indian MTP Act. The document also discusses abortion laws in the US, legal arguments regarding abortion, reasons women seek abortions, abortion procedures and health risks, and arguments for and against abortion from both pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. It concludes that abortion is a complex issue that is sometimes ethical and sometimes unethical, and that reducing unwanted pregnancies could help address this debate.
1. The document discusses infant mortality rates in the United States, particularly disparities between African American and white populations. While infant mortality has declined overall, the U.S. rate lags behind other developed nations. African American infants die at more than twice the rate of white infants.
2. Many factors contribute to higher infant mortality among African Americans, including socioeconomic status, environmental and genetic interactions, and policies around maternity leave. Despite research, the exact causes of racial disparities remain unknown.
3. The presentation focuses on how these factors may impact outcomes for African American infants, seeking to explain why this population experiences greater infant loss in the U.S. compared to immigrant black groups from the same regions.
The document discusses abortion laws and statistics in Canada and worldwide. It outlines the key arguments from both pro-choice and pro-life perspectives on issues including when life begins, a woman's right to choose, and health risks. Major court cases that impacted Canadian law are summarized, along with statistics on the number of abortions annually in Canada and their economic and social impacts. Worldwide abortion statistics and laws in different countries are also presented.
Key facts sheet on how legal abortion is hurting young WOMENDenise Mountenay
WOMEN have a right to know about all of the RISKs of legal abortion. Those in the abortion industry are making millions of dollars doing this horrific surgery inside the wombs of women. They also systematically poison, decapitate, crush and rip apart tiny babies...making the womb a tomb.
Abortion should be legal but also regulatedEchi JC
Abortion should be legal but regulated with certain restrictions. While an estimated 123 million women have intended pregnancies each year, 87 million become unintentionally pregnant. 46 million of 211 million annual pregnancies end in abortion. Reasons for legalizing abortion include that making it illegal does not stop it from occurring and allows women control over their lives and health decisions. However, regulations are needed to prevent abuse and ensure safe, legal access to abortion services. Common restrictions include gestational limits, physician requirements, waiting periods, and parental involvement for minors. Continued education and access to contraception are presented as solutions to reduce unintended pregnancy.
Legalisation of abortion in malawi: Pro-life or Pro-choiceCharles Mhango
This document discusses the debate around legalizing abortion in Malawi from both pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. It provides background on abortion rates and reasons women seek abortion in Malawi. Arguments for legalizing abortion include preventing unsafe abortions and reducing maternal mortality. However, opponents argue abortion is killing and causes emotional harm. The document also examines ethical considerations around autonomy and the right to life. Overall, it presents both sides of the complex debate around legalizing abortion in Malawi.
The document discusses the debate around abortion from both sides. Pro-choice arguments include that women have reproductive rights to decide to carry a baby to term or not, and that a fetus is not legally considered a human being. However, others argue that abortion is equivalent to murder as it ends a potential human life without consent. The document also notes health risks to women from abortion as well as ethical and religious considerations on both sides of the debate.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Florida. It finds that:
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Florida has risen dramatically from 10.9% in 1964 to 47.5% in 2010.
2) Correspondingly, the percentage of children born to married couples has declined from over 89% in 1964 to 52.5% in 2010.
3) Children living in single-parent homes are over 4 times more likely to live in poverty than children from married, two-parent families. Both marriage and education are effective at reducing child poverty.
This document discusses opposing viewpoints on abortion and proposed solutions. It begins by defining abortion and describing the different types. It then notes that the majority of abortions are obtained by women between the ages 20-29, and that most women cite concerns about responsibility, financial reasons, and interference with life plans as reasons for getting an abortion. The document concludes by proposing solutions like overturning Roe v. Wade, recognizing fetal personhood, and restricting access to abortion drugs, arguing that every baby deserves a chance at life.
Different types of abortion procedures are described including manual vacuum aspiration, suction curettage, dilation and curettage (D&C), dilation and evacuation (D&E), saline, prostaglandin, hysterotomy, and dilation and extraction (D&X). Abortion is defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks, which ends a pregnancy by destroying and removing the developing child. Common reasons people seek abortions include age, financial situation, pregnancy resulting from rape, marital status, failure of birth control, and to prevent the birth of a child with medical conditions. Both pro-life and pro-choice arguments are outlined regarding when life begins and the right to
Abortion ends a pregnancy by killing the developing human being. While some women choose abortion due to financial constraints, family size preferences, or health issues, it is a painful procedure that can cause physical, emotional, and psychological problems. Many major world religions consider abortion to be against their doctrines. Adoption and seeking help from family or friends are alternatives presented.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Arizona. It shows that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arizona has risen sharply since 1968, with over 44% of births occurring outside of marriage by 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 4 times as likely to be poor as married couples. The document recommends providing information on the benefits of marriage, reducing penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and promoting programs to strengthen marriages.
