The document summarizes research on the Magdalena River turtle (Podocnemis lewyana) in northern Colombia. It includes:
1) Studies of the reproductive ecology, nesting biology, incubation temperatures, hatchling sex ratios and growth under field and laboratory conditions. Temperature-dependent sex determination was confirmed in this species.
2) Analysis of genetic variation between two populations that found low genetic differentiation.
3) Research on hatchling performance, such as running speed, righting response, and swimming ability, and how it relates to egg and hatchling measurements.
4) A discussion of potential impacts of climate change, including a potential expansion of the species' geographic range but negative consequences for
Molecular and cytogenetic phylogeography of h. malabaricuscmvolcker
Claudio Michael Völcker
Jorge A. Dergam
Molecular and karyotypic phylogeography in the Neotropical Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae) fish in eastern Brazil
The origin of introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - in the Santa C...International Aquafeed
Salmon and trout have been transplanted to habitats throughout the world and self-sustaining populations have been successfully established globally, with the exception of Antarctica (MacCrimmon 1971; Quinn et al. 1996; Nielsen 1996). Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was first introduced into Argentinean Patagonia, the southernmost region of South America, at the turn of the twentieth century and eventually became the most conspicuous freshwater species in major river basins of the region (Pascual et al. 2002b).
Molecular and cytogenetic phylogeography of h. malabaricuscmvolcker
Claudio Michael Völcker
Jorge A. Dergam
Molecular and karyotypic phylogeography in the Neotropical Hoplias malabaricus (Erythrinidae) fish in eastern Brazil
The origin of introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - in the Santa C...International Aquafeed
Salmon and trout have been transplanted to habitats throughout the world and self-sustaining populations have been successfully established globally, with the exception of Antarctica (MacCrimmon 1971; Quinn et al. 1996; Nielsen 1996). Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was first introduced into Argentinean Patagonia, the southernmost region of South America, at the turn of the twentieth century and eventually became the most conspicuous freshwater species in major river basins of the region (Pascual et al. 2002b).
Behavioral and Morphological Variation in Brachycentrids (Brachycentridae Bra...KellieWatkins1
BEHAVIORAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN BRACHYCENTRIDS (BRACHYCENTRIDAE BRACHYCENTRUS SPP.) OF TWO NORTHERN MICHIGAN STREAMS
Authors: Maya Chang, Kellie Watkins, Jillian Geyer
University of Michigan Biological Station Summer of 2009
Faculty Mentor: Jordan Price, PhD
Maddison D.R., Moore W., Baker M.D., Ellis T.M., Ober K.A., Cannone J.J., and Gutell R.R. (2009).
Monophyly of terrestrial adephagan beetles as indicated by three nuclear genes (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Trachypachidae).
Zoologica Scripta, 38(1):43-62.
Behavioral and Morphological Variation in Brachycentrids (Brachycentridae Bra...KellieWatkins1
BEHAVIORAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN BRACHYCENTRIDS (BRACHYCENTRIDAE BRACHYCENTRUS SPP.) OF TWO NORTHERN MICHIGAN STREAMS
Authors: Maya Chang, Kellie Watkins, Jillian Geyer
University of Michigan Biological Station Summer of 2009
Faculty Mentor: Jordan Price, PhD
Maddison D.R., Moore W., Baker M.D., Ellis T.M., Ober K.A., Cannone J.J., and Gutell R.R. (2009).
Monophyly of terrestrial adephagan beetles as indicated by three nuclear genes (Coleoptera: Carabidae and Trachypachidae).
Zoologica Scripta, 38(1):43-62.
Diversity and dispersion patterns of echinoderms in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Mi...Angelo Mark Walag
Echinoderms are fundamentally good indicators of health and status of coralline communities in marine waters. In this study, the diversity and distribution of echinoderm species were determined in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Misamis Oriental. In total, 387 individuals were collected coming from classes Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea, and Ophiuroidea. The majority of individuals collected were Protoreaster nodusus, which is a good indicator of reef health while the least abundant echinoderm species was Acanthaster planci. The pattern of distribution of majority of echinoderms was a clumped distribution while the other groups followed regular/uniform distribution, which may be due to limited dispersal ability and availability and available food sources. Moderate species diversity was also observed and species were rather similar in abundance, shown by the evenness index. This suggests good marine health, even under the threat of gleaning activities, active fishing, and habitat destruction. It is recommended that follow-up studies are conducted especially regarding monitoring of echinoderm species, to further assess the health of the intertidal zone in Babanlagan, Talisayan, Misamis Oriental.
