The document discusses the role of digital health in modern clinical practice, emphasizing its multidisciplinary nature and advancements like data interoperability and artificial intelligence to enhance patient care. It highlights the legal and ethical responsibilities of nurses, including safeguarding patient confidentiality, obtaining informed consent, and maintaining professional relationships. Additionally, it outlines key legal safeguards and ethical considerations pertinent to nursing within the context of digital health.

1. INFORMATION LAW AND
GOVERNANCE IN
CLINICAL PRACTICE
DISHA PATEL

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INTRODUCTION
• Digital health or digital healthcare is a broad multidisciplinary
concept.
• It applies digital transformation to healthcare field in cooperating
software, hardware and services like mobile health apps,
electronic health records, wearable devices, tele-health,
telemedicine and tele-nursing.

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IMPORTANCE OF DIGITAL HEALTH
• Advances in interoperable data and artificial intelligence, big data, robotics,
etc. brings about major changes in healthcare.
• They help to ensure right treatment and interventions are delivered at the
exact moment needed by the patient. This helps in reducing medication
errors.
• Aiding preventive care and with the predicative analysis could help hospitals
and clinics staff scheduling staffing more accurately.
• Nursing informatics is the major component of modern healthcare. It is not
unusual to see nurses in healthcare setting using computers, smartphone
and electronic devices to search for information. In nursing programs, all
nurses get extensive knowledge about ethical concerns and legal views in
nursing The nursing informatics integrates the science of medicine and
analytics to identify, manage, track and send knowledge and information.

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• The nursing informatics is used by nurses, physicians, patients
and other health care professionals to enter share and take the
following for further needs.
• Care protocols
• Communication notes from healthcare team
• Diagnostic tests and their results
• Nurses' notes
• Financial reports
• Medical notes and news Patient health history
• Schedules

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LEGAL ASPECTS IN NURSING
• Laws are always very important for any profession. Same way laws
have a great importance in nursing. It protects the basic rights of
patients as well as the rights of nurses. It provides framework for
actions and reactions of the nursing activities within legal rights.
In other words, it gives the boundaries of work independence to
the professional and client. The major legal issues in nursing
practice.
• Negligence towards profession/ client. Invasion of privacy.
• Deformation of character in any way.
• Assault, battery and fraud.
• Malpractices

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LEGAL SAFEGUARDS FOR NURSES
• Nurses can protect themself with the adoption of some of the
legal safeguards. The basic guidelines areas follows:
• Obtaining informed consult
• Physician orders/standing orders (in written form)
• Ensure correct identify of patient/client.
• Accurate and in time documentation.
• Negotiation with employers.
• Drug maintenance especially narcotic drugs.
• Reporting of crimes, torts or unsafe practices.

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Ethical Legal Issues Related to Digital
Health Applied to Nursing
• Confidentiality: Confidentiality is the basic right of every individual.
Disclosing personal information of any person/client/patient without the
informed consent is illegal. Even with the consent, the information being
disclosed should be limited required only to fulfil the specific purpose.
• Avoiding harm: Any individual visiting to health care Centre should be
treated professionally without any physical or mental harassment, thus
any type of physical or mental harm to the client or patient is illegal and
unethical.
• Obtaining informed consent: It is the legal right of the patient/client that
they should know each and everything going to happen with them, and it
is the responsibility of the professional that the patient should completely
understand the information and give the consent for the procedure.

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• Professional relationships: The doctor-patient relationship
should be professional relationship. Patient has the right to expect
high professional services from the health care system.
• Establishing fees and other financial arrangement: Healthcare
should be provided to everyone as a basic need. Keeping in view
of financial condition of the patient the required arrangement of
donations and help from the government schemes for the
arrangement of donations and help from the government
schemes for the needy is the required ethical behavior of the
health professional.

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• Providing services to patients/clients served by other health
team members or professionals : Equitable health services for
everyone without the discrimination of color, creed, caste and
financial status is the law of country. So, healthcare facilities
should be reachable to everyone who approaches for it.
• Maintaining proper records, reports and data related to
clients or patients: Recording of history/psychology parameters
before and after treatment is must but this should be with the
intimation to the client. Patient have the legal right to take
medical reports and data collected and
maintained by health team.

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QUESTION?

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