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy, whether by choice or accident. Abortion is legal in many countries including the United States, but illegal in others. Half of women who get abortions are under 25, and 60% have never been married. Getting an abortion can be a difficult decision that may lead to emotional trauma. Reasons for abortion include rape, health concerns for the mother or baby, and social or personal issues. While abortion may be traumatic, childbirth could also be physically and mentally challenging. Some risks of abortion include guilt, complications, and psychological issues. Adoption is an alternative that allows the baby's right to life.
The document discusses arguments for keeping abortion legal in the United States. It notes that about 1.1 million abortions occur annually in the US, with over half among women under 25 years old. Reasons women have abortions include inability to support a child, health concerns for the mother or baby, and contraceptive failure. The document argues that making abortion illegal would endanger women's health and human rights by forcing them to seek unsafe, illegal abortions, and would disproportionately affect those who cannot support or care for children.
This document discusses abortion statistics in the United States, methods of abortion, risks of abortion, and alternatives to abortion. Over 1 million abortions occur annually in the US, with over half of women seeking abortions having had a previous one. The risks of abortion include medical complications as well as potential emotional issues. Alternatives mentioned include adoption, surrogacy, and placing the child in foster care. Sources provided at the end include statistics on abortion from the Guttmacher Institute and personal stories about abortion.
George Gerbner's study analyzed over 1,600 prime-time television programs and found skewed portrayals across several dimensions. Women and minorities like blacks were often portrayed stereotypically. Blue-collar jobs were underrepresented while high-status professions like doctors were overrepresented. Television also exaggerated the level of crime and healthcare outcomes. Overall, Gerbner argued television cultivated a distorted view of reality that influenced how viewers saw the world.
I do not have enough context to fully answer those questions based on the provided documents. The documents discuss various topics related to popular music and its commercialization but do not seem to directly address those specific questions.
The document discusses several perspectives on the relationship between society, politics, and filmmaking:
1. Sydney Pollack argues that changes in society's values drive changes in movies, not the other way around, while others note filmmakers must balance moral messages with commercial interests.
2. Documentaries have become more openly political as network news presents a distorted reality. Filmgoers choose movies providing a clearer version of current events.
3. The politics of moviemaking can involve straight confrontations of issues or allegory and metaphor. Political films have addressed events like the Vietnam War and 9/11.
The document discusses the complex moral issues surrounding abortion from multiple perspectives. It examines how groups define key terms related to pregnancy and abortion differently, which complicates dialogue. It also explores the two main positions on abortion - those who believe abortion should be allowed in most or all cases based on a woman's right to choose (pro-choice), and those who believe the government should restrict abortion based on the belief that human life begins at conception (pro-life). It aims to take a more moderate approach to find common ground between these opposing views.
This document discusses various methods for sex selection, both pre-implantation and post-implantation. Pre-implantation methods include the Ericsson method, IVF/PGD, and sperm sorting. Post-implantation methods include sex-selective abortion and infanticide. The most reliable method is PGD during IVF, which can select gender with near 100% accuracy. However, sex selection raises ethical concerns and is legally regulated differently in various countries and regions.
The document argues that abortion should be illegal for several reasons. It provides statistics on abortion in the US and notes that adoption is a viable alternative. The document claims that abortion can cause psychological and physical harm to women. It also argues that the fetus has legal rights and that abortion is against a doctor's oath to do no harm. The document concludes that abortion amounts to murder and should be banned.
This document discusses ethical issues pertaining to abortion. It begins by defining ethics and abortion. It then outlines abortion laws in India, including that abortion is legal up to 20 weeks of pregnancy under specific conditions, and describes the conditions under which abortion is permitted under the Indian MTP Act. The document also discusses abortion laws in the US, legal arguments regarding abortion, reasons women seek abortions, abortion procedures and health risks, and arguments for and against abortion from both pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. It concludes that abortion is a complex issue that is sometimes ethical and sometimes unethical, and that reducing unwanted pregnancies could help address this debate.