Presentation 8: Vibrio parahaemolyticus: a versatile pathogen that can adapt ...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/28b6bd62-5433-4fad-b5a1-8ac61eb671b1/
International Technical Seminar/Workshops on Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)
Morpho-External Structure of Lichen Flora in the Vicinity of Malingling River, Old Damulog, Damulog, Bukidnon.
Research Adviser: Ms. Jeanalyn C. Agor
Research Consultant: Edsyl Berongoy-Peňas
The research study was conducted to an inventory the lichen flora and its external morphology structure in the vicinity of Malingling River in Old Damulog, Damulog, Bukidnon. Specifically, the study aims to: (1) identify what species of the lichen flora found in the vicinity of Malingling River in Old Damulog, Damulog, Bukidnon; (2) differentiate the lichen flora with respect to: (a) vegetation; (b) color; and (c) family; and (3) determine the importance of lichens of flora to the people, community, and environment.
Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals molecular convergencein.docxbudbarber38650
Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals molecular convergence
in the evolution of albinism
Meredith E Protas1, Candace Hersey2, Dawn Kochanek3, Yi Zhou2, Horst Wilkens4, William R Jeffery5,
Leonard I Zon2, Richard Borowsky3 & Clifford J Tabin1
The genetic basis of vertebrate morphological evolution has
traditionally been very difficult to examine in naturally
occurring populations. Here we describe the generation of a
genome-wide linkage map to allow quantitative trait analysis of
evolutionarily derived morphologies in the Mexican cave tetra,
a species that has, in a series of independent caves, repeatedly
evolved specialized characteristics adapted to a unique and
well-studied ecological environment. We focused on the trait
of albinism and discovered that it is linked to Oca2, a known
pigmentation gene, in two cave populations. We found
different deletions in Oca2 in each population and, using
a cell-based assay, showed that both cause loss of function
of the corresponding protein, OCA2. Thus, the two cave
populations evolved albinism independently, through
similar mutational events.
The relatively closed, often nutrient-poor, and lightless environment
of caves represents a marked change in ecological conditions to which
several entrapped species have adapted. Obligate cave-dwelling ani-
mals, called troglobites or troglodytes, are characterized by a remark-
able convergence of eye and pigment loss across diverse species such as
spiders, isopods, salamanders and fish1.
There are 86 known troglodytic species of fish2. The best studied is
the Mexican tetra, identified by some authors as Astyanax mexicanus
and others as Astyanax fasciatus; the two names should be considered
synonymous in the present context and the species will be referred to
herein as Astyanax. This species has 29 cave populations in the karst
region of the Sierra de El Abra of northeast Mexico and one additional
population in Guerrero (Fig. 1a)3,4. A surface, or river-dwelling, sister
population of the cave morph lives in southern Texas and northeastern
Mexico and can still interbreed with the cave morph. Phenotypically,
the cave and surface morphs are very different; among other char-
acteristics, the cave morph has a greater weight per unit length, less
pigment, regressed eyes, larger nostrils, more maxillary teeth, more
cranial neuromasts and more taste buds, as well as differences in
feeding, schooling and aggressive behaviors (Fig. 1b–d)4,5. Molecular
phylogenetic studies indicate that several cave populations indepen-
dently evolved these characteristics6–8.
To provide a framework in which to study the genetics of this
species, we made a microsatellite linkage map. We have isolated and
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A talk examining how the energy requirements for life in the ocean impact evolution, ecology, and ultimately biodiversity. I examine this through the lense of both energy allocation and energy adaptation theory.
La regeneración en planarias son metazoos bilaterados acelomados cuya asombrosa capacidad regenerativa ha sido ampliamente investigada debido a sus potenciales aplicaciones clínicas y biotecnológicas.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
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3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
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Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for BuildingsChandresh Chudasama
The structural design process is explained: Follow our step-by-step guide to understand building design intricacies and ensure structural integrity. Learn how to build wonderful buildings with the help of our detailed information. Learn how to create structures with durability and reliability and also gain insights on ways of managing structures.
Understanding User Needs and Satisfying ThemAggregage
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
B2B payments are rapidly changing. Find out the 5 key questions you need to be asking yourself to be sure you are mastering B2B payments today. Learn more at www.BlueSnap.com.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
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Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.AnnySerafinaLove
This letter, written by Kellen Harkins, Course Director at Full Sail University, commends Anny Love's exemplary performance in the Video Sharing Platforms class. It highlights her dedication, willingness to challenge herself, and exceptional skills in production, editing, and marketing across various video platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram.
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Evgen Osmak: Methods of key project parameters estimation: from the shaman-in...
9 presentación podocnemis
1.
2. Evaluación de la distribución y la ecología
re p ro d u c t iva d e l a p o bl a c i ó n d e
Podocnemis lewyana en el río Magdalena
(2004).
3. Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises:
A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC — Podocnemis lewyana Specialist Group
Podocnemididae Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle
A.G.J. Rhodin, P.C.H. Pritchard, P.P. van Dijk, R.A. Saumure, K.A. Buhlmann, J.B. Iverson, and R.A. Mittermeier, Eds.
Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.024.lewyana.v1.2009
Podocnemis lewyana Duméril 1852 –
Magdalena River Turtle
VIVIAN P. PÁEZ1, ADRIANA RESTREPO1,
MARIO VARGAS-RAMIREZ2,3, AND BRIAN C. BOCK1
1
Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
4. ARTICLE IN PRESS
Vargas et al., 2008
´
M. Vargas-Ramırez et al. / Organisms, Diversity & Evolution 8 (2008) 388–398 395
Fig. 4. Relaxed molecular clock estimates for ages of extant Podocnemididae (Bayesian tree). Black circles correspond to fossil
calibration points: 100 mya for the podocnemidid–pelomedusid split (Gaffney 1990), 65 mya for the Erymnochelys–Podocnemis split
(Gaffney and Forster 2003). Inferred ages of podocnemidid divergences with standard deviations indicated. Abbreviations:
Pl ¼ Pliocene, Q ¼ Quaternary.
SD ¼ 0.62), P. vogli in the Late Oligocene (26.53 mya, monotypic genera, Peltocephalus and Erymnochelys,
SD ¼ 0.54), P. sextuberculata and P. unifilis in the respectively. Using morphological characters, Gaffney
Early Miocene (22.78 mya, SD ¼ 0.49 and 18.45 mya, (1988) and Gaffney and Meylan (1988) proposed
SD ¼ 0.43, respectively), and P. erythrocephala and that the Malagasy Erymnochelys constitutes the
P. lewyana split during the Middle Miocene at sister taxon of a purely South American clade,
15.45 mya (SD ¼ 0.38). Peltocephalus+Podocnemis. Georges et al. (1998) and
Noonan (2000) analyzed the phylogenetic relation-
ships of Erymnochelys madagascariensis, Peltocephalus
dumerilianus, and Podocnemis expansa, using 1382 bp of
Discussion the mitochondrial COI, 12S and 16S rRNA genes and
the nuclear genomic c-mos gene or 921 bp of the 12S and
Prior to the present work, the phylogeny of extant 16S rRNA genes, respectively. Both studies contradicted
podocnemidids was only incompletely assessed using Gaffney (1988) and Gaffney and Meylan (1988) and
DNA sequence data, and all previous studies focused on suggested that Neotropical podocnemidids are para-
the relationships of the three genera Erymnochelys, phyletic with respect to Erymnochelys, the latter being
Peltocephalus, and Podocnemis, but never tackled the sister to Podocnemis. In a subsequent study, Noonan
phylogeny of the six Podocnemis species. Traditionally, and Chippindale (2006) analyzed the divergence times
all extant podocnemidids were placed in the same genus of the three genera, using portions of four nuclear genes
(Podocnemis; e.g. Wermuth and Mertens 1961, 1977). (Rag1, NT3, BDNF, and POMC) and two mitochon-
Based on serological evidence, Frair et al. (1978) drial loci (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) for Erymnochelys
removed one Amazonian species and the Malagasy madagascariensis, Peltocephalus dumerilianus, and Podo-
species from Podocnemis and transferred them to two cnemis expansa. Phylogenetic analyses of these genes
5. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 2008, 7(1): 45–51
Ó 2008 Chelonian Research Foundation
Distribution and Status of Podocnemis lewyana in the Magdalena River
Drainage of Colombia
ADRIANA RESTREPO1, VIVIAN P. PAEZ2, CATALINA LOPEZ3,
´ ´ AND BRIAN C. BOCK4
1
Instituto de Biologı´a, AA 1226, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellı´n, Colombia [restrepoadriana78@gmail.com];
2
Instituto de Biologı´a, AA 1226, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellı´n, Colombia [vppaez@gmail.com; Fax: (574) 233-1120];
3
Instituto de Biologı´a, AA 1226, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellı´n, Colombia [cata.lopezospina@gmail.com];
4
Instituto de Biologı´a, AA 1226, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellı´n, Colombia [BrianBock1@gmail.com]
Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 2010, 9(1): 70–78
ABSTRACT. – We obtained evidence of the 2010 Chelonian Research Foundation of Podocnemis lewyana in 18 different
g continued presence
sites within the Magdalena River drainage of northern Colombia. However, abundances at most
sites were low, evenEcology where the species had previously been reported as lewyana) Although
Reproductive in areas of the Magdalena River Turtle (Podocnemis common. in the
hunting of adults is no longer Mompos Depression, Colombia consume individuals that are
commercially viable, local people
captured incidentally1 while fishing. Hunting of eggs during the incubation period each year 1
Jcontinues Cto be -H. , AMALIA M. CANO-CASTANO1, Vnegatively Arelated to DRIANA RESTREPO
UANA C. ORREA
1
intensive. Turtle abundances were IVIAN P. P EZ , AND A human densities
