Antiprotozoal agents is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection. Protozoans have little in common with each other and so agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another

1. BYBY
Dr.Dr. SAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAMSAMINATHAN KAYAROHANAM
M.PHARM, M.B.A, PhDM.PHARM, M.B.A, PhD
ANTIPROTOZOAL
DRUGS
1
9

2. 2
NUM CONTENT SLIDE
1 INTRODUCTION TO ANTIPROTOZOAL INFECTIONS 4
2 WHO IS A PARASITE? 5
3 INTRODUCTION TO AMOEBA 6
4 CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS 7 ,8
5 THE COURSE OF AMOEBIASIS DUE TO ENTAMOEBA ISTOLYTICA 9
6 LIFE CYCLE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA 10
7 LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE 11,12
8 TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF MALARIA 13
9 ACTION OF CHLOROQUINE ON THE FORMATION OF
HEMOZOIN BY PLASMODIUM SPECIES
14
10 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE AND CHLOROQUINE 15
2

3. 3
LEARNING OUTCOME
1. Able to understand the infectious diseases of
parasite.
2. Able to list the classification of antiprotozoal drugs .
3. Able to describe the life cycle of Entamoeba
Histolytica and life cycle of malarial parasite
4. Abele to demonstrate the general mechanism of
antiprotozoal drugs .
5. Able to understand the adverse effect of
metronidazole and chloroquine.

4. 4
Predator. “An organism that eats more than one other
organism (animal) during its life.” Usually larger than
prey (exception: social predators).
Parasite. “An organism that lives at the expense of
another (host), which it does not usually kill.” Usually
smaller than host.
Parasitoid. “A parasite that kills its host.” Usually
smaller than host.
1. INTRODUCTION TO ANTIPROTOZOAL INFECTIONS
4
4 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

5. 2.WHO IS A PARASITE?
Parasites are usually
much smaller than their
hosts, they also do not
kill before they eat.
5
5 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

6. 3.INTRODUCTION TO AMOEBA
Entamoeba histolytica
Amoebic dysentery
Naegleria
primary amoebic
meningoencephalitis
Acanthamoeba
contact lens contaminant
6 Figure 12.18a
• Protozoa with no truly defined shape
• Move and acquire food through the use of pseudopodia
• Found in water sources throughout the world
• Few cause disease
6 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

7. 7
4. CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPROTOZOAL DRUGS
7 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

8. 8
4.PRINCIPAL PROTOZOAL INFECTIONS AND COMMON DRUG TREATMENTS
8Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

9. 5.THE COURSE OF AMOEBIASIS DUE TO ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
9
9 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

10. 10
6.LIFE CYCLE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
10 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

11. 11
7.LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE
11 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

12. Figure 12.19
Infected mosquito bites
human; sporozoites
migrate through
bloodstream to
liver of human
Sporozoites
undergo
schizogony in
liver cell;
merozoites are
produced
Merozoites
released into
bloodsteam from
liver may infect
new red blood cells
Merozoites are released when
red blood cell ruptures; some
merozoites infect new red
blood cells, and some develop
into male and female
gametocytes
1 2
3
4
6
Asexual
reproduction
Intermediate host
Merozoite develops
into ring stage in red
blood cell
Ring
stage
Merozoites
Another mosquito bites
infected human and ingests
gametocytes
7
5 Ring stage
grows and
divides,
producing
merozoites
Definitive host
In mosquito’s
digestive tract,
gametocytes unite
to form zygote
8
Male
gametocyte
Female
gametocyte
Zygote
Sexual
reproduction
Resulting sporozoites migrate
to salivary glands of mosquito
9
Sporozoites in
salivary gland
7.LIFE CYCLE OF THE MALARIAL PARASITE
12
12 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

13. 13
8.TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF MALARIA
13 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

14. 14
9.ACTION OF CHLOROQUINE ON THE FORMATION OF
HEMOZOIN BY PLASMODIUM SPECIES
14 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D

15. 15
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF
METRONIDAZOLE ADVERSE EFFECTS
CHLOROQUINE
10.ADVERSE EFFECTS OF METRONIDAZOLE AND CHLOROQUINE
15 Dr.K.Saminathan.M.Pharm, M.B.A, Ph.D