1. The document discusses infant mortality rates in the United States, particularly disparities between African American and white populations. While infant mortality has declined overall, the U.S. rate lags behind other developed nations. African American infants die at more than twice the rate of white infants.
2. Many factors contribute to higher infant mortality among African Americans, including socioeconomic status, environmental and genetic interactions, and policies around maternity leave. Despite research, the exact causes of racial disparities remain unknown.
3. The presentation focuses on how these factors may impact outcomes for African American infants, seeking to explain why this population experiences greater infant loss in the U.S. compared to immigrant black groups from the same regions.
The document discusses abortion laws and statistics in Canada and worldwide. It outlines the key arguments from both pro-choice and pro-life perspectives on issues including when life begins, a woman's right to choose, and health risks. Major court cases that impacted Canadian law are summarized, along with statistics on the number of abortions annually in Canada and their economic and social impacts. Worldwide abortion statistics and laws in different countries are also presented.
Key facts sheet on how legal abortion is hurting young WOMENDenise Mountenay
WOMEN have a right to know about all of the RISKs of legal abortion. Those in the abortion industry are making millions of dollars doing this horrific surgery inside the wombs of women. They also systematically poison, decapitate, crush and rip apart tiny babies...making the womb a tomb.
Abortion should be legal but also regulatedEchi JC
Abortion should be legal but regulated with certain restrictions. While an estimated 123 million women have intended pregnancies each year, 87 million become unintentionally pregnant. 46 million of 211 million annual pregnancies end in abortion. Reasons for legalizing abortion include that making it illegal does not stop it from occurring and allows women control over their lives and health decisions. However, regulations are needed to prevent abuse and ensure safe, legal access to abortion services. Common restrictions include gestational limits, physician requirements, waiting periods, and parental involvement for minors. Continued education and access to contraception are presented as solutions to reduce unintended pregnancy.
Legalisation of abortion in malawi: Pro-life or Pro-choiceCharles Mhango
This document discusses the debate around legalizing abortion in Malawi from both pro-life and pro-choice perspectives. It provides background on abortion rates and reasons women seek abortion in Malawi. Arguments for legalizing abortion include preventing unsafe abortions and reducing maternal mortality. However, opponents argue abortion is killing and causes emotional harm. The document also examines ethical considerations around autonomy and the right to life. Overall, it presents both sides of the complex debate around legalizing abortion in Malawi.
The document discusses the debate around abortion from both sides. Pro-choice arguments include that women have reproductive rights to decide to carry a baby to term or not, and that a fetus is not legally considered a human being. However, others argue that abortion is equivalent to murder as it ends a potential human life without consent. The document also notes health risks to women from abortion as well as ethical and religious considerations on both sides of the debate.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Florida. It finds that:
1) The percentage of children born out of wedlock in Florida has risen dramatically from 10.9% in 1964 to 47.5% in 2010.
2) Correspondingly, the percentage of children born to married couples has declined from over 89% in 1964 to 52.5% in 2010.
3) Children living in single-parent homes are over 4 times more likely to live in poverty than children from married, two-parent families. Both marriage and education are effective at reducing child poverty.
This document discusses opposing viewpoints on abortion and proposed solutions. It begins by defining abortion and describing the different types. It then notes that the majority of abortions are obtained by women between the ages 20-29, and that most women cite concerns about responsibility, financial reasons, and interference with life plans as reasons for getting an abortion. The document concludes by proposing solutions like overturning Roe v. Wade, recognizing fetal personhood, and restricting access to abortion drugs, arguing that every baby deserves a chance at life.
Different types of abortion procedures are described including manual vacuum aspiration, suction curettage, dilation and curettage (D&C), dilation and evacuation (D&E), saline, prostaglandin, hysterotomy, and dilation and extraction (D&X). Abortion is defined as the deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks, which ends a pregnancy by destroying and removing the developing child. Common reasons people seek abortions include age, financial situation, pregnancy resulting from rape, marital status, failure of birth control, and to prevent the birth of a child with medical conditions. Both pro-life and pro-choice arguments are outlined regarding when life begins and the right to
Abortion ends a pregnancy by killing the developing human being. While some women choose abortion due to financial constraints, family size preferences, or health issues, it is a painful procedure that can cause physical, emotional, and psychological problems. Many major world religions consider abortion to be against their doctrines. Adoption and seeking help from family or friends are alternatives presented.