˜ ´
throughout this area. In the Chicagua River, where de Antioquia, A.A. 1226, were highest, we conducted
1
Instituto de Biologı´a, Bloque 7–136, Universidad turtle abundances Medellı´n, Colombia
standardized shoreline censuses of basking adults and documented abundances of approximately
[juanill@hotmail.com; amaliacano@yahoo.com; vivianpaez1@gmail.com; restrepoadriana78@gmail.com]
6 individuals/km2. Turtles often basked on mud banks, beaches, or emergent logs in aggregations
made BSTRACTall We studied various aspects of the reproductive biology of the Magdalena Riverclasses of
A up of . – size classes. Pilot trapping efforts also succeeded in capturing all size turtle
turtles, which suggests that more intensive monitoringlocations in would be feasible. Given the
(Podocnemis lewyana) during 2 nesting seasons in 2 programs the Mompos Depression in
evidence of declines in mostmonitored the nests; 22 that species, the current lack of regulation of its
northern Colombia. We areas of 53 range of this completed incubation in situ, 24 that were
transferred to protected areas (transferred nests), and 7 that were constructed using eggs removed
exploitation, and the projections for continued human population growth in this area, we
from females that had been consumed by local people (‘‘oviductal’’ nests). For each nest, we
recommend its Internationaldate, distance to the nearestof Nature (IUCN) type, vegetative cover,
registered the oviposition
Union for Conservation body of water, soil status be changed from
Endangered to Criticallydepth to the first egg, and maximum depth of the nest chamber. We also
exposure to sunlight, Endangered (CR A2acd).
KEY quantified–egg dimensions and clutch sizes, mean incubation temperatures and duration of
WORDS. Reptilia; Testudines; Podocnemididae; Pododnemis lewyana; turtle; threatened
species; status;periods, hatching success rates, and sex ratios. Most nests were located within 15 m of
incubation distribution; abundance; Colombia
the shoreline, in open or grassy areas with permanent exposure to sunlight, and in sandy soils. The
6. Las condiciones de incubación
de los nidos naturales
influyeron en las tasas de
eclosión y en los periodos de
incubación, pero no en el
tamaño de los neonatos o en su
CORREA-H. ET AL. — Reproductive Ec
peso.
ctive Ecology of the Magdalena River Turtle 73
ed, and Table 5. Descriptive statistics for incubation temperatures
ession. measured in Podocnemis lewyana nests in the Mompos
Depression.
otal
ests 2005 2006
3.0 All All Natural Transferred
5 nests nests nests nests
100
1 Entire incubation period
Mean (uC) 30.8 33.8 33.1 34.1
SD 1.4 0.7 0.9 0.2
were Range 28.7–32.8 31.8–34.6 31.8–34.0 33.7–34.6
enop- Middle third of incubation period
were Mean (uC) 31.4 34.0 34.0 34.1
SD 1.5 1.0 1.6 0.7
docu- n 6 15 4 11
ampo-
ed by
adult We measured 350 neonates, finding all 4 of the
7. Copeia 2009, No. 4, 698–704
A Comparison of Maternal and Temperature Effects on Sex, Size, and
Growth of Hatchlings of the Magdalena River Turtle (Podocnemis lewyana)
Incubated under Field and Controlled Laboratory Conditions
Vivian P. Paez1, Juana C. Correa1, Amalia M. Cano1, and Brian C. Bock1
´
During two nesting seasons we monitored 19 naturally incubated nests of Podocnemis lewyana obtained from two sites
in the Mompos Depression of northern Colombia. We incubated another nine nests in the laboratory under similar
humidity conditions, but at six different temperatures. We sexed the hatchlings obtained from all nests to confirm for
the first time the occurrence of temperature-dependent sex determination in this species and quantify sex ratios and
the pivotal temperature for this population. In both nesting seasons, the majority of the nests in the field produced
hatchlings of both sexes, but sex ratios differed between study beaches/years. The pivotal temperature documented
(33.4uC) appears to be among the highest reported for a turtle species. Incubation conditions in the naturally incubated
nests also influenced hatching success rates and incubation periods, but not hatchling size or weight. Hatchlings
obtained from the nests incubated in the laboratory were reared for one month in order to study the influence of pre-
hatching factors on growth rates. In these nests we documented maternal effects on egg size, initial hatchling size, and
8. Paez et al.—Temperature and maternal sex effects
´
Fig. 1. Sex ratios of the field nests (filled circles) and artificially
incubated eggs (open circles). At the presumed pivotal temperature of
La temperatura pivotal documentada (33.4ºC) fue
33.4uC, one natural nest produced primarily males and another
produced 100% females, while in the incubator set to 33.4uC, all of
una de las más altas reportadas para una especie
the males obtained belonged to one nest and all of the females
belonged to another nest.