This document discusses marriage and child poverty in Arizona. It shows that the percentage of children born out of wedlock in Arizona has risen sharply since 1968, with over 44% of births occurring outside of marriage by 2010. Unmarried families are much more likely to live in poverty, with single mothers nearly 4 times as likely to be poor as married couples. The document recommends providing information on the benefits of marriage, reducing penalties for marriage in welfare programs, and promoting programs to strengthen marriages.
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy, whether by choice or accident. Abortion is legal in many countries including the United States, but illegal in others. Half of women who get abortions are under 25, and 60% have never been married. Getting an abortion can be a difficult decision that may lead to emotional trauma. Reasons for abortion include rape, health concerns for the mother or baby, and social or personal issues. While abortion may be traumatic, childbirth could also be physically and mentally challenging. Some risks of abortion include guilt, complications, and psychological issues. Adoption is an alternative that allows the baby's right to life.
The document discusses arguments for keeping abortion legal in the United States. It notes that about 1.1 million abortions occur annually in the US, with over half among women under 25 years old. Reasons women have abortions include inability to support a child, health concerns for the mother or baby, and contraceptive failure. The document argues that making abortion illegal would endanger women's health and human rights by forcing them to seek unsafe, illegal abortions, and would disproportionately affect those who cannot support or care for children.
This document discusses abortion statistics in the United States, methods of abortion, risks of abortion, and alternatives to abortion. Over 1 million abortions occur annually in the US, with over half of women seeking abortions having had a previous one. The risks of abortion include medical complications as well as potential emotional issues. Alternatives mentioned include adoption, surrogacy, and placing the child in foster care. Sources provided at the end include statistics on abortion from the Guttmacher Institute and personal stories about abortion.
George Gerbner's study analyzed over 1,600 prime-time television programs and found skewed portrayals across several dimensions. Women and minorities like blacks were often portrayed stereotypically. Blue-collar jobs were underrepresented while high-status professions like doctors were overrepresented. Television also exaggerated the level of crime and healthcare outcomes. Overall, Gerbner argued television cultivated a distorted view of reality that influenced how viewers saw the world.
I do not have enough context to fully answer those questions based on the provided documents. The documents discuss various topics related to popular music and its commercialization but do not seem to directly address those specific questions.
The document discusses several perspectives on the relationship between society, politics, and filmmaking:
1. Sydney Pollack argues that changes in society's values drive changes in movies, not the other way around, while others note filmmakers must balance moral messages with commercial interests.
2. Documentaries have become more openly political as network news presents a distorted reality. Filmgoers choose movies providing a clearer version of current events.
3. The politics of moviemaking can involve straight confrontations of issues or allegory and metaphor. Political films have addressed events like the Vietnam War and 9/11.
This document discusses subcultures and countercultures and their relationship to mainstream culture. It defines mainstream culture as forms of culture that are widely accessible and intended for mass consumption, while subcultures and countercultures consciously challenge the values, ideas, and structures of mainstream culture through their actions and practices. Subcultures tend to be youth-oriented groups that exist outside of the mainstream, while countercultures have the explicit goal of changing the world through their cultural objects and political views. The document also examines how popular representations influence perceptions of subcultures and how subcultures articulate complex politics through demanding attention, connecting to other modes of politics, and engaging with social spaces.
[Group 2] representation and the construction of social realityDuy Đức
The document discusses various approaches to analyzing representations in media, including semiotics and discourse analysis. It provides an overview of semiotic theory according to Ferdinand de Saussure and the concept of signs, signifiers, and signifieds. It also discusses Michel Foucault's theories of discourse and how meanings are constructed through language within historical contexts. Specific examples are given of how concepts like "hysteria" and types of crime have been discursively constructed. The summary concludes that representation through language shapes reality and media plays a role in defining social meanings and norms.
[Group 2] representation and the construction of social realityDuy Đức
This document provides an outline and summaries of several approaches to analyzing advertising, including semiotic and discursive approaches. It discusses Ferdinand de Saussure's structuralist semiotic approach which views language as a system of signs. It also summarizes Michel Foucault's discursive approach, which examines how discourse produces forms of knowledge that differ based on historical context. Several articles are summarized that discuss how advertising appeals to human needs and emotions, the role of sales language, portrayals of women in advertising, and debates around the informational versus manipulative nature of advertising.
This document discusses the concept of a green economy and its applicability to analyzing one's standpoint as a global citizen. It defines a green economy as one that improves human well-being and reduces environmental risks, using clean energy sources like renewable energy. The document analyzes trends showing declining forest cover due to deforestation and increasing investment in sustainable energy. Applying a green economy approach could help address issues like pollution, poverty and climate change by creating jobs in industries like eco-tourism and organic agriculture. Making the shift to a green economy requires efforts from governments, industries and global citizens to develop sustainably while protecting natural resources and the environment.
The Influence of Hinduism on Cambodian Civil Engineering In Siem Reap and …Duy Đức
This document provides background information on Hinduism and its influence in Cambodia. It discusses how Hinduism was introduced to Cambodia through Indian traders starting in the 1st century AD. Several Hindu kingdoms were established where Hindu temples were built. The height of Hindu influence came during the Angkor period when great temples like Angkor Wat were constructed under kings like Suryavarman II. However, Hinduism later declined as a state religion after Jayavarman VII converted to Mahayana Buddhism in the 12th century. The document provides definitions of key Hindu concepts and details the major Hindu gods, texts, and practices to outline the religion's beliefs and spread in Southeast Asia, particularly its historical role in Cambodia.
This curriculum vitae is for Nguyễn Duy Đức, a male student from Vietnam born in 1991 who is currently studying English Linguistics and Literature at Vietnam National University-Ho Chi Minh City. He has worked in several roles including as a receptionist, tour guide, translator and teacher. He is also involved in several extracurricular activities including being vice-leader of a guitar club and participating in fundraising and cultural exchange programs.
1. SMALL ASPECTS ABOUT THE STATUS OF ABORTION IN
VIETNAM AND AMERICA
Nguyen Duy Duc, April 4th 2013,
St. Code: 0957010057
Chapter I: Abstract
Abortion is a controversial topic in the world, in many societies because of its social issues. It
has been banned frequently and otherwise limited by law. However, abortions in the world
nowadays are being common, even they are illegal or legal. Abortion rates are different among
the countries. The number of abortions worldwide is happening complicatedly due to the status
of abortion in each country.
Therefore, the research chooses two countries America and Vietnam for the study. The reasons
choosing this topic is because the status of abortion between the two countries is happening up
and down. Besides, the status of the political institution and policy is different from the two
countries. In this case, abortion policies also have different things.
To provide essential information about abortion rate in Vietnam and America, the article tries to
answer the following questions: What is the situation of abortion in Vietnam in recent years?
What is the situation in America in America? What is the difference between the two situation of
abortion trend between America and Vietnam?
1
2. Chapter II: Why Women Get Abortions
To know why women choose as a method, there are some reasons. Women in all parts of the
world have abortion and they have similar reasons: need to continue education, unable to afford
to raise a child, no in stable relationship, pregnancy too close to previous birth, need to care for
existing children. In fact, there are little relationship between legal status of abortion and how
often it occurs.
The statistics is that women who have never been married account for one-third of abortions in
America as an example. And less than 1% of all abortions take place because of rape and/or
incest. This proves that almost of women gets abortions is all because they are trying to choose
abortion as a method. There are some reasons why women are seeking an abortion including
inadequate finance, not ready for responsibility, woman’s life would be changed too much,
problems with relationships, unmarried, too young and/or immature, children are grown; she has
all she wants, baby has possible health problems, pregnancy caused by rape/incest and other. The
percentage of these reasons is shown with the pie chart below.
4% WHY WOMEN GET ABORTIONS
1% IN AMERICA
8% 3%
22% Inadequate finances
11%
12% 22%
Not ready for
17% responsibility
Woman’s life would
be changed too much
Source: http://www.operationrescue.org/about-abortion/abortions-in-america/
2
3. The biggest reasons are that women are not really for their responsibility and inadequate finances
for avoiding a born child, both are 22%. 17% for woman’s life would be changed too much mean
women are not ready for their responsibility. It ranks a third position.
In Vietnam, the main reason is due to their limited awareness of contraceptive methods. Low
education level also affects the abortion. The abortion of people at low education level is
relatively high, but people with elementary school graduation have the lowest rate of abortion.
3
4. Chapter III: The status of abortion in America
ABORTION IN AMERICA AND THE WORLD
In order to understand about the status of abortion in America, a comparison between America
and the world through the statistics below is easier to look through.