de tortuga.
were similar among years, being 36% and 50% in 2005 and
9. 701
Las temperaturas de incubación de los
nidos artificiales también influyeron en
las tasas de eclosión, proporciones
sexuales, tasas de crecimiento y tamaño
pero no en el peso inicial de los neonatos.
Fig. 2. ‘‘Nest’’ effect (maternal effect) on egg weight (A), initial neonate
10. Restrepo et al. Actual Biol 30 (89): 151-159, 2008
GENETIC VARIABILITY IN THE MAGDALENA RIVER TURTLE,
PODOCNEMIS LEWYANA (DUMÉRIL, 1852), IN THE
MOMPOS DEPRESSION, COLOMBIA
VARIABILIDAD GENÉTICA DE LA TORTUGA DEL RÍO MAGDALENA, PODOCNEMIS LEWYANA
(DUMÉRIL, 1852), EN LA DEPRESIÓN MOMPOSINA, COLOMBIA
Adriana Restrepo1, 2, Brian C. Bock1, 3, Vivian P. Páez1, 4
Abstract
Two populations of the endangered Magdalena River turtle, Podocnemis lewyana, separated by 55 km in the Mom-
pos Depression were sampled to quantify levels of genetic variation and inspect for evidence of genetic structure.
Allozyme analyses resolved 22 presumptive gene loci, but only one resulted polymorphic. Genotype proportions at
both populations. However, allele frequencies at the locus did not differ between the two sites. The level of genetic
11.
12. se estableció la disposición para
uo que permaneciera inmóvil en
uesto” y su desempeño tuvo un
CCB-0943. Factors influencing the
performance of Podocnemis lewyana
(Podocnemididae) neonates obtained
from eggs incubated under controlled
laboratory conditions.
Echeverri-García, Laura; Páez, Vivian P.;
and Bock, Brian C.
13. Durante el primer año efectuamos tres
pruebas asociadas al desempeño de
neonatos en tortugas: velocidad de
corrida, enderezamiento y nado. Pudimos
determinar la falta de asociación entre las
tres velocidades potenciales.
Encontramos diferencias significativas en
el tiempo de enderezamiento entre nidos
y localidades, pero no entre sexos. La
asociación entre el desempeño y las
medidas de huevos y neonatos fue muy
débil o nula.
15. Alto desempeño del modelo
(AUC=0.971)
2080 aumento en la
temperatura y la precipitación
Distribución geográfica continua (magnitud y variabilidad).
Límites Norte y Sur podrían estar más
extendidos. No se limitará la distribución
geográfica de P. lewyana.
Var iables más impor tantes se
relacionaron con la temperatura. Pero…
Al visitar cinco localidades, elegidas Consecuencias negativas en
al azar a partir del modelo, se pudo especies con TSD.
establecer su gran utilidad en la
determinación de nuevas Reducción en el tiempo en que las
localidades. playas de los ríos se despejan.
16.
17. Contrastar los niveles de acumulación de
mercurio en dos especies de tortugas y
correlacionarlos con sus dietas y preferecias
de hábitat.
Evaluar si existe una asociación entre las
condiciones fisico-químicas del agua en tres
sitios de estudio y los niveles de acumulación
de mercurio en dos especies de tortugas.
Evaluar si existe una correlación entre los niveles
de acumulación de mercurio en el músculo y el
caparazón en dos especies de tortugas.
Evaluar el efecto de los niveles de mercurio
en el fitness de neonatos incubados bajo
condiciones controladas.
18.
19. Inferir el pasado demográfico de las
poblaciones.
Estimar el tamaño efectivo poblacional.
Construir matrices
transicionales.
Realizar análisis de
elasticidad.
F14
F13
Estimar las tasas actuales de
G21 G32 G43
r e c l u t a m i e n t o ,
1. Crías 2. Juveniles 3. Adultos I 4. Adultos II
sobrevivencia, tamaño y
tasas de crecimiento
P11 P22 P33 P44
poblacional.