Source:http://www.mswm.org/abortions.worldwide.abortionstatistics.htm
The trend of aborting in the world and the trend of abortion in North America (including
America) is in the same situation. Abortion rate of the world falls down from 35 people in 1
millions to 28 people. In North America, 22 people in 1995 in 1 millions people decrease to 17
people in 2008. In general, the number falling is not big through 13 years. Comparing North
4
5. America to other parts of the world, Africa is the highest. The following is Asia, Europe and
Latin America. The rate of abortion and the number of abortion as well of Africa Asia, Europe,
Latin America is much higher than North America (including America).
INCIDENTS OF ABORTION
Following the statistics of National Center for Health Statistics, 4,317,119 babies were born in
the U.S. in 2007. And about half of all pregnancies are unintended, which is all unintended
pregnancies, 4 in 10 babies are aborted. Below is a pie chart to show about the outcomes of
Unintended Pregnancies in 2007.
Source: http://www.operationrescue.org/about-abortion/abortions-in-america/
The chart shows us the outcomes of the Unintended Pregnancies. There are 40% of the
Unintended Pregnancies is aborted, 13% miscarry in comparison with 47% babies given birth.
More than a haft of 100% pregnancies of Unintended Pregnancies can not is born, alive.
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6. According to Operation Rescue, one of the leading pro-life Christian activist organizations in the
nation, there are approximately 1.21 million abortions in America each year.
ABORTION BY GESTATIONAL AGE
The huge amount of pregnancies is aborted in the first period by gestational age, 61% of less
then 9 weeks gestational age. The following is period 9-10 weeks gestational age. Through the
chart, it can be said that the rate of aborted pregnancies is smaller when the pregnancies is bigger
in bigger gestational age. Only 1% in total of abortion is when the pregnancies is more than 21
weeks.
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7. ABORTIONS BY MATERNAL AGE
ABORTION BY RACE
Blacks comprise only 13% of the population of America but account for 37% of all abortions.
Black women are five times more likely to abort than white women. 69% of pregnancies among
Blacks are unintended, while that number is 54% among Hispanics and 40% of pregnancies
among Whites. Planned Parenthood, the largest seller of abortions in the United States, has
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8. located 80% of its abortion clinics in minority neighborhoods, disproportionally targeting
minorities for abortion.
Source:http://www.operationrescue.org/about-abortion/abortions-in-america/
ABORTION BY RELIGION
ABORTION BY RELIGION
7%
24%
27%
None
Protestant
Catholic
42% Other
Source: http://www.operationrescue.org/about-abortion/abortions-in-america/
The United States spends 40 years of legalized abortion in all fifty states, the anniversary of the
Roe v. Wade Supreme Court decision 1973. Since then, according to the statistics published by
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9. the National Right to Life Committee in 2011, it is estimated that there are approximately
55,772,015 abortions that have destroyed the lives of unborn children. This is a high rate for any
country. It can be said that abortion is popular term for American people. The number means
there are more than 3,300 abortions daily and 137 abortions per hour every hour in the United
States. Translated another way, an abortion is done about every 30 seconds in the United States.
Forty percent of pregnancies among white women, 67% among blacks and 53% among
Hispanics are unintended.
Chapter IV: The status of abortion in Vietnam
In recent years, the abortion rate in Vietnam has been likely rising. According to result of
analyzed statistics of Investigation Office in 2009, Vietnam population increases 110.6 boy kids
per 100 girl kids in 2009, which is higher than the standard 104 – 106 boys per 100 girls.
Vietnamese government really cares about gender imbalance. Prenatal sex selection is the direct
reason for gender imbalance. According to Vietnamese law, this action is considered as illegal
one, according to Population Ordinance, by the Conference in 2003 and Government Decree
114, published in Nov 2006. However, abortion is legal and available at various provinces and
cities throughout the country.
About one-third to one-half of the abortions is performed in small health clinics but women are
dying at an alarming rate.
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10. The Vietnamese government is hoping to lower the abortion rates and is encouraging the 83
million people to use contraception in higher numbers. It is also planning a new sex education
campaign to encourage teens and young adults to use contraception as well.
Vietnam has one of the highest abortion rates in both Asia and the world and the number of
abortions has been rising. According to national health statistics, 760,000 abortions were carried
out in 1989, 1.3 million in 1994 and 1.4 million in 1995.
Vietnam is one of two countries to receive an award from the United Nations in 1998 for its
population control programs.
Every day, there are 400 women aborting. According to the statistics of General Office for
Population Family Planning, there are approximately 120.000 to 130.000 abortions every year in
Vietnam. In average, there are about 400 abortions in a day in Vietnam. For example in Tu Du
hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, there was a time it is estimated that there are 40.000 abortions per
year.
Considered in terms of married women’s educational level during the age of 15 - 49, the result is
as follows.
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11. Source: Self-calculation based on the survey results about changes in population - family
planning, 2005
The abortion rate of women from 15 - 49 by education level (%)
The above figure indicates that the high abortion rate of object groups with low educational
levels, such as illiterate people, was highest (0.44%). Then, it declines when educational level
increases: elementary school under-graduation (0.29%) and elementary school graduation
(0.25%). Here, the abortion rate rises up to 0.35% for groups with high school graduation, and
the group of high school graduation had lower rate of abortion than secondary school graduation
group (0.31%). It can be recognized that the complicated change in the correlation between
education level and abortion.
In the relation between the number of born children and the abortion rate, it can be said that it
has a clear difference. Families with one or two born children had the highest abortion rate, while
families with 3 or more born children or no born children had lower abortion rate. Obviously, the
number of born children will decide the abortion, which means families with more than born
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12. children want to choose abortion as a method to limit children.
Source: Self - calculation based on the survey result about changes in population and family
planning, 2005
The abortion rate of women from 15-49 by the number of alive children (%)
About the number of abortion times, the results below show that married women from 15 - 49
years old who had one abortion for 12 months for 82.1%, the number of women having two
times of abortion accounted for only 17.9%.
Source: Survey result about changes in population and family planning, 2005
The ratio of abortion times in Viet Nam, 2005 (%)
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13. The number of rural women having one time of abortion was bigger than that of urban women
(82.2% comparing with 81.8%). In contrast, the rate of urban people having 2 times is higher
than rural city’s (18.2 % comparing to 17.8%).
Source: Survey result of changes in population and family planning, 2005
The rate of number of abortion times of married women from 15 - 49 for 12 months before
research by rural/urban area (%)
Source: Survey result of changes in population and family planning, 2005
The rate of number of abortion times of married women from 15 - 49 for 12 months before
research by age groups (%)
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14. Women group of the age from 15 - 19 having one time of abortion accounted for 92.6%. The rate
of abortion in women 15-19 is the highest because this is when they need to continue education,
unable to afford to raise a child, no in stable relationship, so women choose abortion as a
method. The more women get older, the rate of women having 2 times and more of abortion
increase from 7.4% in teenager to 72% and 38.1% in middle age.
Chapter IV: Preference
1. Phá Thai Ở Nữ Vị Thành Niên, Adolessent’s abortion, Phạm Thanh Hải, Huỳnh Thị Thu
Thủy, Từ Dũ Hospital.
2. Poverty, Gender, And Youth; The Role of Abortion in the Last Stag of Fertility Decline in
Vietnam; Bussarawan Teerawichitchainan and Sajeda Amin; Working Paper No. 15;
2009.
3. ABORTION IN PRESENT DAY VIETNAM, Nguyen Thanh Binh; International Journal of
Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences January 2012, Vol. 2, No. 1 ISSN:
2222-6990 .
4. Facts on Induced Abortion In the United States; Guttamacher Institute.
5. TỔNG ĐIỀU TRA DÂN SỐ VÀ NHÀ Ở VIỆT NAM 2009 – TỶ SỐ GIỚI TÍNH HY SINH
Ở VIỆT NAM; CÁC BẰNG CHỨNG MỚI VỀ THỰC TRẠNG, XU HƯỚNG VÀ NHỮNG
KHÁC BIỆT; BỘ KẾ HOẠCH VÀ ĐẦU TƯ; TỔNG CỤC THỐNG KÊ, May, 2011.
6. NGHIÊN CỨU QUAN NIỆM, HÀNH VI TÌNH DỤC VÀ SỨC KHỎE SINH SẢN Ở VỊ
THÀNH NIÊN; HUYỆN CHÍ LINH, TỈNH HẢI DƢƠNG, 2006 – 2009; NGUYỄN VĂN
NGHỊ; HÀ NỘI - NĂM 2011.
7. http://www.lifenews.com/2013/01/18/55772015-abortions-in-america-since-roe-vs-wade-
in-1973/
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